CN102284375B - Pulverized fuel ash flotation separation equipment with physical separation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fly ash flotation separation device with a physical separation device, which comprises a vertical cylinder body, an overflow collection section at the top of the cylinder body and a tail ash collection section at the bottom of the cylinder body ;Diffuser device located in the cylinder;Physical separation device located on the wall of the cylinder or on the diffuser device;Multi-layer flotation plates located at intervals in the cylinder;Distribution device located above the overflow collection section;Air supply The device communicates with a plurality of air holes on the air diffuser through the first air pipe. The invention has the advantages that: by setting a physical separation device, the stripping of carbon particles and ash content is improved, and ultrafine carbon particles are formed, thereby improving the flotation efficiency of carbon particles.

Description

Fly ash flotation separation equipment with physical separation device

technical field

The invention relates to a fly ash flotation separation device for producing activated carbon by using fly ash, more specifically, the invention relates to a fly ash flotation separation device with a physical separation device.

Background technique

Fly ash is one of the largest industrial wastes in my country, and the annual slag discharge in my country has reached 30 million tons at this stage. With the development of the power industry, the discharge of fly ash from coal-fired power plants is increasing year by year. Fly ash contains a large amount of unburned carbon particles, which can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of activated carbon after flotation.

Chinese patent 200810031474.7 discloses a special flotation column for fly ash. A slurry distributor is installed on the top of the flotation column cylinder. There are multi-section bubbling plates inside the cylinder. Multi-point swirl devices and multi-point tail ash are installed at the bottom of the cylinder. The overflow hole, the slurry distribution pipe is installed around the slurry distributor, and the circulation pipe is installed around the cylinder. The upper end of the circulation pipe is connected to the slurry distribution pipe, and the lower end is connected to the swirl device. The slurry distribution pipe interface and the inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the circulation pump. At both ends, a high-carbon ash balance overflow plate and a high-carbon ash overflow collection port are installed on the upper part of the flotation column. The tail ash overflow hole is connected by a pipeline to install a tail ash automatic adjustment box.

Chinese patent 200920064391.8 discloses a special flotation column for circulating fluidized bed boiler fly ash, which is equipped with a slurry distributor on the top, multi-section bubbling plates inside, a multi-point swirling device on the bottom, and a conical tail ash connected to the bottom The collection tank, the slurry distribution pipe is installed around the slurry distributor, and the circulation pipe is installed around the slurry distribution pipe. The tail ash pipe connected at the bottom is connected to the tail ash automatic adjustment box.

Chinese patent 200920261379.6 discloses a stirring flotation device used for producing activated carbon by microwave pyrolysis of garbage; the stirring flotation device includes: a body part F, a power part G and a stirring flotation part H. The body part F includes: a stirring flotation tank, a frame, a flotation material outlet and a mixture outlet, and the power part G includes: a stirring flotation motor and a stirring flotation shaft, and the stirring flotation motor is fixedly arranged on the frame. The stirring flotation motor is connected with the stirring flotation shaft. The stirring flotation part H includes: stirring blades and flotation blades, the stirring blades are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the stirring flotation shaft, and the flotation blades are fixedly arranged at the upper part of the stirring flotation shaft.

Chinese patent 200920063583.7 discloses a new equipment for producing activated carbon from fly ash, which includes a fly ash raw ash feeding hopper connected in sequence, an electronic weighing scale, a box-type ash flusher, a pulp preprocessor, a first-stage float Column selection, second stage flotation column, first thickener, first filter, first dryer, activated carbon special mill, oil-water separator, second dryer; pulp pretreatment and second stage flotation The column is also connected with an automatic dosing machine for dispersant and composite flotation agent, and the special mill for activated carbon is also connected with a high-pressure steam pipeline.

Chinese patent 200820046239.2 discloses a fly ash flotation carbon production device. The fly ash flotation carbon production device includes a screening module and a stirring module that can screen the particle size of fly ash, and can separate clean coal and tail ash. The flotation module, the dehydration module and the conveying mechanism that organically connect the above modules into a whole.

