CN102328961A - Precursor of nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive material for lithium ion battery and production method thereof - Google Patents
Precursor of nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive material for lithium ion battery and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102328961A CN102328961A CN201110263741A CN201110263741A CN102328961A CN 102328961 A CN102328961 A CN 102328961A CN 201110263741 A CN201110263741 A CN 201110263741A CN 201110263741 A CN201110263741 A CN 201110263741A CN 102328961 A CN102328961 A CN 102328961A
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Abstract
The invention provides a precursor of a nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive material for a lithium ion battery and a production method thereof. The chemical formula of the precursor of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive material is (Ni[1-x-y]CoxMny)Odelta, wherein 0.5<delta<1.5, 0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0<x+y<1, the average particle size D50 is 5-15mu m, apparent density is larger than or equal to 1.8g/cm<3>, and tap density is larger than or equal to 2.5g/cm<3>. The production method of the precursor of the nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive material for the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps: (1) preparing nickel-cobalt-manganese alloy powder; and (2) oxidizing the nickel-cobalt-manganese alloy powder into nickel-cobalt-manganese oxides. The production method has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency, little environment pollution and low production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium ion battery with nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma and working method thereof, specifically, relate to a kind of preparation nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material with high-density nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide and existence method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has specific storage height, Heat stability is good, advantage such as cheap with nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material (ternary material); Be a kind of positive electrode material that substitutes in the cobalt acid lithium material tool potentiality, have good application prospect in power fields such as power truck, power tools.
Existing preparation lithium ion battery mostly is that the nickel cobalt manganese oxyhydroxide that obtains of employing coprecipitation method or carbonate are as precursor with the presoma of ternary material.This presoma pattern is spherical, and median size (D50) is 5 ~ 15 μ m, and density is lower, and loose density is at 1.5 g/cm
3About, tap density is at 1.8 g/cm
3About.Adopt this presoma to prepare ternary material, in follow-up high-temperature calcination reaction process, will decompose a large amount of gas of generation, produce pore, reduce the density of material, influence the volume energy density of material at material internal.Thus, can nickel cobalt manganese oxyhydroxide or the carbonate that deposition obtains be carried out thermolysis, generate nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide as precursor, this precursor more helps in the subsequent processes the further uniform mixing with lithium-containing compound.
CN101284684A discloses a kind of preparation method of nickel-cobalt-lithium manganate precursor of lithium ionic cell positive material, and the chemical constitution of its presoma is (Ni
xCo
yMn
1-x-y)
3O
4, x+y wherein<1, it is characterized in that its preparation process is in the solution that contains soluble nickel salt, cobalt salt, manganese salt, to add the alkali lye that contains ammoniacal liquor to carry out coprecipitation reaction, precipitated product is calcined again, and obtains oxide compound (Ni
xCo
yMn
1-x-y)
3O
4This preparation method, flow process is longer, and production efficiency is lower; In addition, unavoidably produce great amount of wastewater, direct discharging of waste water can cause more serious pollution to environment, and wastewater treatment qualified discharge cost is high, deficiency in economic performance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of technology simple, and production efficiency is high, and environmental pollution is few, high-density nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide and working method thereof that production cost is low.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The present invention's nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide chemical formula is (Ni
1-x-yCo
xMn
y) O
δ, wherein 0.5<δ<1.5,0<x<1,0<y<1,0<x+y<1; Median size D50 is 5 ~ 15 μ m, loose density>=1.8 g/cm
3, tap density>=2.5 g/cm
3
The working method of the present invention's nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
Is the mixed batching of (1-x-y): x:y with metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese according to mol ratio, wherein 0.5 < δ < 1.5,0≤x < 1; 0≤y 1,0 < x+y≤1, put into high-temperature smelting pot then; Having under rare gas element or the nitrogen protection condition; Be warming up to the above temperature fusion of alloy melting point, the granulation that atomizes after the fusion obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
To place band to stir the oxidized still of ventilation through the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained; Stir, stirring velocity is 50 ~ 100 r/min, feeds pressurized air or oxygen; Air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.8 MPa; Material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation, oxidizing temperature is 400 ℃~1000 ℃ (preferred 700 ℃~900 ℃), and oxidization time is 0.5 h~10 h (preferred 1 h~6 h); Product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1 ~ 1.5 m
3/ min, air pressure is 0.8 ~ 1 MPa, being crushed to median size D50 is 5 ~ 15 μ m.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide finished product loose density>=1.8 g/cm
3, tap density>=2.5 g/cm
3
The present invention's lithium ion battery is with ternary material presoma working method; Directly adopt nickel, cobalt, manganese metal as raw material; Process uniform alloy powder through high temperature atomizing, carry out oxidation again and produce, at utmost improve the density of product with the method for lithium compound roasting lithiumation; Solid reaction process for solid-or consolidate-solid/liquid/gas reactions, no liquid phase reaction does not produce any waste water and waste gas, environmental friendliness; Need not filter and drying, technological process is simple, and production efficiency is high; Do not adopt the soluble metallic salt and the complex apparatus system of high price, compare at aspects such as starting material, equipment and manpowers with existing technology and all to have cost advantage; Through the metal melting attitude, can realize the uniform mixing of three kinds of atoms metal levels; The nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide density that makes is big, and controllable granularity satisfies the requirement of anode material for lithium-ion batteries, more helps in the subsequent processes and the further uniform mixing of lithium-containing compound.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 presses the X-ray diffractogram in the method testing process of GB/T19077.1-2008 " sreen analysis laser diffractometry " to nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope diagram of embodiment 1 gained nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further explain.
