CN101565767A - Method for melting reduction iron making - Google Patents
Method for melting reduction iron making Download PDFInfo
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- CN101565767A CN101565767A CNA2009100945039A CN200910094503A CN101565767A CN 101565767 A CN101565767 A CN 101565767A CN A2009100945039 A CNA2009100945039 A CN A2009100945039A CN 200910094503 A CN200910094503 A CN 200910094503A CN 101565767 A CN101565767 A CN 101565767A
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- furnace
- oxygen
- spray gun
- smelting
- smelting reduction
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHHVGPDQBHJHFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Cr].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Cr].[Ni] VHHVGPDQBHJHFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
一种熔融还原炼铁方法。本发明涉及一种在一个反应炉内直接熔融还原炼铁的方法，属于冶金熔炼领域。本方法是将喷枪从炉顶中心插入炉内，喷枪口悬挂在熔渣层上部，枪位根据冶炼所处的具体时期相应上下调整，熔炼的燃料、空气及富氧氧气通过喷枪喷入熔池，铁矿石粉、熔剂等炉料从炉顶进料口加入，氮气从炉底直接吹入溶池，氧气顶吹与氮气底吹的共同作用应达到熔池处于搅动状态，冶炼产生的烟气经过余热锅炉后换热后送到后续工序。本发明反应速度快，可缩短反应时间，物料混合较均匀，可减少污染物的产生，且可强化热量、质量的传递，大大提高生产效率，工艺技术灵活，可降低投资成本。
A smelting reduction ironmaking method. The invention relates to a method for direct smelting reduction ironmaking in a reaction furnace, which belongs to the field of metallurgical smelting. In this method, the spray gun is inserted into the furnace from the center of the furnace roof, the nozzle of the spray gun is suspended on the upper part of the slag layer, the position of the gun is adjusted up and down according to the specific period of smelting, and the smelted fuel, air and oxygen-enriched oxygen are sprayed into the molten pool through the spray gun , iron ore powder, flux and other furnace materials are added from the furnace top feed inlet, and nitrogen is directly blown into the molten pool from the bottom of the furnace. After heat exchange in the waste heat boiler, it is sent to the subsequent process. The invention has fast reaction speed, can shorten the reaction time, can mix the materials evenly, can reduce the generation of pollutants, can strengthen the transfer of heat and mass, greatly improves the production efficiency, has flexible process technology, and can reduce the investment cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in a Reaktionsofen the direct method of fused reduction iron-smelting, belong to metallurgical melting field.
Background technology
Iron And Steel Industry is a mainstay of the national economy industry, but, need to consume a large amount of energy in process of production, the pollutant discharge amount of following the use of the energy and raw material in each production process and producing is quite huge, its source of pollution mainly contain sintering, coking, ironmaking, steel-making and attached operation, and wherein the pollution problem that causes of air pollutant emission is especially serious.The Iron And Steel Industry energy consumption accounts for 9.54% of national total energy consumption, 12.93% of whole nation industrial energy consumption, ton steel comprehensive energy consumption is 1.281 tons of standard coals, far above developed country's ton steel net energy consumption 0.590～0.683 ton of standard coal (1994), and the quantity discharged of particulate matter and sulfurous gas accounts for 10.93% and 6.25% of national industrial discharge total amount respectively.Iron And Steel Industry can consumption high efficiency a low major cause be in ironmaking system ton iron net energy consumption 29.5% be used for ore sintering and coking process, this part energy is fully reclaimed and is utilized after the physicochemical property that improves raw material.In addition, the particulate matter and the sulfurous gas of this two-step discharging account for 45.6% and 67.7% of Iron And Steel Industry total release respectively.
The reason that causes the high energy consumption problem of Iron And Steel Industry is many-sided, still, in tediously long production process, needs heating and cooling material continually, and the energy devaluation and the loss that therefore cause are higher major reasons of Iron And Steel Industry energy consumption.Even in the more advanced Japan of technology, in its Steel Complex, the waste heat discharge loss accounts for 38.5% of total energy consumption.To China's Iron And Steel Industry waste heat analysis revealed, the physics waste heat of the various products of process accounts for the 29-39% of total energy consumption, and wherein coking waste gas sensible heat, coke sensible heat, agglomerate sensible heat, sinter fume sensible heat, blast furnace gas sensible heat etc. occupy significant proportion.But because its energy matter is lower, this part energy generally can not be fully used, also few through the residual heat resources that can recycle that technical economical analysis is determined, account for 10% of total energy consumption greatly, wherein ironmaking system accounts for 46%, as seen, the production process power loss that causes because of flow process is tediously long is very huge.
