CN102301137B - Valve actuation system for a suction valve of a gas compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention refers to a system for actuation in an ad mission valve (5) of a gas compressor (1) comprising at least: one set formed by a cylinder (2) and a piston (3); one electric motor (4), operatively associated with said set, capable of providing an axial movement of the piston (3) to compress the gas inside the cylinder (2), the admission valve (5) being configured to allow the input of gas inside the cylinder (2) upon the axial movement of the piston (3) in a first axial direction; and a discharge valve (6) con not figured to allow the output of gas from inside the cylinder (2) upon the axial movement of the piston (3) in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction. The system comprises at least one actuator element (7), operatively associated with the admission valve (5), capable of keeping the admission valve (5) open when the electric motor (4) stops and starts-up. The actuator element (7) is also capable of allowing opening and closing of the admission valve (5) upon the regime of work of the electric motor (4). The present invention also refers to a gas compressor (1 ) which comprises the above-mentioned system. The present invention also refers to a refrigeration equipment which comprises the above-mentioned gas compressor (1 ).

Description

System actuated in the intake valve of a gas compressor

technical field

The invention relates to a system for actuation in an intake valve of a gas compressor. More specifically, the present invention relates to systems that allow start-up under conditions when the suction pressure (input) and discharge pressure (output) in a gas compressor are not balanced.

Background technique

Today it is common to use sets of pistons (plungers) and cylinders driven by electric motors for example in gas compressors for refrigeration equipment such as industrial/commercial/domestic refrigerators, freezers and air conditioning units .

In these types of compressors, an electric motor drives a piston, which in turn moves within a cylinder in an axial oscillating (back and forth) motion to compress and decompress gas. Usually, in the top cover of this cylinder, valves for suction and discharge of gas are placed, which regulate the input of gas at low pressure and the output of gas at high pressure from inside the cylinder, respectively. The axial movement of the piston inside the compressor cylinder compresses the gas entering through the suction valve, raising its pressure and expelling it through the discharge valve to a high pressure area. Alternatively, there are various configurations of compressors in which the suction valve is positioned above the piston itself.

Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the input pressure (suction) of a gas compressor and its output pressure (discharge), where curve ER represents a standard curve for a refrigeration plant and curve C represents a compressor operating in isolation from any refrigeration plant or system standard curve. It is worth noting that the curve ER represents the pull down phase of the compressor (the time when the internal temperature of the refrigeration unit drops until it reaches a pre-established temperature or the time elapsed from the start of the compressor until it reaches operating conditions) performance of refrigeration equipment.

Line P represents the equilibrium pressure of the system taking into account the gas load and room temperature. It is worth noting that in line P, the suction pressure (input) and discharge pressure (output) are the same. Therefore, if the relationship between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure is not compatible with the line P when starting the compressor, there will be a locked rotor situation, i.e. the compressor will not be able to start even when energized, and thus the refrigeration unit will not work as expected.

In curve ER it can be seen that the discharge pressure increases rapidly until it reaches about 11 bar, whereas the suction pressure decreases at a slower rate until about 3.5 bar. From this point (at the first inflection point of the curve), the discharge pressure increases at a slower rate to a maximum value of about 14 bar (second inflection point) and then to (third inflection point), slowly decreasing until the permanent operating value. During this phase, the suction pressure begins to decrease rapidly until a value of approximately 1.3 bar, followed by a slow increase again with the discharge pressure, reaching a peak of approximately 1.9 bar, from where it decreases gently until equilibrium conditions (operating conditions) are achieved.

In the situation where curve ER interrupts curve C, there is an undesired situation of compressor tipping once the electric motor does not have enough torque to provide correct operation of the compressor. This interruption (intersection) may occur between the instant of compressor start-up and the first point of inflection of the curve ER. After capsizing, the motor stops working and the relationship between suction and discharge pressure will not follow line P, and therefore the motor rotor will be blocked and the compressor will not be able to start. It is only possible to start the compressor when the suction and discharge pressures are equalized, ie when the relationship between these pressures coincides with the line P.

Therefore, problems are often noticed in the electric motor of the compressor when the compressor capsizes while descending. Furthermore, in this condition of a locked rotor, a thermal protector of the electric motor would be required, which is clearly an undesirable situation.

Furthermore, when the electrical power supply to the compressor is momentarily interrupted, the suction pressure will not equalize the discharge pressure (condition established by line P) and thus the compressor will not be able to start. For this reason, a thermal protector for the electric motor will be required, and it will be necessary to wait a certain time for the suction and discharge pressures to equalize.

Therefore, in view of all the above-mentioned problems, electric motors for compressors are currently oversized in order to place curve C far from curve ER so that their operation is not impaired, and it is therefore necessary to use motors with higher performance, more expensive and also A motor that takes up more space (oversizes the motor to avoid the intersection between curves C and ER).

