CN101882211A - Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and decoding method thereof - Google Patents
Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and decoding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip. A feature searching unit searches a feature figure in a barcode image to determine a pixel coordinate of the feature figure. A barcode parameter acquisition unit acquires a barcode parameter according to the pixel coordinate of the feature figure. An edition/format parameter acquisition unit acquires an edition parameter and/or a format parameter of a barcode. A correction feature acquisition unit searches a feature position on the barcode figure and acquires a correction feature according to the feature position. A module information processing unit calculates a gray value corresponding to a module according to the edition parameter, the barcode parameter and the correction feature. A binaryzation unit carries out binaryzation processing on a code word. A code word extracting unit extracts the code word according to the module subjected to the binaryzation processing. An error correction decoding unit decodes the code word. The invention also provides a Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding method. The Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and the Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding method in the invention can ensure a rapid and smooth Chinese-sensible code decoding process.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the Bar Code field, especially, relate to a kind of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof.
[background technology]
Barcode technology is an emerging technology that integrates coding, printing, identification, data acquisition and processing (DAP) that grows up on computer technology and infotech basis.Barcode technology is because its identification is quick, accurate, reliable and low cost and other advantages, be widely used in fields such as commerce, taking care of books, storage, post and telecommunications, traffic and Industry Control, and certainly will in " Internet of Things " that rise gradually used, bring into play great function.
The bar code that is widely used at present comprises bar code and two-dimensional bar code.Bar code claims linear bar code to be made up of a plurality of " bars " that are arranged in parallel and " sky " unit again, and bar code information is expressed by bar and empty different in width and position.Bar code is not then expressed any information just in a direction (generally being horizontal direction) expressing information in vertical direction, so information capacity and space availability ratio are lower, and promptly can't discern after bar code is stained.
Two-dimensional bar code is made up of the chequered with black and white particular geometric figure that distributes on two-dimensional directional according to certain rules, its can be on two-dimensional directional expressing information, so information capacity and space availability ratio are lower, and have certain verifying function.Two-dimensional bar code can be divided into stack two-dimensional bar code and matrix two-dimensional barcode.The stack two-dimensional bar code is that the bar code by the multirow cutting back piles up and forms, and representational stack two-dimensional bar code comprises PDF417, Code 49, Code 16K etc.Matrix two-dimensional barcode is made up of black, the white module that is distributed in by pre-defined rule in the matrix, and representational matrix two-dimensional barcode comprises QR sign indicating number, Data Matrix sign indicating number, Maxi Code, Aztec Code, Chinese letter co etc.Two-dimensional bar code except that possessing the advantage that bar code also has, the characteristics that have also simultaneously that information capacity is big, density is high, have error correction, can represent various multimedia messagess and kinds of words information, security and antiforge purpose are strong, decoding reliability is high.
Prior art normally utilizes photographic equipment that bar code is taken in the process that two-dimensional bar code is decoded, and to obtain bar code image, then bar code image is gone disposal routes such as dry, gray scale extraction, binaryzation, code word extraction, decoding.
Yet, above-mentioned prior art is when carrying out adaption brightness equalization and binary conversion treatment process to bar code image, be to carry out adaption brightness equalization and binary conversion treatment at each pixel, therefore to regulate the gray scale of each pixel, and compare with the threshold value gray scale, the data computation amount is very big, has reduced the processing speed of system.And because this system is (to be the correlation parameter of bar code not knowing the bar code characteristic information, comprise bar code direction, bar code area size and information such as bar code version, bar code distortion factor) situation under carry out binary conversion treatment, can cause module error, promptly in the binaryzation process, because the influence of factors such as noise, distortion, inverted situation takes place in depth state and design point that module occurs, and the recognition capability that this reduces bar code has greatly increased the bit error rate of bar-code identification.Especially higher at the bar code version, under the more situation of contained module number, or bar code image resolution is low, and under the not good situation of exposure quality, this method is difficult to be discerned two-dimensional bar code.
In addition, the Aztec sign indicating number recognition system of prior art normally adopts the decoding program in the processor calling program storer, bar code image is handled realized the identification decoding.The problem of this system is: one, processing speed is slow, this system need write a series of programs that realize decoding algorithm in microprocessor, single processor can only be simultaneously carries out decoding processing at a kind of barcode standard of particular type, processor can only be handled an operation a clock period, software processes has also determined the single process characteristic of decoding process, difficult pipelining and the parallel processing that realizes bar code image, processing speed is slower; Two, use cost height because decoding algorithm is comparatively complicated, therefore needs to use high-end processor (as 32 bit processors) to realize above algorithm, needs processor and hardware-accelerated circuit to match, and can cause system cost high like this; Three, system complex, integrated difficulty is big, and the power consumption height is not easy to portable application.
Therefore, at the above deficiency that prior art exists, needing badly provides a kind of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof, makes to guarantee that decode procedure carries out quickly and smoothly.
