CN102413571A - Downlink relay backhaul resource allocation device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a downlink backhaul resource allocation device for a relay communication system, which comprises: the receiving unit is used for receiving the data buffer occupation level and the channel condition information fed back by the relay node; a calculating unit, configured to calculate resource requirements of the relay node according to the fed back data buffer occupancy level; the allocation unit is used for allocating resources to the relay nodes according to the calculated resource requirements and the channel condition information of the relay nodes; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the resource allocation information to the relay node via the control channel. The invention also provides a downlink backhaul resource allocation method for the relay communication system. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device and method of the present invention can satisfy the actual traffic demand and optimize the resource allocation between the relay node and the macro UE in consideration of the link quality of the backhaul link and the access link.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus and method for a relay communication system.
Background
In LTE-subsequent evolution (LTE-a), the use of relay technology can improve system performance, e.g., can improve coverage for high data rates, group mobility, temporary network deployment, cell edge throughput, etc., or provide coverage for new areas. This is described in detail in reference 1(3GPP TR 36.814 v9.0.0).
A Relay Node (RN) is wirelessly connected to a radio access network via a host cell (Donor cell). According to the spectrum usage range of the relay node, the operation of the relay node can be classified as follows:
-in-band operation: an Evolved Node B (eNB) -relay Node link shares the same carrier frequency as a relay Node-User Equipment (UE) link. In this case, the Rel-8UE should be able to connect to the host cell.
-out-of-band operation: the eNB-relay node link operates on a different carrier frequency than the relay node-UE link. In this case, the Rel-8UE should be able to connect to the host cell.
For both in-band relay and out-of-band relay modes of operation, the eNB-relay node link and the eNB-UE link should be able to operate on the same carrier frequency.
In LTE-a, a "Type 1" relay node is an in-band relay node with the following features:
-being able to control a plurality of cells, each cell appearing to the UE as a separate cell from the host cell;
multiple cells have their own physical cell ID (defined in LTE Rel-8), the relay node sends its own synchronization channel, reference symbols, etc.;
in a single-cell operating environment, the UE receives scheduling information and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback directly from the relay node and sends its control channel to the relay node;
rel-8UE sees the "Type 1" relay node as a Rel-8eNB (i.e., backward compatible);
for LTE-a UEs, it should be possible to see the "Type 1" relay node as distinct from the Rel-8eNB to allow further performance improvements.
For a "Type 1" relay node, it is difficult to achieve simultaneous eNB-relay node transmission and relay node-UE transmission on the same carrier resource unless the outgoing and incoming signals are sufficiently isolated (e.g., by means of a specific, well-isolated antenna structure), since the relay node's transmitter may cause interference to the relay node's own receiver. Similarly, a relay node may not be able to send signals to an eNB while receiving UE transmissions.
One possible solution to the above problem is: it is assumed that data is not transmitted to the terminal when the relay node receives data from a donor eNB (i.e., an eNB currently serving the relay node); that is, a "gap" is created in the relay node-UE transmission. As shown in fig. 1, a "gap" (during which it is assumed that the terminal does not perform any data transmission with the relay node) may be created by configuring Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) subframes, which are referred to as backhaul subframes. Subframes other than the same-procedure subframe are referred to as access subframes in which the terminal can perform data communication with the relay node. In this way, relay node-eNB transmission is facilitated by prohibiting data transmission between the terminal and the relay node in certain subframes.
An interference model 200 commonly used in the LTE-a standardization organization is shown in fig. 2, and includes a plurality of enbs 201, Relay nodes 202, Macro User Equipments (MUEs), i.e. UEs served by the enbs 203, and Relay User Equipments (RUEs) 204. As shown in fig. 2, in the relay backhaul subframe, eNB 201 also schedules data for MUE 203 at the same time. The interference in these backhaul subframes comes from eNB 201. In an access subframe, eNB 201 transmits data to MUE 203, and relay node 202 transmits data to RUE 204. The interference in these access subframes comes from eNB 201 and RN 202. The desired link and the interfering link are shown in fig. 2 for the backhaul subframe and the access subframe, respectively.
