CN102378389A - Access method and device for physical random access channel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an access method for a physical random access channel (PRACH). The access method comprises the following steps that: a network element of an access network sets a PRACH category message according to a terminal characteristic category, and transmits the PRACH category message to a terminal; and the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH category message according to self terminal characteristic category to initiate a random access. The invention also discloses an access system for the PRACH. According to the scheme of the invention, the terminal can access to the PRACH according to the self terminal characteristic category so as to prevent intensive access of a machine to machine (M2M) terminal from influencing the access of a human to human (H2H) terminal, and ensure wireless access service quality requirements of the H2H terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a Random Access technology in wireless communication, and in particular, to an Access method and system for a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH).
Background
With the evolution of mobile communication systems, the quality of service of users has become the primary objective of operators, and the quality of service affects service performance and also determines the satisfaction of users to services. Important aspects of improving the quality of service are the time delay and success rate when establishing connections and channel allocations.
In order to further enhance the application range of the communication system, the concept of the internet of things is introduced and is widely promoted in the standard meeting of the communication industry. The internet of things in a broad sense includes both traditional human-to-human communication (H2H, human to human) and Machine-to-Machine communication (M2M), and in the third generation partnership project (3GPP) conference, M2M is also entitled "Machine type communication," MTC for short. With the introduction of the M2M concept, communication services are expanded in various aspects. For example, smart homes, including remote control of home appliances, remote monitoring of home security, and the like; intelligent traffic, including traffic flow monitoring, accident monitoring, vehicle monitoring, and the like; and intelligent metering, including monitoring and remote control of industrial instruments, remote meter reading and the like.
The M2M service can cover various fields of life, work and production, and the number of the M2M terminals is greatly surpassed compared with the number of the existing H2H communication terminals. This constitutes new pressure on existing radio access networks. The most likely bottleneck is that the existing wireless access capability is likely to not meet the requirement of access of a large number of M2M terminals.
The behavior of M2M terminals and H2H terminals for originating calls differs greatly, with H2H terminals typically having a lower density of call arrivals and M2M terminals typically having a higher density of call arrivals. Taking a smart grid meter reading service as an example, in an urban area with a dense population, the number of smart meters included in a coverage area of a base station cell can reach tens of thousands, and when the reporting time of meter data is reached, the tens of thousands of meters initiate wireless access together within a short time (for example, within 10 seconds), which causes the access capability of the wireless access network to reach the upper limit within the time, thereby seriously affecting the access of ordinary H2H terminal users, and the phenomenon of user experience is that an H2H call cannot be successful, or a long time is required to wait for a call to be successful, which seriously affects the sensitivity of the H2H terminal users. Whereas the Quality of service (QoS) requirements for M2M devices are different from those for H2H terminals, longer radio access delays are acceptable for a large portion of M2M services (e.g., smart meters).
In addition, the type of service introduced by M2M is also of many other types, such as fire alarm, which may have more stringent requirements on access delay than the H2H terminal; for this type of M2M terminal or service, it is clear that it also needs to be treated differently from terminals or services with lower QoS requirements. Generally, different terminals or different services have different access priorities for different requirements of access delay.
M2M also introduces the concept of terminal grouping (Group), and manages terminals of the same type or terminals in a certain area according to groups, which can greatly save overhead of air interfaces, for example, paging according to groups can greatly save paging signaling overhead compared with ordinary paging according to a single terminal.
In view of the above, how to reduce or even eliminate the impact of the intensive access behavior of the M2M terminals on the H2H terminals is an important issue to be solved at present.
Taking the UMTS system as an example, the information elements for characterizing the PRACH specified by the existing protocol are: a scrambling code number and a signature (signature). Different scrambling codes may be used to distinguish between different PRACH's, or different signatures may be used to distinguish between different PRACH's where the same scrambling code is used. In the current UMTS system, when M2M terminals are accessed in a large quantity, scrambling code resources and signature resources are occupied in a large quantity; at this time, if there is an H2H terminal to access, there is a high probability of access collision, which results in that the H2H terminal continuously re-initiates access, thereby generating a high access delay, and even failing to access.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide an access method and system for PRACH, which avoid the impact of intensive access of M2M terminals on the access of H2H terminals, and ensure that the wireless access of H2H terminals meets the QoS requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides an access method of a PRACH, which comprises the following steps:
the network element of the access network sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
and the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access.
In the above scheme, the access network element sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category as follows: the network element of the access network classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, one or more than one PRACH is respectively configured for each classification, and the terminal characteristic category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information.
In the above scheme, the classifying according to at least one terminal feature category is: at least one of the following is included: classifying according to terminal type, classifying according to calling service type, classifying according to terminal grouping and classifying according to access priority.