In Iron And Steel Industry inside, ironmaking system had both consumed a large amount of energy, caused very serious pollution again, needed to use day by day the coking coal that reduces simultaneously, and therefore, the innovation of Iron And Steel Industry started with from ironmaking system to be inevitable.But, not only need a large amount of investments from the end treatment environmental pollution, and need a large amount of operation and maintenance costs.According to statistics, 15% investment is to be used for the environmental protection purpose in the Iron And Steel Industry, this is equivalent to annual steel throughput per ton haply need increase 420-480 unit, the expense of these equipment of turning round is a 70-150/ ton steel, particularly in coke production, in order to satisfy environmental requirement, a year ton coke production ability needs to increase at least 77.5 yuan of investments.Moreover real serious disposal of pollutants source is the uncontrollable discharge source in Iron And Steel Industry, and general measure of control are difficult to prove effective.Therefore, the pollution that solves Iron And Steel Industry answers emphasis to consider the innovation of technical process, just by the generation of cleaner production from source control pollutent.
If can adopt short flow process ironmaking technology, can reduce production costs significantly, can reduce the generation of uncontrollable discharge source pollutants again in a large number, this will be an effective way of steel industry Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide ironmaking in the combined fusion reducing furnace of a kind of oxygen top blown and nitrogen bottom blowing, its speed of response is fast, reaction times can be shortened, mixing of materials is more even, can reduce the generation of pollutent, and can strengthen the transmission of heat, quality, enhance productivity greatly, Technology is flexible, can reduce cost of investment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Spray gun inserts in the stove from furnace roof, spray gun is suspended on molten slag layer top, the rifle position is according to smelting corresponding adjustment up and down in residing concrete period, the fuel of melting, air and oxygen enrichment oxygen spray into the molten bath by spray gun, furnace charge such as iron ore powder, flux is carried from furnace roof opening for feed wind-force, nitrogen directly is blown into bath from furnace bottom, and the acting in conjunction of oxygen top blown and nitrogen bottom blowing makes the molten bath be in agitated conditions, delivers to subsequent handling after the heat exchange behind the flue gas process waste heat boiler that smelting produces.
The concentration of oxygen enrichment of the present invention is 30%～95% adjustment, and oxygen pressure is controlled at 0.3～1MPa, and nitrogen 0.1～1MPa melt tank reaction temperature is controlled at 1450 ℃～1600 ℃.
Iron ore powder, flux are 10～30 tons/hour from the feeding quantity of the described opening for feed of furnace roof.The granularity of described furnace charge is 1～80 millimeter.
Described oxygen flow is 5～15 cubic meters per minute during oxygen top blown.
The combined type sleeve pipe that spray gun of the present invention is made up of oxygen-rich air pipe, water cooling tube and diesel oil pipe, spray gun is made by the chromium nickel-titanium alloy material, and the spray gun end is equipped with a removable nozzle.The diameter of spray gun is 108 millimeters.
During smelting operation, fuel (oil), oxygen-rich air spray into the molten bath by spray gun, and furnace charges such as iron ore powder, flux add from the furnace roof material inlet, and nitrogen directly is blown into bath from furnace bottom.Under the acting in conjunction of oxygen enrichment oxygen air top blast and nitrogen bottom blowing, the molten bath is in the intensive agitated conditions, and material melts rapidly under high temperature, high turbulence and carries out the intensive physical-chemical reaction.The vigorous stirring in molten bath has increased contacting of slag layer and metallographic phase and furnace gas, has strengthened the reduction ratio of metallic iron.
Oxygen-rich air stream is sprayed onto weld pool surface top by nozzle, violent burning takes place with the CO that overflows from the molten bath, provide competent energy to melt tank reaction, bottom blowing nitrogen makes melt be in reflux state, to the molten bath vigorous agitation, for the abundant contact of gas-liquid-solid three-phase in the molten bath provides favourable condition, quicken the fusing of furnace charge and the metallurgical process of metallic reducing.In addition, the top blast oxygen-rich air can suppress the blow power loss of wearing and causing of bottom blowing air-flow to the molten bath.The control to the molten bath smelting process can be realized in the rifle position of flow, coal amount and spray gun by regulating gun traffic, oxygen content, bottom blowing nitrogen, makes that the temperature of reaction in the bath is in stable status substantially, finally guarantees the smelting efficient in molten bath.
This technology is continuously feeding, and molten iron and slag then are interrupted emits.The flue gas of oxygen top blown smelting reduction stove is delivered to subsequent handling through after the residual heat boiler for exchanging heat, and the heat energy in the smelting is reused.Controlling of production process mainly is to control at the technic index of material, oxygen top blown smelting reduction stove.The control of oxygen top blown smelting reduction stove is finished by the DCS system with adjusting.During melting, only need coal amount, flow, oxygen content, nitrogen amount, delivery rate are set, just can realize the melting of fusion reducing furnace.And operator only need regularly slag type slag specimen to be carried out observation analysis, judge the melting situation of stove; And control the grade of reduced iron by regulating spray gun height, spray gun winding-up flow, oxygen content, nitrogen amount.Stable furnace temperature and stable slag type are the key parameters of oxygen top blown smelting reduction stove melting.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the handiness of raw material
Top end composite blowing fused reduction iron-smelting technology can be used the iron-containing charge of multiple class, and comprising can't be by the waste of sintering plant recovery, and the C in the material, CaO and MgO also obtain utilizing, and have reduced the resource consumption of Iron and Steel Production.