[summary of the invention]
Deficiencies such as the processing speed at the prior art existence is slow, mistake generation probability is bigger the invention provides a kind of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip and coding/decoding method thereof, can guarantee that the Chinese letter co decode procedure carries out quickly and smoothly.
The invention provides a kind of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip, comprising: feature searching unit, bar code parameter acquiring unit, version/format parameter acquiring unit, correction feature acquiring unit, module information processing unit, binarization unit, code word extraction unit and error-correcting decoding unit.Feature searching unit search characteristics figure in bar code image is determined the pixel coordinate of feature pattern.Bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of feature pattern.Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code.The correction feature acquiring unit is the search characteristics position on bar code image, obtains correction feature according to feature locations.The module information processing unit is according to Release parameter, bar code parameter and correction feature, computing module corresponding gray scale value.Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to the Chinese letter co module.The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the module of binary conversion treatment.Processing is deciphered to code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
The present invention provides a kind of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip again, comprises feature searching unit, bar code parameter acquiring unit, version/format parameter acquiring unit, module information processing unit, binarization unit, code word extraction unit and error-correcting decoding unit.Feature searching unit search characteristics figure in bar code image is determined the pixel coordinate of feature pattern.Bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of feature pattern.Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code.The module information processing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of Release parameter, bar code parameter and feature pattern, computing module corresponding gray scale value.Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to module.The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the module of binary conversion treatment.Processing is deciphered to code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of Chinese letter co coding/decoding method, and may further comprise the steps: a. obtains bar code image; B. the reconnaissance probe figure obtains bar code parameter; C. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; D. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature; E. according to the pixel coordinate of bar code parameter, module parameter and correction feature, the module coordinate of calculation correction feature; F. according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; G. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; H. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; I. extract code word according to the binary conversion treatment result; J. code word is deciphered processing.
The present invention provides a kind of Chinese letter co coding/decoding method in addition, and may further comprise the steps: a. obtains bar code image; B. search characteristics figure obtains the pixel coordinate of bar code parameter and feature pattern; C. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; D. according to the pixel coordinate of bar code parameter, module parameter and feature pattern, the module coordinate of calculated characteristics figure; E. according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of feature pattern, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; F. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; G. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; H. extract code word according to the binary conversion treatment result; I. code word is deciphered processing.
The present invention provides a kind of Chinese letter co coding/decoding method again, and may further comprise the steps: a. obtains bar code image; B. in the presumptive area of bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length; C. make up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections; D. according to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel; E. according to the characteristic of Chinese letter co, judge to confirm whether there is Chinese letter co by the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up; F. obtain the pixel coordinate of the feature pattern of the grid that capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up, obtain bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of feature pattern; G. obtain Release parameter, according to Release parameter acquisition module parameter; H. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature; I. according to the pixel coordinate of bar code parameter, module parameter and correction feature, the module coordinate of calculation correction feature; J. according to the pixel coordinate of correction feature and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate; K. according to mapping relations computing module gray-scale value; L. the module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment; M. the result according to binary conversion treatment extracts code word; N. code word is deciphered processing.
Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention, by the search correction feature, obtain the pixel grey scale coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, then according to this mapping relations computing module gray-scale value, the module gray-scale value is carried out binaryzation, and then the pairing bar code symbol figure of reduction Chinese letter co.Compared with prior art, Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention is to know the bar code characteristic information, and the binary conversion treatment of carrying out after according to the bar code characteristic information bar code image being proofreaied and correct, therefore reduced of the influence of factors such as noise, distortion to the binaryzation process, reduced the appearance of module error, increase the recognition capability of bar code greatly, promoted the power that is decoded into of bar-code identification.
Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention adopts the hardware pipeline structure, realizes the identification of bar code image is decoded by hardware logic, and owing to the hardware pipeline structure is suitable for bar code image is carried out pipelining and parallel processing, so processing speed is very fast.
For the processor decodes technology of prior art, Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention adopts the devices at full hardware structure, need not processor and participate in decoding, chip structure structure for processor is more simplified, area is littler, power consumption is lower, cost is lower, it is integrated to be easy to, and realizes portable application easily.Can combine with technology of Internet of things easily, for the application of barcode technology provides more wide development space.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the bar code symbol pictorial diagram of Chinese letter co.
Fig. 2 is the functional schematic of the bar code symbol figure of Chinese letter co.
Fig. 3 is the processing flow chart according to the coding/decoding method of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that obtains structure according to first kind of check point of correction feature acquiring unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the transfer principle synoptic diagram according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to second embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in second embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Relevant feature of the present invention and technology contents please refer to following detailed description and accompanying drawing, and accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation, is not to be used for the present invention is limited.
For making those skilled in the art be easier to understand technology contents of the present invention, the reference and explanation of following bar code term are provided, wherein part bar code term is to come according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T12905-2000, is not to be used for the present invention is limited.