In the foregoing solution, the sending the PRACH classification information to the terminal is: adding the PRACH classification information into system information for broadcasting; or sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal through paging.
In the foregoing solution, the adding the PRACH classification information to the system information includes: adding the PRACH classification information into the existing system information; or defining new system information, and placing the PRACH classification information in the new system information.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises: and the access network element configures a special scrambling code for each PRACH.
In the above scheme, the selecting, by the terminal, a corresponding PRACH initiated random access from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal itself is: when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal characteristic category appointed to be used by an access network element, the terminal characteristic category of the terminal is inquired about the category of the terminal characteristic category in the PRACH category information, the corresponding PRACH is found according to the category, the terminal reads the configuration information of the PRACH from the system information, and the random access is initiated according to the scrambling code and the signature structure prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
The invention provides an access system of PRACH, comprising: an access network element and a terminal; wherein,
the access network element is used for setting PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and sending the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
and the terminal is used for selecting corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access.
In the foregoing solution, the access network element includes: a setting unit and a sending unit; wherein,
a setting unit for setting PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and informing the sending unit;
and the sending unit is used for sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal.
In the above scheme, the setting unit sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal feature type as follows: the setting unit classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, respectively configures one or more PRACH for each classification, and takes the terminal characteristic category and corresponding PRACH information as PRACH classification information.
In the foregoing solution, the setting unit is further configured to configure a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH.
In the above scheme, the sending unit sending the PRACH classification information to the terminal is:
the sending unit adds the PRACH classification information to system information for broadcasting; or the sending unit sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal through paging.
In the above scheme, the selecting, by the terminal, a corresponding PRACH initiated random access from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal itself is: when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal characteristic category appointed to be used by an access network element, the classification of the terminal characteristic category in the PRACH classification information is inquired, the corresponding PRACH is searched according to the classification, the configuration information of the PRACH is read from the system information, and the random access is initiated according to the scrambling code and the signature structure prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
The invention provides a method and a system for accessing a PRACH.A network element of an access network sets PRACH classification information according to the characteristic category of a terminal and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal; the terminal selects corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access; therefore, the terminal can access the PRACH according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal, the influence of intensive access of the M2M terminal on the access of the H2H terminal is avoided, and the wireless access of the H2H terminal is ensured to meet the QoS requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an access method for implementing PRACH according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access system for implementing a PRACH in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a PRACH access method implemented by the present invention, which takes a UMTS system as an example.
Detailed Description
The basic idea of the invention is: the network element of the access network sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal; and the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access.
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The invention realizes an access method of PRACH, as shown in figure 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 101: the network element of the access network sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category;
specifically, the access network element classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, and configures one or more PRACH for each category, wherein the PRACH is dedicated for the category, and the terminal characteristic category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
in this step, the access network element is generally a base station, or referred to as NodeB;
the terminal feature categories include: terminal type, call service type, terminal group (group), access priority, etc.;
the terminal types, for example, M2M terminals, or H2H terminals, or other types of terminals except for M2M terminals and H2H terminals;
the call service type is, for example, a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new call service type belonging to M2M;
the terminal group refers to a terminal group to which a terminal initiating random access belongs;
the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal initiating random access or the call service;
the step further includes that the network element of the access network configures a special scrambling code for each PRACH, and the scrambling code corresponding to each PRACH can be the same or different; if the scrambling codes corresponding to the two PRACHs are the same, the isolation of random access of the two PRACHs is weak; if the scrambling codes corresponding to the two PRACHs are different, the isolation of the two PRACHs is strong, and random accesses initiated by the two scrambling codes do not conflict with each other.
Step 102: the network element of the access network sends the classification information of the PRACH to a terminal;
specifically, the access network element adds the PRACH classification information to system information for broadcasting, and the terminal obtains the PRACH classification information by reading the system information;
further, the PRACH classification information may be added to existing system information; new system information may also be defined, in which the PRACH classification information is placed;
or the network element of the access network sends the classification information of the PRACH to the terminal by paging;
further, the access network element may send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal through packet paging (group paging), which may reduce signaling overhead.
Step 103: the terminal selects corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access;
specifically, when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to a terminal feature category appointed for use by an access network element, a category to which a terminal feature category of the terminal itself belongs in the classification information of the PRACH is inquired, a corresponding PRACH is found according to the category, the terminal reads configuration information of the PRACH from a system message, and a prefix is constructed according to a scrambling code and a signature in the configuration information of the PRACH to initiate random access;
when the terminal feature type in the PRACH classification information corresponds to multiple PRACH, one of the available PRACH may be selected arbitrarily.