Said nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of each embodiment or nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide product correlation parameter, granularity D50 are pressed GB/T19077.1-2008 " sreen analysis laser diffractometry " prescriptive procedure and are measured; Loose density is pressed the method for GB/T 5061-1998 " mensuration the 3rd part of metal-powder loose density: vibration funnel method " and is measured; Tap density is pressed GB/T5162-2006 " mensuration of metal-powder tap density " prescriptive procedure and is measured.
Embodiment 1
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma (Ni of present embodiment
1/3Co
1/3Mn
1/3)
3O
4Working method, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
Is nickel with metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese according to mol ratio: the mixed batching of cobalt: manganese=1:1:1; Compound under the nitrogen protection condition, heating and melting, the metal liquid after the fusion is atomized by the elevated pressure nitrogen air-flow; Air pressure is 3 MPa; Flow velocity is 3 kg/min, and the metal-powder after the atomizing solidifies in atomisation tower, sedimentation, fall into and receive the powder jar and collect at last, obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder particles is a regular spherical, and loose density reaches 5.1 g/cm
3, tap density reaches 5.6 g/cm
3Nickel, cobalt, the fusion at high temperature of manganese metal make alloy powder on composition, reach the uniform mixing of atomic level, help the nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide of subsequent preparation high evenness;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
Place band to stir the oxidized still of ventilation in the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained, stir, stirring velocity is 50 r/min; Feed pressurized air, air pressure is 0.7 MPa, material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation; Oxidizing temperature is 900 ℃; Oxidization time is 3 h, and the product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1.5 m
3/ min, air pressure is 0.8 MPa.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide (Ni
1/3Co
1/3Mn
1/3)
3O
4Median size D50 be 15 μ m; Loose density is 2.1 g/cm
3Tap density is 2.7 g/cm
3
Through analyzing, the X-ray diffractogram of this oxidation of precursor thing is as shown in Figure 1, and scanning electron microscope diagram is as shown in Figure 2, and visible by figure, present embodiment gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide has good oxide structure, is even spheroidal particle.
