CN101684507A - Direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas - Google Patents
Direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101684507A CN101684507A CN200810140082A CN200810140082A CN101684507A CN 101684507 A CN101684507 A CN 101684507A CN 200810140082 A CN200810140082 A CN 200810140082A CN 200810140082 A CN200810140082 A CN 200810140082A CN 101684507 A CN101684507 A CN 101684507A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 44
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012256 powdered iron Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical group [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012802 pre-warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas, comprising: firstly, adding iron ore and prereducing mineral powder into an iron slag bath, dissolving the iron ore or the prereducing mineral powder into the slag, blowing reducing gas into the slag layer, reducing the slag containing FeO, and obtaining molten steel with carbon content less than 1.3%. CO generated in the reduction reaction is mainly used for secondary combustion to compensate heat energy needed by the reduction reaction, and the exhaust gas is used for prewarming and prereducing (the iron mineral is prereduced in very weak reducing atmosphere). The technique fully utilizes the features that the reducing gas will not carburize and siliconize the molten steel, and implements the production of molten steel from iron mineral only by one direct steel-smelting furnace. The technique of the invention has advantages of high yield, low energy consumption per ton steel, save of equipment andconstruction investment, sufficient simplification of physical distribution, and the technique avoids temperature loss of the molten iron in transport process, and easily implements continuous production and automation control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production technique of steel, relate in particular to a kind of technology of reducing iron ore with gas direct production molten steel.
Background technology
Current most important Steel Production Flow Chart (long flow process) obtains molten steel from iron ore, needs to also have numerous auxiliary process links through sintering (or pelletizing), coking, blast furnace ironmaking, four main technique links of converter steelmaking.The reduction of iron ore is indirect reduction more than 70% in the blast furnace ironmaking, belong to gas-solid reaction, require blast furnace to keep air permeability and good, so the fine iron breeze that obtains after the lean ore ore dressing and rich ore lump ore powder all must could be for the blast furnace uses, promptly through oversintering (or pelletizing) technological process through agglomeration.The material treatment capacity of sintering (or pelletizing) accounts for second of Steel Complex (being only second to ironmaking produces), and energy consumption is only second to ironmaking and steel rolling and occupies the 3rd.The purposes of coke in blast furnace, be fuel and the ferriferous oxide reductive agent of smelting institute's heat requirement as providing on the one hand, this effect now part is replaced by coal powder injection, the coke more important role is after the softening fusion of ore, as the skeleton that supports stock column, be again the coal gas path simultaneously up to tens of meters.The ratio of coking coal in raw coal is less, and reserves are limited, and this brings sense of crisis certainly will for the development of the long flow process that relies on coking coal.The long flow process of tradition has developed into the peak, but the characteristics of blast furnace ironmaking have determined that traditional long flow process is in large scale, and investment is high, and the production cycle is long, the energy consumption per ton steel height, and environmental pollution is serious.
Directly reduction-electric furnace flow process also can obtain molten steel from iron ore, do not need coke, but the direct-reduced iron major part is produced with shaft furnace, still need the iron mineral powder agglomeration operation, and the natural gas source that need enrich, coal-based rotary kiln method production efficiency is low, and the rotary hearth furnace method is because the thin scale of the bed of material is difficult to expansion.Therefore directly reduction-electric furnace flow process still is difficult to and the long flow process competition of tradition, and the output of steel share in worldwide only accounts for 5%, and China then seldom.
Melting and reducing-bof process has changed the degree of dependence of traditional long flow process STRENGTH ON COKE, for example COREX fused reduction iron-smelting-bof process only needs a spot of coke, it only is divided into two the function of blast furnace on the principle, fusing separates after elder generation's gaseous state indirect reduction, and shortcoming also is conspicuous: the big (500m of oxygen-consumption
3/ t), the long flow process of output investment ratio tradition is high by 10%～20%, and tempo is slow.Melting and reducing-bof process is the change to operation before the long flow process iron of tradition.
Also have some patents to propose direct steelmaking or step steel-making, CN87101210A inventor makes reductive agent and fuel simultaneously with carbon in converter, and a large amount of CO of generation only do preheating and use, reclaim its physics heat, this is uneconomic, also is in theory to run counter to the ironmaking principle, can not be accomplished.He mention with intermediate frequency furnace or electric arc furnace direct steelmaking, do not utilize a large amount of CO of generation equally, power consumption will be very big, can not be used for producing.Patent CN1116240A and patent CN87101210A, author are same people, and the know-why basically identical increases and refinement on the content a little.