The disadvantage of the above technical solution is that the carbon particles are usually closely combined with the ash and are not easy to separate, so the flotation efficiency of the carbon particles is low.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a flotation separation device capable of improving the stripping degree of carbon particles and ash.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fly ash flotation separation device with a physical separation device, which includes a vertical cylinder, an overflow collection section at the top of the cylinder and an overflow collection section at the bottom of the cylinder. The tail ash collection section; the overflow collection section is provided with a discharge port, and the tail ash collection section is provided with a tail ash outlet; the flotation separation equipment further includes:

The air diffuser located in the cylinder, the surface of the air diffuser is provided with a plurality of air holes, and the multiple air holes are arranged to point upward at different angles, so that the materials in the cylinder form a turbulent flow; the air diffuser The larger surface is used to reflect bubbles and particles;

A physical separation device located on the wall of the cylinder or on the diffuser;

The multi-layer flotation plates located at intervals in the cylinder have multiple holes; the flotation plates have two functions: one is to stratify different materials with different buoyancy; the other is to pass through the flotation plates The pore size on the pores limits the size of the air bubbles. The aperture of the hole on the flotation plate is 0.5 cm-5 cm. The flotation plate can be made of metal, various plastics or other materials, and it can be specifically single or multilayer, such as 2-5 layers, wherein the bottom float The selection board is located above the diffuser;

The distribution device located on the upper part of the overflow collection section, the distribution device is a container with multiple distribution pipes at the bottom or bottom, and the end of the distribution pipe is located between the air diffuser and the bottom flotation plate;

An air supply device, the air supply device is in communication with a plurality of air holes on the air diffuser through the first gas pipeline.

The working principle of the invention is: the main components of the fly ash are carbon particles and ash. After adding flotation agent and/or collector and/or other auxiliary agents, the particles in the fly ash contact and collide with the air bubbles, and the carbon particles with good floatability selectively adhere to the air bubbles and are carried up, Achieve flotation. The ash with poor floatability sinks downward.

The working process of the present invention is: the mixture of the fly ash raw material and the flotation agent in the distributing device enters the cylinder through a plurality of distributing pipes located at the lower part or the bottom of the distributing device. The air supply device supplies air to the cylinder through the air holes on the air diffuser. The carbon particles adhere to the air bubbles under the action of the flotation agent, and float in a turbulent state and move upwards, passing through the flotation plates of each layer smoothly. The holes fall onto the uppermost flotation plate to realize the flotation of carbon particles. Flotated carbon particles are collected in the overflow collection section. The ash with poor floatability does not pass through the flotation plate and falls to the tail ash collection section. In addition, the air diffuser also has the function of reflection, which strengthens the turbulence effect through reflection.