Embodiment 2
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma (Ni of present embodiment
1/3Co
1/3Mn
1/3) O
1.15Working method, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
With metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese is the mixed batching of 1:1:1 according to mol ratio; Compound is under the nitrogen protection condition; Heating and melting, the metal liquid after the fusion is atomized by High-Pressure Water, and hydraulic pressure is 40 MPa; Metal-powder after the atomizing solidifies in atomisation tower, sedimentation, fall into and receive the powder jar and collect at last, obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
This alloy powder powder particle is that loose density reaches 3.3 g/cm
3, tap density reaches 2.4 g/cm
3Nickel, cobalt, the fusion at high temperature of manganese metal make alloy powder on composition, reach the uniform mixing of atomic level, help the nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide of subsequent preparation high evenness;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained is placed the oxidized still of band stirring, stir, stirring velocity is 100 r/min; Feed compressed oxygen, air pressure is 0.5 MPa, material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation; Oxidizing temperature is 1000 ℃; Oxidization time is 0.5 h, and the product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1 m
3/ min, air pressure is 1 MPa.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide (Ni
1/3Co
1/3Mn
1/3) O
1.15Median size D50 be 12 μ m; Loose density is 2.1 g/cm
3Tap density is 2.6 g/cm
3
Embodiment 3
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma (Ni of present embodiment
0.5Co
0.2Mn
0.3) O
0.8Working method, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
With metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese is the mixed batching of 5:2:3 according to mol ratio; Compound under the nitrogen protection condition, heating and melting, the metal liquid after the fusion is atomized by the elevated pressure nitrogen air-flow; Air pressure is 3 MPa; Flow velocity is 4 kg/min, and the metal-powder after the atomizing solidifies in atomisation tower, sedimentation, fall into and receive the powder jar and collect at last, obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder particles is a regular spherical, and loose density reaches 5.0 g/cm
3, tap density reaches 5.3 g/cm
3Nickel, cobalt, the fusion at high temperature of manganese metal make alloy powder on composition, reach the uniform mixing of atomic level, help the nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide of subsequent preparation high evenness;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
Place band to stir the oxidized still of ventilation in the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained, stir, stirring velocity is 80 r/min; Feed pressurized air, air pressure is 0.7 MPa, material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation; Oxidizing temperature is 400 ℃; Oxidization time is 10 h, and the product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1.3 m
3/ min, air pressure is 1 MPa.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide (Ni
0.5Co
0.2Mn
0.3) O
0.8Median size D50 be 5 μ m; Loose density is 1.8 g/cm
3Tap density is 2.5 g/cm
3
Embodiment 4
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma (Ni of present embodiment
0.4Co
0.2Mn
0.4) O
1.05Working method, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
With metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese is the mixed batching of 4:2:4 according to mol ratio; Compound under the nitrogen protection condition, heating and melting, the metal liquid after the fusion is atomized by the elevated pressure nitrogen air-flow; Air pressure is 4 MPa; Flow velocity is 4 kg/min, and the metal-powder after the atomizing solidifies in atomisation tower, sedimentation, fall into and receive the powder jar and collect at last, obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder particles is a regular spherical, and loose density reaches 4.7 g/cm
3, tap density reaches 5.1 g/cm
3Nickel, cobalt, the fusion at high temperature of manganese metal make alloy powder on composition, reach the uniform mixing of atomic level, help the nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide of subsequent preparation high evenness;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained is placed the oxidized still of band stirring, stir, stirring velocity is 80 r/min; Feed compressed oxygen, air pressure is 0.6 MPa, material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation; Oxidizing temperature is 700 ℃; Oxidization time is 1 h, and the product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1 m
3/ min, air pressure is 1 MPa.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide (Ni
0.4Co
0.2Mn
0.4) O
1.05Particle diameter D50 be 8 μ m; Loose density is 1.9 g/cm
3Tap density is 2.5 g/cm
3
Embodiment 5
The nickle cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material presoma (Ni of present embodiment
0.8Co
0.1Mn
0.1) O
0.55Working method, comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder
With metallic nickel, cobalt, manganese is the mixed batching of 8:1:1 according to mol ratio; Compound under the nitrogen protection condition, heating and melting, the metal liquid after the fusion is atomized by the elevated pressure nitrogen air-flow; Air pressure is 4 MPa; Flow velocity is 4 kg/min, and the metal-powder after the atomizing solidifies in atomisation tower, sedimentation, fall into and receive the powder jar and collect at last, obtains the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder;
The nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder particles is a regular spherical, and loose density reaches 4.7 g/cm
3, tap density reaches 5.2 g/cm
3Nickel, cobalt, the fusion at high temperature of manganese metal make alloy powder on composition, reach the uniform mixing of atomic level, help the nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide of subsequent preparation high evenness;
(2) the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder is oxidized to nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide
Place band to stir the oxidized still of ventilation in the nickel cobalt manganese alloy powder of step (1) gained, stir, stirring velocity is 100 r/min; Feed pressurized air, air pressure is 0.5 MPa, material is remained on carry out roasting oxidation under the dynamic situation; Oxidizing temperature is 600 ℃, and oxidization time is 6 h; Product after the oxidation changes airflow milling at last over to and carries out break process, and air consumption is 1.5 m
3/ min, air pressure is 0.9 MPa.
Gained nickel, cobalt and manganese oxide (Ni
0.8Co
0.1Mn
0.1) O
0.55Median size D50 be 10 μ m; Loose density is 2.2 g/cm
3Tap density is 2.8 g/cm
3
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Application publication date: 20120125 |