Bar code symbol: the array configuration of bar, idle pattern form or the module of the expression information of certain bar code definition.
Code word: code word is represented the intermediate value of source data to the bar code symbol conversion.A kind of code word number of symbol has determined the quantity of all symbols of this bar code symbol.
Code word data: code word data is represented the value of data symbol.
The error correction code word: the error correcting code word table shows the value of error correction symbol.
Module: a smallest standalone unit in the matrix two-dimensional barcode, represent a bit binary data.
Functional graphic: the special pattern that is used for symbol location and feature identification in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol.Functional graphic comprises surveys figure, auxiliary correction graph, correction graph etc.
Survey figure: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for carrying out the special graph of symbol location, also claim the position sensing figure at bar code image.
Auxiliary correction graph: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for the figure of the pixel coordinate of definite symbol module.
Correction graph: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for determining of character position fixing with reference to figure.Have to a certain degree under distortion or the stained situation at bar code image, can proofread and correct the pixel coordinate of module in the bar code image by correction graph.
Coding region: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, do not occupied, be used for data and error correction code word are encoded, the zone of expression data symbol and error correction symbol by functional graphic.
Version: be used for the sequence of representing matrix formula two dimensional bar code symbol specification, reflected the module number in symbol dimension, the symbol and the arrangement mode of the module in the symbol.
Version information: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for determining the functional graphic of matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol version number.
Form: be used for employed error-correction level of representing matrix formula two dimensional bar code symbol and mask graph.
Format information: in the matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol figure, be used for determining the functional graphic of employed error-correction level of matrix two-dimensional barcode symbol and mask graph information.
Mask graph: in coding region, bitmap is carried out XOR and handle, its objective is the balanced proportion that makes dark and light module in the symbol, and reduce and influence the figure appearance that bar code image is handled with mask graph.
The binaryzation bar code image: with global threshold or local threshold the gray scale bar code image is handled, thus the bar code image of the two dark-and-light colour that obtains.
Threshold value: cut apart the boundary value of two inspection levels, its value itself is the lower limit of top grade.
Module error: in the binaryzation bar code image, inverted module takes place in depth state and design point.
Pixel: the single photosensitive unit pairing unit on bar code image on the light-sensitive array (as CCD or cmos device), a pixel is regarded as the complete unit of the minimum of bar code image usually.The storing mode of digital bar code image is a unit with pixel (Pixel) generally, and each pixel is the long-pending minimum unit in digital bar code image the inside.
Fig. 1 is the symbol figure synoptic diagram of Chinese letter co, and Fig. 2 is the symbol figure function declaration figure of Chinese letter co.For making those skilled in the art be easier to understand technology contents of the present invention, Chinese letter co is carried out simple declaration below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 1, Chinese letter co belongs to a kind of of matrix two-dimensional barcode by the invention of units such as Article Numbering Center of China, and it has similar feature to algebra matrix on structural feature and arrangement of elements.The symbolic construction of Chinese letter co is to be made of specific mark function figure and the square-shaped patterns module that is distributed on the matrix element position expression data message.It represents binary " 1 " with dark modular unit, represents binary " 0 " (certainly, as a kind of agreement, also available dark modular unit is represented binary " 0 ", represents binary " 1 " with light modular unit) with light modular unit.Code word data stream is represented by the various combination that is distributed in the locational unit module of matrix element.Chinese letter co comprises 1 to 84 version, and the module number of each version symbol of Chinese letter co (not comprising the clear area) is respectively 23 * 23 modules to 189 * 189 modules, and each version symbol increases by 2 modules than the every limit of last version symbol.Chinese letter co has 4 kinds of error-correction level, and recoverable code word ratio is: L18%, L215%, L323%, L430%.
As shown in Figure 2, the symbol figure of Chinese letter co is the quadrate array that is made of n * n nominal square modules, this quadrate array is made up of functional graphic district, function information district and information encoding region, and wherein the functional graphic district mainly comprises position sensing figure, position sensing figure marker space, correction graph and auxiliary correction graph.
Chinese letter co comprises four position sensing figures, lay respectively at the upper left corner, the upper right corner, the lower left corner and the lower right corner of symbol, as shown in Figure 2, each position sensing graphics shape is identical, just put towards difference, the position sensing figure that is positioned at the upper right corner and the lower left corner is put towards identical, and the position sensing figure that is positioned at the lower right corner and the upper left corner is put towards on the contrary.The position sensing feature size is 7 * 7 modules, whole position sensing figure can be understood as 3 * 3 dark modules, extend out 1 light limit that module is wide along its left side and top, follow-uply extend out 1 dark limit, 1 light limit, 1 dark limit gained that module is wide that module is wide that module is wide respectively.Its module width ratio is 1: 1: 1: 1: 3 with 3: 1: 1: 1: 1 (different along different directions search income value) are by the position sensing figure of 4 positions of identification, the position of definite symbol that can be clear and definite and direction.