Patent CN1087951A obtains the technology of sponge iron, is equivalent to coal-based shaft furnace process in theory, and the ironmaking circle generally acknowledges that this technology is immature, and production cost is higher.Fatal shortcoming of this patent is that to enter superior part holding chamber up when the pore of high temperature reduction gas by sponge iron chute bottom, and during with the pre-thermal reduction of ore, the chute pore blocks easily, as changes the side-blown reducing gas into and then realize easily.This patent is not mentioned iron ore yet must agglomeration.Fine ore can not pass through reduction shaft furnace.The raw material that patent CN1348013A uses is a pellet, and the know-why that obtains sponge iron also is equivalent to coal-based shaft furnace process, compares infeasible economically with traditional process.
Patent CN1223301A produces sponge iron with the complex mechanism of tunnel furnace, charging ram and ploughshare plate, and its reaction mechanism is similar to coal-based rotary kiln technology, and patent CN1818082A reaction mechanism also is similar to coal-based rotary kiln technology, and production efficiency can not be high.
Patent CN1850997A proposes to use the induction furnace direct steelmaking, adding powdered iron ore, coal, flux obtain molten iron earlier in same induction furnace, oxygen blast and adding flux obtain molten steel in molten iron then, be feasible on know-why, but induction furnace small scale, power consumption is big, and is uneconomical, can not scale operation.
Patent CN1851000A proposes to utilize the converter direct steelmaking with the mixture block of powdered iron ore and pulverized anthracite, this method top BOTTOM OXYGEN simultaneously in the mixture block.BOTTOM OXYGEN only can be with the continuous oxidation of the Fe that restores, and the essence of this reaction is exactly the continuous oxidation of coal.Correct method should be to reduce with coal in the slag district, also can blow a spot of oxygen in the slag district to increase the heat of reaction, the amount of being blown into by control oxygen realizes coal reduced iron mineral, in gas phase zone oxygen blast secondary combustion, the heat of secondary combustion offers the heat absorption of slag district reduction reaction, but BOTTOM OXYGEN ferric oxide liquid never again.So the method coal consumption height of this patent proposition, and productivity is not necessarily high, big production gone up very difficult realization.
The iron smelting method that patent CN1073212A proposes, on the principle and the Huo Gewen Iron And Steel Company of Holland in 1988, British Steel Corporation consistent with the cyclone furnace formula melting and reducing flow process that gondola Yi Waer company develops.Cyclone furnace formula melting and reducing has only carried out interim test, so far without any progress.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas.
The invention provides a kind of direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas, comprise the following steps:
1) be pre-formed an iron bath or slag iron blended molten bath in the direct steelmaking stove, temperature is more than 1400 ℃;
2) ferrous material and flux are loaded in the direct steelmaking stove, and the very fast dissolving of the ferrous material of adding enters in the slag, is blown into reducing gas to slag blanket, and the reduction of this reducing gas contains the FeO slag, obtain carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel;
3) warm air that is blown into oxygen or 500～1200 ℃ in the space of direct steelmaking slag layer top produces high-temp waste gas with the CO that the burning reduction reaction produces;
4) molten steel and slag directly flow out from siphon tapping mouth and slag notch in the direct steelmaking stove.
Preferably, step 2) described ferrous material chosen from Fe fine ore, contain fine iron ore, contain iron ore, the iron content pellet, through in powdered iron ore, iron scale and/or the ion dust mud contaning of fine grinding prereduction one or more;
Preferably, step 2) described flux is unslaked lime and rhombspar.
Preferably, step 2) described ferrous material and flux can add with the charge hoisting by belt conveyer machine, add or use N with screw feeder
2The spray gun of doing carrier gas sprays into.
Preferably, step 2) the described reducing gas mixture that is Sweet natural gas, coke-oven gas or Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas.Sweet natural gas can mix with arbitrary proportion with the mixture of coke-oven gas, and preferred, the volume ratio of Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas is 1: 100～100: 1; Preferred, the volume ratio of Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas is 1: 50～50: 1.
Preferably, the bottom from the direct steelmaking stove is blown into N in the step 3)
2The molten bath is mixed in gas mixing.
Preferably, the high-temp waste gas of direct steelmaking stove can generate electricity with waste heat boiler cooling recovery sensible heat.
