CN102526058A - 一种含氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑消炎镇痛药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种含氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑消炎镇痛药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种药物组合物及其制备方法,该组合物含有氯诺昔康、埃索美拉唑和适量其他添加剂的复合药物,该药剂含有两种活性成分氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑,这两种成分能产生协同作用,并且复方制剂用量低于各药分别单用剂量。本发明的药物组合,可以抑制单独给予氯诺昔康时引起的胃肠道出血,埃索美拉唑化合物的存在可以降低由氯诺昔康引起的胃出血风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于消炎镇痛的复合药物组合物及其制备方法,其中所述的组合物含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑盐为活性成分及适量其他添加剂的复合药物,属于医药领域。
背景
疼痛,从某种程度上说是医疗产生之源,解除疼痛是医疗最初的目的之一。兼有解热、镇痛和抗炎功效于一体的非甾体类抗炎药(non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)对治疗骨、关节和软组织风湿病以及其他很多疾病的疼痛都占有重要的地位。
据统计,全球每天约有3千万人使用NSAIDs,其中1700万人将NSAIDs作为常用药物使用,2009年,全球抗炎、抗风湿镇痛类药物市场达到了255亿美元,同比增长了8.8%。;在国内,目前NSAIDs的销量也逐年上升,2009年,风湿性关节炎药物销售同比增长高达41.87%,销售额为38.56亿元。
氯诺昔康为具有中度镇痛作用的NSAIDs,具有中枢镇痛机制,激活中枢阿片肽系统,促进内啡肽等物质的释放,表现出很强的镇痛作用,具有阿片类药物的镇痛效果,但不会带来诸多阿片类药物的不良反应。如:用于癌性疼痛等各种剧烈疼痛和类风湿性疾病,其镇痛作用优于杜冷丁,与阿片类药物相当,抑制COX的强度至少是替诺昔康和吡洛昔康的100倍:美洛昔康的1000倍。另外,由于氯诺昔康半衰期较短、药物蓄积的危险性低、较低的心血管、肾脏毒性、无成瘾性副作用,所以能够最大限度地降低人体的不良反应,从而成为临床安全、有效、副作用小的新型镇痛药,适用于中度疼痛的关节炎患者使用,并已被WHO作为控制癌症疼痛的第一阶梯药推荐使用。
但是NSAIDs长期应用的副作用也不容忽视。在美国进行的一项研究表明,仅在美国,每年因为服用NSAIDs而引发的上消化道并发症导致入院治疗的患者就达到107000例,并有16500人因此丧生。有资料表明,在使用NSAIDs的人群中,约有20%-25%患者出现不同程度的不良反应,在所有有关药物不良反应的报道中,NSAIDs占25%。根据美国食品药品管理局(FDA)的统计,服用NSAIDs是引起严重药物不良反应最多的原因之一。有30%的患者因服用NSAIDs而出现持续胃部不适,其中超过10%的患者因不堪忍受这些副作用而不得不中断药物治疗。
埃索美拉唑是阿斯利康公司首先生产的新一代的异构体质子泵抑制剂(I-PPI),是奥美拉唑的S异构体,是第一个可用于临床的质子泵抑制剂(PPI)单一异构体。它具有奥美拉唑消旋体所不具备的药物学和临床优点。
与奥美拉唑相比,埃索美拉唑具有较高和较一致的生物利用度,血浆浓度时间曲线下面积亦较大。埃索美拉唑和奥美拉唑的血浆浓度时间曲线下面积决定它们到达壁细胞的量,因此控制所达到的胃酸分泌程度。与其它PPI一样,埃索美拉唑对壁细胞酸性环境有较高的特异性,并在此环境中聚集、活化和共价性抑制质子泵。人体其他部位的质子泵达不到埃索美拉唑聚集和活化所需要的酸度。
埃索美拉唑每日1次40mg控制胃酸分泌的效果优于奥美拉唑每日1次40mg或20mg以及所有其他标准剂量的PPI。在胃食管反流病的处理中,与奥美拉唑每日1次20mg和兰索拉唑每日1次30mg相比,埃索美拉唑每日1次40mg具有较好的临床疗效。与奥美拉唑相似,埃索美拉唑具有良好的耐受性和较少的不良反应事件。联合使用氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑盐,为大量忍受疼痛的胃肠道不能耐受病人减轻痛苦和不良反应。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于轻中度镇痛的药物组合物,其特征在于,它是以一种非甾体抗炎药氯诺昔康和质子泵抑制剂埃索美拉唑为活性成分与药用载体混合形成的组合物,联合应用于轻中度炎症疼痛和初级癌痛的治疗。该复方制剂用量低于各药分别单用的剂量,可明显降低非甾体抗炎药不良反应(胃肠道出血)的效果。同时也适用于替代初级癌痛的阿片治疗。
技术方案