It is the position sensing figure separator of 1 module that width is arranged between each position sensing figure and code area.It is to be 1 module by two width, and length is " L " shape figure that the light module of 8 modules vertically connects into.
The correction graph of Chinese letter co is one group of step-like broken line of being made up of the black and white adjacent edge, and is arranged in the auxiliary correction graph that the individual module in 2 * 3 on four edges of yard figure (5 light color, 1 dark color) is formed.
The function information district is meant a zone that module is wide between 4 position sensing figures and the internal code district, and the block size in each function information district is 17.The content that the function information district is comprised comprises: version information and format information, version information are represented the module number and the arrangement mode of Chinese letter co symbol, and format information is represented the error-correction level and the mask graph information of Chinese letter co.Wherein version information, error-correction level and mask graph are represented with 8,2,2 bits respectively, amount to 12.
Information encoding region comprises code word data, error correction code word and fills code word.Code word data is represented the data message of Chinese letter co symbol record.The error correction code word is that the data code word is carried out the formed error correction code word of Error Correction of Coding, is used for the data code word is carried out error correcting.
Below Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention is described in detail, Fig. 3 is the processing flow chart according to Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, in step 901, on bar code image, carry out signature search, to determine the pixel coordinate of functional graphic, according to the pixel coordinate and the module width ratio of functional graphic, calculate bar code parameter, bar code parameter comprises bar code zone, bar code direction and/or bar code module width, module coordinate etc.In one embodiment of the invention, this step can be passed through template matches measuring ability figure, mainly is that the mode of position sensing figure or correction graph realizes, also can realize by the mode of ranks line detection bar code.In another embodiment of the invention, the mode that this step also can passing ratio detects realizes, this mode comprises by the depth module frontier point in the scan mode detection bar code image, spacing between depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of position sensing figure or correction graph, determine the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image according to comparative result.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of and detects the embodiment of realizing the identification of Chinese letter co by the ranks line, and this method may further comprise the steps: at first in the presumptive area of bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length; Make up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then; According to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel; Last characteristic according to Chinese letter co, by the grid of row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel structure is judged to confirm whether there is Chinese letter co, and obtain the pixel coordinate of the feature pattern of the grid that capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up, obtain bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of feature pattern.
In step 902, pixel coordinate and bar code parameter according to detected functional graphic, on bar code image, extract version information and format information, version information and format information are decoded to obtain version/format parameter, for example comprise version number, error-correction level and mask graph etc.In some cases, version information and format information zone can be by stained and cause can estimating form, the version of bar code according to barcode types can't reading of data the time on the bar code image.Wherein form comprises mask graph and error-correction level.For example, by the permutation and combination of may carrying out of each version, mask graph and error-correction level is come version and form are estimated.For example 1～84 version of Chinese letter co and four error-correction level and mask graph are carried out permutation and combination, bar code image is carried out subsequent treatment according to the form of estimating, version.
In step 903, search characteristics figure on bar code image, the intersecting point, position sensing figure, correction graph, auxiliary correction graph, behavioral characteristics template, the feature templates etc. of ruling that for example comprise bar code image, obtain correction feature according to feature pattern, for example comprise the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value of check point.
In step 904, according to Release parameter determination module parameter, according to correction feature, module parameter and the pairing module coordinate of bar code parameter calculation correction feature, pixel coordinate and module coordinate calculation correction parameter according to correction feature, this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module, calculate the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter, coordinate and gray-scale value according to the pairing pixel of each module calculate each module corresponding gray scale value, constructing module figure.
In step 905, module map is carried out binary conversion treatment to extract bitmap.
In step 906, the mask graph that obtains according to step 902 goes mask to calculate to bitmap, for example is that XOR (XOR) calculates, and removes mask and the recovery table registration bit stream according to code word and error correction code word.
In step 907, carry out bit stream according to the queueing discipline of Chinese letter co and extract and be converted to code word data and error correction code word.
In step 908, the version number and the error-correction level that obtain according to step 902, again code word data and error correction code word are pressed the piece arrangement, carry out error-detecting and error correction calculations, correct deletion error and unknown error, up to the maximum error correction capability of version number and error-correction level defined, assembly sequence of blocks of data again then, the data bit stream of reduction expression Chinese letter co information.
In step 909, decipher according to the data bit stream of reduction, to obtain Chinese letter co information.
Below Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention is described in detail, Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4, data-carrier store 11 storage bar code images, 10 pairs of data storeies of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip, 11 storage bar code images are discerned decoding.Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip 10 comprises steering logic unit 100, feature searching unit 101, bar code parameter acquiring unit 102, version/format parameter acquiring unit 103, correction feature acquiring unit 104, module information processing unit 105, binarization unit 106, code word extraction unit 107 and error-correcting decoding unit 108.
