Embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing that the embodiment of the invention is done to describe in detail further below.
The utmost point of the present invention abrupt slope punching afforestation method, its preferable embodiment comprises step as shown in Figure 1:
At first, on domatic, confirm the quantity and the specification of punching afforestation, and lay the position of the drilling point of afforesting;
Then, according to the drilling point position of laying, perpendicular to the domatic implantation hole of beating, said implantation hole is broken said domatic dry ground layer; Afterwards, adopt following one or more kinds method for planting in implantation hole, to plant forest: capsuled seed afforestation seeding, container seedling tree planting, the tree planting of long root container seedling.
The kind method for planting of said capsuled seed afforestation seeding comprises:
At first, goal tree kind seed is carried out Cotton seeds;
Then, after 4~6% the ratio that accounts for mixture weight according to water-loss reducer is mixed water-loss reducer and table soil, said implantation hole of backfill and compacting, the backfill amount is 20~30% of an implantation hole volume;
Afterwards, backfill accounts for the table soil of implantation hole volume 10~20% again, and broadcasts into capsuled seed, and earthing is to the domatic 8~10cm of distance subsequently.
The kind method for planting of said capsuled seed afforestation seeding is applicable to sowing in rainy season or sowing when the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, soil did not form frozen soil layer, perhaps the local sowing in spring of irrigation conditions is being arranged.
The kind method for planting of said container seedling tree planting comprises:
At first, after 4~6% the ratio that accounts for mixture weight according to water-loss reducer is mixed water-loss reducer and table soil, said implantation hole of backfill and compacting, the backfill amount is 10~20% of an implantation hole volume;
Afterwards, container seedling to be planted is planted in implantation hole, planting depth is as the criterion with nursery stock upper end and domatic maintaining an equal level, and the nursery stock thickness of earth-fill cover is apart from domatic 8~10cm.
The kind method for planting of said long root container seedling tree planting comprises:
At first, afforesting preceding 1 or 2 year, is culture matrix with the mixture of water-loss reducer, peat composed of rotten mosses ash, fertilizer, vermiculite; Choose annual nursery seedling or the capsuled seed of afforestation target seeds; Plant in highly being in the container of 30~50cm, make the abundant elongation growth of its root system, form the deep-rootedness container seedling;
Then, in implantation hole, directly add the water-loss reducer about 3~5g, the long root container seedling that will cultivate is subsequently planted in implantation hole, an amount of earthing, and thickness of earth-fill cover is apart from domatic 8~10cm.
The present invention is primarily aimed at precipitous soil-slope, and precipitous soil-slope mainly is meant utmost point sty that soil erosion ditch slope that nature forms or artificial disturbance form and because the soil property that excavation forms when building highway, railway is domatic.
On utmost point sty, the degree of depth of dry ground layer is the main foundation of decision planting depth, and the root system of plant on the utmost point sty only penetrates the dry ground layer, could guarantee the soil moisture of utilizing deep layer of vegetation root system continuous and effective.Utmost point sty for the loess plateau; There is certain difference in, formation time its dry ground layer thickness high because of aspect, the slope on utmost point abrupt slope; Be generally 30-40cm; The degree of depth of implantation hole is greater than 40cm; Can be so that the abrupt slope root system of plant passes the dry ground layer; This is the conclusion that utmost point abrupt slope investigation draws in the loess plateau, this implantation hole degree of depth confirm the result that the applicant repeatedly tests and adds up.Because the difference of soil property, the degree of depth of punching in other areas will vary in different localities, all in the application's protection domain.The target of punching is to penetrate top layer, abrupt slope dry ground layer, makes abrupt slope green plants root system can absorb deep soil moisture under the dry ground layer of top layer, abrupt slope.Therefore key technology of the present invention is to punch the degree of depth greater than (passing) top layer, abrupt slope dry ground layer, does not relate in this existing abrupt slope afforestation technology.
The utmost point of the present invention abrupt slope punching afforestation method, be used for that nature forms or artificial disturbance forms extremely domatic and because the domatic afforestation of soil property that excavation forms when building highway, railway.Through the dark planting technology that punches, broken abrupt slope topsoil dry ground layer, make the abrupt slope vegetation root system can absorb deep soil moisture.When guaranteeing solid slope protection, improved the stability of vegetation storage rate and plant growing, solve the technical bottleneck problem of abrupt slope afforestation project poor stability effectively.