In order to implement the above method, the present invention further provides an access system of a PRACH, as shown in fig. 2, the system includes: an access network element 21, a terminal 22; wherein,
an access network element 21, configured to set PRACH classification information according to a terminal feature type, and send the PRACH classification information to a terminal 22;
the access network element 21 includes: a setting unit 211, a transmitting unit 212; wherein,
a setting unit 211, configured to set PRACH classification information according to a terminal feature type, and notify the sending unit 212;
a sending unit 212, configured to send the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22;
in the above, the access network element 21 is generally a base station;
the terminal feature categories include: terminal type, call service type, terminal grouping, access priority, etc.;
the terminal types, for example, M2M terminals, or H2H terminals, or other types of terminals except for M2M terminals and H2H terminals;
the call service type is, for example, a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new call service type belonging to M2M;
the terminal group refers to a terminal group to which a terminal initiating random access belongs;
the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal initiating random access or the call service;
the setting unit 211 sets PRACH classification information according to a terminal feature class, specifically, the setting unit 211 classifies according to at least one terminal feature class, and configures one or more PRACH for each class, where the PRACH is dedicated for the class, and the terminal feature class and corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
the setting unit 211 is further configured to configure a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH, where the scrambling codes corresponding to each PRACH may be the same or different;
the sending unit 212 sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22, specifically, the sending unit 212 adds the PRACH classification information to system information for broadcasting, and the terminal 22 obtains the PRACH classification information by reading the system information;
further, the PRACH classification information may be added to existing system information; new system information may also be defined, in which the PRACH classification information is placed;
alternatively, the sending unit 212 sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal 22 by paging;
further, the sending unit 212 may send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal 22 through packet paging (group paging), which may reduce signaling overhead.
The terminal 22 is used for selecting a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access;
specifically, when the terminal 22 needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal feature type agreed for use with the access network element 21, the classification of the terminal feature type itself in the PRACH classification information is queried, the corresponding PRACH is found according to the classification, the terminal 22 reads the configuration information of the PRACH from the system message, and initiates random access according to the scrambling code and the signature structure prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
The following detailed description of the implementation and principles of the method of the present invention is provided in connection with specific embodiments.
In this embodiment, a UMTS system is taken as an example to implement a PRACH access method, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps:
step 301: setting PRACH classification information by the NodeB according to the terminal characteristic category;
specifically, the NodeB classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, and configures one or more PRACH for each classification, where the PRACH is dedicated to this classification, and the terminal characteristic category and corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information;
the method further comprises the following steps that the NodeB configures a special scrambling code for each PRACH, and the scrambling codes corresponding to each PRACH can be the same or different;
the terminal feature categories include: terminal type, call service type, terminal grouping, access priority, etc.;
the terminal types, for example, M2M terminals, or H2H terminals, or other types of terminals except for M2M terminals and H2H terminals;
the call service type is, for example, a normal call, or an emergency call, or a new call service type belonging to M2M;
the terminal group refers to a terminal group to which a terminal initiating random access belongs;
the access priority refers to the access priority of the terminal initiating random access or the call service;
if the terminal types are classified, the PRACH classification information is shown in table 1, and each terminal type may correspond to one or more PRACH types, for example, in table 1, a bit map (bitmap) with a length of 16 bits may be used to represent the corresponding PRACH, where a bit of a corresponding bit of the bit map is 1, which indicates that the corresponding PRACH is allocated to the terminal type; for example: if the bitmap is 0001000010000000, the 2 PRACH numbers 3 and 8 are assigned to the corresponding terminal type, and the bitmap here is 16 bits long, because the maximum number of PRACH that can be supported for configuration in the UMTS system is 16.
| Terminal class number | Corresponding PRACH number |
| 0(H2H terminal) | Bit map[16] |
| 1(M2M terminal) | Bit map[16] |
TABLE 1
Similarly, if the classification is performed according to the service type, the PRACH classification information may be as shown in table 2;
| service type sequence number | Corresponding PRACH number |
| 0 (Business type 0) | Bit map[16] |
| 1 (Business type 1) | Bit map[16] |
| 2 (Business type 2) | Bit map[16] |
| 3 (Business type 3) | Bit map[16] |
| …… | …… |
TABLE 2
If the classification is performed according to the terminal group, the PRACH classification information may be as shown in table 3;
| terminal grouping sequence number | Corresponding PRACH number |
| 0 (grouping 0) | Bit map[16] |
| 1 (grouping 1) | Bit map[16] |
| 2 (grouping 2) | Bit map[16] |
| 3 (group 3) | Bit map[16] |
| …… | …… |
TABLE 3
If the PRACH is classified according to the access priority, the PRACH classification information may be as shown in table 4.