Feature searching unit 101 is determined the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image by search characteristics figure in bar code image.Feature pattern includes but not limited to the functional graphic of bar code, for example position sensing figure, correction graph, auxiliary correction graph etc.Preferred embodiment, position feature search unit 101 adopts the mode searching position of template matches to survey figure, it is according to the module width ratio of position sensing figure, for example be according to 1: 1: 1: 1: 3 or 3: 1: 1: 1: 1 module width is than generating position sensing test pattern template, the relative bar code image of position sensing test pattern template is carried out translation and carry out the gray scale coupling, determining the best match position of position sensing test pattern template and bar code image, and determine the central point of position sensing figure in the bar code image and the pixel coordinate at edge according to best match position.In another embodiment of the invention, the mode that feature searching unit 101 also can passing ratio detects is determined the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image, this mode comprises by the depth module frontier point in the scan mode detection bar code image, spacing between depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of position sensing figure or correction graph, determine the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image according to comparative result.In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of embodiment of realizing the identification of Chinese letter co that detects by the ranks line, in this implementation method, feature searching unit 101 is at first in the presumptive area of bar code image, extraction meets a plurality of black-white boundary sections of predetermined length, make up a plurality of straight lines based on a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then, according to the parallel lines characteristic a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel, last characteristic according to Chinese letter co, judge to confirm whether there is Chinese letter co by the grid that row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up, and obtain the pixel coordinate of the feature pattern of the grid that capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up.
Bar code parameter acquiring unit 102 is calculated bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of the feature pattern that feature searching unit 101 is detected, for example bar code direction, bar code zone etc., further, bar code parameter acquiring unit 102 is according to pixel coordinate and all right further scope in bar code zone of module width ratio and the size of rough calculation bar code module width of feature pattern, be the ratio of bar code module width and pixel wide, can also further estimation block coordinate according to the scope and the bar code module width in bar code zone.
The pixel coordinate and the bar code parameter of the feature pattern that version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 is detected according to feature searching unit 101, on bar code image, extract version information and format information, version information and format information are decoded to obtain version/format parameter.Because version information, the format information of code area are the settings of adjacent locations test pattern, version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 is according to the pixel coordinate of position probing figure and bar code direction, bar code module width, can search for and obtain version information, format information zone, carry out to obtain version/format parameter behind binaryzation calculating and the error-correcting decoding, for example version number, error-correction level and mask graph etc.
In some cases, version information and format information zone can be by stained and cause can't reading of data on the bar code image.Version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 can be estimated form, the version of bar code according to barcode types.Wherein form comprises mask graph and error-correction level.For example, by the permutation and combination of may carrying out of each version, mask graph and error-correction level is come version and form are estimated.For example 1～84 version of Chinese letter co and four error-correction level and mask graph are carried out permutation and combination, bar code image is carried out subsequent treatment according to the form of estimating, version.
Correction feature acquiring unit 104 is by search characteristics position on bar code image, for example comprise the intersecting point, position sensing figure, correction graph of bar code image, auxiliary correction graph, dynamic template, marking-off plate etc., obtain correction feature according to feature locations, for example comprise pixel coordinate and/or the module coordinate and the gray-scale value of check point.The correction feature acquiring unit comprises numerous embodiments, is not to be defined in according to correction graph to obtain correction feature.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that obtains structure according to first kind of check point of correction feature acquiring unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, correction feature acquiring unit 104 comprises correction graph search unit 1041 and check point acquiring unit 1042.Similar with feature searching unit 101, correction graph search unit 1041 is according to the module width ratio and the bar code parameter of correction graph, for example be module width ratio generation correction graph detection template, will proofread and correct the relative bar code image of test pattern template and carry out translation and carry out the gray scale coupling according to correction graph.1042 pairs of matching results of check point acquiring unit carry out the similarity computing, to determine that correction graph detects the best match position of template and bar code image, determines the turning point of correction graph in the bar code image and/or the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value of turning point according to best match position.
Module information processing unit 105 is according to Release parameter determination module parameter, according to correction feature, module parameter and the pairing module coordinate of bar code parameter calculation correction feature, pixel coordinate and module coordinate calculation correction parameter according to correction feature, this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module, calculate the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter, coordinate and gray-scale value according to the pairing pixel of each module calculate each module corresponding gray scale value, constructing module figure.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.Module information processing unit 105 comprises module parameter computing unit 1051, correction feature module coordinate computing unit 1052, correction parameter computing unit 1053, module pixel point computing unit 1054 and module gray-scale value computing unit 1055.Module parameter computing unit 1051 for example is a version number according to Release parameter, by tabling look-up or the mode of function calculation is obtained and the corresponding module line number of Release parameter, columns and module number.The pixel coordinate of the correction feature that correction feature module coordinate computing unit 1052 provides according to correction feature acquiring unit 104, calculate the relative position of acquisition pixel coordinate in the bar code zone in conjunction with bar code parameter, obtain the module coordinate of correction feature according to relative position binding modules calculation of parameter.Correction parameter computing unit 1053 calculates the acquisition correction parameter according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, and this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module.Module pixel point computing unit 1054 calculates the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter.Mapping between module and the pixel is calculated and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of perspective transform, quadratic polynomial, cubic polynomial, triangle gridding, wavelet transformation or aforementioned calculation mode etc.Module pixel point computing unit 1054 can calculate the coordinate of corresponding pixel by module coordinate, also can calculate the coordinate of corresponding module by pixel coordinate.The present invention is not limited aforementioned calculation process and the calculating means taked thereof.Module gray-scale value computing unit 1055 calculates each module corresponding gray scale value according to the coordinate and the gray-scale value of the pairing pixel of each module, with constructing module figure.The gray-scale value of module calculates and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of statistical computation, interpolation calculation, mean value computation, weighted calculation or aforementioned calculation mode etc., and the present invention is not limited aforementioned calculation process and the calculating means taked thereof.
Understand the processing procedure of module information processing unit of the present invention for ease of those skilled in the art, the present invention's a kind of computing method of giving an example describe the transfer principle of module information processing unit of the present invention, but these computing method should not be construed as the restriction to module information processing unit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the transfer principle synoptic diagram according to module information processing unit in first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.Have mapping relations between module 81 and the pixel region 82, deformed region 821 is corresponding to the mapping scope of module 81 on pixel region 82.The central point W of module 81 is W ' at pixel region 82 pairing mapping points.As shown in Figure 9, module 81 pairing pixels comprise 16 pixels of A-P, and the pixel that centers on mapping point W ' is A, B, 4 pixels of C, D.Center deformed region 822 is corresponding to the mapping scope of central area on pixel region 82 of module 81.For the matrix bar code, the module value that the central area of module is reflected is the most accurate.Preferred embodiment, can calculate gray-scale value with the corresponding module centers point W of mapping point W ' by A, B, 4 gray values of pixel points of C, D.Certainly, also can come the gray-scale value of computing module 81 by pixel region 82 pairing all pixels.That is, the gray-scale value of module 81 can calculate by the gray-scale value of the plurality of pixels point corresponding with it.
Code word extraction unit 107 goes mask to calculate according to the mask graph that version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 obtains to bitmap, for example be that XOR (XOR) calculates, remove mask and recovery table registration bit stream, carry out bit stream according to the queueing discipline of Chinese letter co and extract and be converted to code word according to code word and error correction code word.In some cases, bar code does not adopt mask graph to handle when coding generates, and code word extraction unit 107 can directly extract the bit stream of expression code word data and error correction code word and be converted to code word data and the error correction code word according to bitmap.
Error-correcting decoding unit 108 is according to version number and error-correction level that version/format parameter acquiring unit 103 obtains, again code word data and error correction code word are pressed the piece arrangement, carry out error-detecting and error correction calculations, correct deletion error and unknown error, up to the maximum error correction capability of version number and error-correction level defined, assembly sequence of blocks of data again then, the data bit stream of reduction expression Chinese letter co information, data bit stream according to reduction is deciphered, to obtain Chinese letter co information.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation according to second embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.Be with the difference of first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention, the structure of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip 20 has been done following improvement, it has cancelled the correction feature acquiring unit by the search that feature searching unit 201 realizes functional graphic and/or correction feature.
Similar with first embodiment of the present invention, feature searching unit 201 is determined the pixel coordinate of feature pattern on bar code image by search characteristics figure in bar code image.Feature pattern for example is the position sensing figure.By adjusting the module width ratio and/or the module coordinate of template matches, feature searching unit 101 can also be searched for other feature patterns, for example correction graph.Feature searching unit 201 detects template according to the module width of correction graph than generating correction graph, will proofread and correct the relative bar code image of test pattern template and carry out translation and carry out the gray scale coupling.1042 pairs of matching results of check point acquiring unit carry out the similarity computing, to determine that correction graph detects the best match position of template and bar code image, determines the central point of correction graph in the bar code image and/or the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value at edge according to best match position.
Feature pattern includes but not limited to the functional graphic of bar code, for example position sensing figure, correction graph, auxiliary correction graph etc.For making the present invention of those skilled in the art's easy to understand, the form of expression to the feature pattern outside the functional graphic illustrates below.Chinese letter co belongs to a kind of of square matrix code, and its bar code symbol figure has the algebra matrix feature of square matrix code, and bar code symbol can be considered as being made up of the different rectangular module of several depths.By choosing in the bar code image zone, can form the behavioral characteristics template with respect to of the set of adjacent block figure than the significant figure of rectangular module preferably that is easier to distinguish.Can also form the line feature templates by being positioned at two homochromy modules (dark module or light module) of the space on the same row or column on the search bar code image in addition.
