CN102603384A - Aerobic fermentation fertilizer making device for organic solid waste and method thereof - Google Patents
Aerobic fermentation fertilizer making device for organic solid waste and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102603384A CN102603384A CN2012100796680A CN201210079668A CN102603384A CN 102603384 A CN102603384 A CN 102603384A CN 2012100796680 A CN2012100796680 A CN 2012100796680A CN 201210079668 A CN201210079668 A CN 201210079668A CN 102603384 A CN102603384 A CN 102603384A
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- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 189
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 241000256113 Culicidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
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- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerobic fermentation fertilizer making device for organic solid waste, which comprises fermentation cabins, a plant, multifunctional pile turning machines, a feeding device and a screening machine, wherein multiple groups of fermentation cabins are arranged in the plant; each group of fermentation cabin comprises a primary fermentation cabin and a secondary fermentation cabin which are correspondingly arranged on an upper position and a lower position; the bottoms of the two fermentation cabins are respectively provided with a transmission belt, an idler wheel and an aeration pipe; the discharging end of the feeding device is positioned on the primary fermentation cabin; the multifunctional pile turning machines are arranged in the two fermentation cabins; the bottoms of the two fermentation cabins are respectively provided with a movable baffle; one end of the transmission belt of each fermentation cabin corresponds to the position of the movable baffle of the fermentation cabin; the outlet of the movable baffle of the primary fermentation cabin is positioned above the transmission belt of the secondary fermentation cabin; the outlet of the movable baffle of the secondary fermentation cabin is positioned above the screening machine; the top of the plant is provided with an odor centralizing pipe provided with a plurality of air inlets; and the odor centralizing pipe is connected with a deodorization device arranged out of the plant. The aerobic fermentation fertilizer making device for the organic solid waste has the advantages of small occupied land, high mechanized degree and low operation cost and is simple to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garbage as resource processing and utilizing technology field, particularly a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device the invention still further relates to organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting method.
Background technology
Organic solid castoff generally comprises municipal sludge, municipal wastes, fowl and animal excrement, food garbage etc., after these solid waste are abandoned in the original use value of forfeiture, because water ratio is high; Also contain organism, nitrogen phosphorus, heavy metal and salt and pathogenic micro-organism and parasitic ovum, perishable, distribute the intensive foul smell; As it is not carried out effective treatment and disposal, not only can destroy environment, contaminated soil, water body, atmosphere; Influence environmental health, be detrimental to health, also can appropriation of land.Processing and disposal to organic solid castoffs such as municipal sludge, municipal wastess have become urban construction and have developed the focus of paying close attention to.Present treatment and disposal method mainly contains burning, landfill, soil utilization and throws sea etc.
In recent years, because the soil is utilized in the advantage of investment cost and resource utilization aspect, each country more and more supported the soil utilization of organic solid castoff.But will carry out stabilization and harmless treatment in the soil before the utilization, the aerobic fermentation technology is normal stabilization and the innoxious means that adopt, and has less investment, advantages such as floor space is little, the cycle is short, working cost is low, non-secondary pollution.In the aerobic fermentation process; Leavening temperature is being kept more than 5 days more than 50 ℃ at least; Can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ovum, weed seed, make organic matter degradation and be converted into stable soil ulmin, fermentation back product can be used for agricultural, gardens, soil improvement agent.
In the present organic matter fermentation technology, the fermentation vat floor space is big, fermentation period long, tail gas causes secondary pollution, and bucket formula fermentation energy consumption is high, fermentation period is long, effect is bad, and leavened prod does not reach national standard.Existing aerobic fermentation chamber formula technology, in whole long fermentation period, need be according to the sludge treatment requirement; With vehicle fermented sludge is shifted fermentation cabin and carry out the fermentation of stage branch storehouse; So it is still more that existing fermentation cabin formula technology is taken up an area of, mechanization degree is not high, and workload is big.Development along with society; Land resources is more and more nervous, manpower are more and more expensive; Existing aerobic fermentation process energy consumption is high, fermentation is inhomogeneous, product does not reach stabilization, innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization require and national standard, has therefore also hindered aerobic fermentation technology applying in the organic solid castoff resource utilization.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing issue, the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of floor space is little, mechanization degree is high, simple to operate, realize control automatically, the organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device that working cost is low easily; Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composting method of using organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device.
