Produce the Apparatus and method for of the many inside spin coolings of endless hole bar continuously
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and the device that can produce endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole hard alloy bar or ceramic round bar continuously.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of machining industry, to the machining accuracy of high-speed milling instrument with higher requirement is arranged service life; Because drilling adds man-hour, resistance of deformation is big, cutting heat height, and the thermal conductivity factor of alloy is generally lower, and the easy weldbonding of blade, coating is easily peeled off rust, and high temperature has increased the diffusive wear of instrument.Hard alloy bar with the production of prior powder metallurgy method, the milling tool of its processing can only adopt external refrigeration, operating rate is slow, machining accuracy is poor, service life is short, and the carbide alloy milling tool in band inside spin cooling hole can adopt the interior type of cooling, under the effect of certain pressure cooling fluid or lubricant, can accelerate cooling velocity and chip removal speed, thereby improve milling tool rotating speed, machining accuracy and service life [Zhou Jicheng etc. Development of Powder Extrusion Molding [J] material Leader .1997.11 (6); Xiao Zhiyu etc. machine components powder metallurgy forming method metal forming technology .1997.16 (1); Jean M.Dasch et.al.Lubricants in Cutting Tool for Dry Machining.Pub.No.:US 2005/0214082A1].
At present, the production technology of inside spin cooling hole bar has in the world:
1. inlaying process: a carbide alloy bar Surface Machining is become spiral grooves to overlap to be pressed in the carbide alloy tubing pressed compact sintering together again; But this method technology is numerous and diverse, and the alloy batch mixing coefficient of expansion is adjusted and the control difficulty, the size Control difficulty.Also processing spiral grooves and cover can be pressed in one-shot forming in the extruding, but, be combination, mesospore is got over Bao Yuehao, be rotation, the flank of tooth is wide more good more, so mould is made difficulty, and a cover only can make a kind of size bar [Sun Yi. the mould design experiment research of carbide alloy inside spin cooling hole bar. the Master's thesis .2001.5 of University Of Chongqing; Prakash K.Mirchandani et.al.Composite Article with Coolant Channels and Tool Fabrication Method.Pub.No.:US2006/0288820A1].
2. external spiral extrusion: method one, the die calibrating strap is provided with screw thread, and material is extruded with rotation mode; Cooling hole core bar is made with the die thread groove and must be cooperated, this technology mould design is comparatively complicated, mould die and core bar must be synchronously, otherwise will cause dimensional parameters overproof, cooling hole, hole partially or crackle [Sun Yi. the mould design experiment research of carbide alloy inside spin cooling hole bar. the Master's thesis .2001.5 of University Of Chongqing].Method two, the die active rotation drives the material rotation, guide simultaneously nylon yarn be embedded in the material [Wu Enxi etc. make the device of band inside spin cooling fluid hole bar. the application for a patent for invention prospectus, publication number: CN 1457940A.2003] or extruding formation band straight hole bar, reverse bar simultaneously and form threaded hole [Arno Friedrichset.al.Method and Device for Producing a Sintered Metal Blank with InternallyDisposed Helical Recesses.USA Patent, 6699430B2,2004].Nylon yarn (soft core) needs guiding embedded, screw geomery control difficulty, and if the length of later stage burn off process limitation inner spiral hole specification and bar; Its outer surface quality of mode that the bar rotation is advanced is difficult to control.The external spiral extrusion is to use more a kind of forming technique at present both at home and abroad.
3. inside spin extrusion: the special construction that utilizes double-screw extrusion machine, core bar is extended to extruding screw, utilize the rotation of screw drive core bar or drive elasticity pin rotation [Arno Friedrichs et al.Extrusion Tool forProducing a Hard Metal Rod or a Ceramic Rod with Twisted Internal Boreholes.USAPatent in the core bar, 5438858,1995], reach the effect of moulding inner spiral hole; This process mould design is comparatively simple, but strict to squeezing parameter, the extruded velocity of material and core bar rotating speed coupling in the time of must making extruding.Otherwise, will cause the dimensional parameters of product can't reach requirement.Because the difficulty of this technology is very big, only there are external several companies such as German konard friedrichs company to produce at present, domestic still do not have this type of technology.This technology is for satisfying speeds match, and the performance of the manufacturing of core bar, elasticity pin must be complementary with extruder extruded velocity and screw speed, has limited the versatility and the producible bar specification kind of same equipment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: for improving carbide alloy milling tool operating rate, machining accuracy in service life, provides a kind of list (many) inside spin cooling hole hard alloy bar method and apparatus of producing all size.
The present invention's technical scheme that achieves the above object is:
Can produce the device of endless list or many inside spins cooling hole hard alloy bar or ceramic round bar continuously, be characterised in that: this device comprises that die cavity (10) and transmission handle (9), convex mould base (11), rigidity helix punch (4), die (12) constitute assembling die; Charging aperture (6) is connected with double helix bar extruder (5); Transmission handle (9) is fixed in the die cavity (10); Speed measuring device (8) is fixed on die cavity (10) and goes up and connect with computer (1); By speed measuring device (8) feedback information, regulate speed regulating control case (2) control motor (3) rotating speed by computer (1) automatically; Motor (3) drives rigidity helical punch (4) rotation by transmission handle (9); Driving raw material by double helix bar extruder (5) extrudes from the rigidity helical punch (4) and the gap location of die (12) by die cavity (10); Set up bearing material conveying device (13) near the die place.
A kind of method that can produce endless list or many inside spins cooling hole hard alloy bar or ceramic round bar continuously is characterized in that containing following steps: A, motor (3) and does laterally according to the rotation of initial setting speed and by transmission handle (9) driving rigidity helix punch (4) and rotatablely move;
B, simultaneously drive material and vertically extrude from rigidity helix punch (4) and die (12) gap location by die cavity (11) and form bar by double helix bar extruder (5), when extruded velocity is inhomogeneous, can gathers in real time material extruded velocity information and feed back by speed measuring device (8);
C, measure bar extruded velocity V1 by speed measuring device (8), and feed back to computer (1), computer (1) is adjusted speed regulating control case (2) parameter with control motor (3) rotating speed automatically by feedback information, promptly control the rotating speed of rigidity helix punch (4), the speed that punch rotary speed and material are vertically extruded from clearance between punch and die is mated in real time, the ascending motion of spinning of the relative moulding bar of punch, the relative punch of the moulding bar descending motion of spinning in like manner consequently forms the inner spiral hole that equates with punch pitch, diameter, lift angle, spacing in bar;
D, bearing material conveying device are delivered to diamond with the inner spiral hole bar.
Described rotating speed matching formula is as follows: if the bar extruded velocity is V1, rigidity helical punch pitch is L, and the punch rotating speed is N, then has in the unit interval: V1=NL is N=V1/L;
The data that computer (1) comes speed measuring device (2) feedback by special-purpose software carry out sending corresponding speed governing order to electric machine speed regulation control cabinet (2) after the computing, control motor (3) rotating speed, the real-time coupling of realization rigidity helix punch (4) rotating speed and material extruded velocity.
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage or good effect:
1. can produce endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole hard alloy bar continuously with this method and device.Embedded mould is a combination die, punch-die all can freely be changed, can be according to the structure that changes rigidity helix punch (as the single conchoid punch, the bifilar helix punch is that accompanying drawing shows, triple helical line punch etc.) adjust and control this bar inside spin cooling hole hole count, aperture, lift angle, pitch and pitch of holes etc. easily.Punch-die is rigidity, so various sizes can realize strict control;
2. this assembly that installs embedded assembling die is independent separately, and processing method is simple, and is with low cost, and die cavity can use with the assembling of plurality of specifications punch-die, and is compatible good, for convenience detach.
3. this apparatus structure is simple, controls easyly, and volume is little, can realize continuous automated production in enormous quantities.
4. the bar in the band inside spin cooling hole that is produced by this method and device can be finish-machined to milling tools such as all kinds of slotting cutters, face milling cutters and various drill bits.Carbide alloy milling tool of this type of band inside spin cooling emptying aperture can adopt the interior type of cooling, can accelerate cooling velocity and chip removal speed under the effect of the cooling fluid of certain pressure, thereby improve operating rate, machining accuracy and the service life of milling tool.
Description of drawings
Further specify flesh and blood of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with example, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.
Fig. 1 produces the structural representation of endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole bar device continuously for the present invention.
Each label implication among Fig. 1: 1-computer; 2-speed regulating control case 3---motor; 4-rigidity helical punch; 5-double helix bar extruder; The 6-charging aperture; 7---the moulding bar; The 8-speed measuring device; 9-transmission handle; The 10-die cavity; The 11-convex mould base; The 12-die; 13-bearing material conveying device.
The specific embodiment
The special equipment that can produce endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole hard alloy bar or ceramic round bar continuously of the present invention's design is characterized in that: die cavity 10 constitutes assembling die with transmission handle 9, convex mould base 11, rigidity helical punch 4, die 12; Charging aperture 6 is connected with double helix bar extruder 5; Transmission handle 9 is fixed in the die cavity 10; Speed measuring device 8 is fixed on the die cavity 10 and with computer 1 and connects; Automatically regulate speed regulating control case 2 control motors 3 rotating speeds by computer 1 by speed measuring device 8 feedback informations; Motor 3 drives 4 rotations of rigidity helical punch by transmission handle 9; Driving raw material by double helix bar extruder 5 extrudes from the rigidity helical punch 4 and the gap location of die 12 by die cavity 10; Set up bearing material conveying device 13 near the die place.
Fig. 1 has described the structure of continuous production endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole bar device.This device comprises the assembling die that is made of die cavity 10 and transmission handle 9, convex mould base 11, rigidity helical punch 4, die 12; Charging aperture 6 is connected with double helix bar extruder 5; Transmission handle 9 is fixed in the die cavity 10; Tachymeter 8 is fixed on the die cavity 10 and with computer 1 and connects; Automatically regulate speed regulating control case 2 control motors 3 rotating speeds by computer 1 by speed measuring device 8 feedback informations; Motor 3 drives 4 rotations of rigidity helix punch by transmission handle 9; Driving raw material by double helix bar extruder 5 extrudes from the rigidity helix punch 4 and the gap location of die 12 by die cavity 10; Set up bearing material conveying device 13 near the die place.
Fig. 1 has also described the working condition of continuous production endless list (many) inside spin cooling hole bar device.
(1) motor 3 is done laterally according to the rotation of initial setting speed and by transmission handle 9 driving rigidity helix punch 4 and is rotatablely moved;
(2) simultaneously driving materials by double helix bar extruder 5 vertically extrudes from rigidity helix punch 4 and die 12 gap locations by die cavity 11 and forms bar (when extruded velocity is inhomogeneous, can is gathered in real time and fed back by 8 pairs of material extruded velocities of speed measuring device information).
(3) measure bar extruded velocity V1 by speed measuring device 8, and feed back to computer 1, computer 1 is adjusted speed regulating control case 2 parameters with control motor 3 rotating speeds automatically by feedback information, promptly control the rotating speed of rigidity helix punch 4, the speed that punch rotary speed and material are vertically extruded from clearance between punch and die is mated in real time, the ascending motion of spinning of the relative moulding bar of punch, the relative punch of the moulding bar descending motion of spinning in like manner consequently forms the inner spiral hole that equates with punch pitch, diameter, lift angle, spacing in bar.The rotating speed matching formula is as follows:
If the bar extruded velocity is V1, rigidity helical punch pitch is L, and the punch rotating speed is N, then has in the unit interval
V1=NL
Be N=V1/L
The data that computer 1 comes speed measuring device 2 feedbacks by special-purpose software carry out sending corresponding speed governing order to electric machine speed regulation control cabinet 2 after the computing, control motor 3 rotating speeds, the real-time coupling of realization rigidity helix punch 4 rotating speeds and material extruded velocity.
(4) the bearing material conveying device is delivered to diamond with the inner spiral hole bar.