Furthermore, given that the compressor is usually positioned on a spring, it is common to experience excessive vibration and high levels of noise from the compressor when the motor is switched off (stopping), mainly from motor shocks on the housing, otherwise when required due to inertial forces Whereas the movement of the piston does not stop immediately when stopped, the piston is always trying to compress the gas. However, after a certain time, this inertial force is no longer sufficient to provide the opening/closing of the valve. Therefore, the gas remains inside the cylinder, and thus its compression is not performed properly and gently, causing the compressor to vibrate undesirably. For this reason, many compressors have a housing with oversized outer dimensions in order to place it as far as possible from the motor in order to avoid impacts on it. However, this oversize of the housing makes it difficult to transport the compressor and requires more space for installing it inside the refrigeration appliance. Furthermore, the resulting space between the housing and the motor makes it easier to separate the internals, parts and components of the compressor when transporting.

Document US 2007/272890 discloses a valve comprising an electromagnetic actuator with a solenoid. The solenoid includes at least one core and an anchor plate, wherein the core is an "E" shaped core or a "U" shaped core. The solenoid also includes at least one coil disposed within the core and connected to the power electronics package to supply current to the coil. The actuator also includes a plunger connected to the anchor plate and at least one spring configured to guide the plunger. The opening and closing of the valve is controlled by passing current through the coil and the valve is used in compressors.

Document US 2004/086406 discloses a hermetic compressor comprising a cylinder block with a cylinder in which a piston reciprocates; a cylinder head connected to the cylinder block to seal the cylinder, said cover having an inlet hole and It is divided by a partition into a first and a second discharge chamber serving as an outlet path. A valve assembly is formed between the cylinder block and the cylinder head, the valve assembly controls the flow of refrigerant in and out of the cylinder according to the differential refrigeration pressure inside and outside the cylinder.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a system that can be actuated on the inlet valve of a gas compressor of a refrigeration plant in order to prevent or release the compression and decompression of the gas in order to avoid the need for its motor to be oversized (compressor projection (project) can focus on the area of the curve ER after the third inflection point).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that prevents the compressor from tipping during its descent phase.

Also, another object of the present invention is to provide a system capable of avoiding a locked rotor condition of an electric motor, allowing to start the compressor and reducing the frequency of requests to the thermal protector of said motor.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a system capable of gently stopping the compressor in order to avoid its vibrations, undesired noises and damage to internal components, without requiring its housing to be oversized.

The objects of the present invention are met by providing a system for actuating an intake valve in a gas compressor comprising at least: a set formed by a cylinder and a piston; operatively connected with said set an associated electric motor capable of providing axial movement of the piston to compress gas inside the cylinder, the intake valve being configured to allow input of gas inside the cylinder upon axial movement of the piston in a first axial direction; and a discharge valve configured to allow gas to exit the cylinder interior upon axial movement of the piston in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction. The system includes at least one actuation element operatively associated with an intake valve. The system also includes at least one first primary movable element operatively associated with the rotor of the electric motor. The system also includes at least one second primary movable element operatively associated with the first primary movable element and with the actuating element. The interaction between the first primary movable element and the second primary movable element keeps the intake valve open when the electric motor is stopped and started and also allows opening and closing of the intake valve during the power state of the electric motor . The first primary movable element and the second primary movable element are configured to interact with each other to keep the intake valve open when the electric motor is stopped and started and also to allow opening and closing of the intake valve during work mode of the electric motor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system comprises at least one elastic element (first main movable element) having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elastic element being associated with a second axis, the second axis Operably associated with the shaft or rotor of the electric motor, the elastic element is capable of decompression during work conditions of the electric motor, and the elastic element is capable of compression when the electric motor is stopped or started. The system also includes at least one semi-arched element (second main movable element) associated with the second end of the elastic element, said semi-arched element capable of being angled in a first angular direction upon decompression of the elastic element Moving, the semi-arched element is angularly movable in a second angular direction opposite to the first angular direction upon compression of the elastic element. The system includes at least one auxiliary element operatively associated with the semi-arched element and with the actuating element, the second auxiliary element being capable of pivoting in a first axial direction when the semi-arched element moves in a first angular direction. The auxiliary element is movable axially in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction to push the actuating element when the semi-arc element moves in a second angular direction.

In an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, the system comprises at least one first magnetic element for dragging (first primary movable element) operatively associated with the rotor of the electric motor, for dragging The first magnetic element can move axially in a first axial direction when the electric motor is working, and the first magnetic element for drag can move axially in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction when the rotor of the electric motor is stopped. The two axes move axially. The system includes at least one movable arm (second main movable element) operatively associated with a first magnetic element for dragging and with an actuating element The element is angularly movable in a first angular direction to pull the actuating element when displaced in a first axial direction, and the movable arm is displaced in a second axial direction by the first magnetic element for pulling Sometimes it is angularly movable in a second angular direction opposite to the first angular direction to push the actuating element.

In an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, the system comprises at least one second magnetic element for drag (first main movable element) operable with the second element of the electric drive and with the rotor of the electric motor Ground-related, the second magnetic element used for dragging can move axially in the first direction to start the second element of the electric drive under the work condition of the electric motor, and the second magnetic element used for dragging The rotor of the motor is axially movable in a second direction opposite the first axial direction to deactivate the second element of the electric drive. The system includes at least one second electromechanical element (second primary movable element) operatively associated with the second element of the electric drive and with the actuating element, the second electromechanical element being able to Axially movable in a first axial direction to pull the actuating element, the second electromechanical element is axially movable in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction to push the actuating element when deactivating the second element of the electronic drive Moving components.