Fuel can comprise: from the hard coal to the high volatile coal (5%＜volatile matter＜38%); Coke powder; Other carbonaceous material such as rubber flour or plastic waste powder.
Adopt the oxygen-enriched top blowing technology that temperature of reaction is increased to more than 1450 ℃, reaction is accelerated, and has shortened the reaction times, has improved production efficiency greatly.
2. Cao Zuo handiness
The speed of response of top end composite blowing ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction technology is flexible, can make the operative technique personnel select production intensity according to demand, perhaps former, fuel type for the conversion that reduces cost, especially open, blowing out and increase, decrement producer face is easy to control.
3. reduce newly-built or the investment for trnasforming urban land cost
Top end composite blowing ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction does not need pit kiln, sintering plant or pelletizing plant, has greatly reduced the total cost of investment of new Steel Plant, has reduced the running cost of Iron and Steel Production yet.
Top end composite blowing ironmaking technique of fusion and reduction can use many equipment identical with blast furnace, as gas blower, hotblast stove, coal gas cleaning system, the basis of grain slag system, feed circuit and blast furnace etc., so its factory can make full use of existing equipment, build existing blast furnace ironmaking factory in.
4. the exhaust gas volumn of Pai Chuing is few, and thermosteresis is little, SO in the flue gas
2Concentration increase, flue dust is little, helps SO
2Recovery relieving haperacidity, prevented the formation of acid rain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: coal grain and the furnace charge of 1～20mm are mixed, be added to together in the stove by opening for feed, the coal grain plays reduction Fe
3O
4And generate metallic iron and act as a fuel the effect of heat is provided.Feeding quantity 15t/h, oxygen is pressed 0.5MPa, oxygen flow 6.0m
3/ min, oxygen rifle diameter 108mm, coefficient of oxygen utilization 92%, nitrogen pressure 0.3MPa, the melt tank reaction temperature is controlled at 1450 ℃, the SO in the flue gas
2: 17%, flue dust: 3%, flue gas is delivered to acid accumulator plant through after the wet dedusting.
Embodiment 2: coal grain and the furnace charge of 20～40mm mixed, is added to together in the stove by opening for feed, and feeding quantity 20t/h, oxygen is pressed 0.7MPa, oxygen flow 10m
3/ min, oxygen rifle diameter 108mm, coefficient of oxygen utilization 95%, nitrogen pressure 0.6MPa, the melt tank reaction temperature is controlled at 1520 ℃, the SO in the oxygen
2: 21%, flue dust: 1%, flue gas is delivered to acid accumulator plant through after the wet dedusting.
Embodiment 3: fine coal and the furnace charge of 40～60mm mixed, is added to together in the stove by opening for feed, and feeding quantity 13t/h, oxygen is pressed 0.8MPa, oxygen flow 5.8m
3/ min, oxygen rifle diameter 108mm, coefficient of oxygen utilization 94%, nitrogen pressure 0.9MPa, the melt tank reaction temperature is controlled at 1600 ℃, the SO in the oxygen
2: 19%, flue dust: 2.5%, flue gas is delivered to acid accumulator plant through after the wet dedusting.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100945039A CN101565767A (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2009-05-22 | Method for melting reduction iron making |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100945039A CN101565767A (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2009-05-22 | Method for melting reduction iron making |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101565767A true CN101565767A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
Family
ID=41282128
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100945039A Pending CN101565767A (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2009-05-22 | Method for melting reduction iron making |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101565767A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101857910A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-13 | 昆明理工大学 | A method for smelting high ilmenite by oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting reduction |
| CN103276278A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-04 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Smelting reduction furnace used for smelting laterite-nickel ore |
| CN104327886A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Fuel reduction agent applied in metallurgy pyrometallurgical process |
| CN113355473A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-07 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method and device for blowing waste flue gas of hot blast stove to smelting reduction furnace |
-
2009
- 2009-05-22 CN CNA2009100945039A patent/CN101565767A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101857910A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-13 | 昆明理工大学 | A method for smelting high ilmenite by oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting reduction |
| CN101857910B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2012-06-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for melting, reducing and smelting high-titanium iron ore by oxygen-enriched top blowing |
| CN103276278A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-04 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | Smelting reduction furnace used for smelting laterite-nickel ore |
| CN103276278B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-10-21 | 罕王实业集团有限公司 | A kind of fusion reducing furnace for smelting laterite-nickel ores |
| CN104327886A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Fuel reduction agent applied in metallurgy pyrometallurgical process |
| CN113355473A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-07 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method and device for blowing waste flue gas of hot blast stove to smelting reduction furnace |
| CN113355473B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-06-03 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method and device for blowing waste flue gas of hot blast stove to smelting reduction furnace |
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Application publication date: 20091028 |