一种药物组合物的复方制剂,其包括以氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠为活性成分的混合物,其中,氯诺昔康结构式如下:
埃索美拉唑盐为埃索美拉唑钠或埃索美拉唑镁。
组合物每剂量单位含有4mg-8mg氯诺昔康,5mg-40mg埃索美拉唑盐,优选为4mg氯诺昔康,5-20mg埃索美拉唑盐。该复方用于治疗轻中度炎症疼痛和初级癌痛,用于避免应用非甾体抗炎药引起胃溃疡危险的风险。
复方注射剂含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠及加入药学上可接受的助溶剂,所述的助溶剂选自如下一组物质中的一种或几种:甘露醇、氢氧化钠、乙二胺四乙酸钠、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、羟丙基-β-环糊精、甲基-环糊精、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、卵磷酯。
复方口服制剂为片剂、颗粒剂和胶囊剂。
复方口服制剂含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁,制成氯诺昔康颗粒和埃索美拉唑镁颗粒,其中(1)、所述氯诺昔康颗粒通过向氯诺昔康和乙醇的混合物中添加赋形剂,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇、抗氧剂和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成颗粒并干燥获得;(2)、所述埃索美拉唑镁颗粒通过混合赋形剂、吸收增强剂和埃索美拉唑,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成颗粒并干燥获得;其中所述的组合物中包含每1重量份的氯诺昔康,1-5重量份的埃索美拉唑。其中赋形剂选自如下一组物质中的一种或几种:硬脂酸镁、聚维酮K30、交联羧甲纤维素钠、微晶纤维素、乳糖、聚乙二醇6000、二氧化钛E171、滑石粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甘露糖醇和山梨醇。
氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁混合物的复方口服制剂,其制备方法包括:(1)、通过一系列步骤获得氯诺昔康颗粒的方法,该步骤由向氯诺昔康和乙醇的混合物中添加赋形剂,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇、抗氧剂和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成16-50目大小的颗粒并干燥获得;(2)、通过一系列步骤获得埃索美拉唑颗粒的方法,该步骤由赋形剂、吸收增强剂和埃索美拉唑混合,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成16-50目大小的颗粒并干燥获得;(3)、一种混合物从步骤(1)获得的氯诺昔康颗粒和步骤(2)获得埃索美拉唑颗粒,然后向上述混合物中加入崩解剂和润滑剂,最后压片的方法;其中所述组合物中含有每重量份的氯诺昔康,1-5重量份的埃索美拉唑镁,其中所述的赋形剂为总组合物的70-95wt%;其中所述黏合剂选自吡咯烷酮、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠,所述黏合剂占总组合物的0.01-10wt%;其中所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲基纤维素钠和羧甲基纤维素钙,所述崩解剂占总总组合物的0.1-20wt%;其中所述润滑剂选自硬质酸钙、硬质酸镁和滑石,所述润滑剂占总组合物的0.1-20wt%。
氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑组合物连续给药1月试验表明,氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑不同比例组合物连续给药1个月,各给药组以及对照组动物外观体征、行为活动、粪便性状等未见明显异常。对摄食量无影响。氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑的剂量在1∶1以上,发生胃溃疡大鼠只数和对照组基本一致,和氯诺昔康组相比优势明显。表明氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑的组合物有协同作用。氯诺昔康具有中度镇痛作用,耐受性好,无明显心、肾毒性;埃索美拉唑为新型质子泵抑制剂,控制胃酸分泌的效果优于奥美拉唑,具有良好的耐受性和较少的不良反应事件。组合物样品不良反应相互补偿,有缓冲作用:氯诺昔康具有中枢镇痛作用而无成瘾性,但长期服用易致胃肠道出血;埃索美拉唑控制胃酸分泌,降低胃出血风险,但无止痛作用,二者作用相辅相成。
有益效果:
按照本发明的药物组合物,埃索美拉唑可降低由于氯诺昔康引起胃出血的风险,氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑盐组合药物并可用于控制癌痛的第一阶梯药。在使用该药物组合物时可替代阿片类镇痛药,成为一种理想的中度镇痛药物。
具体实施例:通过以下实例来对本发明的氯氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑组合物的优选和制剂工艺做进一步具体说明,但并不仅限于以下实例。
实施例1氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑组合物的药理作用
取大鼠450只,随机分为9组,试验组给于氯诺昔康0.8mg/kg,同时分别埃索美拉唑0、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、2.4、3.2、4mg/kg。各组大鼠按上述剂量以10ml/kg灌胃给药,每日1次,连续30日。再脱颈椎处死大鼠,打开腹腔,结扎责门,摘取全胃,在胃大弯剪一小口,倾出胃内容物于刻度离心管中,记录胃液量然后沿胃大弯剪开胃,洗去胃内容物,平展于玻璃板上。形态记录溃疡鼠只数。
实施例2-3氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁片剂的制备
按照表2所示的组成和含量制备
氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁速释片的制备
将埃索美拉唑镁样品粉末分散于一定浓度的羟丙纤维素的水溶液中,搅拌均匀后用喷雾干燥机进行喷雾干燥(喷雾干燥条件:进风温度:120-130℃,出风温度:70-80℃),即得埃索美拉唑镁微囊,显微测定包封率。备用。
将处方量的上述埃索美拉唑镁微囊、氯诺昔康、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化镁、糊精1500适量、交联羧甲基纤维素钠和硬脂酸镁过100目筛,混合均匀后直接压片。
实施例4-5氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁肠溶胶囊剂的制备
表2氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁片剂的成分
表3氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁肠溶胶囊的成分
按照表3所示制备胶囊剂。
称取处方量药物及辅料,过80目筛混合均匀,加10%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(pvp)乙醇溶液作粘合剂制成适宜软材,经孔径为0.8mm的筛板挤出直径相当的条状物,入滚圆机滚圆,于温度35℃烘干,取18-30目微丸进行包衣。
取埃索美拉唑镁微丸,置于喷包衣锅中,用羟丙基甲基纤维素加滑石粉乙醇溶液包隔离衣,于40℃下干燥10min;用尤特奇(Eudragit)L30D-55的肠衣材料溶液进行肠溶衣的包衣,包衣增重10%。
实施例6氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠冻干粉针注射剂
按如下配方制备氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑冻干粉针注射剂。
具体配方:
埃索美拉唑钠(以埃索美拉唑计) 5g
氯诺昔康 2g
甘露醇 100g
丙二醇 4g
乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTANa) 1.5g
注射用水 2000mL
制作方法:
(1)、按处方量称取甘露醇、丙二醇和乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶于100mL注射用水中,备用。按处方称取埃索美拉唑钠和氯诺昔康加入100mL注射用水,充分搅拌,制成溶液。
(2)、将步骤(1)中的溶液缓缓加入到步骤(2)的溶液中,加注射用水至2000mL。
(3)、上述溶液中加入0.1%(W/V)的注射剂用活性炭,充分搅拌30min后脱碳,然后用0.22um微孔滤膜过滤除菌。
(4)、分装、-20℃下冷冻,减压干燥得到成品。
实施例7氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠冻干粉针注射剂
按如下配方制备氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠冻干粉针注射剂。
具体配方:
埃索美拉唑钠(以埃索美拉唑计) 40g
氯诺昔康 8g
甘露醇 150g
丙二醇 8g
乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTANa) 1.5g
注射用水 2000mL
制作方法:
(1)、按处方量称取甘露醇、丙二醇和乙二胺四乙酸二钠溶于100mL注射用水中,备用。按处方称取埃索美拉唑钠和氯诺昔康加入100mL注射用水,充分搅拌,制成溶液。
(2)、将步骤(1)中的溶液缓缓加入到步骤(2)的溶液中,加注射用水至2000mL。
(3)、上述溶液中加入0.1%(W/V)的注射剂用活性炭,充分搅拌30min后脱碳,然后用0.22um微孔滤膜过滤除菌。
(4)、分装、-20℃下冷冻,减压干燥得到成品。
Claims (10)
1.一种药物组合物的复方制剂,其包括氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑盐和药学上可接受的辅料。
2.按照权利要求1的一种药物组合物的复方制剂,其中所述的埃索美拉唑盐为埃索美拉唑钠或埃索美拉唑镁。
3.按照权利要求1的一种药物组合物的复方制剂,其特征在于,其中所述组合物每剂量单位含有4mg-8mg氯诺昔康,5mg-40mg埃索美拉唑盐,优选为4mg氯诺昔康,5-20mg埃索美拉唑盐。
4.按照权利要求1的复方制剂,其特征在于该复方用于治疗轻中度炎症疼痛和初级癌痛,用于避免应用非甾体抗炎药引起胃溃疡危险的风险。
5.按照权利要求1或2的复方制剂,其中所述的复方口服制剂含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁及其它辅料,复方注射剂含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠及其它辅料。
6.按照权利要求4的复方注射剂,其特征在于含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑钠,加入药学上可接受的助溶剂,所述的助溶剂选自如下一组物质中的一种或几种:甘露醇、氢氧化钠、乙二胺四乙酸钠、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、羟丙基-β-环糊精、甲基-环糊精、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、卵磷酯。
7.按照权利要求4的复方口服制剂,其特征在于含有氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁,制成氯诺昔康颗粒和埃索美拉唑镁颗粒,其中
(1)、所述氯诺昔康颗粒通过向氯诺昔康和乙醇的混合物中添加赋形剂,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇、抗氧剂和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成颗粒并干燥获得;
(2)、所述埃索美拉唑镁颗粒通过混合赋形剂、吸收增强剂和埃索美拉唑,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成颗粒并干燥获得;
其中所述的组合物中包含每1重量份的氯诺昔康,1-5重量份的埃索美拉唑。
8.按照权利要求4的一种药物组合物的复方口服制剂,其中所述复方口服制剂为片剂、颗粒剂和胶囊剂。
9.按照权利要求4的一种药物组合物的复方口服制剂,其中所述赋形剂选自如下一组物质中的一种或几种:硬脂酸镁、聚维酮K30、交联羧甲纤维素钠、微晶纤维素、乳糖、聚乙二醇6000、二氧化钛E171、滑石粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甘露糖醇和山梨醇。
10.按照权利要求4的氯诺昔康和埃索美拉唑镁的混合物的复方口服制剂,其制备方法包括:
(1)、通过一系列步骤获得氯诺昔康颗粒的方法,该步骤由向氯诺昔康和乙醇的混合物中添加赋形剂,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇、抗氧剂和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成16-50目大小的颗粒并干燥获得;
(2)、通过一系列步骤获得埃索美拉唑颗粒的方法,该步骤由赋形剂、吸收增强剂和埃索美拉唑混合,然后向上述的混合物中添加乙醇和粘合剂,将上述混合物粉碎成16-50目大小的颗粒并干燥获得;
(3)、一种混合物从步骤(1)获得的氯诺昔康颗粒和步骤(2)获得埃索美拉唑颗粒,然后向上述混合物中加入崩解剂和润滑剂,最后压片的方法;
其中所述组合物中含有每重量份的氯诺昔康,1-5重量份的埃索美拉唑镁,其中所述的赋形剂为总组合物的70-95wt%;
其中所述黏合剂选自吡咯烷酮、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠,所述黏合剂占总组合物的0.01-10wt%;
其中所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲基纤维素钠和羧甲基纤维素钙,所述崩解剂占总总组合物的0.1-20wt%;
其中所述润滑剂选自硬质酸钙、硬质酸镁和滑石,所述润滑剂占总组合物的0.1-20wt%。
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