Description of drawings

The invention will be described further in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating curves relating to suction pressure and discharge pressure of a gas compressor;

Figure 2 shows a partial schematic view of the internal parts of a gas compressor;

Figure 3 represents a side sectional view of a gas compressor comprising a system for actuation in its intake valve according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 represents an enlarged view of detail A shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows an enlarged view of detail B shown in Figure 4;

Figure 6 shows a top view of the gas compressor schematically shown in Figure 3;

Figure 7 shows an enlarged view of detail C shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 represents a side sectional view of a gas compressor comprising a system for actuation in its intake valve according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 shows an enlarged view of detail D shown in Figure 8;

Figure 10 shows an enlarged view of detail E shown in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a simplified schematic diagram of the view illustrated in Figure 9;

Figure 12 represents a top view of the system schematically illustrated in Figure 8;

Figure 13 shows an enlarged view of detail F shown in Figure 12;

Figure 14 represents a side sectional view of a gas compressor comprising a system for actuation in its intake valve according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 15 shows an enlarged view of detail G shown in Figure 14;

Figure 16 is a simplified schematic diagram of the view illustrated in Figure 15;

Figure 17 shows a top view of the system illustrated in Figure 14;

Figure 18 shows an enlarged view of detail H shown in Figure 17; and

Figure 19 is a simplified schematic illustration of the view illustrated in Figure 18;

Figure 20 represents a side sectional view of a gas compressor comprising a system for actuation in its intake valve according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 21 shows an enlarged view of detail I shown in Figure 20;

Figure 22 is a simplified schematic diagram of the view illustrated in Figure 21;

Figure 23 represents a top view of the system illustrated in Figure 20;

Figure 24 shows an enlarged view of detail J shown in Figure 23; and

FIG. 25 is a simplified schematic diagram of the view illustrated in FIG. 24 .

Detailed ways

Piston and cylinder kit driven by motor

Figure 2 illustrates a partial schematic view of the interior of a gas compressor 1 according to the invention. The gas compressor 1 comprises a package formed by a cylinder 2 and a piston 3 , operatively associated with an electric motor 4 capable of providing axial movement of the piston 3 , thus allowing the gas to be compressed within the cylinder 2 .

Preferably, the gas comprises a cooling fluid such as SUVA MP66 or SUVA MP39 produced by the manufacturer Dupont. In other applications of the cylinder 2 and piston 3 set, it is possible to handle other types of fluids, such as water. The gas compressor may be of the plunger type (eg, linear stroke), rotary type, or any other type suitable for the application.

The electric motor 4 comprises at least one rotor 25 , a shaft 33 and a coil associated with each other. The coils of the electric motor 4 can provide the drive (rotation) of the rotor 25 and thus the shaft 33 when supplied with electricity. This rotation of the rotor 25 allows an axial displacement of the piston 3 within the cylinder 2 .

The cylinder 2 comprises at its upper end a valve plate, also called a top cover 34, with an inlet valve 5 configured to allow the input of gas at low pressure to the cylinder 2 upon axial movement of the piston 3 in a first axial direction internal. Preferably, the intake valve 5 comprises a sleeve formed by a first hole 35 and a first plate 36 . This first plate 36 is movable towards reaching the first hole 35 (in the direction of arrow r shown in FIG. 2 ) upon axial movement of the piston 3 in the first axial direction and is capable of The axial movement of the second axial movement in the opposite direction moves so as to move away from the first hole 35 . Thus, the first plate 36 acts to close or open the first hole 35 to prevent or allow the entry (suction or passage) of gas inside the cylinder 2, respectively.

The top cover 34 also has a discharge valve 6 configured to allow high pressure gas to be output from inside the cylinder 2 upon axial movement of the piston 3 in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction. Also preferably, the outlet valve 6 comprises a sleeve formed by the second hole 42 and the second plate 37 .

Alternatively, other types and configurations of valves may be used as appropriate for the application.

Thus, the piston 3 moves inside the cylinder 2 in an oscillating (back and forth) motion, compressing the gas entering the interior of the cylinder 2 through the intake valve 5 to a point where it can be discharged to the high pressure side through the discharge valve 6 .

The operation of the gas compressor 1 consists of three main phases:

i) Start-up: At this time the electric motor 4 is driven, and the rotation of the rotor 25 gradually increases until it reaches the rotation for doing work.

ii) Working condition: At this time, the gas compressor 2 operates under a basically stable condition (working condition). Preferably, in this condition, the rotor 25 and shaft 33 rotate at approximately 3000 RPM.

iii) Stop: At this point the electric motor 4 is deactivated and the rotation of the rotor 25 gradually decreases until it reaches zero.

The system for actuation in the intake valve of the gas compressor for the purpose of the present invention works actively in phases i) and iii), that is, when the gas compressor 1 is started and stopped (impeding the compression and decompression of the gas ). In phase ii), the system works passively, allowing regular operation/running of the gas compressor 1 (compression and depressurization of the release gas).