It is short to use fermentation period of the present invention, and leavened prod is stable, and the foul smell that produces in can the collection and treatment fermenting process reaches the relevant criterion of national innoxious index, and leavened prod is used for soil improvement, agricultural fertilizer, realizes the changing waste into resources utilization.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose takes is following: a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device, comprise fermentation cabin, and it is characterized in that: also comprise factory building, multi-functional turning machine, feeding unit, sieve apparatus; Be provided with many group fermentation cabin in the factory building, every group of fermentation cabin comprises corresponding one time fermentation storehouse and the Secondary Fermentation storehouse that is provided with, upper and lower position, and transmission belt, roller bearing and aeration tube all are equipped with in the bottom of two fermentation cabin; The discharge end of feeding unit is positioned at the one time fermentation storehouse; Multi-functional turning machine all is installed in two fermentation cabin; Two fermentation cabin bottoms all are equipped with movable baffle plate; One end of the transmission belt of two fermentation cabin is corresponding with its movable baffle position, and the outlet of the movable baffle plate in one time fermentation storehouse is positioned at the transmission belt top in Secondary Fermentation storehouse, and the outlet of the movable baffle plate in Secondary Fermentation storehouse is positioned at the sieve apparatus top; The foul smell concentrate tube that is provided with a plurality of inlet mouths is equipped with at the factory building top, and the foul smell concentrate tube is connected with the odor removal that factory building is provided with outward.
The present invention piles and also is provided with temp probe and oxygen content probe in the body, and temp probe and oxygen content probe are connected with computer-controlled apparatus; To computer-controlled apparatus, computer-controlled apparatus is adjusted ventilation and turning number of times according to temperature and oxygen content data the data transmission that measures for temp probe and oxygen content probe.Among the present invention, feeding unit is a worm conveyor; The present invention also is furnished with mixing and blending machine, and mixing and blending machine is connected with worm conveyor, and worm conveyor comprises the spiral lift pump, and mixing and blending machine and worm conveyor all are prior aries.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that above-mentioned second purpose takes is following: a kind ofly utilize organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device of the present invention to realize the method for composting, process step is following:
A. organic solid castoff and amendment, the backflow grog with water ratio≤80% gets into mixing and blending machine in proportion and mixes; Organic solid castoff: amendment: the weight ratio of backflow grog is 1:0.1～1:0.01～0.05, instrumentality stockpile pH6～8; When fermenting first, the backflow grog uses dewatered sludge, and the mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 50%～60%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump;
B. open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in one time fermentation storehouse, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 1.5～2m; Cover the thick backflow grog insulation deodorizing of one deck 3～5cm on the material top layer, the backflow grog that covers when fermenting first replaces with amendment;
The one time fermentation cycle is 7～10 days, in the fermenting process, through the aeration tube ventilation oxygen supply of bottom, one time fermentation storehouse installation; Aeration starts by oxygen content value feedback control, and aeration mode is interrupted aeration, when oxygen concentration is lower than 8%; Aeration starts 20min, then stops ventilation 0.1～0.15m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min) be that PM is imported 0.1～0.15 cubic metre air (as follows) to one cubic metre windrow, when heap temperature reaches 65 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine, every once heap that turned at a distance from 8 hours, one time fermentation is accomplished after 7～10 days;
C. open one time fermentation storehouse baffle plate, open the Secondary Fermentation storehouse of transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine mass transport after with one time fermentation, shift and close baffle plate and get into virgin material after accomplishing to lower floor; Open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in Secondary Fermentation storehouse simultaneously, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 2.6～3m; Get into the Secondary Fermentation stage, the Secondary Fermentation cycle is 15～20 days, the Secondary Fermentation initial stage; Through the aeration tube oxygen supply that install bottom, Secondary Fermentation storehouse, aeration starts by oxygen content value feedback control, and aeration mode is interrupted aeration; When oxygen concentration is lower than 5%; Aeration starts 20min, then stops ventilation 0.05～0.08m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), during greater than 45 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine at heap temperature, every turning at a distance from 12 hours once piled; When heap temperature during less than 35 ℃, stop the aeration oxygen supply, multi-functional turning machine turning simultaneously, 24 hours pitch times of turning, after windrow fully became thoroughly decomposed, Secondary Fermentation finished;
D. open Secondary Fermentation storehouse baffle plate; Opening transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine grog that will ferment is transported to and is delivered to sieve apparatus; The macrobead screen overflow gets into next fermentation period as the backflow grog; Screen underflow is a finished product fertilizer, packs through e Foerderanlage to discharge port, and discharging is closed baffle plate after accomplishing;
