CN101373172B - Histological tissue specimen treatment - Google Patents
Histological tissue specimen treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101373172B CN101373172B CN 200810142948 CN200810142948A CN101373172B CN 101373172 B CN101373172 B CN 101373172B CN 200810142948 CN200810142948 CN 200810142948 CN 200810142948 A CN200810142948 A CN 200810142948A CN 101373172 B CN101373172 B CN 101373172B
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Abstract
A tissue processor used for processing tissue sample for histopathology analysis, comprising two retorts, a paraffin tank, a reactant vessel, a bump and a valve from a vessel to any retort to distribute the reactant; a divided reactant tube is connected to the paraffin tank to the retort; a method of permeating a sample comprises a reactant like alcohol; wherein the temperature of the permeation material is heated to equal to or higher than the boiling point of the reactant, so that the reactant can be removed through boiling when using the permeation material in contact with the tissue sample, which can reduce the pressure in the retort so as to reduce the boiling point of the reactant.
Description
The application is that application number is 02822789.1 (PCTAU02/01337), the applying date to be on October 1st, 2002, to be entitled as the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention of " processing of histological tissue specimen ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method that histological tissue specimen is handled.
Background technology
The preparation of histological tissue specimen is a physical process, and it relates to the chemical solution with the biological specimen reaction.Usually, need handle such as the sample from the tissue samples that living tissue is dissected and autopsy obtains.The net result of this processing is that usefulness paraffin infiltration is through preserving the sample of handling.In case organization embedding is in paraffin, it is in stable and can cuts into slices by embedding with on the microtome that microscope is used then.This process is usually directed to four different secondary programs:
(a) fixing
Fixedly be that cell protein reaches a stable process through fixing, this process uses chemical solvent to implement usually.One good fixing agent is a liquid normally, and it neither makes tissue contracts also not make tissue bulking, and specifically, it will can not dissolve the ingredient of tissue, but can killing bacteria with make the enzyme inertia.In addition, solution should be revised the formation of tissue, still can keep its form so that organize when standing to understand the processing that destroys its original state.The chemical solution of common use is a formalin.
(b) dehydration
Because the final purpose that tissue samples is handled is to permeate tissue samples with paraffin, and because water and paraffin are not miscible, so sample must dehydration after fixing step.This makes tissue samples stand the alcohol of concentration raising usually and is achieved.
(c) clean
Because paraffin and alcohol are difficult for mixing, so after dehydration, tissue samples still can not be accepted paraffin.Select a kind of chemical solution that can mix, use this solution to come from sample, to wash alcohol with alcohol and paraffin.The chemical solution of common use is an xylene.Regrettably, xylene is considered to poisonous article, but xylene is still being used in the laboratory that the most tissues pathology are handled on the schedule of every day.
(d) infiltration
The 4th of the tissue samples processing is the infiltration sample with last step, adopts paraffin to permeate usually.In this step, the tissue samples that has been cleaned is placed in the paraffin, and heating paraffin is to being higher than the above several years of its fusing point.Paraffin can require some variations to remove remaining xylene, like this, organizes the paraffin infiltration that fully is melted.
The time of carrying out change of fluid for all fluids relates to the requirement of from tissue samples, getting rid of previous chemicals effectively.Tissue samples can have suitable variation in terms of content with on the volume, therefore, from a sample, gets rid of the needed time of fluid and compares with from another sample, getting rid of the needed time of fluid, and both have very big difference.In addition, some sample is to be clipped between the biological tissue pad, and they are porous, thereby absorb a large amount of fluids.
The manual method that prior structure is handled realizes that first trial of robotization is: solution is put in the structure of a circle, so that sample can move to another container from a container, in they arrive finally heated paraffin tank.The foremost instrument that is used for this type structure in the histopathology field is Tchnicon.One of major defect of this type instrument is that instrument allows flue gas to escape in the laboratory, causes laboratory worker to be exposed in harmful environment.In order to overcome this problem, follow-on tissue treatment instrument comprises that one is used for the chamber of the closure that is positioned at the center of tissue samples.The necessary solution of tissue treatment uses suitable valve system to be fed in the closed chamber, in valve system fluid in order pumping advance chamber and pump chamber.In the process of handling, chamber is not opened usually.
When chamber was closed, only single rules can be moved, and these rules must attempt to meet the scope that can be included in single operating tissue samples.This can cause crossing of some sample to be handled or undertreatment.The characteristic of given retort sealing, tissue samples can be difficult for being removed or adding in a processing procedure.
Another problem is that some sample requires eager the processing, and other samples are then not urgent.In known tissue samples preparation device, the sample that can not stop a current operation requires eager sample, perhaps, adopts rules, and it allows one to require eager sample to handle than the sample of long process time with other requirement.Therefore, no matter be that the eager sample that requires to handle moves individually, the sample of still putting into other moves, and all increases the time of handling.
The various instances of the tissue processor of known robotization can be seen in patent documentation, and typical instance includes the United States Patent (USP) 4,141,312 of authorizing Louder, and the United States Patent (USP) 5,049,510 of authorizing people such as Repasl.
Therefore, prior art can not be dealt with masterlyly, guarantees that various samples can handle safely and effectively.
Some system comprises with microwave heating wax or tissue samples, yet microwave system is difficult to robotization, it would be better the heat tissue sample with its reacting by heating agent.
In the prior art, need a kind of tissue processor, it can provide the robotization of tissue treatment.
Also require in the tissue treatment process, to reduce and use harmful chemicals.
In addition, also require to clean the penetration material that pollutes.
Summary of the invention
In a form; The present invention relates to a tissue processor, it has two retorts, a controller; And one group of reaction container and valve arrangement that is connected to retort through the reactant catheter fluid with being communicated with; Wherein, by controller guiding, valve arrangement guiding reactant from reaction container in arbitrary retort.
In another form, the present invention relates to the method for a processing one tissue samples, it comprises following all steps:
Through tissue samples being exposed in the dehydrating solution, the tissue after fixing is dewatered;
Through tissue being exposed in the penetration material, the tissue samples that dewatered is permeated;
Wherein, The step of removing the dehydration fluid realizes that through the heating penetration material temperature of heating is substantially equal to or is higher than the boiling temperature of dehydrating solution, and makes tissue samples contact penetration material; So that the boiling of the dehydrating solution on the sample can make penetration material be penetrated in the tissue samples.
In another form, the present invention relates to the method for volatile contaminant of the penetration material of a cleansing tissue processor, it comprises following all steps:
Penetration material is heated to a temperature of cleaning,
Make penetration material stand decompression, so that reduce the boiling point of volatile contaminant, wherein, cleaning temperature is substantially equal to or is higher than the boiling temperature of the pollutant under said decompression.
To describe the embodiment of tissue processor of the present invention below with reference to all accompanying drawings in detail.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of simplifying according to one of first embodiment of tissue processor of the present invention, and the primary element of tissue processor is shown;
Fig. 2 is a more comprehensive schematic block diagram of tissue processor, and the pipeline of air and reactant is shown;
Fig. 3 illustrates the stereographic map of an embodiment of tissue processor as shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 illustrates the stereographic map that cuts open of office of a retort of tissue processor as shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 illustrates the stereographic map that the office of the retort that is similar to Fig. 4 is cutd open, and wherein, the boxlike basket is positioned on the certain position;
Fig. 6 illustrates the front view of retort as shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 7 illustrates the curve map of the boiling temperature of isopropyl alcohol to vacuum pressure;
Fig. 8 a and 8b illustrate one be used for the reactant valve of tissue processor of the present invention the view of instance;
Fig. 9 illustrates the rear view of tissue processor as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, illustrate processor 10 one roughly the signal instance, shown in the figure such as retort 12 and 14, four permeable tank 16-22, container 26, reactant valve 40, collector 38, and the critical piece of pneumatic pump 44.Connect three the main fluid subsystems that have of main element, a subsystem is from pump 44 to permeable tank 16-22 and the air line 30 of retort 12 and 14.One second subsystem is the permeate line 32 that permeable tank 16-22 is connected to retort 12 and 14.One the 3rd subsystem is the reactant pipeline 34 that container 26 is connected to reactant valve 40 and retort 12 and 14.Valve system as shown in Figure 2 guarantees that fluid flow to correct target along each pipeline, and Fig. 2 connection and valve that fluid line is shown is with respect to one of the layout of said elements concrete embodiment.For the purpose of clear, being electrically connected between controller 25, valve, pump 44 and other element omitted from Fig. 2, and is considered to the accessory of standard.Moreover the abridged also has many containers 26 and they corresponding being connected with reactant valve 40 from Fig. 2, to provide illustrated clear.The connection of omitting is equal to those connections shown in Fig. 2.
The synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 is implemented in the instance shown in Fig. 3 and 9.
With reference to Fig. 3 and 9, processor 10 comprises the control interface 24 of the user interface that adopts a figure, so that the user can pass through controller 25 Operation Processors.In the present embodiment, controller 25 is positioned at rack 11, yet interface 24 can arrange with controller 25 dividually, for example, and as the part of PC independently.Controller 25 can comprise a personal computer processor such as the Celeron chip that is produced by Intel company, and it is positioned at (not shown) on the ETX form factor PCB.
Controller can comprise a plurality of predetermined rules (or step) and handle tissue, and all rules are stored in the nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk drive.Rules can to implement to handle a plurality of steps of tissue, perhaps can be scheduled to by user program.Typical rule parameter comprises: which kind of reactant is applied on the sample, and how long reactant applies, and whether the temperature that reactant applies stirs, and whether the environmental pressure in the retort changes.
In Fig. 3, retort 12 and the 14 visible permeable tank 16-22 fronts that are positioned at.For the purpose of clear, retort 12 and 14 lid are removed, and the lid of permeable tank is also removed.In the present embodiment, each retort 12 and 14 can have a lid (not shown), and each also can have a lid 17 and 19 (being shown among Fig. 9) to permeable tank.When being in closed position, all lids can be used to seal retort and groove.Container 26 can be positioned at below retort 12 and 14, so that the user can be approaching.Control unit interface 24 among Fig. 3 and 9 adopts a touch-screen, yet, also can use other input and display device.Be positioned at the filter unit 52 that also has below retort 12 and 14, it generally includes a carbon filter, so that absorb the airborne vapour of from processor 10, discharging.
In Fig. 9, visible various fluid lines such as reactant pipeline 34 are attached on the reactant valve 40 from reaction container 26.Reactant valve 40 can have the input from all containers 27, and the single output of arriving retort 12 and 14.Also visible a plurality of air lines are connected to reactant bottle 26 with collector 38.Connection between each element among Fig. 9 is schematically illustrated among Fig. 2.
An embodiment of retort 12 is shown among Fig. 4-6, comprises the receptacle 13 that is used for accepting containing the basket 62 of tissue samples.Receptacle has 5.5 liters working volume, yet in each step of rules, receptacle can fully fill up.When being positioned at processor, retort can turn over 10 degree towards the front of processor 10 forward.This allows more easily near basket, also provides one to be positioned at receptacle 13 emission point at place down, so that the residue that remains in the retort 12 after the discharging reaches minimum.