Such a system comprises at least one actuating element 7 operatively associated with the intake valve 5 . The actuating element 7 is able to keep the intake valve 5 open when the electric motor 4 is stopped and started. Furthermore, the actuating element 7 is able to allow the opening and closing of the intake valve 5 during the work mode of the electric motor 4 .

Preferably, the actuation element 7 comprises a (straight, curved or bent) rod which can be pulled or pushed in order to allow the first plate 36 to move towards or away from the first hole 35 respectively.

Therefore, when the compressor is in its regular operating mode (working mode), the torque required by its motor is the normal working torque, which corresponds to a regular working rotation (eg, about 3500 RPM). However, during descent or in any other critical condition where higher torque is required, the rotation of the compressor motor will be reduced relative to regular power rotation. If this rotation is reduced to a certain value corresponding to the capsizing torque value (for example, around 3000 RPM), the compressor will tend to capsize (stop). Therefore, the system of the present invention is configured to actuate in situations where the rotation of the motor corresponds to the overturning torque, allowing the compressor to resume its regular work rotation (work regime) in order to overcome the critical condition. Thus, the system proposed by the present invention prevents the compressor from capsizing, ie the system allows the compressor to operate normally even in these critical conditions. For this reason, it is not necessary to oversize the compressor motor.

Furthermore, the system reduces the frequency of requests of the thermal protector of the motor of the gas compressor 1 when the supply of electrical power is momentarily interrupted, thus preventing its combustion after avoiding a locked rotor condition.

Furthermore, the system provides a soft stop of the gas compressor 1 in order to avoid its vibrations, undesired noise and damage to the internal components, since the gas is no longer held due to the inlet valve 5 being still open during the stop of the gas compressor 1 and Confined inside cylinder 2.

Next, some preferred methods of controlling the actuation element 7 will be described in order to fulfill the object of the present invention.

first preferred embodiment

As can be seen from Figures 3 to 7, in this first preferred embodiment, the system for actuation also comprises at least one elastic element 8 (first main movable element), one semi-arched element 9 ( second main movable element) and an auxiliary element 18, which are all operatively related. The auxiliary element 18 is also operatively associated with the actuating element 7 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the elastic element 8 , the semi-arch element 9 and the auxiliary element 18 are arranged on a support plate 19 capable of supporting the aforementioned elements.

The elastic element 8 has a first end 43 related to the second shaft 21 , which in turn is operatively related to the rotor 25 or the shaft 33 of the electric motor 4 . The second shaft 21 passes through the hole comprised by the support plate 19 . Preferably, the elastic element 8 comprises a spring having a stoichiometric spring constant suitable for the application.

As can be seen from FIG. 4 , the auxiliary element 18 has a “U” shaped cavity comprising the opening 10 , the first side wall 11 and the second side wall 12 . The auxiliary element 18 can consist, for example, of a plastic material.

Also according to FIG. 4 , the half-arc element 9 has at least one right-angled projection 13 associated with the auxiliary element 18 through the opening 10 . According to FIG. 7 , the semi-arched element 9 has a first end 22 and a second end 23 which can be joined (hinged) on the support plate 19 .

The elastic element 8 also has a second end 44 associated with the semi-arch element 9 . Thus, the elastic element 8 is decompressed or compressed according to the rotational speed of the rotor 25 so as to push or pull the semi-arched element 9 through the second end 44 which is also due to the rotation of the rotor 25 (arrow in FIG. 7 t indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor 25) to move angularly. Thus, the semi-arched element 9 is able to perform two simultaneous movements when the electric motor 4 is driven: a rotational movement (by rotating the rotor 25) and an axial radial movement (by decompression/compression of the elastic element 8), resulting in An angular movement away from the second axis 21 when decompressing the elastic element 8 or an angular movement close to the second axis 21 when compressing the elastic element 8 . In view of this, this first embodiment is based on the centrifugal principle.

More specifically, the elastic element 8 is able to decompress during the work mode of the electric motor 4 to allow the movement of the semi-arched element 9 in a first angular direction (which is away from the second axis 21 ). The movement of the semi-arched element 9 in the first angular direction allows an axial displacement of the auxiliary element 18 in the first axial direction (the displacement in the first axial direction is indicated by the arrow s in FIG. 7. In this case, the right-angled projection 13 of the semi-arched element 9 exerts pressure (force or tension) onto the first side wall 11 of the auxiliary element 18 . In this condition the intake valve 5 is thus released by the system to allow its operation according to the oscillating (back and forth) movement of the piston 3 .

On the other hand, the elastic element 8 is compressible when the electric motor 4 is stopped, to allow the movement of the semi-arched element 9 in a second angular direction opposite to the first angular direction. The movement of the semi-arc element 9 in the second angular direction allows an axial displacement of the auxiliary element 18 in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction in order to push the actuating element 7 . In this case, the right-angled projection 13 of the semi-arched element 9 exerts pressure (force or tension) on the second side wall 12 of the auxiliary element 18 . Therefore, in this situation, the intake valve 5 remains open (in the sense that the first plate 36 is pressed away from the first hole 35), thus allowing gas to enter inside the cylinder 2 in order to avoid high pressure in the gas compressor 1 pressure/temperature.