E. the whole process of fermenting is opened the foul smell concentrate tube in good time and is collected foul smell.
Described organic solid castoff comprises a kind of in municipal sludge, municipal wastes, fowl and animal excrement, the food garbage or several kinds mixture wherein.
Described amendment is the assembly material of wood chip and the natural organic matter material that straw powder minces, rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, straw, rice bran etc. are dry, loose porous, lighter; Like wood chip: the straw powder weight ratio that minces is 1:1.5, perhaps wood chip: the rice husk weight ratio is 1:2, perhaps wood chip: the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae weight ratio is 1:1, perhaps wood chip: the straw weight ratio is 1:1, perhaps wood chip: the rice bran weight ratio is the assembly material of 10:1.
The invention solves that existing technology floor space is big, energy consumption is big, the cycle is long, workload greatly, the problem of inefficiency, complex operation.The product that the inventive method obtains becomes thoroughly decomposed and uniformity, and in 7～10 days one time fermentation cycles, fermentation initial stage heap temperature is 10 ℃～30 ℃; Being warming up to 55 ℃ of times spent is no more than 3 days, and temperature can be kept and be not less than 6 days more than 55 ℃, and temperature can be kept and be not less than 1 day more than 60 ℃; Can pathogenic microbe killing and plant seed, reach innoxious standard, 15～20 days Secondary Fermentation cycles; Compost can fully become thoroughly decomposed, and reaches pollutent stabilization standard.The present invention compares with existing technology, and the fermentation cabin height improves, and under the identical situation of treatment capacity, floor space is little, can save land used 1/3～2/3, reduces the initial cost expense greatly; One time fermentation and Secondary Fermentation carry out in upper and lower two-layer fermentation cabin respectively, can in upper and lower warehouse, all form the habitat that adapts to the microorganism growth breeding, form the microbial population of each self stabilization, and heap body fermentation starting is fast, has shortened fermentation period; The fermentation cabin good leak tightness, the waste water in the treating processes, waste residue can not pollute surrounding enviroment, the foul smell that produces in the fermenting process, the foul smell concentrate tube that is equipped with through the factory building top focuses on, and has avoided the secondary pollution in the fermenting process; Technology is from being fed to the operation of discharging process complete mechanical, is convenient to robotization control, and it utilizes transmission belt to dock through baffle plate between one time fermentation storehouse and the lower floor Secondary Fermentation storehouse at the middle and upper levels, and time saving and energy saving, high efficiency is saved working cost; Through temperature and oxygen content probe feedback data control ventilation, can realize energy-conservation, the product fermentation finished thoroughly1.
Floor space of the present invention is little, mechanization degree is high, simple to operate; Easy realization is controlled automatically, working cost is low; Product has not only been realized the innoxious and stabilization of organic solid castoff; Can also be applied to agricultural, gardens and soil improvement, be adapted at applying in the recycling of organic solid castoff.
