CN102600981A - Flotation classification method of low-grade composite nickel oxide ores - Google Patents
Flotation classification method of low-grade composite nickel oxide ores Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 207
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 compound nickel oxide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1L-O1-methyl-muco-inositol Natural products COC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-1-O-Methyl-muco-inositol Natural products CC12C(OC)(C)OC(C)(C)C2CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N D-pinitol Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类的方法，针对含镁高、镍品位低的复合型氧化镍矿，添加浸染状镍的活化剂、褐铁矿的抑制剂，通过脂肪酸浮选其中的含镍蛇纹石和浸染状镍，将矿石分类成含镍蛇纹石型氧化镍矿和含镍褐铁矿型氧化镍矿，再用火法冶炼含镍蛇纹石型氧化镍矿，用硫酸浸出含镍褐铁矿型氧化镍矿。该方法选冶结合，优势互补，高效回收利用目前无法处理的低品位复合型氧化镍矿资源，同时减少硫酸镁等废弃物的排放，具有良好的经济效益和环境效益。
A method for flotation classification of low-grade compound nickel oxide ore, for compound nickel oxide ore with high magnesium content and low nickel grade, add disseminated nickel activator and limonite inhibitor, and flotation with fatty acid Nickel-containing serpentine and disseminated nickel, the ore is classified into nickel-containing serpentine-type nickel oxide ore and nickel-containing limonite-type nickel oxide ore, and then nickel-containing serpentine-type nickel oxide ore is smelted by pyromethod. Sulfuric acid leaching of nickel-containing limonite-type nickel oxide ore. The method combines dressing and smelting, complements advantages, efficiently recycles and utilizes low-grade composite nickel oxide ore resources that cannot be processed at present, and reduces the discharge of wastes such as magnesium sulfate, and has good economic and environmental benefits.
Description
技术领域： Technical field :
本发明涉及一种低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类的方法，属于选矿冶金技术领域。 The invention relates to a method for flotation classification of low-grade composite nickel oxide ore, which belongs to the technical field of ore dressing and metallurgy.
背景技术：Background technique:
镍资源主要分为硫化镍矿和氧化镍矿，目前约有70％的镍来自于硫化镍矿。但以氧化矿形式存在的镍却占镍储量的65％～70％，随着硫化镍资源和高品位红土镍矿资源的逐渐减少，大量存在的含镍1％左右的低品位红土镍矿的开发利用成为人们日益关注的问题。氧化镍矿是含镍橄榄石经长期风化淋滤变质而形成的，由于矿床风化后铁的氧化，矿石呈红色，因而通称为红土镍矿。根据矿石中铁和镁含量的不同，含镍红土矿可以简单地分为褐铁矿类型和残积矿类型。一般残积矿类型氧化镍矿含镁较高，镁主要以蛇纹石的形式存在，而褐铁矿类型镍红土矿含铁较高而含镁较低。 Nickel resources are mainly divided into nickel sulfide ore and nickel oxide ore. At present, about 70% of nickel comes from nickel sulfide ore. However, nickel in the form of oxide ore accounts for 65% to 70% of nickel reserves. With the gradual reduction of nickel sulfide resources and high-grade laterite nickel ore resources, there are a large number of low-grade laterite nickel ore containing about 1% nickel. Exploitation and utilization have become a problem that people pay more and more attention to. Nickel oxide ore is formed by long-term weathering and leaching metamorphism of nickel-containing olivine. Due to the oxidation of iron after the ore deposit is weathered, the ore is red, so it is commonly called laterite nickel ore. According to the content of iron and magnesium in the ore, nickel-bearing laterite ore can be simply divided into limonite type and residual ore type. Generally, the residual ore type nickel oxide ore contains higher magnesium, and magnesium mainly exists in the form of serpentine, while the limonite type nickel laterite ore contains higher iron and lower magnesium content.