It is worth noting that the elastic element 8 remains compressed until it is necessary to start the motor, then only at this time the elastic element will decompress.

The system also comprises a bistable device 14 , as schematically shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , associated with the auxiliary element 18 and with the actuating element 7 . Such a bistable device 14 arranged between the auxiliary element 18 and the actuating element 7 comprises at least:

- a first limiting element 15;

- a second limiting element 16, which is arranged substantially parallel to the first limiting element 15. Preferably, the first limiting element 15 and the second limiting element 16 are integrated into a metal sheet/plate shaped as a single piece; and

- a bistable magnetic element 17 associated with the first limiting element 15 and with the second limiting element 16. Preferably, the bistable magnetic element 17 comprises a permanent magnet.

The bistable magnetic element 17 is stably associated with the first limiting element 15 , ending with the establishment of a displacement of the auxiliary element 18 in the first axial direction. On the other hand, the bistable magnetic element 17 can be associated with the second limiting element 16 in order to establish the end of the displacement of the auxiliary element 18 in the second axial direction. In both cases, the kit formed by the elastic element 8 , the semi-arch element 9 and the auxiliary element 18 remains stable.

The main role of the bistable device 14 is therefore to avoid fluctuations of the actuating element 7 (rod), thereby keeping the system stable so that the intake valve 5 does not open or close at inappropriate moments, which could be impair its performance and efficiency.

The system also comprises at least one damper element 20 arranged on the support plate 19 . Such a damper element 20 is associated with the first end 22 of the semi-arched element 9 , ending in establishing an angular movement of the semi-arched element 9 in a second angular direction.

Second preferred embodiment

As can be seen from Figures 8 to 13, in this second preferred embodiment, the system for actuation also comprises at least one first magnetic element 24 (first main movable element) for dragging ) and the movable arm 26 (second primary movable element), which are operatively related to each other. The movable arm 26 is also operatively related to the actuating element 7 by means of a connecting rod 48 . The first magnetic element 24 for drag preferably comprises a permanent magnet.

More specifically, the movable arm 26 has a first end 27 that is operatively associated with a first magnetic element 24 for dragging that is capable of Pressure is exerted on said first end 27 . The movable arm 26 also has a second end 28 operatively associated with the actuating element 7 , capable of exerting pressure (applying force or tension) on the actuating element 7 .

The first magnetic element 24 for drag (which is operatively associated with the rotor 25 of the electric motor 4 ) can be used in the working condition of the electric motor 4 (arrow u in FIG. 12 indicates the direction of rotation of the rotor 25 ) at the second An axial direction (the arrow v in Fig. 13 indicates the first axial direction of displacement) moves axially. Displacement of the first magnetic element 24 for dragging in a first axial direction allows an angular movement of the movable arm 26 in a first angular direction to pull the actuation element 7 . In this condition the intake valve 5 is thus released by the system to allow its operation according to the oscillating (back and forth) movement of the piston 3 .

On the other hand, when the rotor 25 of the electric motor 4 is stopped, the first magnetic element 24 for dragging can move axially in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction. Displacement of the first magnetic element 24 for dragging in this second axial direction allows an angular movement of the movable arm 26 in a second angular direction opposite to the first angular direction to push the actuating element 7 . Therefore, in this condition, the intake valve 5 remains open (the first plate 36 is pressed in a direction away from the first hole 35), thus allowing the gas inside the cylinder 2 to return (enter), so as to avoid 1 high pressure/temperature.

Thus, when the first magnetic element 24 for dragging is displaced in the first or second axial direction, the second end 28 of the movable arm 26 moves opposite to the movement of the first end 27 of the movable arm 26. Axial movement in the direction of .

It is worth noting that when starting the gas compressor 1 the configuration of the first magnetic element 24 for drag, the movable arm 26 and the actuating element 7 is the same as when stopping the gas compressor 1 because the rotor 25 remains At rest, so that the actuating element 7 remains pushed.

The system also comprises a first monostable device 29 arranged between the first magnetic element 24 for dragging and the movable arm 26 . The first monostable device 29 has at least a first top limiter 30 and a first magnetic monostable element 31 associated with each other. The first top limiter 30 comprises a metal sheet or plate.

The first magnetic monostable element 31 is stably associated with the first top limiter 30 , ending with the establishment of a displacement of the first magnetic element 24 for drag in the first axial direction.

Similarly, the main role of the first monostable device 31 is the same as that of the bistable device 14 of the first preferred embodiment, namely, to avoid fluctuations of the actuating element 7 (rod), thereby maintaining the stability of the system so that further The gas valve 4 will not open or close at inappropriate times, which would impair its performance and efficiency.

Furthermore, optionally, it is also possible to use a bistable device similar to the one described in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

third preferred embodiment

As can be seen from Figures 14 to 19, in this third preferred embodiment, the system also includes at least one first electromechanical element 32, which is connected to the first element (not shown in the drawings) of the electric drive and is operatively associated with the actuating element 7 .