The invention of this reality utilizes the aerobic microbiological in backflow grog and the organic solid castoff to carry out thermophilic fermentation, and all kinds of organic solid castoffs are all had good ferment effect, has realized the innoxious and stabilization of organic solid castoff; The gained fertilizer product becomes thoroughly decomposed and uniformity; Granule is loose, and no foul smell is not recruited mosquitos and flies; Can be used for soil improvement, the agricultural fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an aerobic fermentation fertilize preparation craft schematic flow sheet of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the two dimensional structure synoptic diagram of the fermentation cabin of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device,
Fig. 3 is the A-A diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is the B-B diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 2.
Among the figure: 1-one time fermentation storehouse, 2-Secondary Fermentation storehouse, 3-worm conveyor, 4-multi-functional turning machine, 5-transmission belt; 6-roller bearing, 7-aeration tube, 8-baffle plate, 9-foul smell concentrate tube; 10-factory building, 11-temp probe, 12-oxygen content probe, 13-computer-controlled apparatus.
Embodiment
Device embodiment, extremely shown in Figure 4 like Fig. 2: a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device, comprise fermentation cabin, also comprise factory building 10, multi-functional turning machine 4, feeding unit 3, sieve apparatus; Feeding unit 3 is selected worm conveyor for use; Be provided with many group fermentation cabin in the factory building 10; Every group of fermentation cabin comprises corresponding one time fermentation storehouse that is provided with 1, upper and lower position and Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2, and transmission belt 5, roller bearing 6 and aeration tube 7 all are equipped with the bottom in Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2 in one time fermentation storehouse 1; The discharge end of feeding unit 3 is positioned at one time fermentation storehouse 1; In one time fermentation storehouse 1 and the Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2 multi-functional turning machine 4 is installed all; Multi-functional turning machine 4 is installed in the top in one time fermentation storehouse 1 and Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2; One time fermentation storehouse 1 all is equipped with movable baffle plate 8 with 2 bottoms, Secondary Fermentation storehouse; One time fermentation storehouse 1 is corresponding with an end of the transmission belt 5 in Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2 baffle plate movable with it 8 positions, and the outlet of the movable baffle plate 8 in one time fermentation storehouse 1 is positioned at transmission belt 8 tops in Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2, and the outlet of the movable baffle plate 8 in Secondary Fermentation storehouse 2 is positioned at the sieve apparatus top; The foul smell concentrate tube 9 that is provided with a plurality of inlet mouths is equipped with at factory building 10 tops, and foul smell concentrate tube 9 is connected with the factory building 10 outer odor removals that are provided with.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3: the present invention also is provided with temp probe 11 and oxygen content probe 12, and temp probe 11 is connected with computer-controlled apparatus 13 with oxygen content probe 12; Computer-controlled apparatus 13 output terminals connect with the ventilation installation that have been connected aeration tube; Temp probe 11 is placed in the heap body with oxygen content probe 12 during use; Temp probe and oxygen content probe are data transmission to the computer-controlled apparatus 13 that measures, and computer-controlled apparatus is adjusted ventilation and turning number of times according to temperature and oxygen content data.
The present invention also is furnished with the mixing and blending machine (not shown), and mixing and blending machine is connected with worm conveyor, and worm conveyor comprises the spiral lift pump, and mixing and blending machine and worm conveyor all are prior aries.Transmission belt uses the polyurethane net material be widely used at present on the sludge dewatering belt filter press to make material, has characteristics such as smooth, wear-resisting, good permeability.