| Access priority sequence number | Corresponding PRACH number |
| 0 (priority 0) | Bit map[16] |
| 1 (priority 1) | Bitmap[16] |
| 2 (priority 2) | Bit map[16] |
| 3 (priority 3) | Bit map[16] |
| …… | …… |
TABLE 4
Step 302: the NodeB sends the PRACH classification information to a terminal;
specifically, the NodeB adds the PRACH classification information to system information for broadcasting, and the terminal obtains the PRACH classification information by reading the system information;
further, the PRACH classification information may be added to existing system information; new system information may also be defined, in which the PRACH classification information is placed;
or, the NodeB sends the classification information of the PRACH to a terminal through paging;
further, the NodeB may send the PRACH classification information to the packet terminal through packet paging (group paging), which may reduce signaling overhead.
Step 303: the terminal selects corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access;
specifically, when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to a terminal feature type appointed for use by a node b, a classification to which the terminal feature type of the terminal itself belongs in the PRACH classification information is inquired, a corresponding PRACH is found according to the classification, the terminal reads configuration information of the PRACH from a system message, and a prefix is constructed according to a scrambling code and a signature in the configuration information of the PRACH to initiate random access;
when the terminal feature type in the PRACH classification information corresponds to multiple PRACH, one of the available PRACH may be selected arbitrarily.
In summary, by classifying the PRACH according to the terminal feature class, different PRACH may be allocated to terminals with different terminal feature classes, so as to avoid the influence of intensive access of M2M terminals on the access of H2H terminals, and ensure that the wireless access of H2H terminals meets the QoS requirements.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A method for accessing a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), the method comprising:
the network element of the access network sets PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
and the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access.
2. The access method of claim 1, wherein the access network element sets PRACH classification information according to a terminal feature class as: the network element of the access network classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, one or more than one PRACH is respectively configured for each classification, and the terminal characteristic category and the corresponding PRACH information are used as PRACH classification information.
3. The access method according to claim 2, wherein said classifying according to at least one terminal feature class is: at least one of the following is included: classifying according to terminal type, classifying according to calling service type, classifying according to terminal grouping and classifying according to access priority.
4. The access method of claim 1, wherein the sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal is: adding the PRACH classification information into system information for broadcasting; or sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal through paging.
5. The access method according to claim 4, wherein the adding of the PRACH classification information to system information is: adding the PRACH classification information into the existing system information; or defining new system information, and placing the PRACH classification information in the new system information.
6. The access method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises: and the access network element configures a special scrambling code for each PRACH.
7. The access method according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature category to initiate random access: when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal characteristic category appointed to be used by an access network element, the terminal characteristic category of the terminal is inquired about the category of the terminal characteristic category in the PRACH category information, the corresponding PRACH is found according to the category, the terminal reads the configuration information of the PRACH from the system information, and the random access is initiated according to the scrambling code and the signature structure prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
8. An access system for a PRACH, the system comprising: an access network element and a terminal; wherein,
the access network element is used for setting PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and sending the PRACH classification information to the terminal;
and the terminal is used for selecting corresponding PRACH from the PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category of the terminal to initiate random access.
9. The access system of claim 8, wherein the access network element comprises: a setting unit and a sending unit; wherein,
a setting unit for setting PRACH classification information according to the terminal characteristic category and informing the sending unit;
and the sending unit is used for sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal.
10. The access system according to claim 9, wherein said setting unit sets PRACH classification information according to terminal feature class as: the setting unit classifies according to at least one terminal characteristic category, respectively configures one or more PRACH for each classification, and takes the terminal characteristic category and corresponding PRACH information as PRACH classification information.
11. The access system according to claim 9, wherein said setting unit is further configured to configure a dedicated scrambling code for each PRACH.
12. The access system of claim 9, wherein the sending unit sending the PRACH classification information to a terminal is:
the sending unit adds the PRACH classification information to system information for broadcasting; or the sending unit sends the PRACH classification information to the terminal through paging.
13. The access system according to any of claims 8 to 12, wherein the terminal selects a corresponding PRACH initiated random access in the PRACH classification information according to its own terminal feature class as follows: when a terminal needs to initiate random access, according to the terminal characteristic category appointed to be used by an access network element, the classification of the terminal characteristic category in the PRACH classification information is inquired, the corresponding PRACH is searched according to the classification, the configuration information of the PRACH is read from the system information, and the random access is initiated according to the scrambling code and the signature structure prefix in the configuration information of the PRACH.
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| CN104640152B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2019-05-14 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device that M2M coexists with H2H business |
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| WO2019062481A3 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-05-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Random access parameter determination method and device |
| CN109963340A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-02 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Method, equipment and the computer-readable medium postponed for reducing signaling overheads and data |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012022189A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
| CN102378389B (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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