对于红土镍矿，由于镍主要以浸染状和类质同象形式存在于褐铁矿和蛇纹石中，至今还不能通过选矿的方法富集其中的镍，一般都是采用直接的冶金方法进行处理。比较成熟的冶金方法包括：回转窑干燥预还原—电炉熔炼法(RKEF)、烧结—鼓风炉硫化熔炼法、烧结—高炉还原熔炼法、还原焙烧—氨浸法和高压酸浸法。此外，堆浸法、羟基法、氯化水浸法、氯化挥发法、氯化离析法等也有小规模的生产或进行过试验研究。上述处理方法均有各自的适应性，需要根据矿石镍、钴含量和矿石类型的差异，以及当地燃料、水、电和化学试剂的供应状况等的不同，选用适宜的工艺。一般来说，氧化镍矿的处理主要分为火法冶金和湿法冶金两种。 For lateritic nickel ore, since nickel mainly exists in limonite and serpentine in disseminated and isomorphic forms, it has not been possible to enrich the nickel through beneficiation methods so far, and generally adopts direct metallurgical methods. deal with. More mature metallurgical methods include: rotary kiln drying pre-reduction-electric furnace smelting (RKEF), sintering-blast furnace vulcanization smelting, sintering-blast furnace reduction smelting, reduction roasting-ammonia leaching and high-pressure acid leaching. In addition, heap leaching, hydroxyl method, chlorination water leaching method, chlorination volatilization method, chlorination separation method, etc. also have small-scale production or experimental research. The above-mentioned treatment methods have their own adaptability, and it is necessary to select an appropriate process according to the differences in the nickel and cobalt content of the ore and the type of ore, as well as the supply of fuel, water, electricity and chemical reagents in the local area. Generally speaking, the treatment of nickel oxide ore is mainly divided into pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy.
基于经济的原因，火法冶金主要处理含镍品位较高的红土镍矿，对于含镍品位低的矿石，由于火法成本高，经济效益不好，受到限制。如含镍1.5％～3％、铁l0％～40％、MgO 5％～35％、Cr2O3 1％-2％的变质橄榄岩，采用火法冶炼工艺如回转窑干燥预还原—电炉熔炼法(RKEF)、烧结—鼓风炉硫化熔炼法、烧结—高炉还原熔炼法等，产品主要为镍铁合金和镍锍产品，能够获得良好的技术指标，也能获得好的经济效益。但对于镍品位低于1%的氧化镍矿，火法冶金难以获得好的经济效益。 For economic reasons, pyrometallurgy mainly deals with lateritic nickel ores with high nickel content. For ores with low nickel content, pyrometallurgy is limited due to high cost and poor economic benefits. Such as metamorphic peridotite containing 1.5% to 3% of nickel, 10% to 40% of iron, 5% to 35% of MgO, and 1% to 2% of Cr 2 O 3 , using pyrometallurgy such as rotary kiln drying and pre-reduction—electric furnace Smelting method (RKEF), sintering-blast furnace sulfuration smelting method, sintering-blast furnace reduction smelting method, etc. The products are mainly nickel-iron alloy and nickel matte products, which can obtain good technical indicators and good economic benefits. However, for nickel oxide ore with a nickel grade lower than 1%, it is difficult to obtain good economic benefits by pyrometallurgy.
对于低品位氧化镍矿，湿法冶金可以较好得回收其中的镍。广泛使用的浸出剂为硫酸，由于硫酸对蛇纹石中的镁具有溶解作用，在浸出镍的同时，蛇纹石中的镁将变成硫酸镁。所以对于含镁高的氧化镍矿，硫酸浸出法也受到经济和环境方面的限制。当氨作为浸出剂时，需要对镍进行还原处理，氨浸实际上是火法和湿法的结合，氨浸虽然克服了镁的溶出，但火法部分的成本又成为经济问题，仍然不能处理低品位的氧化镍矿。 For low-grade nickel oxide ores, nickel can be better recovered by hydrometallurgy. The widely used leaching agent is sulfuric acid. Since sulfuric acid has a dissolution effect on the magnesium in serpentine, the magnesium in serpentine will turn into magnesium sulfate while leaching nickel. Therefore, for nickel oxide ores with high magnesium content, the sulfuric acid leaching method is also limited by economic and environmental aspects. When ammonia is used as the leaching agent, nickel needs to be reduced. Ammonia leaching is actually a combination of fire and wet methods. Although ammonia leaching overcomes the dissolution of magnesium, the cost of the fire method has become an economic problem and cannot be handled. Low grade nickel oxide ore.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的就是针对含铁和含镁高、含镍品位低的复合型氧化镍矿，采用一种先进的工艺方法-低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类的方法，选冶联合，优势互补，实现这种难处理镍矿资源的高效利用。 The purpose of the present invention is aimed at composite nickel oxide ore with high iron and magnesium content and low nickel grade, adopting an advanced process method-the method of flotation classification of low-grade composite nickel oxide ore, combining dressing and smelting, with advantages Complementary to realize the efficient utilization of this refractory nickel ore resource.