A. with the organic solid castoff of water ratio 80% and amendment, backflow grog in proportion weight ratio be 1:0.1:0.05, get into mixing and blending machine and mix, bank pH is 6.2; Mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 60%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump; Described organic solid castoff is municipal sludge and municipal wastes, and described amendment is a wood chip: stalk crushed material weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:1.5, and described backflow grog uses dewatered sludge;
B. open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in one time fermentation storehouse, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 2m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 3cm on the material top layer; Fermentation period is 10 days, in the fermenting process, through the aeration tube ventilation oxygen supply of bottom, one time fermentation storehouse installation; Aeration starts by oxygen content probe feedback control, and aeration mode is interrupted aeration, when oxygen concentration is lower than 8%; Aeration starts 20min, then stops ventilation 0.1～0.13m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), when heap temperature reaches 65 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine, every once heap that turned at a distance from 8 hours, one time fermentation is accomplished after 10 days;
C. open one time fermentation storehouse baffle plate, open the Secondary Fermentation storehouse of transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine mass transport after with one time fermentation, shift and close baffle plate and get into virgin material after accomplishing to lower floor; Open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in Secondary Fermentation storehouse simultaneously, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 2.6m; Get into the Secondary Fermentation stage, the Secondary Fermentation cycle is 16 days, the Secondary Fermentation initial stage; Through the aeration tube oxygen supply that install bottom, Secondary Fermentation storehouse, aeration starts by oxygen content value feedback control, and aeration mode is interrupted aeration; When oxygen concentration is lower than 5%; Aeration starts 20min, then stops ventilation 0.05～0.07 m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), during greater than 45 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine at heap temperature, every turning at a distance from 12 hours once piled; When heap temperature during less than 35 ℃, stop the aeration oxygen supply, multi-functional turning machine turning simultaneously, 24 hours pitch times of turning, windrow fully becomes thoroughly decomposed after 16 days, and Secondary Fermentation finishes;
D. open Secondary Fermentation storehouse baffle plate; Opening transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine grog that will ferment is transported to and is delivered to sieve apparatus; The macrobead screen overflow gets into next fermentation period as the backflow grog; Screen underflow is a finished product fertilizer, packs through e Foerderanlage to discharge port, and discharging is closed baffle plate after accomplishing.
The foul smell that produces is collected by the foul smell concentrate tube, concentrates deodorizing.
A. with the organic solid castoff of water ratio 60% and amendment, backflow grog in proportion weight ratio be 1:0.5:0.02, get into mixing and blending machine and mix, bank pH is 8; Mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 50%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump; Organic solid castoff is municipal sludge, fowl and animal excrement and municipal wastes, and described amendment is a wood chip: the rice husk weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:2, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 1 steps d;
B. the bank height is 1.8m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 5cm on the material top layer; Ventilation 0.13～0.15m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), fermentation period is 8 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
C. the bank height is 3m; Ventilation 0.06～0.08m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min) fermentation period is 19 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
A. with the organic solid castoff of water ratio 40% and amendment, backflow grog in proportion weight ratio be 1:0.5:0.02, get into mixing and blending machine and mix, bank pH is 7.3; Mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 50%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump; Organic solid castoff is municipal wastes and food garbage, and described amendment is a wood chip: the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:1, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 1 steps d;
B. the bank height is 2m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 3cm on the material top layer; Ventilation 0.1～0.12m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), fermentation period is 7 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
C. the bank height is 2.8m; Ventilation 0.05～0.06m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min) fermentation period is 20 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
A. with the organic solid castoff of water ratio 30% and amendment, backflow grog in proportion weight ratio be 1:1:0.01, get into mixing and blending machine and mix, instrumentality stockpile pH is 7; Mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 55%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump; Organic solid castoff is municipal sludge, municipal wastes and food garbage, and described amendment is a wood chip: the straw weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:1, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 2 steps d;
B. the bank height is 1.7m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 4cm on the material top layer; Ventilation 0.12～0.13m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), fermentation period is 9 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
C. the bank height is 2.8m; Ventilation 0.05～0.07m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min) fermentation period is 18 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
Method embodiment 5,
A. with the organic solid castoff of water ratio 25% and amendment, backflow grog in proportion weight ratio be 1:1:0.01, get into mixing and blending machine and mix, instrumentality stockpile pH is 7; Mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 55%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump; Organic solid castoff is municipal wastes, fowl and animal excrement and food garbage, and described amendment is a wood chip: the rice bran weight ratio is the assembly material of 10:1, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 2 steps d;
B. the bank height is 2m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 3cm on the material top layer; Fermentation period is 8 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
C. the bank height is 3m; Fermentation period is 18 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
A. organic solid castoff is a fowl and animal excrement, and described amendment is a wood chip: the straw weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:1, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 2 steps d;
B. the bank height is 2m; Cover the thick amendment insulation deodorizing of one deck 5cm on the material top layer; Fermentation period is 10 days, and all the other are with embodiment 1;
C. with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
Method embodiment 7,
A. organic solid castoff is a food garbage, and described amendment is a wood chip: the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:1, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 2 steps d;