Feature searching unit 201, is carried out the relative bar code image of detection template of behavioral characteristics template or line feature templates translation and is carried out the gray scale coupling than the detection template that generates behavioral characteristics template or line feature templates according to the pairing module width of module coordinate of behavioral characteristics template or line feature templates.Matching result is carried out the similarity computing, to determine behavioral characteristics template or the detection template of line feature templates and the best match position of bar code image, determine behavioral characteristics template or the central point of line feature templates and/or the pixel coordinate and the gray-scale value at edge in the bar code image according to best match position.
The pixel coordinate of the feature pattern that module information processing unit 205 direct reception feature searching unit 201 are provided is handled as correction feature, correction feature for example is the central point of position sensing figure in the bar code image and the pixel coordinate at edge, the central point of correction graph and the pixel coordinate at edge, the pixel coordinate of auxiliary correction graph, or the pixel coordinate of the central point of behavioral characteristics template or line feature templates etc.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation according to module information processing unit in second embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention.Be with the difference of first embodiment of Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention, correction feature module coordinate computing unit 2052 connection features search units 201, and calculate the module coordinate that obtains feature pattern according to the module parameter that bar code parameter and module parameter computing unit 2051 provide.Correction parameter computing unit 2053 calculates the acquisition correction parameter according to the pixel coordinate and the module coordinate of feature pattern, and this correction parameter has reflected the pixel of bar code image and the mapping relations between the bar code module.Module pixel point computing unit 2054 calculates the pairing pixel of each module according to module parameter and correction parameter.Mapping between module and the pixel is calculated and can be accomplished in several ways, and comprises the combination of perspective transform, quadratic polynomial, cubic polynomial, triangle gridding, wavelet transformation or aforementioned calculation mode etc.Module gray-scale value computing unit 2055 calculates each module corresponding gray scale value according to the coordinate and the gray-scale value of the pairing pixel of each module, with constructing module figure.
Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention, by the search correction feature, obtain the pixel grey scale coordinate and the module coordinate of correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, then according to this mapping relations computing module gray-scale value, the module gray-scale value is carried out binaryzation, and then the pairing bar code symbol figure of reduction Chinese letter co.Compared with prior art, Chinese letter co coding/decoding method of the present invention is to know the bar code characteristic information, and the binary conversion treatment of carrying out after according to the bar code characteristic information bar code image being proofreaied and correct, therefore reduced of the influence of factors such as noise, distortion to the binaryzation process, reduced the appearance of module error, increase the recognition capability of bar code greatly, promoted the power that is decoded into of bar-code identification.
Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention adopts the hardware pipeline structure, realizes the identification of bar code image is decoded by hardware logic, and owing to the hardware pipeline structure is suitable for bar code image is carried out pipelining and parallel processing, so processing speed is very fast.
For the processor decodes technology of prior art, Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip of the present invention adopts the devices at full hardware structure, need not processor and participate in decoding, chip structure structure for processor is more simplified, area is littler, power consumption is lower, cost is lower, it is integrated to be easy to, and realizes portable application easily.Can combine with technology of Internet of things easily, for the application of barcode technology provides more wide development space.
Above with reference to description of drawings various preferred embodiments of the present invention, but only otherwise deviate from the spirit and scope of the invention, those skilled in the art can carry out modifications and changes on the various forms to it, all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip comprises:
Feature searching unit, the search characteristics figure is determined the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern in bar code image;
Bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern;
Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code;
The correction feature acquiring unit, search characteristics position on described bar code image obtains correction feature according to described feature locations;
The module information processing unit, according to described Release parameter, described bar code parameter and described correction feature, computing module corresponding gray scale value;
Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to described module;
The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the described module of binary conversion treatment;
Processing is deciphered to described code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
2. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feature searching unit according to the module width of described feature pattern than generating feature test pattern template, described feature pattern is detected the described relatively bar code image of template to carry out translation and carries out the gray scale coupling, detect the best match position of template and described bar code image with definite described feature pattern, and determine the pixel coordinate of feature pattern described in the described bar code image according to described best match position.
3. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feature searching unit detects depth module frontier point in the described bar code image by scan mode, spacing between described depth module frontier point relation is compared with the module size ratio of described feature pattern, determine the pixel coordinate of feature pattern described in the described bar code image according to comparative result.
4. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described feature searching unit is in the presumptive area of described bar code image, extraction meets a plurality of black-white boundary sections of predetermined length, make up a plurality of straight lines based on described a plurality of black-white boundary sections of extracting then, according to the parallel lines characteristic described a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups again and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel, last characteristic according to Chinese letter co, judge to confirm whether there is Chinese letter co by the grid that described capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up, and obtain the pixel coordinate of the described feature pattern of the grid that described capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up.
5. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described version/format parameter acquiring unit is according to the pixel coordinate and the described bar code parameter of described feature pattern, on described bar code image, extract version information and format information, described version information and described format information are decoded to obtain described version/format parameter.
6. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described version/format parameter acquiring unit is estimated to obtain described Release parameter and/or format parameter according to form, the version of Chinese letter co.
7. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described module information processing unit comprises the module parameter computing unit, correction feature module coordinate computing unit, the correction parameter computing unit, module pixel point computing unit and module gray-scale value computing unit, described module parameter computing unit is according to described Release parameter acquisition module parameter, described correction feature module coordinate computing unit is according to described bar code parameter, the pixel coordinate of described module parameter and described feature pattern, calculate the module coordinate of described feature pattern, described correction parameter computing unit is according to the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern and the module coordinate of described feature pattern, calculate the pixel coordinate of described bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate, described module pixel point computing unit calculates the pairing pixel coordinate of each module according to described mapping relations, and described module gray-scale value computing unit calculates the gray-scale value of described each module according to the pairing pixel coordinate of described each module.
8. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip comprises:
Feature searching unit, the search characteristics figure is determined the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern in bar code image;
Bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern;
Version/format parameter acquiring unit obtains the Release parameter and/or the format parameter of bar code;
The module information processing unit, according to the pixel coordinate of described Release parameter, described bar code parameter and described feature pattern, computing module corresponding gray scale value;
Binarization unit is carried out binary conversion treatment to described module;
The code word extraction unit extracts code word according to the described module of binary conversion treatment;
Processing is deciphered to described code word in the error-correcting decoding unit.
9. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described feature searching unit, search first feature pattern is determined the pixel coordinate of described first feature pattern in described bar code image, and described bar code parameter acquiring unit is obtained described bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of described first feature pattern.
10. Chinese-sensible code barcode decoding chip according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described feature searching unit, search second feature pattern is determined the pixel coordinate of described second feature pattern in described bar code image, described module information processing unit calculates described module corresponding gray scale value according to the pixel coordinate of described Release parameter, described bar code parameter and described second feature pattern.
11. a Chinese letter co coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. searching position is surveyed figure, obtains bar code parameter;
C. obtain Release parameter, according to described Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
D. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of correction feature;
E. according to the pixel coordinate of described bar code parameter, described module parameter and described correction feature, calculate the module coordinate of described correction feature;
F. according to the pixel coordinate of described correction feature and the module coordinate of described correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of described bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
G. according to described mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
H. described module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
I. the result according to described binary conversion treatment extracts code word;
J. described code word is deciphered processing.
12. a Chinese letter co coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. search characteristics figure obtains the pixel coordinate of bar code parameter and feature pattern;
C. obtain Release parameter, according to described Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
D. according to the pixel coordinate of described bar code parameter, described module parameter and described feature pattern, calculate the module coordinate of described feature pattern;
E. according to the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern and the module coordinate of described feature pattern, calculate the pixel coordinate of described bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
F. according to described mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
G. described module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
H. extract code word according to described binary conversion treatment result;
I. described code word is deciphered processing.
13. Chinese letter co coding/decoding method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, step b also further comprises search first feature pattern, obtains described bar code parameter; Search for second feature pattern, obtain the pixel coordinate of described second feature pattern.
14. Chinese letter co coding/decoding method according to claim 12 is characterized in that this method also comprises the pixel coordinate according to described bar code parameter, described module parameter and described feature pattern, calculates the module coordinate of described second feature pattern; According to the pixel coordinate of described second feature pattern and the module coordinate of described second feature pattern, calculate the pixel coordinate of described bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate.
15. a Chinese letter co coding/decoding method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. obtain bar code image;
B. in the presumptive area of described bar code image, extract a plurality of black-white boundary sections that meet predetermined length;
C. make up a plurality of straight lines based on described a plurality of black-white boundary sections;
D. according to the parallel lines characteristic described a plurality of straight lines are divided into groups and form row sets of parallel and row sets of parallel;
E. according to the characteristic of Chinese letter co, judge to confirm whether there is Chinese letter co by the grid that described capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel are made up;
F. obtain the pixel coordinate of the feature pattern of the grid that capable sets of parallel and row sets of parallel make up, obtain bar code parameter according to the pixel coordinate of described feature pattern;
G. obtain Release parameter, according to described Release parameter acquisition module parameter;
H. search for correction feature, obtain the pixel coordinate of described correction feature;
I. according to the pixel coordinate of described bar code parameter, described module parameter and described correction feature, calculate the module coordinate of described correction feature;
J. according to the pixel coordinate of described correction feature and the module coordinate of described correction feature, calculate the pixel coordinate of described bar code image and the mapping relations between the module coordinate;
K. according to described mapping relations computing module gray-scale value;
L. described module gray-scale value is carried out binary conversion treatment;
M. the result according to described binary conversion treatment extracts code word;
N. described code word is deciphered processing.
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