本发明的技术方案是：将复合型氧化镍矿磨矿至蛇纹石和褐铁矿单体解离，然后在矿浆中依次加入抑制剂、疏水剂、调整剂、捕收剂和起泡剂，浮选出含镍蛇纹石和浸染状的镍获得高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，留下低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物，最后将分离的矿物分别进行冶炼和酸浸得到金属镍。具体包括如下步骤：（如图1所示） The technical scheme of the present invention is: grinding the composite nickel oxide ore until the serpentine and limonite monomers are dissociated, and then sequentially adding inhibitors, hydrophobic agents, regulators, collectors and foaming agents into the slurry, Nickel-containing serpentine and disseminated nickel are obtained by flotation to obtain high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine products, and low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite products are left. Finally, the separated minerals are smelted and acid-leached to obtain metallic nickel. Specifically include the following steps: (as shown in Figure 1)
（1）将复合型氧化镍矿，磨矿至其中蛇纹石和褐铁矿90wt%以上单体解离，加水调整矿浆浓度在25～40wt%； (1) Grind the composite nickel oxide ore until more than 90wt% of the serpentine and limonite are dissociated, and add water to adjust the slurry concentration to 25-40wt%;
（2）向步骤（1）的矿浆中依次添加如下试剂：添加800～3000g/t淀粉抑制含镍褐铁矿，搅拌反应4～10分钟后，添加200～500g/t仲辛基二硫代碳酸钠使浸染状镍矿物疏水化，添加氢氧化钠作为pH值调整剂调整矿浆pH值在9～11，添加200g/t～800g/t脂肪酸类作为含镍蛇纹石的捕收剂，添加起泡剂10g/t～80g/t浮选含镍蛇纹石和浸染状的镍获得高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，留下低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物； (2) Add the following reagents sequentially to the slurry in step (1): add 800-3000g/t starch to inhibit nickel-containing limonite, stir and react for 4-10 minutes, then add 200-500g/t sec-octyldithio Sodium carbonate hydrophobizes disseminated nickel minerals, adding sodium hydroxide as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH value of the pulp to 9-11, adding 200g/t-800g/t fatty acids as collectors for nickel-containing serpentine, adding Frothing agent 10g/t～80g/t flotation nickel-containing serpentine and disseminated nickel to obtain high-magnesium-containing nickel-containing serpentine products, leaving low-magnesium-containing nickel-containing limonite products;
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，采用普通火法冶金回收镍资源；得到低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物，采用普通硫酸酸浸法浸出回收其中的镍。 (3) The high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine product obtained in step (2) is recovered by ordinary pyrometallurgy to recover nickel resources; the low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite product is obtained, and the ordinary sulfuric acid leaching method is used to recover nickel resources of nickel.
所述复合型氧化镍矿的成分及百分比为：镍0.7～1.2wt%，氧化镁10～30wt%，铁 10～30wt%，其余为杂质。 The composition and percentage of the composite nickel oxide ore are: 0.7-1.2wt% nickel, 10-30wt% magnesium oxide, 10-30wt% iron, and the rest are impurities.
所述捕收剂为脂肪酸类：油酸、氧化石钠皂或塔尔油中的任意一种。 The collector is fatty acid: any one of oleic acid, sodium oxide soap or tall oil.
所述起泡剂为：松醇油或混合酚中的任意一种。 The foaming agent is any one of terpineol oil or mixed phenols.
所述步骤（2）中得到的高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，由于浸染状镍得到一定富集，镍的富集比可以达到1.2至1.4，含镍品位得到提高，因此采用火法冶炼可以回收镍资源；得到的低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物，由于已经大大减少了硫酸浸出时镁的溶出，硫酸消耗大幅度下降，硫酸镁造成的环境污染显著减轻，可以采用硫酸浸出回收其中的镍资源。 The high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine product obtained in the step (2) is enriched to a certain extent due to disseminated nickel, and the enrichment ratio of nickel can reach 1.2 to 1.4, and the nickel-containing grade is improved, so pyrometallurgy is adopted Nickel resources can be recovered; the obtained low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite product has greatly reduced the dissolution of magnesium during sulfuric acid leaching, the consumption of sulfuric acid has dropped significantly, and the environmental pollution caused by magnesium sulfate has been significantly reduced, which can be recovered by sulfuric acid leaching nickel resources.
本发明提到的试剂均为普通市售。 The reagents mentioned in the present invention are all commercially available.