Carry out detailed description below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, at first, according to different view configuration requirements, confirm the quantity and the specification of punching afforestation on domatic, rationally lay the position of afforestation drilling point; Then; According to the some position of laying; Use the punching machine; Perpendicular to domatic punching; The degree of depth generally is not less than 30-40cm; Accomplish the afforestation punching, specifically plant method for planting and can be divided into capsuled seed afforestation seeding, container seedling tree planting and 3 kinds of methods of long root container seedling tree planting, carry out detailed elaboration below respectively:
1, the kind method for planting of capsuled seed afforestation seeding, as shown in Figure 2:
(1) according to national forest tree seed grade scale, filters out the one-level forest tree seed, and select for use the forest tree seed coated formula that can improve seed resistance, germination rate and have higher stability that the target seeds are carried out dressing;
(2) account for 4~6% ratio of mixture weight according to water-loss reducer, water-loss reducer and table soil are mixed, and backfill compacting, the backfill amount is 20~30% of an implantation hole volume;
(3) backfill accounts for the table soil of implantation hole volume 10~20%, and broadcasts into capsuled seed, and earthing forms the gathering ground of certain space to apart from domatic 8~10cm subsequently, accomplishes sowing;
The method is fit to sowing in rainy season or sowing when the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, soil did not form frozen soil layer, can sow in spring on the ground that irrigation conditions is arranged.
2, the kind method for planting of container seedling tree planting, as shown in Figure 3:
(1) account for 4~6% ratio of mixture weight according to water-loss reducer, water-loss reducer and table soil are mixed, and backfill compacting, the backfill amount is 10~20% of an implantation hole volume;
(2) will treat that container seedling plants in implantation hole, planting depth is as the criterion with nursery stock upper end and domatic maintaining an equal level, and the nursery stock thickness of earth-fill cover forms the gathering ground of certain space apart from domatic 8~10cm, accomplishes transplanted seedling tree.
3, the kind method for planting of long root container seedling tree planting, as shown in Figure 4:
(1) afforestation is preceding 1 or 2 year; With materials such as water-loss reducer, peat composed of rotten mosses ash, fertilizer, vermiculites is culture matrix; Choose the annual nursery seedling of afforestation target seeds robust growth or have good resistance, capsuled seed that germination rate is high; Plant in highly being in the container of 30~50cm; Make the abundant elongation growth of its root system, form the deep-rootedness container seedling;
(2) in implantation hole, directly add water-loss reducer about 3~5g, will cultivate long root container seedling subsequently and plant in implantation hole, earthing in right amount, completion transplanted seedling tree.
The invention solves the low technical bottleneck problem of afforestation storage rate of all kinds of utmost point sties such as abrupt slope that form in erosion gully slope, loess plateau, the constructing road process, for the abrupt slope water and soil loss of the control utmost point, solid slope protection provide reliable guidance.The punching survival rate and has formed good landscape effect up to more than 90%.
Specific embodiment one:
The very lucky ditch basin in the Wuqi County, Shaanxi Province, it is domatic for afforestation to choose the utmost point abrupt slope of newly repairing mountain highway formation, and the domatic gradient does not wait by 50~80 °.Punching afforestation seeding row spacing is 50 * 50cm; The implantation hole diameter is 12cm; Lay the single punch point according to flowing water type, reproducting tree species are chosen caragana microphylla (Caragana Korshinskii Kom.), Chinese tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis Lour.), gold leaf common bluebeard (Caryopteris clandonensis ' Worcester Gold ') for planting seeds.At first, dispose the some position of each hole point of mark in advance, count according to punching and add up the quantity of each reproducting tree species with the view requirement according to preset view; Then, according to the some position of laying, use the punching machine, perpendicular to domatic punching, the degree of depth is 40cm, accomplishes afforestation successively according to following steps then:
1, account for 10% ratio of mixture weight according to water-loss reducer, the earth mixture that water-loss reducer and puncher are taken out, and backfill compacting, the backfill amount is 25% of an implantation hole volume, promptly is backfilled to the position of 12.5cm at the bottom of the hole;
2, will wait to plant potted plant seedling and take out in basin together with culture matrix in the basin is whole, and plant in implantation hole, planting depth is as the criterion with nursery stock upper end and domatic maintaining an equal level, and the nursery stock thickness of earth-fill cover forms the gathering ground of certain space apart from domatic 10cm, accomplishes transplanted seedling tree;
3, plant after, water once permeable.
After planting 2 years, the survival rate of investigating various nursery stocks is all more than 90%, and forms good view allocative effect.
The above; Only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any technical staff who is familiar with the present technique field is in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; The variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.