In 3GPP LTE-a, relaying is an important technology for extending cell coverage and improving capacity. For in-band relaying, the backhaul link and the access link of the relay node use the same frequency band as the macro cell. Some subframes in the radio frame are configured as backhaul subframes for data transmission from the donor eNB to the relay node. In these backhaul subframes, the donor eNB may also transmit data to the macro UE. How to share resources between the relay node and the macro UE becomes a challenging problem.
In reference 2(3GPP RAN1# 60, R1-101273, Panasonic, "downlink relay Performance Evaluation," 2 months 2010, San Francisco), it is proposed that the eNB calculates the resource size of each relay node (i.e., the number of RBs) from the number of macro UEs and the number of relay UEs of each relay node so that the resource size allocated to each UE becomes equal. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of allocating resources to a relay node by an eNB in the related art. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, at 301, the relay node feeds back the number of UEs it serves to its donor eNB. Then, at 302, the donor eNB calculates the resource size of the RN according to the number of UEs so that the resource size allocated to each UE becomes equal. At 303, the donor eNB allocates the calculated resource size to the RN before allocating resources to the macro UE. Finally, at 304, the donor eNB sends resource allocation information to the relay node via some specific control channel.
However, since the number of relay UEs may not correctly reflect the traffic demand of the relay node, nor the channel quality of the relay access link, it is inaccurate to allocate resources based on the number of UEs alone.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes: the resource requirements of each relay node are first determined based on the data buffer usage level of the relay node, and then appropriate resources are allocated based on the requirements and channel conditions of each relay node.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus for a relay communication system, including: the receiving unit is used for receiving the data buffer occupation level and the channel condition information fed back by the relay node; a calculating unit, configured to calculate resource requirements of the relay node according to the fed back data buffer occupancy level; the allocation unit is used for allocating resources to the relay nodes according to the calculated resource requirements and the channel condition information of the relay nodes; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the resource allocation information to the relay node via the control channel.
Preferably, the allocation unit allocates resources to the relay node according to the resource requirement of the relay node and the channel condition information, so that the resources used by the relay node are minimized.
Preferably, the allocating unit allocates resources to the relay node whose resource demand is not satisfied according to the resource demand of the relay node and the channel condition information, so that the relay node with the minimum ratio of the currently allocated resources to the requested resources obtains the resources with the maximum transmission rate in the current resources.
Preferably, the allocation unit allocates the remaining resources to the macro user equipment after allocating the resources to the relay node.
Preferably, the data buffer occupancy level comprises a queue length of data bits in the data buffer.
Preferably, the channel condition information includes signal to interference plus noise ratio information or channel quality information.
Preferably, the Control Channel includes a Relay-physical downlink Control Channel (R-PDCCH).
Preferably, the resources comprise physical resource blocks.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a downlink backhaul resource allocation method for a relay communication system is provided, including: receiving data buffer occupation level and channel condition information fed back by the relay node; calculating the resource requirement of the relay node according to the fed back data buffer occupation level; distributing resources to the relay nodes according to the calculated resource requirements and the channel condition information of the relay nodes; and transmitting the resource allocation information to the relay node via the control channel.
Preferably, resources are allocated to the relay node according to the resource requirement of the relay node and the channel condition information, so that the resources used by the relay node are minimized.
Preferably, according to the resource demand and the channel condition information of the relay node, the resource is allocated to the relay node whose resource demand is not satisfied, so that the relay node with the minimum ratio of the currently allocated resource to the requested resource obtains the resource with the maximum transmission rate in the current resource.
Preferably, after allocating resources to the relay node, the remaining resources are allocated to the macro user equipment.
Preferably, the data buffer occupancy level comprises a queue length of data bits in the data buffer.
Preferably, the channel condition information includes signal to interference plus noise ratio information or channel quality information.
Preferably, the control channel comprises a relay physical downlink control channel.
Preferably, the resources comprise physical resource blocks.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a base station including the downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus of the present invention.
The downlink backhaul resource allocation device and method of the present invention can satisfy the actual traffic demand and optimize the resource allocation between the relay and the macro UE in consideration of the link quality of the backhaul link and the access link.