Preferably, powdered iron ore carried out joining after the fine grinding preheating prereduction carry out direct steelmaking in the direct steelmaking stove, powdered iron ore and Wingdale mix and are finely ground to below 40 microns, in carrying bed apparatus with the heating by the exhaust gases prereduction behind the upgrading of direct steelmaking stove.
The present invention also provides a kind of direct steelmaking equipment, comprising: fine ore is carried bed (1), feeding device (2), reducing gas spray gun (3), gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4), direct steelmaking stove (5), direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6), direct steelmaking stove tap hole (7); Direct steelmaking stove (5) is barrel-shaped stove, comprises slag district and molten iron district.Conveying bed apparatus (1) is arranged above the direct steelmaking stove, carry bed apparatus (1) to link to each other with direct steelmaking stove (5) by feeding device (2); Reducing gas spray gun (3) inserts the slag district, gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4) is inserted into the gas-phase space of direct steelmaking stove top, direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6) is positioned at furnace wall middle part, the direct steelmaking stove outside, has direct steelmaking stove tap hole (7) on the furnace wall of the direct steelmaking stove outside.
Described direct steelmaking stove tap hole is the siphon tapping mouth.
Preferably, described direct steelmaking stove also comprises bottom blowing stirring gas gas permeable brick (8); Bottom blowing is stirred gas gas permeable brick (8) and is positioned at direct steelmaking stove furnace bottom.
Preferably, described feeding device (2) is selected from: use N
2Spray gun, screw feeder or charge hoisting by belt conveyer machine as carrier gas.
Use N
2The spray gun of doing carrier gas can use water cooled lance, also can use the spray gun of other form.Gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4) can use water cooled oxygen lance, also can use the spray gun of other form.
Preferably, direct steelmaking stove (5) comprises anti-material system, water-cooling system, off gas treatment and residual neat recovering system.
The present invention from the concrete operational path that iron ore directly obtains molten steel is: ferrous material (contain fine iron ore, contain iron ore, the iron content pellet, the powdered iron ore through fine grinding prereduction, iron scale, ion dust mud contaning one or more) and flux (comprising unslaked lime, rhombspar) are loaded in the direct steelmaking stove, formed an iron bath in the direct steelmaking stove in advance, or slag iron blended molten bath, temperature is more than 1400 ℃.Ferrous material and flux can add with the charge hoisting by belt conveyer machine, also can add with screw feeder, or use N
2The spray gun of doing carrier gas sprays into.The very fast dissolving of ferrous material that adds enters in the slag.Be blown into reducing gas to slag blanket, the reduction of this reducing gas contains the FeO slag, obtains carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel; The warm air that is blown into oxygen or 500～1200 ℃ in the space of direct steelmaking slag layer top provides heat for the ferriferous oxide direct reduction reactors of a large amount of heat absorptions with the CO that the burning reduction reaction produces.Can also be blown into N from the bottom of direct steelmaking stove
2Agitation molten pool also can not be blown into end stirring N
2Molten steel directly flows out from the siphon port in the direct steelmaking stove.The high-temp waste gas of direct steelmaking stove can reclaim sensible heat with the waste heat boiler cooling and generate electricity.The present invention also comprises powdered iron ore carried out joining after the fine grinding preheating prereduction and carries out direct steelmaking in the direct steelmaking stove, breeze and flux (refer in Wingdale, unslaked lime, the rhombspar one or more) mix and are finely ground to below 40 microns, in the conveying bed apparatus of special use with the heating by the exhaust gases prereduction behind the upgrading of direct steelmaking stove.
Advantage of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) technology of existing all production crude steel is followed from the operational path of ore or oxides-containing iron → molten iron or direct-reduced iron → molten steel, is the process of (also contain gangue in the direct-reduced iron, need the fusing refining) of decarburization after the first carburetting.Direct steelmaking technology of the present invention has only a stove, and is very compact, makes the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION flow process obtain in essence simplification.
(2) the present invention is by the reducing gas of being jetted in slag iron bath slag district, with the oxide compound reduction of iron.Owing to do not use coal and coke, and reducing gas only blows to the slag surface, and the molten steel carburizing of generation is few, need not decarburization when obtaining the finished product molten steel.
(3) the dissolved oxygen activity height because iron liquid carbon activity is low, the Si in the gangue can not be reduced in the molten steel, need not to take off Si when obtaining the finished product molten steel, therefore can obtain molten steel from iron ore or one step of oxides-containing iron, does not have intermediates such as molten iron or direct-reduced iron.
(4) the present invention has realized producing molten steel from ore in a direct steelmaking stove, compares with existing steelmaking process, and equipment and initial cost are saved in a large number, and conservative calculating can be saved equipment and initial cost more than 50%; Logistics is fully simplified, and energy consumption per ton steel is low; In traditional Steel Plant, the logistics of each process procedure is very busy, and intensification cooling is for several times gone through in the iron content logistics, loses a large amount of physics heat, new direct steelmaking technology has only a stove, very compact, logistics is simply orderly, and has avoided the temperature loss of molten iron in transportation, be easy to realize directization of producing and control automatically, be intelligent Steel Plant of new generation, behind employing the present invention, great change takes place in the looks of Steel Plant.
Description of drawings
Device letter of the present invention shows that schema sees accompanying drawing 1.The 1st, fine ore is carried bed, and here fine ore is preheated prereduction.The 2nd, feeding device.The 3rd, the reducing gas spray gun.The 4th, gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle.The 5th, the direct steelmaking stove.The 6th, direct steelmaking stove slag notch.The 7th, direct steelmaking stove tap hole.The 8th, the gas gas permeable brick is stirred in bottom blowing.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further specify of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Direct steelmaking equipment of the present invention comprises: fine ore is carried bed (1), feeding device (2), reducing gas spray gun (3), gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4), direct steelmaking stove (5), direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6), direct steelmaking stove tap hole (7); Direct steelmaking stove (5) is barrel-shaped stove, and the longitudinal section as shown in Figure 1.Direct steelmaking stove (5) comprises anti-material system, water-cooling system, off gas treatment and residual neat recovering system.
Conveying bed apparatus (1) is arranged above the direct steelmaking stove, carry bed apparatus (1) to link to each other with direct steelmaking stove (5) by feeding device (2); Reducing gas spray gun (3) inserts the slag district, gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4) is inserted into the gas-phase space of direct steelmaking stove top, direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6) is positioned at furnace wall middle part, the direct steelmaking stove outside, has direct steelmaking stove siphon tapping mouth (7) on the furnace wall of the direct steelmaking stove outside.
Described direct steelmaking stove also comprises bottom blowing stirring gas gas permeable brick (8); Bottom blowing is stirred gas gas permeable brick (8) and is positioned at direct steelmaking stove furnace bottom.
Fine iron breeze and Wingdale, rhombspar are mixed, and their proportioning determines that according to the composition of these several materials slag in smelting process and by material balance the basicity of generally getting slag is 1～1.5, Al
2O
35%～18%, MgO 5%～10%, and FeO is below 10%.Obtain micro mist less than 40 μ m with the ball mill fine grinding, with the heating by the exhaust gases prereduction behind the upgrading of this micro mist usefulness direct steelmaking stove in carrying bed 1, the temperature after this micro mist preheating is 300～600 ℃, and the prereduction rate is 10～30%.
With the fine iron breeze N after the preheating prereduction
2Be injected in the direct steelmaking stove during slag iron bathes by water cooled lance 2 as carrier gas, formed a slag iron bath in advance in the direct steelmaking stove, thickness of slag layer is at about 10～1000mm, about 10～the 2000mm of iron bath thickness, after the mixture of fine iron breeze and flux adds, very fast dissolving enters (less than one fen clock time) in the slag, be blown into Sweet natural gas with natural gas spraying gun 3 to slag blanket simultaneously, cracking generates hydrogen and carbon under the Sweet natural gas high temperature, hydrogen and carbon reduction contain the FeO slag, obtain carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel.
Direct reduction reactor has produced a large amount of CO gas, forms foamy slag in slag, has been full of the upper space of direct steelmaking stove simultaneously.Be blown into oxygen with water cooled oxygen lance 4 to the upper space of direct steelmaking stove, the CO so that the burning reduction reaction produces produces high-temp waste gas; The heat that secondary combustion produces passes to reaction zone with radiation and heat conducting mode.In slag iron is bathed,, behind the melt back pond that falls, be about to the secondary combustion heat and take back the molten bath because the slag iron that the material winding-up splashes drips the heat that has absorbed secondary combustion.
Waste gas in the direct steelmaking stove 5 cooling earlier reclaims physics heat, is used for generating, is used for the preheating prereduction of iron ore micro mist then.Direct steelmaking stove 5 has slag notch 6 and tap hole 7, and the molten steel of production and slag directly flow out respectively.The crude molten steel composition C 0.1～0.8% that obtains, Si, Mn＜0.05%, S, P＜0.04% can obtain qualified molten steel through follow-up external refining and deoxidation alloying operation.
Embodiment 2:
With fine iron breeze and part contain iron ore and Wingdale, rhombspar mixes, their proportioning determines that according to the composition of these several materials slag in smelting process and by material balance the basicity of generally getting slag is 1～1.5, Al
2O
35%～18%, MgO 5%～10%, and FeO is below 10%.Then mixture is packed in the direct steelmaking stove 5 by screw feeder 2.Leave the iron bath that thickness is 100～800mm in the direct steelmaking stove 5 in advance, the very fast formation liquid form mixt of fine iron breeze and flux slag blanket, be blown into coke-oven gas with coke-oven gas spray gun 3 to slag blanket simultaneously, the coke-oven gas reduction contains the FeO slag, obtains carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel.
At the upper space of direct steelmaking stove, reduction reaction has produced a large amount of CO, and with water cooled oxygen lance 4 oxygen blast, the CO secondary combustion provides the part heat for the reduction reaction of thick slag blanket.In direct steelmaking stove 5, stir gas gas permeable brick 8 bottom blowing N by bottom blowing
2Agitation molten pool is for ferriferous oxide in the C reducing slag in the molten iron is created dynamic conditions.
Molten steel continuously outflows from the siphon tapping mouth, and the slag of generation continuously outflows by slag notch.Crude molten steel composition C0.15～0.7% that obtains, Si, Mn＜0.05%, S, P＜0.04% can obtain qualified molten steel through follow-up external refining and deoxidation alloying operation.Waste gas in the direct steelmaking stove reclaims physics heat through cooling, is used for generating.
To mix through powdered iron ore and Wingdale, the rhombspar of fine grinding prereduction, their proportioning determines that according to the composition of these several materials slag in smelting process and by material balance the basicity of generally getting slag is 1～1.5, Al
2O
35%～18%, MgO 5%～10%, and FeO is below 10%.Other is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4
Iron content pellet and ion dust mud contaning and Wingdale, rhombspar mix, and their proportioning determines that according to the composition of these several materials slag in smelting process and by material balance the basicity of generally getting slag is 1～1.5, Al
2O
35%～18%, MgO 5%～10%, and FeO is below 10%.Then mixture is packed in the direct steelmaking stove 5 by feeding device 2.Leave the iron bath that thickness is 100～800mm in the direct steelmaking stove 5 in advance, the very fast formation liquid form mixt of fine iron breeze and flux slag blanket, be blown into the mixture of Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas simultaneously to slag blanket with reducing gas spray gun 3, the reduction of the mixture of Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas contains the FeO slag, obtains carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel.Other is with embodiment 2.
Claims (10)
1. a direct steelmaking technology comprises the following steps:
1) be pre-formed an iron bath in the direct steelmaking stove, or slag iron blended molten bath, temperature is more than 1400 ℃;
2) ferrous material and flux are loaded in the direct steelmaking stove, and the very fast dissolving of the ferrous material of adding enters in the slag, is blown into reducing gas to slag blanket, and reducing gas reduction contains the FeO slag, obtain carbon content less than 1.3% molten steel;
3) in the space of direct steelmaking slag layer top, be blown into the CO that the warm air of oxygen or 500～1200 ℃ produces with the burning reduction reaction; Produce high-temp waste gas;
4) molten steel and slag directly flow out from siphon tapping mouth and slag notch in the direct steelmaking stove.
2. direct steelmaking technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 2) described ferrous material be selected from contain fine iron ore, contain iron ore, the iron content pellet, through in powdered iron ore, iron scale and/or the ion dust mud contaning of fine grinding prereduction one or more; Step 2) described flux is unslaked lime and rhombspar.
3. a direct steelmaking technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) described ferrous material and flux can add with the charge hoisting by belt conveyer machine, add or use N with screw feeder
2The spray gun of doing carrier gas sprays into.
4. a direct steelmaking technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) described reducing gas is the mixture of Sweet natural gas, coke-oven gas or Sweet natural gas and coke-oven gas.
5. a direct steelmaking technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom from the direct steelmaking stove in the step 3) is blown into N
2The molten bath is mixed in gas mixing.
6. direct steelmaking technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, powdered iron ore carried out joining after the fine grinding preheating prereduction carry out direct steelmaking in the direct steelmaking stove, powdered iron ore and Wingdale mixing are finely ground to below 40 microns, the heating by the exhaust gases prereduction in carrying bed apparatus behind the upgrading of usefulness direct steelmaking stove.
7. a direct steelmaking equipment comprises: fine ore conveying bed (1), a feeding device (2), reducing gas spray gun (3), gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4), direct steelmaking stove (5), direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6), direct steelmaking stove tap hole (7);
Direct steelmaking stove (5) is barrel-shaped stove, comprises slag district and molten iron district.Conveying bed apparatus (1) is arranged above the direct steelmaking stove, carry bed apparatus (1) to link to each other with direct steelmaking stove (5) by feeding device (2); Reducing gas spray gun (3) inserts the slag district, gas phase zone secondary combustion oxygen rifle (4) is inserted into the gas-phase space of direct steelmaking stove top, direct steelmaking stove slag notch (6) is positioned at furnace wall middle part, the direct steelmaking stove outside, has direct steelmaking stove tap hole (7) on the furnace wall of the direct steelmaking stove outside.
8. a direct steelmaking equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described direct steelmaking stove also comprises bottom blowing stirring gas gas permeable brick (8); Bottom blowing is stirred gas gas permeable brick (8) and is positioned at direct steelmaking stove furnace bottom.
9. a direct steelmaking equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, direct steelmaking stove (5) comprises anti-material system, water-cooling system, off gas treatment and residual neat recovering system.
10. a direct steelmaking equipment as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described feeding device (2) is selected from: use N
2Spray gun, screw feeder or charge hoisting by belt conveyer machine as carrier gas.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101400824A CN101684507B (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2008-09-24 | Direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101400824A CN101684507B (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2008-09-24 | Direct steel making technique by reducing iron ore with gas |
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| CN101684507B CN101684507B (en) | 2012-02-08 |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN101956035A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-01-26 | 莱芜美澳冶金科技有限公司 | Iron-containing material slag bath smelting reduction steelmaking technical method and device |
| CN103502478A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-01-08 | 达涅利机械设备股份公司 | Apparatus and related method for preheating metal charge for smelting plant |
| CN109517934A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-26 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the smelting clean metal of accurate control heat loss value |
| CN109517935A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-26 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus producing liquid clean metal |
| CN109628676A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-16 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of abbreviated system directly producing pure molten iron |
| CN111850219A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-10-30 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method for producing chalcogenide free-cutting steel by hydrogen-based melting reduction |
| CN113789420A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-14 | 赵晓 | A kind of iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and using method |
| CN113981164A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东大学 | A process and system for co-mechanical activation of iron ore and carbon material under reducing atmosphere |
| CN114737004A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Direct iron ore steelmaking system and direct iron ore steelmaking method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5139568A (en) * | 1991-10-03 | 1992-08-18 | Cargill, Incorporated | Continuous production of iron-carbon alloy using iron carbide |
| WO1996019591A1 (en) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-06-27 | Usx Corporation | Process and apparatus for the manufacture of steel from iron carbide |
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2008
- 2008-09-24 CN CN2008101400824A patent/CN101684507B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101956035A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-01-26 | 莱芜美澳冶金科技有限公司 | Iron-containing material slag bath smelting reduction steelmaking technical method and device |
| CN103502478A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-01-08 | 达涅利机械设备股份公司 | Apparatus and related method for preheating metal charge for smelting plant |
| CN103502478B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2015-05-06 | 达涅利机械设备股份公司 | Apparatus and related method for preheating metal charge for smelting plant |
| CN109628676B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2020-10-30 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A short-flow process for directly producing pure molten iron |
| CN109517934A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-26 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the smelting clean metal of accurate control heat loss value |
| CN109517935A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-26 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus producing liquid clean metal |
| CN109628676A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-16 | 山西赛思普科技有限公司 | A kind of abbreviated system directly producing pure molten iron |
| CN111850219A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-10-30 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method for producing chalcogenide free-cutting steel by hydrogen-based melting reduction |
| CN113789420A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-14 | 赵晓 | A kind of iron-containing powder direct steelmaking device in reducing atmosphere and using method |
| CN113789420B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-05-31 | 赵晓 | Direct steelmaking device for iron-containing powder in reducing atmosphere and using method |
| CN113981164A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东大学 | A process and system for co-mechanical activation of iron ore and carbon material under reducing atmosphere |
| CN114737004A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Direct iron ore steelmaking system and direct iron ore steelmaking method |
| CN114737004B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2024-02-09 | 中钢设备有限公司 | Iron ore direct steelmaking system and iron ore direct steelmaking method |
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