B. with embodiment 1;
C. with embodiment 1;
D. with embodiment 1.
A. organic solid castoff is a municipal sludge, and described amendment is a wood chip: the rice husk weight ratio is the assembly material of 1:2, the macrobead screen overflow of described backflow grog method of use embodiment 3 steps d;
Step b, c, d are with embodiment 1.
Because the Secondary Fermentation time is 2 times of one time fermentation times probably; So in each fermentation period, when one time fermentation is accomplished, shift when mixing windrow; Need the material in two adjacent groups one time fermentation storehouse be transferred in one group of Secondary Fermentation storehouse; Idle Secondary Fermentation storehouse is used for receiving the one time fermentation material of next fermentation period, in shifting one time fermentation product process, can carry out with trimmer conveyor is auxiliary, to save manpower.As shown in Figure 4, in the one-period, when one time fermentation is accomplished, with I, II storehouse one time fermentation transferred product to the A storehouse; III, IV storehouse one time fermentation transferred product are to the C storehouse, and the one time fermentation storehouse gets into virgin material then, and Secondary Fermentation is carried out in A, C storehouse; When one time fermentation was accomplished once more, at this moment A, C storehouse Secondary Fermentation were also accomplished, with I, II storehouse one time fermentation transferred product to the B storehouse; III, IV storehouse one time fermentation transferred product are to the D storehouse, and one time fermentation storehouse charging then is when current one time fermentation is accomplished; Because the Secondary Fermentation time is about 2 times of one time fermentation times, at this moment A, C storehouse Secondary Fermentation are also accomplished, A, C Secondary Fermentation warehouse discharging; Afterwards with I, II storehouse one time fermentation transferred product to the A storehouse, III, IV storehouse one time fermentation transferred product get into next loop cycle to the C storehouse.
Claims (9)
1. an organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device comprises fermentation cabin, it is characterized in that: also comprise factory building (10), multi-functional turning machine (4), feeding unit (3), sieve apparatus; Be provided with many group fermentation cabin in the said factory building (10); Every group of said fermentation cabin comprises corresponding one time fermentation storehouse (1) and Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2) that are provided with, upper and lower position, and transmission belt (5), roller bearing (6) and aeration tube (7) all are equipped with the bottom in said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2) in said one time fermentation storehouse (1); The discharge end of said feeding unit (3) is positioned at said one time fermentation storehouse (1); In said one time fermentation storehouse (1) and the said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2) multi-functional turning machine 4 is installed all; Said one time fermentation storehouse (1) all is equipped with movable baffle plate (8) with bottom, said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2); One end of said one time fermentation storehouse (1) and the said transmission belt (5) in said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2) with it said movable baffle plate (8) position corresponding; The outlet of the said movable baffle plate (8) in said one time fermentation storehouse (1) is positioned at said transmission belt (8) top in said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2); The outlet of the said movable baffle plate (8) in said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2) is positioned at said sieve apparatus top; The foul smell concentrate tube (9) that is provided with a plurality of inlet mouths is equipped with at said factory building (10) top, and said foul smell concentrate tube (9) is connected with the outer odor removal that is provided with of said factory building (10).
2. a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: said feeding unit (3) is selected worm conveyor for use; Said multi-functional turning machine (4) is installed in the top in said one time fermentation storehouse (1) and said Secondary Fermentation storehouse (2).
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device; It is characterized in that: said composting device is provided with temp probe (11) and oxygen content probe (12), and said temp probe (11) and said oxygen content probe (12) are connected with computer-controlled apparatus (13); Said computer-controlled apparatus (13) output terminal connects with the ventilation installation that have been connected said aeration tube (7).
4. a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: said composting device is provided with mixing and blending machine, and said mixing and blending machine is connected with said feeding unit (3).