Drawings
The above and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating relay node-UE communication using regular subframes and eNB-relay node communication using MBSFN subframes;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an interference model commonly used in the LTE-a standardization organization;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a procedure in which an eNB allocates backhaul resources to a relay node in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of downlink backhaul resource allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a downlink backhaul resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and operation of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present invention should not be limited to the specific embodiments described below. In addition, descriptions of well-known elements and steps not directly related to the present invention are omitted for convenience.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus 40 includes a receiving unit 402, a calculating unit 404, an allocating unit 406, and a transmitting unit 408. The operation of each component in the downlink backhaul resource allocation device 40 is described in detail below with reference to fig. 5. Note that, in fig. 5, the downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus 40 according to the present embodiment is included in the donor eNB side.
First, at 501 in fig. 5, a receiving unit 402 in a donor eNB receives data buffer occupancy level and channel condition information fed back by a Relay Node (RN) and transmits it to a calculating unit 404. In one embodiment, the data buffer occupancy level is a queue length of data bits in the data buffer and the channel condition information is signal to interference plus noise ratio information or channel quality information.
At 502 in fig. 5, the calculation unit 404 in the donor eNB calculates the resource requirements of each relay node according to the data buffer occupancy level of the relay node and transmits the calculation result to the allocation unit 406 together with the channel condition information. For example, the calculation unit 404 may calculate the resource requirement of each relay node by:
first, the resource requirement C of each relay node is initializedr(r denotes the sequence number of the relay node).
If the data buffer of the relay node r contains a queue length larger than 0 bit, setting qrQueue length (unit is bit); otherwise, if the queue of the relay node r is empty, setting qr(estimation of the number of bits that can be carried on an empty Physical Resource Block (PRB)).
Update Cr＝Cr-qrFinally CrCannot exceed the queue length of the relay node r in the eNB buffer, and the lower limit cannot be less than 0.
The above is a prediction of the transmission capabilities and needs of the relay nodes. It is clear that the buffer usage level of the relay node reflects this very directly. If the more data in the buffer, the poorer the transmission capability of the relay node is, the data allocation should be reduced for the relay node; on the contrary, if there is an empty physical resource block PRB, it indicates that the relay node can transmit more data, and the resource allocation should be increased. The goal of the final optimization is to expect the queue of buffers to approach 0.
At 503 in fig. 5, an allocating unit 406 in the donor eNB allocates appropriate resources to the relay node before allocating resources to the macro UE according to the resource requirement and channel condition of each relay node calculated by the calculating unit 404, so as to minimize the PRBs used in the backhaul subframe. For example, the allocating unit 406 may allocate resources to the relay node by:
first, let
The aim is that: <math>
<mrow>
<munder>
<mi>min</mi>
<mi>X</mi>
</munder>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<munderover>
<mi>Σ</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
</munderover>
<munderover>
<mi>Σ</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mi>rn</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
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<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
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</math>
and the constraint conditions are met:
xm∈{0，1}，r＝1，2，...，R；n＝1，2，..，N (3)
wherein,
n represents the number of RPBs in a subframe;
r represents the number of relay nodes;
X＝[xrn]representing an allocation matrix of PRBs to the relay node;
b represents the system bandwidth;
N0representing a noise power spectral density;
p represents the power of the PRB;
hrnrepresents the channel gain of the relay node r in PRB n;
note that in equation (1)
(i.e., Ym) represents the capacity of the corresponding PRB, which is derived from the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the relay node. In a specific implementation, this part may be replaced by the used link adaptation function. x is the number ofrnIf the value is 1, the relay node r is scheduled on the PRB n, and thus the resource is occupied; in contrast, xrnIf 0, it means that the relay node r is not scheduled on the PRB. In addition, equation (3) embodies for xrnOf (3) is performed. As can be seen, c in equation (1)rnRepresenting the actual rate of the relay node r over PRB n. Equation (2) aims to minimize the sum of PRBs used by all relay nodes by a reasonable choice of the allocation matrix X to the relay nodes. Equation (4) illustrates that one PRB can be used by at most one relay node at a time. Inequality (5) indicates that the resources allocated to each relay node (represented by the predicted transmittable data bits) must meet the requirements of the relay node.