Preferably, the first electromechanical element 32 comprises an electromagnet capable of moving due to the generation of a magnetic field (magnetic effect) when an electric current is applied. Due to this movement, it is possible to exert pressure (force or tension) on the actuation element 7 in the desired direction.

The first element of the electric drive preferably comprises a relay or a switch allowing the transfer of the current provided by the electric power source. Such relays can be controlled by digital, analog circuits, and even by programmable units such as microcontrollers/microprocessors.

The electrical power source may be a battery, a delivery derivative of the electric motor 4 (eg, a motor stator), or any other type of electrical delivery source suitable for the application, capable of providing sufficient voltage/current to activate/deactivate the first electromechanical element 32 (Electromagnet).

The first electromechanical element 32 is axially movable in a first axial direction by deactivation of the first element of the electric drive (open relay) to pull the actuating element 7 (arrow x in FIG. 16 indicates the first axial direction of displacement). Thus, in this case the intake valve 5 is released by the system to allow its operation according to the oscillating (back and forth) movement of the piston 3 .

On the other hand, the first electromechanical element 32 is axially movable in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction when actuating the first element (closed realy) of the electromechanical drive to push the actuator Moving element 7. Therefore, in this condition, the intake valve 5 remains open (the first plate 36 is pressed in a direction away from the first hole 35), thus allowing gas to enter inside the cylinder 2 in order to avoid high pressure on the gas compressor 1 /temperature.

Fourth preferred embodiment

In general, the fourth preferred embodiment includes combinations of the second and third preferred embodiments described above.

Therefore, in this fourth preferred embodiment shown in Figures 20 to 25, the system for actuation also comprises at least one second magnetic element 38 (first main movable element) for drag, a The second element 47 of the electric drive and a second electromechanical element 39 (second main movable element), are operatively related to each other. Besides that, a second magnetic element 38 for dragging is operatively associated with the rotor 25 of the electric motor 4 . Likewise, the second electromechanical element 39 is operatively associated with the actuation element 7 . The second magnetic element 38 for drag preferably comprises a permanent magnet.

Preferably, the second electromechanical element 39 comprises an electromagnet which, when an electric current is applied, is able to move due to the generation of a magnetic field. Due to this movement, it is possible to exert pressure (force or tension) on the actuation element 7 in the desired direction.

The second element 47 of the electric drive preferably comprises a relay or switch which allows the passage of current provided by the electric power source. The relays can be controlled by digital, analog circuits, and even by programmable units such as microcontrollers/microprocessors.

The electrical power source may be a battery, a delivery derivative of the electric motor 4 (eg, a motor stator), or any other type of electrical delivery source suitable for the application that is capable of providing sufficient tension/current to activate/deactivate the second electromechanical element 39 (Electromagnet).

The second magnetic element 38 for dragging can move axially in the first axial direction when the electric motor 4 is working (the arrow y in FIG. 25 represents the rotation direction of the rotor 25), so as to start the electric drive Second element (closing relay). Activation of the second element 47 of the electric drive allows an axial displacement of the second electromechanical element 39 in a first axial direction to pull the actuating element 7 (arrow z in FIG. direction). In this condition, therefore, the intake valve 5 is released by the system to allow its operation according to the oscillating (back and forth) movement of the piston 3 .

On the other hand, when the rotor 25 of the electric motor 4 is stopped, the second magnetic element 38 for dragging can move axially in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction, to deactivate the electric drive The second element 47 (open relay). Deactivating the second element 47 of the electric drive allows an axial displacement of the second electromechanical element 39 in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction to push the actuating element 7 . Therefore, in this condition, the intake valve 5 remains open (the first plate 36 is pressed in a direction away from the first hole 35 ), thereby allowing gas to enter the interior of the cylinder 2 in order to avoid high pressure in the gas compressor 1 pressure/temperature.

It is worth noting that when the gas compressor 1 is started, the configuration of the second magnetic element 38, the second electromechanical element 39 and the actuating element 7 for dragging is the same as when the gas compressor 1 is stopped, once The rotor 25 remains stationary and thus keeps pushing the actuation element 7 .

Thus, the second element 47 of the electric drive operates inversely to the first element of the electric drive of the third preferred embodiment described above, i.e. the actuating element 7 (rod) in the fourth preferred embodiment is deactivating the electric drive. The second element 47 is pushed while the actuating element 7 (rod) in the third preferred embodiment is pushed when the first element of the drive is activated.

The system may also comprise a second monostable device 45 arranged between the second magnetic element 38 for drag and the second electromechanical element 39 . The second monostable has at least a second top limiter 46 and a second magnetic monostable element (not shown, but similar to the first monostable) associated with each other. The second top limiter 46 comprises a metal sheet or plate.

This second magnetic monostable element is stably associated with the second top limiter 46 , ending with the establishment of a displacement of the second magnetic element 38 for drag in the first axial direction.

The main role of the monostable device 31 is to avoid fluctuations of the actuating element 7 (rod), thereby keeping the system stable so that the intake valve 4 does not open or close at inappropriate moments, which can weaken the its performance and efficiency.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use a bistable device similar to the one described in the first preferred embodiment of the invention.

Another object of the invention is a gas compressor 1 comprising the system for actuation described above.

Yet another object of the present invention is a refrigeration appliance with a gas compressor 1 comprising the above-mentioned system for actuation. The refrigeration equipment includes, for example, industrial/commercial/domestic refrigerators, freezers or air conditioning devices.

Having described an example of a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention encompasses other possible modifications, being limited only by the content of the appended claims including the possible equivalents.

Claims (11)

1. the system activating for the suction valve in gas compressor (1) (5), described gas compressor (1) comprises at least:

-external member being formed by cylinder (2) and piston (3);

-to a described external member relevant electric motor (4) operationally, described electric motor (4) can provide the axial motion of piston (3) so that the inner gas of compression cylinder (2), and described suction valve (5) allows input cylinder (2) internal gas while being configured at piston (3) axial motion on the first axial direction;

-mono-expulsion valve (6), described expulsion valve allows gas from the inner output of cylinder (2) while being configured at piston (3) axial motion at the second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction,

-mono-actuation element (7), it is operationally relevant to suction valve (5);

System is characterised in that, it comprises at least:

-mono-the first removable magnetic element of master (24,38), it is magnetically relevant to the rotor (25) of electric motor (4);

-mono-the second main displaceable element (26,39), it is operationally relevant with the first main removable magnetic element (24,38), and described the second main displaceable element (26,39) is also mechanically relevant to actuation element (7);

The first main removable magnetic element (24,38) and the second main displaceable element (26,39) be configured to interact with each other, to keep suction valve (5) to open and also allow to open and close when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4) suction valve (5) when electric motor (4) stops and starting.

2. the system activating for the suction valve in gas compressor (1) (5), described gas compressor (1) comprises at least:

-external member being formed by cylinder (2) and piston (3);

-to a described external member relevant electric motor (4) operationally, described electric motor (4) can provide the axial motion of piston (3) so that compression cylinder (2) internal gas, and described suction valve (5) allows input cylinder (2) internal gas while being configured at piston (3) axial motion on the first axial direction;

-mono-expulsion valve (6), described expulsion valve is configured to allow during in the second axial direction axial motion contrary with the first axial direction at piston (3) gas from the inner output of cylinder (2);

-mono-actuation element (7), it is operationally relevant to suction valve (5), described actuation element (7) can keep suction valve (5) to open when electric motor (4) stops and starting, and described actuation element (7) can also allow to open and close suction valve (5) when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4);

Described system features is, it comprises at least:

-mono-elastic element (8), it has first end (43) and the second end (44), the first end (43) of elastic element (8) is relevant to the second axle (21), the second axle (21) is operationally relevant to the first axle (33) or the rotor (25) of electric motor (4), elastic element (8) can reduce pressure when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4), and elastic element (8) can compress when electric motor (4) stops or starting;

-mono-semi-arched element (9), it is relevant to second end (44) of elastic element (8), described semi-arched element (9) can angularly move at the first angle direction when decompression elastic element (8), and described semi-arched element (9) can angularly move at the second angle direction contrary with the first angle direction when compression elastic element (8); With

-mono-auxiliary element (18), itself and semi-arched element (9) and operationally relevant with actuation element (7), described auxiliary element (18) can move axially to pull actuation element (7) at the first axial direction at semi-arched element (9) when the first angle direction moves, and auxiliary element (18) can move axially to promote actuation element (7) at the second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction at semi-arched element (9) when the second angle direction moves.

3. system according to claim 2, is characterized in that:

-auxiliary element (18) has " U " shape chamber, and it comprises opening (10), the first side wall (11) and the second sidewall (12); And

-semi-arched element (9) has by opening (10) at least one right angle lug boss (13) relevant to auxiliary element (18),

Wherein, right angle lug boss (13) is exerted pressure when semi-arched element (9) moves on the first angle direction on the first side wall (11), and right angle lug boss (13) is exerted pressure when semi-arched element (9) moves on the second angle direction on the second sidewall (12).

4. according to the system described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, it comprises and auxiliary element (18) and the bistable device (14) relevant with actuation element (7), described bistable device (14) is arranged between auxiliary element (18) and actuation element (7), and described bistable device (14) comprises at least:

-mono-the first limiting element (15);

-mono-the second limiting element (16), it is arranged to be parallel to the first limiting element (15) substantially; With

-mono-bistable magnetic element (17), itself and the first limiting element (15) and relevant with the second limiting element (16),

Wherein, bistable magnetic element (17) is stably relevant to set up the end-of-shift of auxiliary element (18) on the first axial direction to the first limiting element (15), and bistable magnetic element (17) is stably relevant to set up the end-of-shift of auxiliary element (18) on second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction to the second limiting element (16).

5. according to the system described in any one in claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that, elastic element (8), semi-arched element (9) and auxiliary element (18) are arranged in dunnage (19), it is upper that described dunnage (19) is positioned at electric motor (4), and described dunnage (19) comprises the hole that can allow the second axle (21) to pass through.

6. system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, it comprises at least one buffer element (20) being arranged in dunnage (19), described buffer element (20) can relevantly to the first end (22) of semi-arched element (9) finish in the angular movement of the first angle direction to set up semi-arched element (9), and semi-arched element (9) also comprises second end (23) that can be attached in dunnage (19).

7. the system activating for the suction valve in gas compressor (1) (5), described gas compressor (1) comprises at least:

-external member being formed by cylinder (2) and piston (3);

-to a described external member relevant electric motor (4) operationally, described electric motor (4) can provide the axial motion of piston (3) so that compression cylinder (2) internal gas, and described suction valve (5) is configured to allow during axial motion on the first axial direction at piston (3) input cylinder (2) internal gas;

-mono-expulsion valve (6), described expulsion valve is configured to allow during axial motion on second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction at piston (3) gas from the inner output of cylinder (2);

-mono-actuation element (7), it is operationally relevant to suction valve (5), described actuation element (7) can keep suction valve (5) to open when electric motor (4) stops and starting, and described actuation element (7) can also allow to open and close suction valve (5) when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4);

Described system is characterised in that, it comprises at least:

-mono-the first magnetic element (24) for pulling, it is operationally relevant to the rotor (25) of electric motor (4), for the first magnetic element (24) pulling, when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4), can move axially at the first axial direction, and, for the first magnetic element (24) pulling, when stopping the rotor (25) of electric motor (4), can move axially at second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction; With

-mono-moveable arm (26), itself and the first magnetic element (24) for pulling and operationally relevant with actuation element (7), moveable arm (26) can be angularly mobile to pull actuation element (7) at the first angle direction during at the first axial direction superior displacement at the first magnetic element (24) for pulling, and moveable arm (26) can be angularly mobile to promote actuation element (7) at second angle direction contrary with the first angle direction during at the second axial direction superior displacement at the first magnetic element (24) for pulling.

8. system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, moveable arm (26) has first end (27) and the second end (28), the first end (27) of moveable arm (26) is operationally relevant to the first magnetic element (24) for pulling, for the first magnetic element (24) pulling, can on the first end (27) of moveable arm (26), exert pressure, second end (28) of moveable arm (26) is operationally relevant to actuation element (7), second end (28) of moveable arm (26) can be exerted pressure on actuation element (7), wherein, second end (28) of moveable arm (26) can move axially in the contrary direction of movement direction of the first end with moveable arm (26) (27) in the first magnetic element (24) when displacement for pulling.

9. according to the system described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, it comprises establishes the first magnetic element (24) of being arranged in for pulling and the first monostable device (29) between moveable arm (26), and described the first monostable device (29) comprises at least:

-mono-the first top limiter (30);

-first magnetic monostable element (31) relevant to the first top limiter (30),

Wherein, the first magnetic monostable element (31) is stably relevant to the first top limiter (30), to set up the first magnetic element (24) for pulling end-of-shift on the first axial direction.

10. the system activating for the suction valve in gas compressor (1) (5), described gas compressor (1) comprises at least:

-external member being formed by cylinder (2) and piston (3);

-to a described external member relevant electric motor (4) operationally, described electric motor (4) can provide the axial motion of piston (3) so that compression cylinder (2) internal gas, and described suction valve (5) is configured to allow during axial motion on the first axial direction at piston (3) input cylinder (2) internal gas;

-mono-expulsion valve (6), described expulsion valve is configured to allow during in the second axial direction axial motion contrary with the first axial direction at piston (3) gas from the inner output of cylinder (2);

-mono-actuation element (7), it is operationally relevant to suction valve (5), described actuation element (7) can keep suction valve (5) to open when electric motor (4) stops and starting, and described actuation element (7) can also allow to open and close suction valve (5) when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4);

Described system features is, it comprises at least:

-mono-the second magnetic element (38) for pulling, it is mechanically relevant to second element (47) of motor driver, also magnetically relevant to the rotor (25) of electric motor (4) for the second magnetic element (38) pulling, for the second magnetic element (38) pulling, when the acting operating mode of electric motor (4), can move axially to start at the first axial direction second element (47) of motor driver, and for the second magnetic element (38) pulling can move axially at second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction to stop using when stopping the rotor (25) of electric motor (4) second element (47) of motor driver, with

-mono-the second electromechanical compo (39), it is relevant electronically to second element (47) of motor driver, the second electromechanical compo (39) is also mechanically relevant to actuation element (7), the second electromechanical compo (39) can move axially to pull actuation element (7) at the first axial direction when second element (47) of starting motor driver, and the second electromechanical compo (39) can move axially to promote actuation element (7) at second axial direction contrary with the first axial direction when stopping using second element (47) of motor driver.

11. systems according to claim 10, is characterized in that, it comprises the second monostable device (45), and it is arranged in the second magnetic element (38) and the second electromechanical compo (39) for pulling, and the second monostable device (45) comprises at least:

-mono-the second top limiter (46);

-mono-the second magnetic monostable element, it is relevant to the second top limiter (46),

Wherein, the second magnetic monostable element and the second top limiter (46) are stably relevant to set up the second magnetic element (38) for pulling at the end-of-shift of the first axial direction.