本发明具有以下优点和积极效果： The present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1、低品位复合型氧化镍矿，由于火法冶金方法成本高，无经济效益，湿法冶金受氧化镁溶出的影响，硫酸消耗大，环境污染严重而无法使用，致使这种资源不能得到有效利用。本发明采用脂肪酸类可以浮选捕收蛇纹石，淀粉可以抑制褐铁矿的特点，对低品位复合型氧化镍矿进行分类浮选，获得高镁含镍蛇纹石型氧化镍矿和低镁含镍褐铁矿型氧化镍矿。 1. Low-grade compound nickel oxide ore, due to the high cost of the pyrometallurgy method, has no economic benefits, hydrometallurgy is affected by the dissolution of magnesium oxide, the consumption of sulfuric acid is large, and the environment is seriously polluted so that it cannot be used. As a result, this resource cannot be used effectively use. The present invention adopts fatty acid to collect serpentine by flotation, and starch can suppress the characteristics of limonite, and classifies and floats low-grade composite nickel oxide ore to obtain high-magnesium-nickel-containing serpentine-type nickel oxide ore and low-grade nickel oxide ore. Magnesium-nickel limonite-type nickel oxide ore.
2、由于火法需要较高的镍矿品位，添加对浸染状镍具有疏水化作用的仲辛基二硫代碳酸钠作为浸染状镍的活化剂，使浸染状镍一定程度得到浮选，进入蛇纹石产物中，有利于火法回收镍的经济性。 2. Since the fire method requires a higher grade of nickel ore, sodium octyldithiocarbonate, which has a hydrophobic effect on the disseminated nickel, is added as an activator for the disseminated nickel, so that the disseminated nickel can be floated to a certain extent and enter Among serpentine products, it is beneficial to the economy of nickel recovery by pyrolysis.
3、充分利用硫酸对类质同象镍具有较好的浸出性能的特点，浸出回收浮选和氨浸都难以回收的类质同象镍资源。 3. Make full use of the characteristic that sulfuric acid has good leaching performance for isomorphic nickel, and leaching and recovery of isomorphic nickel resources that are difficult to recover by flotation and ammonia leaching.
4、蛇纹石通过浮选排除，避免了这部分矿物与硫酸反应，降低了硫酸耗量，也减少了可溶性硫酸镁的排放，减轻了环境污染。 4. Serpentine is removed by flotation, which avoids the reaction of this part of minerals with sulfuric acid, reduces the consumption of sulfuric acid, reduces the discharge of soluble magnesium sulfate, and reduces environmental pollution.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。 Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步描述，但本发明不限于以下所述范围。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the scope described below.
实施例1：参见图1，本低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类,方法的具体步骤是： Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1, the flotation classification of this low-grade composite nickel oxide ore, the specific steps of the method are:
（1）将复合型氧化镍矿（镍0.7～0.9wt%，氧化镁10～20wt%，铁20～30wt%，其余为杂质），磨矿至其中蛇纹石和褐铁矿90wt%单体解离，加水调整矿浆浓度在25wt%； (1) Grind the composite nickel oxide ore (nickel 0.7-0.9wt%, magnesium oxide 10-20wt%, iron 20-30wt%, and the rest are impurities) until 90wt% of serpentine and limonite are dissolved From, add water to adjust the pulp concentration at 25wt%;
（2）向步骤（1）的矿浆中依次添加如下试剂：添加3000g/t淀粉抑制含镍褐铁矿，搅拌反应4分钟，添加300g/t仲辛基二硫代碳酸钠使浸染状镍矿物疏水化，添加氢氧化钠作为pH值调整剂调整矿浆pH值在9，添加200g/t油酸作为含镍蛇纹石的捕收剂，添加松醇油50g/t浮选含镍蛇纹石和浸染状的镍获得高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，留下低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物； (2) Add the following reagents sequentially to the slurry in step (1): Add 3000g/t starch to inhibit nickel-containing limonite, stir for 4 minutes, add 300g/t sodium octyldithiocarbonate to disseminate nickel minerals Hydrophobization, adding sodium hydroxide as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH value of the pulp at 9, adding 200g/t oleic acid as a collector for nickel-containing serpentine, adding 50g/t pinitol oil to float nickel-containing serpentine and Disseminated nickel obtains high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine products, leaving low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite products;
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，镍品位1.1wt%～1.3wt%，采用常规火法冶金回收镍资源；得到低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物，镍品位0.6wt%～0.8wt%，采用常规硫酸酸浸法浸出回收其中的镍。 (3) Using the high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine product obtained in step (2), with a nickel grade of 1.1wt% to 1.3wt%, to recover nickel resources by conventional pyrometallurgy; to obtain a low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite product , the nickel grade is 0.6wt% to 0.8wt%, and the nickel is leached and recovered by conventional sulfuric acid leaching.