Because the physical separation device is provided in the present invention, the combination between carbon particles and ash is effectively broken, and the flotation efficiency of carbon is greatly improved.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the physical separation device can specifically be an ultrasonic separation device or an ultrasonic breaking device, which can improve the separation of carbon particles and ash by emitting ultrasonic waves, for example, to form ultrafine carbon particles with a particle size of up to 10,000 mesh. Specifically, the ultrasonic separation device or ultrasonic breaking device includes an ultrasonic transmitter and supporting auxiliary devices.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the diffuser is in the shape of a conical bucket with its tip pointing upwards, and a plurality of air holes are arranged on the conical surface. The purpose of setting the cone-shaped air diffuser is: 1. The air bubbles combined with carbon particles are reflected by the cone-shaped air diffuser to more angles, and the reflection effect is better than that of the plane reflection; 2. The air sprayed by the air diffuser , drive the bubbles to float in the cylinder in a turbulent state to achieve a better flotation effect; 3. The bubbles that have not passed through the flotation plate are reflected by the cone-shaped air diffuser, which intensifies the effect of turbulent movement and improves the flotation effect. flotation efficiency. Because in the present invention, the gas blowing upwards is in a turbulent state, the contact time between the carbon particles and the air bubbles is long, and the contact is more sufficient, and the probability that the fly ash particles are broken into carbon particles and ash particles is greatly increased, thereby making the flotation effect more effective. Well, flotation is more efficient. According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve a better reflection effect, the cone angle of the cone-shaped air diffuser is 60°-150° (the cone angle is the two angles between the cross-section of the axis and the surface of the cone. angle between the lines of intersection). Specifically, different cone angles can be selected according to different materials. For example, CFB fly ash adopts a cone angle of 90°.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder body includes a thinner first flotation section located at the upper part and a thicker second flotation section located at the lower part, and the overflow collection section is located outside the first flotation section, And the bottom end of the overflow collection section is lower than the top end of the first flotation section, and is used to collect the particles overflowed from the flotation section. For example, the overflow collection section can be a cylindrical container with holes on the bottom plate, and the top of the first flotation section passes through the hole on the bottom plate, so that the particles floated out in the flotation section continuously accumulate upwards, just Over the wall of the flotation section, it flows into the overflow collection section; as another example, an overflow hole or overflow pipe is provided on the top outer wall of the first flotation section, and the overflow collection section is located in the overflow hole or overflow collection section. Tube below the container. Specifically, a diffusion cone section used as a transition area is provided between the first flotation section and the second flotation section. Between the plates, for example, between the bottom flotation plate and the upper layer flotation plate adjacent to it. By setting the diffusion cone section, the flotation separation equipment adds a reflective surface, thereby slowing down the speed of the bubbles rushing up from the bottom and adjusting their movement direction. The advantages of this are: 1. The turbulent movement effect of the bubbles is aggravated by reflection ; 2. To prevent the bubbles from rushing to the top of the flotation separation equipment along the wall of the cylinder so that the overflow surface at the top is not smooth enough.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the gas supply device is connected to one or more second gas conduits which lead into the distribution device or are connected to the distribution conduit. For example, the second gas pipeline can be one, leading to the distribution device; or it can be multiple, respectively connected to each distribution pipeline. In this way, the fly ash particles located in the distributing device can be driven by the gas to accelerate through the distributing pipe and enter the cylinder, thereby improving the efficiency of flotation. Compared with the technical scheme in the prior art that uses the negative pressure generated by the Venturi tube to drive the material in the distribution device to flow downward, transporting high-pressure gas through the gas pipeline can not only reduce energy consumption, but also adjust according to the amount and viscosity of the material. Gas pressure, thereby improving product accuracy.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the tail ash outlet is connected with a tail ash pipeline, and the tail ash pipeline directly or indirectly leads to the distributing device, so that the tail ash re-enters the flotation separation equipment for flotation, thereby increasing the amount of fly ash flotation efficiency.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the flotation separation equipment further includes a material storage device, the lower part or bottom end of the material storage device is provided with a feeding pipeline, and the feeding pipeline leads to the distribution device. The fly ash to be flotation is added with chemicals such as flotation agent in the storage device, and then enters the distribution device through the feeding pipeline located at the bottom or bottom of the storage device. A stirring device may be provided in the material storage device for fully stirring the fly ash raw material slurry and the flotation agent. In this embodiment, the tailings conduit may be connected to a storage device. Because when the material coming out of the tail ash pipeline continues to be flotation, it is usually necessary to add chemicals such as flotation agent, but it is not convenient to add in the distribution device or the proportion is not well controlled when adding, and returning to the storage device can solve this problem well. question. In addition, a tail ash box may be provided between the tail ash outlet and the material storage device (using the tail ash to adjust the liquid level in the flotation separation equipment), the tail ash pipeline is first connected from the tail ash outlet to the tail ash box, and then from The ash box leads to the storage unit. A slurry pump is provided on the feeding pipeline for pumping the material in the storage device to the distribution device.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the height of the end of the tailing ash pipeline is located above the top flotation plate, and the end of the tailing ash pipeline is provided with a liquid level regulating device for adjusting the height of the end of the tailing ash pipeline, Thereby adjusting the liquid level height in the flotation separation equipment.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder is a cylinder or a square cylinder. The corners of the square cylinder can form reflections, and the distribution of particles and air bubbles in the cylinder is more uniform. In addition, a filter plate can be installed above the tail ash collection section in the cylinder to slow down the downward speed of the material.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. By setting up a physical separation device, the stripping of carbon particles and ash is improved to form ultra-fine carbon particles, thereby greatly improving the flotation efficiency of carbon particles, reducing the circulation of raw materials, and thus greatly reducing energy consumption;

2. Avoid using the negative pressure made by Venturi tube to drive the material to flow downward, and directly use the gas supply device to spray high-pressure gas, which reduces energy consumption; the gas pressure and flow rate of the gas supply device can be adjusted, which is convenient according to the amount of material and The viscosity is adjusted, thereby improving the precision of the product.

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic structural view of the longitudinal section along the central axis of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a longitudinal section along the central axis of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a longitudinal section along the central axis of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a longitudinal section along the central axis of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes: a material storage device 1, a distribution device 2, a vertical cylinder 3, a cone-shaped air diffuser 4, a multi-layer flotation plate 5, and an air supply device 6 . Physical separation devices such as ultrasonic separation device 8, tail ash box 7, filter plate 9, overflow collection section 301, tail ash collection section 305.

The cylinder body 3 arranged vertically can be divided into three parts, from top to bottom: the first flotation section 302 , the diffusion cone section 303 , and the second flotation section 304 . Wherein, the first flotation section 302 is relatively thin, and a layer of flotation plates 5 is arranged inside it. The second flotation section 304 is relatively thick, and a cone-shaped air diffuser 4 and a layer of flotation plates 5 are arranged in it. The diffusion cone section 303 is located between the first flotation section 302 and the second flotation section 304, and is a cone-shaped transition area with an upward tip.

The overflow collecting section 301 is positioned at the outside of the first flotation section 302, and the top of the first flotation section 302 is positioned between the top and the bottom of the overflow collecting section 301; in addition, the bottom of the overflow collecting section 301 is provided with Outlet 309.

The tail ash collecting section 305 is in the shape of a cone with the tip pointing down, and a tail ash outlet 306 is provided at the tip of its bottom, and the tail ash outlet 306 is connected with a tail ash pipe 307 . A filter plate 9 is provided between the second flotation section 304 and the tail ash collection section 305 .

The air diffuser 4 is in the shape of a conical bucket with an upward tip, the angle of the conical bucket is 120°, and a plurality of air holes 401 are arranged on the conical surface; it is located in the second flotation section 304 and is located in the conical bucket-shaped tail ash collection section 305 above. The diffuser 4 is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic separation devices 8 .

Multiple layers (for example, two layers) of flotation plates 5 arranged at intervals are respectively located in the first flotation section 302 and the second flotation section 304 , wherein the bottom flotation plates 5 are located above the cone-shaped air diffuser 4 .

The distributing device 2 is located above the overflow collection section 301 and is a container with multiple (eg 8) distributing pipelines 201 arranged at the lower part. The end of the distribution pipeline 201 is located in the second flotation section 304 , between the cone-shaped air diffuser 4 and the bottom flotation plate 5 .

The storage device 1 is provided with a stirring device 101 for fully stirring the fly ash raw material slurry and the flotation agent. The tail ash pipeline 307 is connected to the tail ash box 7 from the tail ash outlet 306, and the tail ash box 7 is connected to the material storage device 1 through the circulation pipeline 310; A slurry pump 103, the feeding pipeline 102 leads to the distribution device 2.

In addition, the circulation pipeline 310 is also provided with a branch pipeline as the ash discharge pipeline 311 , and both the circulation pipeline 310 and the ash discharge pipeline 311 are provided with valves. According to the situation of the fly ash raw material and specific process requirements, the tail ash can re-enter the flotation separation equipment through the circulation pipeline 310 for flotation to recover the carbon particles in it; when the carbon content in the tail ash is too low, the Ash discharge pipe 311 discharges.

The gas supply device 6 is connected to the first gas pipeline 601 and the second gas pipeline 602; wherein, the first gas pipeline 601 communicates with a plurality of air holes 401 on the cone-shaped gas diffuser 4, and the second gas pipeline 602 leads to the distribution device 2 .