5. a kind of organic solid waste aerobic fermentation composting device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: said transmission belt (5) is made with the polyurethane net material.
6. utilize the described organic solid waste aerobic fermentation of claim 1 to 5 composting device to realize the method for composting, process step is following:
A. organic solid castoff and amendment, the backflow grog with water ratio 60～80% gets into mixing and blending machine in proportion and mixes; Organic solid castoff: amendment: the weight ratio of backflow grog is 1:0.1～1:0.01～0.05, instrumentality stockpile pH6～8; When fermenting first, the backflow grog uses dewatered sludge, and the mixing windrow water ratio after mixing is 50%～60%, is delivered to the one time fermentation storehouse on upper strata then through the spiral lift pump;
B. open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in one time fermentation storehouse, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 1.5～2m; Cover the thick backflow grog insulation deodorizing of one deck 3～5cm on the material top layer, the backflow grog that covers when fermenting first replaces with amendment;
The one time fermentation cycle is 7～10 days, in the fermenting process, through the aeration tube ventilation oxygen supply of bottom, one time fermentation storehouse installation; Aeration starts by oxygen content probe feedback control; Aeration mode is interrupted aeration, and when oxygen concentration was lower than 8%, aeration started 20min; Then stop ventilation 0.1～0.15m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min) be that PM is imported 0.1～0.15 cubic metre air (as follows) to one cubic metre windrow, when heap temperature reaches 65 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine, every once heap that turned at a distance from 8 hours, one time fermentation is accomplished after 7～10 days;
C. open one time fermentation storehouse baffle plate, open the Secondary Fermentation storehouse of transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine mass transport after with one time fermentation, shift and close baffle plate and get into virgin material after accomplishing to lower floor; Open the transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine in Secondary Fermentation storehouse simultaneously, utilize transmission belt to move with multi-functional turning machine synergy the material top is flattened, the bank height is 2.6～3m; Get into the Secondary Fermentation stage, the Secondary Fermentation cycle is 15～20 days, the Secondary Fermentation initial stage; Through the aeration tube oxygen supply that install bottom, Secondary Fermentation storehouse, aeration starts by oxygen content value feedback control, and aeration mode is interrupted aeration; When oxygen concentration is lower than 5%; Aeration starts 20min, then stops ventilation 0.05～0.08m
3Air/(m
3Windrow .min), during greater than 45 ℃, start the turning of multi-functional turning machine at heap temperature, every turning at a distance from 12 hours once piled; When heap temperature during less than 35 ℃, stop the aeration oxygen supply, multi-functional turning machine turning simultaneously, 24 hours pitch times of turning, after windrow fully became thoroughly decomposed, Secondary Fermentation finished;
D. open Secondary Fermentation storehouse baffle plate; Opening transmission belt and the multi-functional turning machine grog that will ferment is transported to and is delivered to sieve apparatus; The macrobead screen overflow gets into next fermentation period as the backflow grog; Screen underflow is a finished product fertilizer, packs through e Foerderanlage to discharge port, and discharging is closed baffle plate after accomplishing;
E. the whole process of fermenting is opened the foul smell concentrate tube in good time and is collected foul smell.
7. composting method as claimed in claim 6, said organic solid castoff are a kind of in municipal sludge, municipal wastes, fowl and animal excrement, the food garbage or several kinds mixture wherein.
8. like claim 6 or 7 described composting methods, described amendment is a wood chip and straw powder minces, the assembly material of rice husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, straw, rice bran.
9. composting method as claimed in claim 6; Said amendment is a wood chip: the straw powder weight ratio that minces is 1:1.5; Perhaps wood chip: the rice husk weight ratio is 1:2; Perhaps wood chip: the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae weight ratio is 1:1, perhaps wood chip: the straw weight ratio is 1:1, perhaps wood chip: the rice bran weight ratio is the assembly material of 10:1.
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| CN2012100796680A CN102603384A (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Aerobic fermentation fertilizer making device for organic solid waste and method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |