CN101525303A - Novel 9- substituted minocycline compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates at least in part to novel 9-substituted minocyclines. These minocycline compounds are useful in the treatment of many tetracycline compound-sensitive diseases, such as bacterial infections and tumors, and in other diseases for which minocycline and tetracycline compounds are commonly used, such as the usual blocking tetracycline compounds, such as Blocks tetracycline flux and regulates gene expression.

Description

9-Substituted Minocycline Compounds

This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application PCT/US01/20721 with the application date of June 29, 2001 and the invention name being "9-substituted minocycline compounds". The Chinese patent application number of the original application is 01815087.X.

related application

This application claims priority from the following applications: U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/275,621, entitled "9-Substituted Minocycline Compounds," filed March 13, 2001; U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/216,580 , entitled "9-Substituted Minocycline Compounds," filed July 7, 2000; both applications are incorporated herein by reference. This application is related to the following applications: U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/154,701, filed September 14, 1999; 60/193,972, filed March 31, 2000; 60/193,879, filed March 2000 60/204,158, filed on May 15, 2000; 60/212,030, filed on June 16, 2000; 60/212,471, filed on June 16, 2000, of the said application The entire contents are hereby incorporated by reference.

Background of the invention

The systematic screening of soil samples collected from around the world for evidence that microorganisms are capable of producing bactericidal and/or antibacterial compositions led directly to the development of tetracycline antibiotics. The first of these new compounds was the aureomycin compound in 1948. Oxytetracycline appeared two years later. The elucidation of the chemical structures of these compounds in 1952 confirmed their similarity and provided the analytical basis for the production of a third tetracycline compound of this class. A new series of tetracycline compounds without the methyl group of the earlier tetracycline-linked ring was prepared in 1957 and publicly used in 1967; minocycline was put into use in 1972.

More recently, research efforts have focused on the development of new tetracycline antibiotic compositions that are effective under various therapeutic conditions and routes of administration. New tetracycline analogs have also been investigated, demonstrating that their effects may be equal to or greater than the original tetracycline compounds. Examples include US Patent Nos. 2,980,584; 2,990,331; 3,062,717; 3,165,531; 3,454,697; 3,557,280; These patents represent a series of pharmaceutically active tetracycline and tetracycline analog compositions.

In the past, shortly after its initial development and adoption, tetracyclines were found to be effective against Rickettsiae, many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and the pathogens Lymphogranuloma venereum, inclusion body conjunctivitis, and psittacosis. pharmacological effects. Thus, tetracyclines became known as "broad-spectrum" antibiotics. With the determination of its in vitro antibacterial activity, curative effect on experimental infection and pharmaceutical properties, tetracycline as a class of antibiotics is rapidly and widely used for therapeutic purposes. However, widespread use of tetracyclines for primary and secondary conditions and diseases has directly contributed to the emergence of resistance to these antibiotics, even among highly susceptible commensal and pathogenic bacteria such as pneumococci and salmonella. The increase in tetracycline-resistant microorganisms has led to an overall decrease in the use of tetracyclines and tetracycline analog compositions as antibiotics.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates at least in part to minocycline compounds of the following formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof:

in:

X is CHC(R ¹³ Y'Y), CR ⁶ 'R ⁶ , S, NR ⁶ or O;

R ² , R ⁴ ′, R ⁴ ″, R ⁷ ′ and R ⁷ ″ are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl Acyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, or prodrug moieties;

R ⁴ is NR ⁴ 'R ⁴ ", alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hydroxyl, halogen or hydrogen;

^R2 ', ^R3 , ^R10 , ^R11 and ^R12 are each hydrogen or a prodrug moiety;

^R5 is hydroxyl, hydrogen, mercapto, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkararoyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or arylcarbonyloxy;

^R6 and ^R6 ' are independently hydrogen, methylene, absent, hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl;

^R9 is nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylalkyl, amino, arylalkene Base, aryl alkynyl, thionitroso or -(CH ₂ ) _0-3 NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a ;

Z is CR ^9d R ^9e , S, NR ^9b or O;

Z' is NR ^9f , O or S;

R ^9a , R ^9b , R ^9c , R ^9d , R ^9e and R ^9f are each independently hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkyl Sulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl or prodrug moieties;

^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or aryl alkyl;

^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl;

Y' and Y are each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, mercapto, amino, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, or arylalkyl.

The present invention also relates at least in part to 9-substituted minocycline compounds of the following formula (II) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof:

in:

R ⁴ ', R ⁴ ", R ⁷ ' and R ⁷ " are each alkyl;

R ⁹ is pyridyl ethynyl; alkenyl carbamate group; halo; alkyl acrylate group; naphthyl; haloacetyl; alkyl carbamate group; Pentenyl; Benzofuryl; Phenylpropionylamino; Tosylamino; Methoxypyridyl; Alkenylamino; N-tert-butyl; Tert-butylamide group; Hydroxybutylamino; hydroxypropylamino; phenyl; nitrophenyl; nitrophenylalkynyl; aminophenyl; alkoxyphenyl; halophenylurea group; cyanophenyl; carboxyphenyl; acylphenyl ; Alkylphenyl; Halophenyl; Alkoxyphenyl; Carboxyalkylphenyl; Phenylalkynyl; Alkynyl; Aminophosphoryl.

The invention also relates to methods of treating a patient with a disease treatable with the minocycline compounds of the invention with the minocycline compounds of the invention.

The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the minocycline compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention also relates to the use of the minocycline compound of the present invention for the preparation of medicaments (such as medicaments for treating tetracycline-sensitive diseases).

Detailed Description of the Invention

This invention relates at least in part to novel 9-substituted minocycline compounds. These minocycline compounds are useful in the treatment of many tetracycline-sensitive diseases, such as bacterial infections and tumors, and in the treatment of other diseases for which minocycline and tetracycline compounds are commonly used, such as blocking tetracycline flux and modulating gene expression.

The present invention relates at least in part to minocycline compounds of the following formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof:

in:

X is CHC(R ¹³ Y'Y), CR ⁶ 'R ⁶ , S, NR ⁶ or O;

R ² , R ⁴ ′, R ⁴ ″, R ⁷ ′ and R ⁷ ″ are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl Acyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, or prodrug moieties;

R ⁴ is NR ⁴ 'R ⁴ ", alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hydroxyl, halogen or hydrogen;

^R2 ', ^R3 , ^R10 , ^R11 and ^R12 are each hydrogen or a prodrug moiety;

^R5 is hydroxyl, hydrogen, mercapto, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkararoyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or arylcarbonyloxy;

^R6 and ^R6 ' are independently hydrogen, methylene, absent, hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl;

^R9 is nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylalkyl, amino, arylalkene Base, aryl alkynyl, thionitroso or -(CH ₂ ) _0-3 NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a ;

Z is CR ^9d R ^9e , S, NR ^9b or O;

Z' is NR ^9f , O or S;

R ^9a , R ^9b , R ^9c , R ^9d , R ^9e and R ^9f are each independently hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkyl Sulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl or prodrug moieties;

^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or aryl alkyl;

^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl;

Y' and Y are each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, mercapto, amino, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, or arylalkyl.

The term minocycline compound refers to a compound of formula (I) above. In one embodiment, the term minocycline compound includes compounds in which X is CR ⁶ R ⁶ ′; R ² , R ² ′, R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁶ ′, R ⁸ , R ⁹ , R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ and R ¹² are each hydrogen; R ⁴ is NR ⁴ 'R ⁴ "; R ⁴ ', R ⁴ ", R ⁷ ' and R ⁷ " are each lower alkyl, such as methyl.

Examples of R ⁹ include substituted and unsubstituted aryl groups. Aryl groups include substituted and unsubstituted heteroaryl groups (e.g., furyl, imidazolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuryl, quinolinyl, isoquinolyl, benzobisoxazolyl, benzoxazolyl , benzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, methylenedioxyphenyl, indolyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, purinyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, 1 , 5-naphthridinyl (naphthridinyl), thiazolyl, isothiazolyl or deazapurinyl), substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and groups containing more than one aromatic ring, such as naphthyl.

Examples of substituents for ^R include, but are not limited to: alkyl, alkenyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, Aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, alkenyl Alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, silyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, phosphate, aralkyl, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino, acylamino, amido, Imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, sulfate group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, nitro group, cyano group, Azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, aryl and heteroaryl.

In a further embodiment, the aryl ^R group is substituted with one or more substituents such as carboxylate, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, Cyano, amino, halogen, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amido, alkylcarbonyl or nitro.

In another embodiment, R ⁹ is substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl. The alkynyl ^R9 group may be substituted with a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, such as phenyl. Suitable substituents for substituted phenyl groups include, for example, those listed above for the aryl ^R group. In addition, the substituted alkynyl ^R groups may be substituted by heteroaryl (e.g. pyridyl), alkyl (e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, etc.), alkenyl (such as vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, etc.), carboxylate, silyl (such as trialkyl silyl, such as trimethylsilyl), aralkyl or alkoxycarbonyl.

Each of these groups may be further substituted, substituents include, for example, alkyl, alkenyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl Oxygen, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aminoalkyl, aryl Alkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, silyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, phosphate, aralkyl, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino , acylamino, amido, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, sulfate, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, alkylsulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonylamino , nitro, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, aryl, and heteroaryl.

In a further embodiment, the alkynyl ^R group is substituted with aminoalkyl. Aminoalkyl groups may also be substituted, for example by alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, carbonyl or alkylsulfone groups.

In another further embodiment, the alkynyl ^R group is substituted with cycloalkenyl, such as cyclopentene.

In another embodiment, ^R9 is alkyl. Alkyl groups can be substituted or unsubstituted groups. Examples of the alkyl group include, for example, linear, branched and cyclic alkyl groups. For example, alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and the like. Cyclic alkyl groups include groups containing one or more rings, such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, and the like. In one embodiment, the ^alkyl R group is 2-cyclopentylethyl.

Examples of substituents for alkyl include, for example, halogen (e.g. fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), hydroxy, alkoxy (e.g. methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, perfluoro methoxy, perchloromethoxy, etc.), alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylamino Carbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, carboxyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, silyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthio Carbonyl, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino, acylamino, amido, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, sulfuric acid Ester group, alkylsulfinyl group, alkenyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, nitro group, alkenyl group, cyano group, azido group, heterocyclic group, alkylaryl group, Aryl and heteroaryl.

In another embodiment, the minocycline compound of the present invention is a compound wherein R ⁹ is -NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a , -CH ₂ NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a , - (CH ₂ ) ₂ NR ^9c C(=Z′)ZR ^9a or -(CH ₂ ) ₃ NR ^9c C(=Z′)ZR ^9a . In certain embodiments, R ⁹ is -NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a or -CH ₂ NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a . Examples of R ^9c include hydrogen. Z' can be, for example, S, NH or O. Examples of Z include NR ^9b (for example, when R ^9b is hydrogen, alkyl, etc.), O or S.

Examples of R ^9a groups include aryl groups such as substituted and unsubstituted phenyl groups. Examples of suitable substituents for the aryl ^R group include, but are not limited to, alkyl (e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, perfluoromethyl, perchloroethyl, etc.), alkenyl Halogen (such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), hydroxyl, alkoxy (such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, perfluoromethoxy, perchloromethoxy, etc.), alkyl Carbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl , Alkylcarbonyl, Arylcarbonyl, Arylalkylcarbonyl, Alkenylcarbonyl, Alkoxycarbonyl, Silyl, Aminocarbonyl, Alkylthiocarbonyl, Phosphate, Phosphonate, Phosphinate group, cyano group, amino group, acylamino group, amido group, imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, sulfate group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group Acyl, sulfonamido, nitro, acetyl, alkyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, aryl and heteroaryl.

In certain embodiments, at least one substituent of a substituted phenyl group is nitro, alkoxy (e.g., methoxy, methylenedioxy, perfluoromethoxy) alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl), acetyl, halogen (eg fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine) or amino (eg dialkylamino). In certain embodiments, alkoxy is a perhalo group, such as perfluoromethoxy.

Examples of aryl ^R groups include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted phenyl, p-nitrophenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, p-perfluoromethoxyphenyl, p-acetylphenyl, 3,5- Methylenedioxyphenyl, 3,5-bisperfluoromethylphenyl, p-bromophenyl, p-chlorophenyl and p-fluorophenyl.

Other examples of aryl ^R groups include substituted and unsubstituted heterocycles (e.g. furyl, imidazolyl, benzothiophenyl, benzofuryl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzodiox Azolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzimidazolyl, methylenedioxyphenyl, indolyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, purinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrolidinyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, 1,5-naphthyridine, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl or deazapurinyl) and also substituted and unsubstituted biaryl groups such as naphthyl and fluorene.

R ^9a can also be a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and the like. Examples of substituents include, but are not limited to, halogen (e.g., fluorine, bromide, chlorine, iodine, etc.), hydroxy, alkoxy (e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, etc.), alkylcarbonyloxy , arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, arylalkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkyl Carbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, silyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano group, amino group, acylamino group, amidino group, imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, sulfate ester group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonyl group, sulfamoyl group, Sulfonylamino, nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, alkenyl, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, aryl and heteroaryl.

R ^9a can also be substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl. Examples of substituents for the alkenyl R ^9a group include the substituents listed above for the alkyl R ^9a group. Examples of alkenyl R ^9a groups include pent-1-enyl.

In one embodiment, Z' is NH, Z is NH, and R ^9a is alkyl.

The present invention also relates to compounds wherein R ⁹ is aminoalkyl (eg aminomethyl). The aminoalkyl ^R9 group may be further substituted. Examples of substituents include aryl groups such as substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups (eg, methylenedioxyphenyl or p-perfluoromethoxyphenyl groups) or heteroaryl groups that allow the compounds of the present invention to perform their intended functions.

Examples of the minocycline compounds of the present invention include the compounds listed in Table 1 as well as the following compounds:

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds are also included in the present invention. Other compounds of the invention are listed in Table 1.

The present invention also relates at least in part to 9-substituted minocycline compounds of the following formula and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:

in:

each of ^R4 ', ^R4 ", ^R7 ' and ^R7 " is an alkyl group;

R ⁹ is pyridyl ethynyl; alkenyl carbamate group; halo; alkyl acrylate group; naphthyl urea group; haloacetyl; alkyl carbamate group; phenyl or cyclopentenyl; benzofuryl; phenylpropionyl ketoamino; tosylamino; methoxypyridyl; alkenylamino; N-tert-butyl; tert-butylamide group; hydroxybutyl hydroxypropylamino; phenyl; nitrophenyl; nitrophenylalkynyl; aminophenyl; halophenylurea group; alkoxyphenyl; cyanophenyl; carboxyphenyl; Acylphenyl; Alkylphenyl; Halophenyl; Alkoxyphenyl; Carboxyalkylphenyl; Phenylalkynyl; Alkynyl; Alkylglycine ethyl ester group; Styryl; Thienyl; and alkylaminophosphoryl.

The term "9-substituted minocycline compound" includes minocycline compounds having a substituent at the 9-position. In another embodiment, the compound is a derivative of minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is an alkenyl carbamate group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-isopropenylcarbamate minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is pyridylethynyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(2-pyridylethynyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is halo. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-iodominocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is an alkacrylate group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-butylacrylate minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is a naphthyl urea group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-naphthylaminotetracycline urea.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is haloacetyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-chloroacetyl minocycline urea.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is an alkyl carbamate group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-neopentylaminotetracycline carbamate.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is benzofuryl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ^substituent include 9-benzofurylminocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is phenylpropionylketonamino. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(phenylpropionylketoamino)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is tosylamino. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-tosylaminominocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is methoxypyridinyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ^substituent include 9-(2-methoxy-3-pyridyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁵ is alkenylamino. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(N-2'-hydroxydecyl-9'-en-amino)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is N-tert-butyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds incorporating this ^R substituent include N-tert-butylminocycline HCl.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is a tert-butylamide group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-BOC-NH minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is hydroxybutylamino. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(N-2'-hydroxybutylamino)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is hydroxypropylamino. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(N-3-chloro,2-hydroxypropylamino)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is phenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-phenylminocycline HCl and 9-p-tolyl minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is nitrophenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(3′-nitrophenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is nitrophenylalkynyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(4′-nitrophenylethynyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is aminophenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(3-aminophenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is a halophenylurea group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(4-chloro,2-trifluoromethylphenyl)minocycline urea.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is alkoxyphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(p-methoxyphenyl)minocycline, 9-(4'-methoxyphenyl)minocycline, and 9-(3,4- Methylenedioxyphenyl) minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is cyanophenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(4'-cyanophenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is carboxyalkylphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this R ⁹ substituent include 9-(4′-carboxyphenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is acylphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(3-formylphenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is alkylphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is halophenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(3-chlorophenyl)minocycline, 9-(2',4'-difluorophenyl)minocycline, 9-(3,4 -difluorophenyl)minocycline, 9-(4'-chlorophenyl)minocycline, 9-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)minocycline and 9-(4'-tri Fluoromethylphenyl) minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is alkoxyphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(3-ethoxyphenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is carboxyalkylphenyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(4-carboxymethylphenyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R is phenylalkynyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(phenylethynyl)minocycline, 9-(3-hydroxyphenylethynyl)minocycline, 9-(p-tolylethynyl)dimethycycline, Minocycline and 9-(p-methoxyphenylethynyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is alkynyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-ethynylminocycline, 9-(p-fluoroethynyl)minocycline, 9-(trimethylsilylethynyl)minocycline, 9-(propionyl)minocycline, 9-(cyclohexenylethynyl)minocycline and 9-(1-cyclohexyl-1-hydroxyethynyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, R ⁹ is an alkyl glycinate ethyl ester group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include minocycline HCl and ethyl 9-methylglycine minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is a styryl group. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(styrene)minocycline, 9-(4'-fluorostyrene)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is thienyl. Examples of tetracycline compounds containing this ^R substituent include 9-(2-thienyl)minocycline and 9-(5'-chloro-2'-thienyl)minocycline.

In one embodiment, ^R9 is alkylaminophosphoryl. Examples of the tetracycline compound containing this ^R substituent include 9-(p-methoxyphenylaminophosphoryl)minocycline and 9-(phenylaminophosphoryl)minocycline.

The minocycline compounds of the present invention can be synthesized by the methods described in Schemes 1-6.

9-substituted minocyclines can be synthesized by the following conventional methods, as shown in Scheme 1.

Process 1

Generally, 9-substituted minocycline compounds can be synthesized by treating minocycline (1A) with sulfuric acid and sodium nitrate as shown in Scheme 2. The resulting product is 9-nitro(1B)minocycline. The nitrominocycline compound is then treated with hydrogen and a platinum catalyst to obtain 9-aminominocycline compound 1C. To synthesize the 9-position derivative, the 9-aminominocycline compound was treated with HONO to obtain the diazonium salt (1D). Subsequent treatment of the resulting salt with a number of compounds having alkene or π-bond functional groups such as alkenyl, aryl and alkynyl (eg R ⁹ Br) affords 9-substituted minocycline compounds (1E).

Process 2

As shown in Scheme 3, the minocycline compound of the present invention in which R ⁹ is a carbamate or urea derivative can be synthesized by the following scheme. Minocycline (2A) was treated with NaNO ₂ under acidic conditions to generate 9-nitrominocycline (2B). 9-Nitrominocycline (2B) is then treated with hydrogen and a platinum catalyst to generate the 9-aminominocycline derivative (2C). To generate urea derivatives (2E), isocyanates (2D) are reacted with 9-aminominocycline derivatives (2C). To generate carbamates (2G), the appropriate acyl chloride ester (2F) is reacted with 2C.

Process 3

As shown in Scheme 3, the minocycline compound of the present invention in which R ⁹ is an amino group substituted by a heterocycle (ie, thiazole) can be synthesized according to the above scheme. Reaction of 9-aminominocycline (3A) with Fmoc-isothiocyanate (3B) yields the protected thiourea (3C). The protected thiourea (3C) is then deprotected to obtain the active tetracycline urea or tetracycline thiourea (3D) compound. Reaction of tetracycline thiourea (3D) with α-haloketone (3E) yields thiazole-substituted 9-aminoaminotetracycline (3F).

Process 4

As shown in Scheme 4, 9-alkenyl minocycline compound (4A) can be hydrogenated to generate alkyl 9-substituted minocycline compound (4B). Scheme 4 illustrates the selective hydrogenation of the double bond at the 9-position with hydrogen and a palladium/carbon catalyst. Likewise, 9-alkynyl minocyclines can also be hydrogenated to form 9-alkyl minocycline compounds.

Process 5

In Scheme 5, a general synthetic scheme for the synthesis of 9-position aryl derivatives of minocycline compounds is shown. In Scheme 5, the Suzuki coupling of arylboronic acids with iodominocycline compounds is shown. Iodominocycline compound (5B) can be synthesized from sancycline by treating minocycline (5A) with at least 1 equivalent of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) under acidic conditions. The reaction is quenched and the resulting 9-iodominocycline (5B) is purified using standard techniques known in the art. To generate aryl derivatives, 9-iodoaminocycline (5B) was treated with boronic acid (5C) plus aqueous sodium carbonate and catalyzed by palladium. The product (5D) can be purified by methods known in the art (eg HPLC). Other 9-arylminocycline compounds can be synthesized using similar schemes.

The 9-substituted minocycline compounds of the present invention can also be synthesized by the Stille cross-coupling method. Stille cross-couplings can be accomplished with suitable tin reagents (eg R- _SnBu3 ) and halotetracycline compounds (eg 9-iodominocycline). The tin reagent and the minocycline iodo compound can be treated with a palladium catalyst such as Pd(PPh ₃ ) ₂ Cl ₂ or Pd(AsPh ₃ ) ₂ Cl ₂ , and optionally an additional copper salt such as CuI. The resulting compound can then be purified using techniques known in the art.

Process 6

The compounds of the present invention can also be synthesized using Heck-type cross-coupling reactions. As shown in Scheme 6, Heck-type cross-couplings can be achieved using halotetracycline compounds (e.g. 9-iodominocycline, 6A), activated alkenes (6B) or alkynes (6D) and suitable palladium or other transitions. The metal catalyst is complete. The resulting 9-substituted alkenyl (6C) or 9-substituted alkynyl (6E) minocycline compound can then be purified using techniques known in the art.

The term "alkyl" includes saturated aliphatic groups, including straight chain alkyl groups (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, etc.), Branched chain alkyl (isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, etc.), cycloalkyl (alicyclic hydrocarbon) groups (cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl), Alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl and cycloalkyl-substituted alkyl. The term alkyl also includes alkyl groups which also contain oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms in place of one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon backbone. In certain embodiments, the linear or branched alkyl backbone has 6 or fewer carbon atoms (e.g., C ₁ -C ₆ straight chain, C ₃ -C ₆ branched chain), more preferably 4 or more few. Also, it is preferred that the ring structure of the cycloalkyl group has 3 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a ring structure with 5 or 6 carbon atoms. The term C ₁ -C ₆ includes alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Furthermore, the term alkyl includes "unsubstituted alkyl" and "substituted alkyl", the latter of which refers to an alkyl moiety wherein a hydrogen on one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon backbone is replaced by a substituent. Such substituents include, for example, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkyl Alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, alkoxy, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, Cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl, and urea group), amidino group, imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, sulfate ester group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, Nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety. Cycloalkyl groups may be further substituted, for example by the substituents described above. An "alkylaryl" or "aralkyl" moiety is an aryl-substituted alkyl group (eg, phenylmethyl (benzyl)). The term "alkyl" also includes side chains of natural and unnatural amino acids.

The term "aryl" includes 5-membered and 6-membered monocyclic aromatic groups which may contain 0-4 heteroatoms, such as benzene, phenyl, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, isothiazole, imidazole, triazole , tetrazole, pyrazole, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine and pyrimidine, etc. Furthermore, the term "aryl" includes polycyclic aromatic groups such as tricyclic, bicyclic, such as naphthalene, benzoxazole, benzobisoxazole, benzothiazole, benzimidazole, benzothiophene, methylenedioxy Phenyl, quinoline, isoquinoline, napthridine, indole, benzofuran, purine, benzofuran, deazapurine or indoline. Aryl groups containing heteroatoms in the ring structure may also be referred to as "arylheterocycles," "heterocycles," "heteroaryls," or "heteroaromatics." The aromatic ring can be substituted by the above substituents at one or more ring positions, such substituents are halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy , aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkylcarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, aralkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, alkenyl Carbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, di arylamino and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido), amidino, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, sulfur Carboxylate group, sulfate group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, nitro group, trifluoromethyl group, cyano group, azido group, heterocyclic group, alkane aryl, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety. Aryl groups can also be fused or bridged with non-aromatic alicyclic or heterocyclic rings to form polycyclic rings (eg tetralin).

The term "alkenyl" includes unsaturated aliphatic groups similar in length and possible substitution to the above-mentioned alkyl groups, but containing at least one double bond.

For example, the term "alkenyl" includes straight chain alkenyl groups such as ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, etc. ), branched alkenyl, cycloalkenyl (alicyclic hydrocarbon) group (cyclopropenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl), alkyl or alkenyl Substituted cycloalkenyl and cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl substituted alkenyl. The term alkenyl also includes alkenyl groups in which one or more carbons of the hydrocarbon backbone are replaced by oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms. In certain embodiments, the backbone of a straight or branched alkenyl group has 6 or fewer carbon atoms (eg, C ₂ -C ₆ straight, C ₃ -C ₆ branched). Likewise, cycloalkenyl groups can have from 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the ring structure, more preferably have 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the ring structure. The term _C2 - _C6 includes alkenyl groups containing 2-6 carbon atoms.

Furthermore, the term alkenyl includes "unsubstituted alkenyl" and "substituted alkenyl", the latter of which refers to an alkenyl moiety wherein a hydrogen on one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon backbone is replaced by a substituent. Such substituents may include, for example, alkyl, alkynyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkyl Alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, alkoxy, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, Cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl, and urea group), amidino group, imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, sulfate ester group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, Nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety.

The term "alkynyl" includes unsaturated aliphatic groups similar in length and possible substitution to the alkyl groups described above, but containing at least one triple bond.

For example, the term "alkynyl" includes straight chain alkynyl groups such as ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl etc.), branched alkynyl and cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl substituted alkynyl. The term alkynyl also includes alkynyl groups in which one or more carbons of the hydrocarbon backbone are replaced by oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms. In certain embodiments, the straight or branched chain alkynyl backbone has 6 or fewer carbon atoms (eg, C ₂ -C ₆ straight chain, C ₃ -C ₆ branched chain group). The term _C2 - _C6 includes alkynyl groups containing 2-6 carbon atoms.

Furthermore, the term alkynyl includes "unsubstituted alkynyl" and "substituted alkynyl", the latter of which refers to an alkynyl moiety wherein a hydrogen on one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon backbone is replaced by a substituent. Such substituents may include, for example, alkyl, alkynyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkyl Alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl, alkoxy, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, Cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino, and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl, and urea group), amidino group, imino group, mercapto group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, thiocarboxylate group, sulfate ester group, alkylsulfinyl group, sulfonate group, sulfamoyl group, sulfonylamino group, Nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety.

Unless otherwise specifically stated on the number of carbon atoms, "lower alkyl" as used herein refers to an alkyl group as defined above, but its main chain structure has 1 to 5 carbon atoms. "Lower alkenyl" and "lower alkynyl" have a chain length of, for example, 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

The term "acyl" includes compounds and moieties containing an acyl ( _CH3CO- ) or carbonyl group. The term "substituted acyl" includes acyl groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by groups such as: alkyl, alkynyl, halo, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, carboxylate group, alkylcarbonyl group, arylcarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aminocarbonyl group, alkylaminocarbonyl group, dialkylaminocarbonyl group, alkylthiocarbonyl group, alkoxy group, Phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including Alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido), amidino, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, sulfate, alkylsulfinyl , sulfonate, sulfamoyl, sulfonamido, nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, or aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety.

The term "acylamino" includes moieties wherein the acyl moiety is attached to an amino group. For example, the term includes alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido groups.

The term "aroyl" includes compounds and moieties in which an aryl or heteroaromatic moiety is attached to a carbonyl. Examples of aroyl groups include phenylcarboxy, naphthylcarboxy, and the like.

The terms "alkoxyalkyl", "alkylaminoalkyl" and "thioalkoxyalkyl" include the aforementioned alkyl groups in which one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon backbone are further replaced by oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms .

The term "alkoxy" includes substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups covalently bonded to an oxygen atom. Examples of alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, propoxy, butoxy and pentyloxy. Examples of substituted alkoxy include haloalkoxy. Alkoxy may be substituted by, for example, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxy Ester group, alkylcarbonyl group, arylcarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aminocarbonyl group, alkylaminocarbonyl group, dialkylaminocarbonyl group, alkylthiocarbonyl group, alkoxy group, phosphate group, phosphonate group, secondary Phosphonate, cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino and alkylarylamino), acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido), amidino, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, sulfate, alkylsulfinyl, sulfonate, sulfamoyl, Sulfonamido, nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkylaryl, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety. Examples of halogen-substituted alkoxy include, but are not limited to, fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, chloromethoxy, dichloromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, and the like.

The term "amine" or "amino" includes compounds in which a nitrogen atom is covalently bonded to at least one carbon or heteroatom. The term "alkylamino" includes groups and compounds wherein the nitrogen is attached to at least one additional alkyl group. The term "dialkylamino" includes groups in which at least two additional alkyl groups are attached to the nitrogen atom. The terms "arylamino" and "diarylamino" include groups in which the nitrogen is attached to at least one or two aryl groups, respectively. The terms "alkylarylamino", "alkylaminoaryl" or "arylaminoalkyl" refer to an amino group linked to at least one alkyl group and at least one aryl group. The term "alkaminoalkyl" refers to an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group attached to a nitrogen atom which is in turn attached to an alkyl group.

The term "amide" or "aminocarbonyl" includes compounds or moieties containing a nitrogen atom attached to a carbon atom of a carbonyl or thiocarbonyl group. The term includes "alkylaminocarbonyl" or "alkylaminocarbonyl", which is an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or alkynyl group attached to an amino group, which in turn is attached to a carbonyl group. The above term includes arylaminocarbonyl, which is a group in which the aryl or heteroaryl moiety is attached to an amino group, and the amino group is attached to a carbon atom of a carbonyl or thiocarbonyl group. The terms "alkylaminocarbonyl", "alkenylaminocarbonyl", "alkynylaminocarbonyl", "arylaminocarbonyl", "alkylcarbonylamino", "alkenylcarbonylamino", "alkynylcarbonylamino " and "arylcarbonylamino" are included in the term "amide". Amides also include ureido (aminocarbonylamino) and carbamate (oxycarbonylamino) groups.

The term "carbonyl" or "carboxy" includes compounds and moieties containing double bonded carbon and oxygen atoms. Examples of carbon-containing groups include aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amides, esters, anhydrides, and the like.

The term "thiocarbonyl" or "thiocarboxy" includes compounds and moieties containing double bonded carbon atoms and sulfur atoms.

The term "ether" includes compounds or moieties containing an oxygen atom linking two different carbon atoms or heteroatoms. For example, the above term includes "alkoxyalkyl" which refers to an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group covalently bonded to an oxygen atom which in turn is covalently bonded to another alkyl group.

The term "ester" includes compounds and moieties containing a carbon atom or a heteroatom bonded to an oxygen atom which in turn is bonded to a carbonyl carbon atom. The term "ester" includes alkoxycarboxyl groups such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl and the like. Alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl is as defined above.

The term "thioether" includes compounds and moieties that contain a sulfur atom linking two different carbon atoms or heteroatoms. Examples of thioethers include, but are not limited to, alkylthioalkyl, alkylthioalkenyl, and alkylthioalkynyl. The term "alkthioalkyl" includes compounds containing an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group attached to a sulfur atom which in turn is attached to an alkyl group. Likewise, the terms "alkylthioalkenyl" and "alkylthioalkynyl" are those in which an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group is attached to a sulfur atom which in turn is covalently bonded to A compound or moiety of an alkynyl group.

The term "hydroxyl" or "hydroxyl" includes -OH or ^-O- groups;

The term "halogen" includes fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine and the like. The term "perhalogenated" generally refers to a moiety in which all hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms.

The term "polycyclic group" or "polycyclic group" refers to a group of 2 or more rings (such as cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl and/or heterocyclic group), wherein Two or more carbon atoms are shared by two adjacent rings, eg, the rings are fused. Rings in which the linkage between the rings is not through adjacent carbon atoms are termed "bridged" rings. Each ring in the polycyclic ring may be substituted by the above-mentioned substituents, such as halogen, hydroxyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, aryloxycarbonyloxy, carboxylate, alkyl Alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, aralkylaminocarbonyl, alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, alkenylcarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylthiocarbonyl , alkoxy, phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate, cyano, amino (including alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, diarylamino and alkylarylamino) , acylamino (including alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, carbamoyl and ureido), amidino, imino, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, thiocarboxylate, sulfate, Alkylsulfinyl, sulfonate, sulfamoyl, sulfonamido, nitro, trifluoromethyl, cyano, azido, heterocyclyl, alkyl, alkylaryl, or aromatic or heteroaromatic moieties.

The term "heteroatom" includes atoms of any element other than carbon or hydrogen. Heteroatoms are preferably nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus.

The term "prodrug moiety" includes moieties that can be metabolized to hydroxyl groups in vivo and moieties that advantageously remain esterified in vivo. Preferably, the prodrug moiety is metabolized in vivo to hydroxyl or other beneficial groups by esterases or other mechanisms. Examples of prodrugs and their uses are well known in the art (see, eg, Berge et al. (1977) "Pharmaceutical Salts", J. Pharm. Sci. 66: 1-19). Prodrugs can be prepared in situ during the final isolation or purification of the compound, or by reacting the pure compound in its free acid or hydroxyl form, respectively, with a suitable esterifying agent. Hydroxyl groups can be converted to esters by treatment with carboxylic acids. Examples of prodrug moieties include substituted and unsubstituted, linear or branched lower alkyl ester moieties (e.g. propionate), lower alkenyl esters, di-lower alkyl-amino lower-alkyl esters (e.g. dimethyl aminoethyl ester), acylamino lower alkyl esters (such as acetoxymethyl esters), acyloxy lower alkyl esters (such as pivaloyloxymethyl esters), aryl esters (phenyl esters), aryl- Lower alkyl esters (such as benzyl esters), substituted (such as methyl, halo or methoxy substituents) aryl and aryl lower alkyl esters, amides, lower alkyl amides, di-lower alkyl amides and Hydroxyamide. Preferred prodrug moieties are propionates and acyl esters.

It should be noted that the structures of some of the minocycline compounds of the present invention include asymmetric carbon atoms. Accordingly, it is to be understood that isomers due to such asymmetries (eg, all enantiomers and diastereomers) are included within the scope of the invention unless otherwise indicated. Said isomers may be obtained in sufficient purity by standard separation techniques and stereochemically controlled synthesis. Furthermore, the structures and other compounds and moieties discussed in this application also encompass all tautomers thereof.

The present invention also relates to a method for treating a tetracycline-sensitive disease in a patient, by administering to the patient an effective amount of a minocycline compound of the present invention (such as a compound of formula (I) or a compound shown in Table 1), thereby treating the tetracycline-sensitive disease .

The term "tetracycline compound-sensitive disease" includes diseases that can be treated, prevented or ameliorated by administration of the minocycline compound of the present invention. Tetracycline compound sensitive diseases include bacterial infections (including other tetracycline compound resistant bacterial infections), cancer, diabetes and other diseases for which tetracycline compounds have been found to be effective (see eg US Pat. Nos. 5,789,395; 5,834,450 and 5,532,227). The compounds of the present invention can be used to prevent or control important mammalian and livestock diseases such as diarrhea, urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, ear, nose and throat infections, wound infections, mastitis and the like. In addition, methods of treating tumors with tetracycline compounds of the present invention are also included (van der Bozert et al., Cancer Res., 48:6686-6690 (1988)). Minocycline compounds of the invention having little or no antimicrobial activity may be required for certain tetracycline-sensitive diseases.

Bacterial infections can be caused by a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The compounds of the present invention are effective as antibiotics against microorganisms resistant to other tetracycline compounds. The antibiotic activity of tetracycline compound of the present invention can be measured with the method described in embodiment 2, or with Waitz, J.A., National Commission for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Document M7-A2, vol.10, no.8, pp.13-20, the second Edition, Villanova, PA (1990) introduced in vitro standard broth dilution assay.

The minocycline compounds of the present invention can also be used to treat infections traditionally treated with tetracycline compounds, such as Rickettsia; a large number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; and lymphogranuloma venereum, inclusion body conjunctivitis, and psittaci hot pathogens. The tetracycline compound of the present invention can be used for treating such as K.peneumoniae, Salmonella (Salmonella), E.hirae, A.baumanii, B.catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae (H.influenzae), P.aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium), Escherichia coli (E. coli), S. aureus or Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). In one embodiment, the minocycline compounds of the invention are used to treat bacterial infections resistant to other tetracycline antibiotic compounds. The minocycline compounds of the present invention may be administered with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The term "effective amount" of the compound of the present invention is a necessary or appropriate amount for the treatment or prevention of tetracycline compound-sensitive diseases. An effective amount may vary according to various factors including patient size and weight, type of disease, or the particular tetracycline compound. For example, the choice of a minocycline compound of the invention can affect the "effective amount". One of ordinary skill in the art should be able to determine the effective amount of the dimethylamine compound of the present invention without undue experimentation, taking into account the above factors.

The invention also relates to methods of treatment of microbial infections and associated diseases. The method includes administering to a patient an effective amount of one or more minocycline compounds. The patient may be a plant or an animal, preferably an animal, such as a mammal, such as a human.

In the treatment method of the present invention, one or more minocycline compounds of the present invention can be administered to the patient alone, more commonly, the compound of the present invention is administered as a component of a pharmaceutical composition mixed with a conventional excipient, and the excipient is suitable A pharmaceutically acceptable organic or inorganic carrier substance for parenteral, oral or other desired administration, which does not adversely react with the active compound and is not harmful to the patient to whom it is administered.

The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a minocycline compound and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" includes a substance which can be administered with one or more minocycline compounds of the present invention and which allows both to perform their intended function, such as treating or preventing tetracycline compound sensitive diseases. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to, water, saline solution, alcohol, vegetable oil, polyethylene glycol, gelatin, lactose, amylose, magnesium stearate, talc, silicic acid, viscous paraffin, Fragrance oil, glycerol mono- and diglyceride fatty acid esters, petroethral fatty acid esters, hydroxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. Pharmaceutical preparations can be sterilized and, if desired, mixed with auxiliary agents such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for influencing osmotic pressure, buffers, colorants, flavorings and/or aromas substances, etc., which do not deleteriously react with the active compounds of the invention.

The minocycline compounds of the present invention, which are basic in nature, are capable of forming various salts with different inorganic or organic acids. Acids which can be used to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the basic tetracycline compounds of the invention are acids which form non-toxic acid addition salts, i.e., salts comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable anion, such as hydrochloride , Hydrobromide, Hydroiodide, Nitrate, Sulfate, Bisulfate, Phosphate, Acid Phosphate, Isonicotinate, Acetate, Lactate, Salicylate, Citric Acid Salt, acid citrate, tartrate, pantothenate, bitartrate, ascorbate, succinate, maleate, gentisate, fumarate, gluconate, gluconate, sucrose , formate, benzoate, glutamate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, palmitate [ie 1,1'-methylene- Di-(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate)]. Although the salt must be pharmaceutically acceptable when administered to a patient, such as a mammal, it is often necessary in practice to first isolate the pharmaceutically unacceptable salt of the minocycline compound of the present invention from the reaction mixture and then treat it with an alkaline reagent. Treatment of the latter simply converts it to the free base compound, followed by conversion of the latter free base to the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt. The acid addition salts of basic compounds of the invention are readily prepared by treating the basic compound with a sufficient equivalent of the chosen inorganic or organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol. After careful evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is readily obtained. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the preparation of other minocycline compounds of the present invention not specifically described in the foregoing experimental section can be accomplished by various combinations of the above reactions.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the preparation of other minocycline compounds of the present invention not specifically described in the preceding experimental section can be accomplished using various combinations of the above reactions.

The minocycline compounds of the invention which are acidic in nature are capable of forming a variety of base salts. The chemical bases that can be used in the preparation of the pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of the acidic minocycline compounds of this invention are those which form non-toxic base salts with the compounds. Such non-toxic base salts include, but are not limited to, those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable cations such as alkali metal cations (such as potassium and sodium) and alkaline earth metal cations (such as calcium and magnesium), ammonium or water-soluble amine addition salts. (such as N-methylglucamine-(meglumine) and lower alkanolammonium) and other base salts of pharmaceutically acceptable organic amines. The pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts of the minocycline compounds of the invention which are acidic in nature can be formed with pharmaceutically acceptable cations by conventional methods. Thus, these salts are readily prepared by treating the minocycline compound of the invention with an aqueous solution of the desired pharmaceutically acceptable cation and evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably under reduced pressure. Alternatively, a lower alkanol solution of the minocycline compound of the present invention may be mixed with the desired metal alkoxide and the solution evaporated to dryness.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the preparation of other minocycline compounds of the present invention not specifically described in the foregoing experimental section can be accomplished by combining the above reactions.

The minocycline compounds of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be administered orally, parenterally or topically. In general, the optimal administration of these compounds is to administer an effective dose according to the weight and condition of the patient being treated and the particular route of administration chosen. Dosing varies based on the type of patient being treated, the individual response to the drug, and the type of drug formulation chosen and the period and interval at which the administration is performed.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered alone or in combination with other known compositions for the treatment of, for example, tetracycline-sensitive diseases in mammals. Preferred mammals include pets (e.g., cats, dogs, ferrets, etc.), livestock (cows, sheep, pigs, horses, goats, etc.), experimental animals (rats, mice, monkeys, etc.), and primates (chimpanzees, humans, monkeys, etc.) Chimpanzees). The term "in conjunction with" a known composition is meant to include simultaneous administration of the composition of the present invention and a known composition, administration of a known composition after administration of a composition of the present invention, and administration of a composition of the present invention after administration of a known composition. Any therapeutic composition known in the art for the treatment of tetracycline-sensitive diseases can be used in the methods of the present invention.

The compound of the present invention can be administered alone or in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent by any of the above-mentioned routes, and can be administered in single or multiple doses. For example, the novel therapeutic agents of the present invention can be administered in a variety of different dosage forms, i.e. they can be in the following formulations in combination with various pharmaceutically acceptable inert carriers: tablets, capsules, lozenges, lozenges, hard candies , powder, spray, cream, ointment, suppository, gel, gel, paste, lotion, ointment, aqueous suspension, injection solution, elixir, syrup, etc. The carrier includes solid diluent or filler, sterile water medium and various non-toxic organic solvents and the like. In addition, oral pharmaceutical compositions may be suitably sweetened and/or flavored. Typically, the therapeutically effective compound of the present invention is in such dosage form at a concentration ranging from about 5.0% to about 70% by weight.

For oral administration, different disintegrants such as starch (preferably corn, potato or tapioca) can be used in tablets containing different excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose, sodium citrate, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate and glycine. starch), alginic acid and certain silicate complexes, and granulation binders such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and acacia. In addition, lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often used for tabletting. Solid compositions of a similar type can also be employed as fillers in gelatin capsules; preferred materials in this regard also include lactose or lactose and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols. When aqueous suspensions and/or elixirs for oral administration are desired, the active ingredient may be combined with various sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring substances or pigments, and if necessary emulsifying and/or suspending agents and Examples include diluents such as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and various similar combinations thereof.

For parenteral administration (including intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intradermal or intramuscular injection), solutions of therapeutic compounds of the invention in sesame or peanut oil or in aqueous propylene glycol may be employed. Aqueous solutions may be suitably buffered (preferably pH greater than 8) if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic. These aqueous solutions are suitable for intravenous injection. The oily solution is suitable for joint, intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. All of the above solutions are readily prepared under sterile conditions by standard pharmaceutical techniques well known to those skilled in the art. For parenteral use, examples of suitable formulations include solutions, preferably oily or aqueous solutions, as well as suspensions, emulsions or implants, including suppositories. Therapeutic compounds can be formulated in sterile multiple or unit dose form, eg, dispersed in liquid carriers such as conventional sterile saline for injection or 5% saline in dextrose solution.

In addition, the compounds of the present invention may also be administered topically when treating skin inflammation. Examples of methods of topical administration include transdermal, buccal or sublingual application. For topical application, the therapeutic compound may be suitably mixed with a pharmaceutically inert topical carrier such as a gel, ointment, lotion or cream. Such topical carriers include water, glycerin, ethanol, propylene glycol, fatty alcohols, triglycerides, fatty acid esters or mineral oil. Other possible topical carriers are liquid petrolatum, isopropyl palmitate, polyethylene glycol, 95% ethanol, 5% polyethylene oxide monolaurate in water, 5% sodium lauryl sulfate in water, and the like. In addition, substances such as antioxidants, wetting agents, viscosity stabilizers, etc. may also be added if desired.

For enteral use, tablets, dragees or capsules containing talc and/or a sugar carrier binder, preferably lactose and/or corn starch and/or potato starch, etc. are particularly suitable. Syrups, elixirs and the like in which a sweetened vehicle is employed may be employed. Sustained-release compositions can be formulated, including compositions that protect active ingredients with differential degradation coatings, for example, by microencapsulation, complex coatings, and the like.

In addition to treating human patients, the methods of treatment of the present invention have effective veterinary use, for example, in the treatment of livestock such as cattle, sheep, goats, cows, pigs, etc.; poultry such as chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, etc.; horses; and pets such as dog and cat. The compounds of the invention are also useful in the treatment of non-animal subjects, such as plants.

It will be appreciated that the actual preferred amount of active compound used in a particular treatment will vary depending on the particular compound employed, the particular composition formulated, the mode of use, the particular site of administration, and the like. The optimal dosage rate for a particular dosage regimen can be easily determined by those skilled in the art by routine dosage testing in accordance with the above principles.

In general, the compounds of the invention used in therapy will be administered to a patient at the dosages used in previous minocycline therapy. See, eg, Physicians' Desk Reference. For example, suitable effective doses of one or more compounds of the present invention range from 0.01 to 100 mg/kg patient body weight/day, preferably 0.1 to 50 mg/kg patient body weight/day, more preferably 1 to 20 mg/kg patient body weight body weight/day. The required dose may be suitably administered in one or several divided doses per day, for example 2 to 5 divided doses, administered at suitable intervals or other suitable schedules throughout the day.

It will be appreciated that conventional known precautions commonly administered with tetracyclines should be taken into account to ensure their efficacy under normal conditions. Especially when used for therapeutic treatment in humans and animals, the physician should take all common sense precautions to avoid conventionally known contraindications or toxic effects. Therefore, the commonly recognized side effects: gastrointestinal discomfort and inflammation, nephrotoxicity, anaphylaxis, hematologic changes, and malabsorption of aluminum, calcium, and magnesium ions should be routinely and appropriately considered.

In one embodiment, the minocyclines of the present invention exclude those compounds described in US Patent Application Serial No. 09/823,884, which is incorporated herein by reference.

In addition, the present invention also relates to the use of the minocycline compound of formula I or II for the preparation of medicaments. The medicament may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and an effective amount of a minocycline compound, eg, an effective amount for treating a tetracycline sensitive disease.

To illustrate the invention

The compounds of the present invention may be prepared as described below, with modifications within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art.

Embodiment 1: Preparation of minocycline compound of the present invention

Preparation of 9-iodominocycline

Minocycline-dihydrochloride [30 g; 56.56 mM] was added slowly in portions at room temperature to 200 ml of 97% methanesulfonic acid. The dark tan solution was then stirred at room temperature while N-iodosuccinimide [38 g; 169.7 mM] was added in 6 aliquots over 3.0 hours. The reaction was monitored by analytical LC, indicating disappearance of starting material.

The reaction was quenched by slowly adding 2 L of ice-cold aqueous solution containing sodium thiosulfate [17.88 g; 1134.1 mM] under rapid stirring. The quench was stirred at room temperature for approximately 30 minutes. The aqueous layer was then extracted with 6 x 200ml ethyl acetate and the aqueous phase was then poured into sodium bicarbonate [259.8g; 3.08M] containing 300ml n-butanol. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with 4 x 250 ml n-butanol. The organic fractions were combined, washed 3X250ml of water and once with 250ml of saturated brine. The resulting organic phase was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue was suspended in methanol (~600ml), and anhydrous HCl gas was bubbled through this mixture until it became a solution. The solution was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The resulting product was triturated with 300 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether and isolated by filtration. This material was dissolved in 300 ml methanol, treated with 0.5 g charcoal, filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The resulting product was pulverized again with methyl tert-butyl ether, separated by suction filtration, washed with ether, and finally washed with hexane. The resulting product was dried in vacuo to obtain 22.6 g of a light tan powder.

General method for the preparation of 9-alkynyl minocycline compounds

Dissolve/suspend 1 mmol of 9-iodominocycline, 50 mg of palladium tetrakistriphenylphosphinate, 12 mg of palladium acetate, and 32 mg of copper(I) iodide in 10 ml of acetonitrile. 2-5 ml triethylamine and 3-5 mmol alkynyl derivative are added. The reaction mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature to 70°C. The reaction time is 2-24 hours. After the reaction was complete, the black suspension was filtered through a pad of celite and concentrated. The crude product was purified by preparative HPLC. The combined fractions were concentrated and dissolved in ~1 ml methanol. ~3 mL of HCl in saturated methanol was added and the product was precipitated with ether.

General method for the preparation of 9-aryl minocycline compounds

15 mmol minocycline, PdOAc (3.2 mg), 229 μl 2M Na ₂ CO ₃ and 2 equivalents of phenylboronic acid were dissolved/suspended in 10 ml methanol. The vial was bubbled with argon, and the reaction was carried out for at least 4 hours, or until HPLC monitoring showed consumption of starting material and/or appearance of product. The suspension was filtered through celite and purified by preparative HPLC on a divinylbenzene column.

Compound OU(9-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenylureido)-methylminocycline)

Process 7

To 3 mL of dimethylformamide were added 150 mg (0.25 mmol) of 9-methylaminominocycline trihydrochloride and 67 ml (0.50 mmol) of triethylamine at 25°C. 75 mL (0.50 mmol) of 4-trifluoromethoxyphenylisocyanate was added with stirring, and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. Analytical HPLC (4.6x 50MM reverse phase Luna C18 column, 5 minutes linear gradient 1-100% B buffer solution, A buffer solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, B buffer solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid acetonitrile solution) monitoring. After the reaction was complete, the reaction was quenched with 1 mL of water, and its pH was adjusted to about 2.0 with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The solution was filtered and the compound was purified by preparative HPLC. Compound OU 64 mg (37% yield) was obtained. The purity of compound OU was determined to be 95% by LCMS (M+1=690).

Compound LA (9-(4'carboxyphenyl)minocycline)

Process 8

9-Iodominocycline [500 mg; 0.762 mmoles] diHCl salt, palladium(II) acetate [17.2 mg; 0.076 mmoles] and 10 ml reagent grade methanol were added to a clean dry reaction vessel. The solution was immediately passed through a flow of argon for about 5 minutes with stirring. The reaction vessel was refluxed, followed by the addition of 2M potassium carbonate solution [1.91 ml; 3.81 mmoles] into the vessel by syringe, followed by the addition of p-carboxyphenylboronic acid [238.3 mg; 1.53 mmoles] in 5 ml of reagent DMF. Both solutions were pre-degassed with argon for about 5 minutes. The reaction was heated for 45 minutes, the progress of which was monitored by reverse phase HPLC. The reaction was suction filtered through a celite pad, and the celite pad was washed with DMF. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to an oil and the residue was treated with tert-butyl methyl ether. The crude product was purified by reverse phase PLC (DVB, gradient water and methanol/acetonitrile containing 1.0% trifluoroacetic acid). The product was confirmed by mass spectrometry: measured value M+1 578.58; its structure was confirmed by 1H NMR.

Embodiment 2: In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination

The following experiments were used to determine the effect of tetracycline compounds on common bacteria. 2 mg of each compound was dissolved in 100 μl DMSO. This solution was then added to cation-adjusted Mueller Hinton Broth (CAMHB) at a final compound concentration of 200 μg ml. The minocycline compound solution was diluted to a volume of 50 μL to give a test compound concentration of 0.098 μg/ml. Optical density (OD) was determined with fresh log-phase broth of the tested strains. Dilutions were made such that the final density of cells was ^1x106 CFU/ml. When OD=1, the bacterial cell density of different genera is about:

Escherichia coli ^1x109 CFU/ml

S. aureus ^5x108 CFU/ml

Enterococcus sp. 2.5x10 ⁹ CFU/ml

Add 50 μl of bacterial cell suspension to each well of the microtiter plate. The final cell density should be approximately 5x10 ⁵ CFU/ml. Plates were incubated for 18 hours in an incubator at 35°C with ambient atmosphere. Plates were read with a microplate reader and inspected visually if necessary. MIC is defined as the minimum concentration of tetracycline compound that inhibits growth. The compounds of the invention show good growth inhibition.

In Table 1, * indicates that the compound is a good growth inhibitor of a specific bacterium, ** indicates that a compound is a very good growth inhibitor of a specific bacterium, *** indicates that a compound is a particularly good growth inhibitor of a specific bacterium.

equivalent implementation

Those skilled in the art will know, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific methods described herein. Such equivalent embodiments are considered to be within the scope of this invention and are included within the scope of the following claims. All references, patents, and patent applications cited throughout this application are hereby incorporated by reference. Suitable parts, processes and methods of these patents, applications and other documents may be used in the present invention and its embodiments.

Table 1

Claims (8)

1. A minocycline compound of the following formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and prodrugs thereof:

in: X is CHC(R ¹³ Y'Y), CR ⁶ 'R ⁶ , S, NR ⁶ or O; R ² , R ⁴ ′, R ⁴ ″, R ⁷ ′ and R ⁷ ″ are each hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl Acyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, or prodrug moieties; R ⁴ is NR ⁴ 'R ⁴ ", alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hydroxyl, halogen or hydrogen; ^R2 ', ^R3 , ^R10 , ^R11 and ^R12 are each hydrogen or a prodrug moiety; ^R5 is hydroxyl, hydrogen, mercapto, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkararoyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or arylcarbonyloxy; ^R6 and ^R6 ' are independently hydrogen, methylene, absent, hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl , alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl; ^R9 is nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylalkyl, amino, arylalkene Base, aryl alkynyl, thionitroso or -(CH ₂ ) _0-3 NR ^9c C(=Z')ZR ^9a ; Z is CR ^9d R ^9e , S, NR ^9b or O; Z' is NR ^9f , O or S; R ^9a , R ^9b , R ^9c , R ^9d , R ^9e and R ^9f are each independently hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkyl Sulfonyl, alkylamino, arylalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl or prodrug moieties; ^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or aryl alkyl; ^R is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylamino or arylalkyl; Y' and Y are each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, mercapto, amino, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, Alkylamino, or arylalkyl. 2. A minocycline compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof selected from the group consisting of:

3. Use of the minocycline compound according to claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of a medicament for treating tetracycline-sensitive diseases in mammals. 4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the minocycline compound of claim 1 or 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 5. A 9-substituted minocycline compound of the following formula and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

in: each of ^R4 ', ^R4 ", ^R7 ' and ^R7 " is an alkyl group; R ⁹ is pyridyl ethynyl; alkenyl carbamate group; halo; alkyl acrylate group; naphthyl; haloacetyl; alkyl carbamate group; Pentenyl; Benzofuryl; Phenylpropionylamino; Tosylamino; Methoxypyridyl; Alkenylamino; N-tert-butyl; Tert-butylamide group; Hydroxybutylamino; hydroxypropylamino; phenyl; nitrophenyl; nitrophenylalkynyl; aminophenyl; alkoxyphenyl; halophenylurea group; cyanophenyl; carboxyphenyl; acylphenyl ; Alkylphenyl; Halophenyl; Alkoxyphenyl; Carboxyalkylphenyl; Phenylalkynyl; Alkynyl; Aminophosphoryl. 6. Use of the 9-substituted minocycline compound according to claim 5 in the preparation of a medicament for treating tetracycline-sensitive diseases in patients. 7. A minocycline compound, which is selected from the compounds listed in Table 1. 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 5 or 7 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.