Therefore, the principle of downlink backhaul resource allocation in this embodiment is as follows: by accurately estimating the capacity of the relay nodes and optimizing the resource allocation, the resources used by the relay nodes are minimized as much as possible on the premise of meeting the requirements of each relay node.
After allocating the appropriate resources to the relay node, the allocating unit 406 may allocate the remaining resources to the macro UE. This allocation can be achieved using existing scheduling techniques and will not be described in detail here.
Finally, at 503 in fig. 5, the transmitting unit 408 in the donor eNB transmits the resource allocation information to the relay node via some specific control channel. In one embodiment, the control channel is a relay physical downlink control channel.
It is noted that the above-described optimal allocation process performed by the allocation unit 406 is not computationally efficient from an implementation point of view. Thus, in a specific implementation, a sub-optimal allocation procedure (local search) is optionally performed in the allocation unit 406 to reduce the amount of computation. The sub-optimal allocation process is described below in pseudo-code:
let omegarIs a set of PRBs allocated to the relay node r;
initialization: let xrn＝0，Ωr＝φ，A＝{1，2，...，N}；While A≠φ
Find out
The relay node r whose value of (d) is the smallest;
if
searching for satisfying constraint condition Yrn≥YrjJ is an n of A;
let xrnUpdate c as 1rn，Ωr＝Ωr∪{n}，A＝A-{n}；
else
break；
end if
end while
Wherein omegarIndicating the set of RPBs that have been allocated to the relay node r, and a indicating the set of PRBs remaining at that time. At initialization, resources have not been allocated. And then, entering a loop, and ending the process until the resource allocation is finished or the requirements of all the relay nodes are met. In each cycle, the relay node with the smallest ratio of currently allocated resources to requested resources (i.e., the relay node with the relatively smallest resource allocation rate) is first selected to ensure fairness. For the relay node, if the existing allocation can not meet the preset requirement, one PRB capable of maximizing the transmission speed is searched in the rest PRBsThe PRBn of the rate, and then flags this PRB to update the relevant variables and sets. And then enters the next cycle.
The sub-optimal allocation procedure described above attempts to match each relay node as much as possible to the PRB having the maximized transmission rate (maximum signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio), and ensures a certain fairness. This sub-optimal allocation process is computationally inefficient because it is computationally less complex. Furthermore, the sub-optimal allocation process naturally solves the problem that the above constraint inequality (5) may not be satisfied. When all the resource allocation is completed, the sub-optimal allocation process is finished, and although inequality (5) may not be established for all the relay nodes, the sub-optimal allocation process can ensure that the existing resources can meet the requirements of the relay nodes to the maximum extent.
Fig. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a downlink backhaul resource allocation method 60 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, method 60 begins at step 602.
In step 604, data buffer occupancy level and channel condition information fed back by the Relay Node (RN) are received. In one embodiment, the data buffer occupancy level is a queue length of data bits in the data buffer and the channel condition information is signal to interference plus noise ratio information or channel quality information.
At step 606, the resource requirements of each relay node are calculated based on the data buffer occupancy level of the relay node. In one embodiment, the data buffer occupancy level is a queue length of data bits in the data buffer.
In step 608, according to the calculated requirement and channel condition of each relay node, the relay node is allocated appropriate resources before allocating resources to the macro UE, so as to minimize PRBs used in the backhaul subframe. Specifically, resources may be allocated to the relay node by performing the optimal allocation procedure or the sub-optimal allocation procedure described above. After the relay node is allocated the appropriate resources, the remaining resources may be allocated to the macro UE.
In step 610, the resource allocation information is sent to the relay node via a specific control channel. In one embodiment, the control channel is a relay physical downlink control channel.
Finally, the method 60 ends at step 612.
The downlink backhaul resource allocation device and method of the present invention can satisfy the actual traffic demand and optimize the resource allocation between the relay node and the macro UE in consideration of the link quality of the backhaul link and the access link.
Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention should not be limited by the above-described embodiments, but should be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (17)
1. A downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus for a relay communication system, comprising:
the receiving unit is used for receiving the data buffer occupation level and the channel condition information fed back by the relay node;
a calculating unit, configured to calculate resource requirements of the relay node according to the fed back data buffer occupancy level;
the allocation unit is used for allocating resources to the relay node according to the calculated resource demand and the channel condition information; and
a transmitting unit, configured to transmit the resource allocation information to the relay node via the control channel.
2. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device according to claim 1, wherein the allocation unit allocates resources to a relay node according to the calculated resource demand and channel condition information such that occupied backhaul resources are minimized.
3. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device according to claim 1, wherein the allocation unit allocates resources to relay nodes whose resource requirements are not satisfied, so that the relay node with the smallest ratio of currently allocated resources to requested resources obtains resources with the largest transmission rate in the current resources.
4. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device of claim 1, wherein the allocation unit allocates remaining resources to the macro user equipment after allocating resources to the relay node.
5. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device of claim 1, wherein the data buffer occupancy level comprises a queue length of data bits in a data buffer.
6. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device of claim 1, wherein the channel condition information comprises signal to interference and noise ratio information or channel quality information.
7. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device of claim 1, wherein the control channel comprises a relay physical downlink control channel.
8. The downlink backhaul resource allocation device of claim 1, wherein the resources comprise physical resource blocks.
9. A downlink backhaul resource allocation method for a relay communication system includes:
receiving data buffer occupation level and channel condition information fed back by the relay node;
calculating the resource requirement of the relay node according to the fed back data buffer occupation level;
distributing resources to the relay nodes according to the calculated resource requirements and the channel condition information; and
the resource allocation information is sent to the relay node via a control channel.
10. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method according to claim 9, wherein resources are allocated to the relay node according to the calculated resource requirement and the channel condition information such that occupied backhaul resources are minimized.
11. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method according to claim 9, wherein, according to the resource requirement and the channel condition information of the relay node, the resource is allocated to the relay node whose resource requirement is not satisfied, so that the relay node with the minimum ratio of the currently allocated resource to the requested resource obtains the resource with the maximum transmission rate in the current resource.
12. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method of claim 9, wherein after allocating resources to the relay node, remaining resources are allocated to the macro user equipment.
13. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method of claim 9, wherein the data buffer occupancy level comprises a queue length of data bits in a data buffer.
14. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method of claim 9, wherein the channel condition information comprises signal to interference and noise ratio information or channel quality information.
15. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method of claim 9, wherein the control channel comprises a relay physical downlink control channel.
16. The downlink backhaul resource allocation method of claim 9, wherein the resources comprise physical resource blocks.
17. A base station comprising the downlink backhaul resource allocation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN2010102993519A CN102413571A (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2010-09-21 | Downlink relay backhaul resource allocation device and method |
| PCT/CN2011/075730 WO2012037819A1 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2011-06-14 | Device and method for allocating downlink relay backhaul resources |
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| CN103813388A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-21 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for achieving resource control based on relay node |
| CN110073705A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-07-30 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Resource allocation in cellular network |
| CN110278609A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-24 | 诺基亚技术有限公司 | The method, apparatus and computer storage medium of link adaptation are used in communication system |
| EP3735793A4 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2021-01-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALLOCATING RESOURCES IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
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| WO2010104338A2 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for allocating backhaul transmission resource in wireless communication system based on relay |
| CN101562892A (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2009-10-21 | 北京邮电大学 | Method and device for resource allocation |
| CN101800998A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-08-11 | 上海交通大学 | Method for distributing dynamic resources of relay participating in scheduling in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103813388A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-21 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for achieving resource control based on relay node |
| CN110073705A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-07-30 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Resource allocation in cellular network |
| CN110073705B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2023-09-05 | 诺基亚通信公司 | Resource Allocation in Cellular Networks |
| EP3735793A4 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2021-01-20 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALLOCATING RESOURCES IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM |
| CN110278609A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-24 | 诺基亚技术有限公司 | The method, apparatus and computer storage medium of link adaptation are used in communication system |
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| WO2012037819A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
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