Example 2

Fig. 2 shows embodiment 2 of the present invention, and its difference with embodiment 1 is: 1, the number of distribution pipeline 201 is 6; 2, tail ash pipeline 307 directly leads to distribution device 2, does not have tail ash box 7 3. The tail ash pipeline 307 is provided with a slurry pump 308; 4. The tail ash pipeline 307 is also provided with a branch pipeline as the ash discharge pipeline 311, and the tail ash pipeline 307 And ash discharge pipeline 311 is all provided with valve. Similarly, according to the situation of the fly ash raw material and the specific process requirements, the tail ash can re-enter the flotation separation equipment through the tail ash pipeline 307 for flotation to recover the carbon particles therein; when the carbon content in the tail ash is too low , is discharged through the ash discharge pipe 311.

Example 3

Fig. 3 shows embodiment 3 of the present invention, and its difference with embodiment 1 is: 1, flotation plate is 3 layers; 2, the number of distribution pipeline 201 is 4; 3, tail ash box 7 is positioned at tail ash The end of the pipe 307 is set outside the tail ash pipe 307, the height of the end of the tail ash pipe is above the top flotation plate, and the end of the tail ash pipe is provided with a liquid level adjustment device for adjusting the end of the tail ash pipe 4. There is no circulation pipeline 310 between the tail ash box 7 and the storage device 1 .

Example 4

Fig. 4 shows embodiment 4 of the present invention, and its difference with embodiment 1 is: 1, flotation plate is 3 layers; 2, the number of distribution pipeline 201 is 4; 3, tail ash outlet 306 places are not connected In any pipeline, the tail ash in the flotation separation equipment is directly discharged from the tail ash outlet 306 .

Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make some improvements without departing from the scope of the present invention, that is, all equivalent improvements made according to the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. fuel ash flotation separation equipment with physical separation means, the cylindrical shell that it comprises vertical setting is positioned at the overflow collection section at this cylindrical shell top and is positioned at the tail ash collection section of this cylinder body bottom; Described overflow collection section is provided with discharging opening, and described tail ash collection section is provided with the outlet of tail ash; This flotation separation equipment further comprises:

Be positioned at the loose device of air of described cylindrical shell, the surface of this loose device of air is provided with a plurality of pores;

Be positioned at the barrel of described cylindrical shell or the physical separation means on described loose device of air;

Be positioned at the multilayer flotation plate of described cylindrical shell, interval setting, wherein bottom flotation plate is positioned at the top of described loose device of air;

Be positioned at the distributor of top, described overflow collection section, described distributor is the container that bottom or bottom are provided with many distribution duct, and the end of described distribution duct is between described loose device of air and described bottom flotation plate;

Feeder, this feeder is communicated with a plurality of pores on described loose device of air by the first gas pipeline; And

Storage device, the bottom of this storage device is provided with charging line, and this charging line leads to described distributor.

2. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described physical separation means is ultrasonic separation means.

3. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the cone that described loose device of air is point upward is bucket-shaped, and described a plurality of pores are located on its conical surface.

4. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the cone bucket angle of described loose device of air is 60 °-150 °.

5. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described cylindrical shell comprises superposed the first thinner flotation section and the second thicker flotation section that is positioned at the bottom, described overflow collection section is positioned at the outside of described the first flotation section, and the bottom of described overflow collection section is lower than the top of described the first flotation section.

6. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein, be provided with the divergent cone section as transitional region between described the first flotation section and described the second flotation section, and this divergent cone section is positioned at the top of bottom flotation plate.

7. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described feeder is connected with the one or more the second gas pipelines, and described the second gas pipeline leads in described distributor or is connected to described distribution duct.

8. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the outlet of described tail ash is connected with the tail ash tube road, and described tail ash tube road directly or indirectly leads to described distributor.

9. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the bottom of described storage device is provided with charging line.

10. flotation separation equipment as claimed in claim 9, wherein, described tail ash tube road is connected to described storage device.

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