实施例2：参见图1，本低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类,方法的具体步骤是： Embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1, the flotation classification of this low-grade composite nickel oxide ore, the specific steps of the method are:
（1）将复合型氧化镍矿（镍0.8～1.1wt%，氧化镁15～25wt%，铁15～20wt%，其余为杂质），磨矿至其中蛇纹石和褐铁矿95wt%单体解离，加水调整矿浆浓度在30wt%； (1) Grind the composite nickel oxide ore (nickel 0.8-1.1wt%, magnesium oxide 15-25wt%, iron 15-20wt%, and the rest are impurities) until 95wt% of serpentine and limonite are dissolved Separate, add water to adjust the slurry concentration at 30wt%;
（2）向步骤（1）的矿浆中依次添加如下试剂：添加800g/t淀粉抑制含镍褐铁矿，搅拌反应8分钟，添加200g/t仲辛基二硫代碳酸钠使浸染状镍矿物疏水化，添加氢氧化钠作为pH值调整剂调整矿浆pH值在10，添加600g/t氧化石钠皂作为含镍蛇纹石的捕收剂，添加混合酚10g/t浮选含镍蛇纹石和浸染状的镍获得高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，留下低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物； (2) Add the following reagents sequentially to the slurry in step (1): add 800g/t starch to inhibit nickel-containing limonite, stir for 8 minutes, add 200g/t sodium octyl dithiocarbonate to disseminate nickel mineral Hydrophobization, add sodium hydroxide as a pH adjuster to adjust the pH value of the pulp at 10, add 600g/t sodium oxide soap as a collector for nickel-containing serpentine, add 10g/t mixed phenol to float nickel-containing serpentine High-magnesium-containing nickel-containing serpentine products are obtained through slag and disseminated nickel, leaving low-magnesium-containing nickel-containing limonite products;
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，镍品位1.2wt%～1.5wt%，采用常规火法冶金回收镍资源；得到低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物，镍品位0.7wt%～0.8wt%，氧化镁含量5wt%～7wt%，，采用常规硫酸酸浸法浸出回收其中的镍。 (3) Using the high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine product obtained in step (2), with a nickel grade of 1.2wt% to 1.5wt%, to recover nickel resources by conventional pyrometallurgy; to obtain a low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite product , the nickel grade is 0.7wt%~0.8wt%, the magnesium oxide content is 5wt%~7wt%, and the nickel is leached and recovered by conventional sulfuric acid leaching.
实施例3：参见图1，本低品位复合型氧化镍矿浮选分类,方法的具体步骤是： Embodiment 3: Referring to Fig. 1, the low-grade composite nickel oxide ore flotation classification, the specific steps of the method are:
（1）将复合型氧化镍矿（镍1.0～1.2wt%，氧化镁20～30wt%，铁10～15wt%，其余为杂质），磨矿至其中蛇纹石和褐铁矿92wt%单体解离，加水调整矿浆浓度在40wt%； (1) Grind the composite nickel oxide ore (nickel 1.0-1.2wt%, magnesium oxide 20-30wt%, iron 10-15wt%, and the rest are impurities) until 92wt% of serpentine and limonite are dissolved Separate, add water to adjust the pulp concentration at 40wt%;
（2）向步骤（1）的矿浆中依次添加如下试剂：添加2000g/t淀粉抑制含镍褐铁矿，搅拌反应10分钟，添加500g/t仲辛基二硫代碳酸钠使浸染状镍矿物疏水化，添加氢氧化钠作为pH值调整剂调整矿浆pH值在11，添加800g/t塔尔油作为含镍蛇纹石的捕收剂，添加混合酚80g/t浮选含镍蛇纹石和浸染状的镍获得高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，留下低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物； (2) Add the following reagents to the slurry in step (1) in sequence: add 2000g/t starch to inhibit nickel-containing limonite, stir for 10 minutes, add 500g/t sodium octyldithiocarbonate to make disseminated nickel mineral Hydrophobization, add sodium hydroxide as a pH value regulator to adjust the pH value of the pulp at 11, add 800g/t tall oil as a collector for nickel-containing serpentine, add 80g/t of mixed phenol to float nickel-containing serpentine and Disseminated nickel obtains high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine products, leaving low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite products;
（3）将步骤（2）中得到的高镁的含镍蛇纹石产物，镍品位1.4wt%～1.5wt%，采用常规火法冶金回收镍资源；得到低镁的含镍褐铁矿产物,镍品位0.8wt%～0.9wt%，氧化镁含量6wt%～8wt%,采用常规硫酸酸浸法浸出回收其中的镍。 (3) Using the high-magnesium nickel-containing serpentine product obtained in step (2), with a nickel grade of 1.4wt% to 1.5wt%, to recover nickel resources by conventional pyrometallurgy; to obtain a low-magnesium nickel-containing limonite product , the nickel grade is 0.8wt%~0.9wt%, the magnesium oxide content is 6wt%~8wt%, and the nickel is leached and recovered by conventional sulfuric acid leaching.
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