Use sensor 52 to detect the liquid level of the fluid in the retort 12, like this, controller 25 can determine when and open or close pump 44, or open and close suitable valve (like what hereinafter will describe).In Fig. 6, the layout of visible three sensors 52.The nethermost sensor when liquid level of liquid (for example, reactant or osmotic fluid) is positioned at the top of minimum liquid level.The receptacle that on behalf of a part, minimum liquid level can load, when in economic model, operating, the receptacle that part is loaded is desirable.When handling two or be less than two basket simultaneously, then this situation is desirable, wherein, only requires about 3.8 liters fluid to comprise basket and the sample that contains wherein.Because basket can be different size, so, the height of minimum sensor and can in the various embodiment of retort 12, changing for the loading of economic model thus.When middle sensor 52 detects that the liquid level of liquid generally covers three baskets, and it is normal fully loaded.The sensor 52 at top detects the situation of excessive filling.In this certain embodiments, all sensors are optical sensors, the change of refractive when they depend on liquid and contact with the prism (not shown) of sensor.Each basket can approximately keep 100 samples, perhaps is placed in other box, perhaps directly is placed in the basket.Therefore, be approximately 300 samples for the embodiment of the retort 12 shown in Fig. 4-6 fully loaded.Retort can be made more greatly or be smaller, looks to require and decide.
Be shown in the temperature sensor 53 in addition among Fig. 6, it directly is installed on the retort, and temperature sensor 54, and it is installed on the heating cushion 55.Heating retort 12 is to guarantee the correct temperature of reactant or osmotic fluid.On retort 12, directly place a temperature sensor, the feasible wherein measurement of fluid temperature (F.T.), the temperature of comparable measurement heating cushion is more accurate, especially, has in the situation of low pyroconductivity at the fluid that adopts.Then, the temperature of heating cushion can remain on maximum, and the temperature of retort 12 is lower than maximal value, only uses a temperature sensor such as fruit, and heating faster is provided.
The port 56 that is shown among Fig. 6 allows air line 30 to be connected to retort 12.Retort collector 57 also allows to connect permeate line 30 and reactant pipeline 34 through selecting (not shown) in the common inlet of the at of receptacle 13.In Fig. 2, retort collector 57 comprises valve ret 1-vrgt and ret 1-vwax, and collector is positioned at the front of processor 10, and like this, the pitch angle of 10 degree of retort causes all fluids towards public inlet point discharging.
In Figure 4 and 5, the inside of receptacle 13 is shown, comprising perturbator 70.Perturbator 70 magnetically is coupled on the motor 58, and can controlled device 25 be equipped with multiple speed and driven.Basket respectively comprises up to 100 tissue samples.Basket 62 is bearing in (as shown in Figure 4) on the short column 59 after leaving perturbator.
In this example, retort 12 and 14 is identical structure, size and operations, yet a retort can be bigger than another, or has bigger volume.Reproducible to retort 14 with advancing of retort 12 with being connected of going out.
In Fig. 2, pressure-release valve 48 is shown as and air line 30, retort 12 and 14, and the permeable tank fluid is communicated with.Any overvoltage in these pipelines will cause unnecessary air to be discharged through collector and filtrator 47 wastes.
The inventory of valve function is listed in as follows:
Valve ret1-vwst and ret2-vwst are connected to waste gas container 72 (when needs one waste gas circulation) with retort 12 and 14.Only a retort is with emptying immediately, and therefore, these valves are only opened one at every turn.In another embodiment, valve ret1-vwst and ret2-vwst can omit, and waste gas container 72 can directly be connected to reactant valve 40.Being discharged in the waste gas is reactant, and reactant valve 40 is connected to the reactant pipeline 34 that links to each other with waste gas container 72, and the valve on retort is opened and reactant directly is discharged in the waste gas container 72.
Valve ret1-vrgt and ret2-vrgt allow reactant in retort filling and discharge process, to flow into and flow out their corresponding retorts.When discharging one retort, these valves are opened, so that reactant can be back to the reactant pipeline downwards, and always locate to get back in the same reaction container 26.Visible from figure, air valve ret1-vfi s and ret2-vfis are connected to the reactant pipeline 34 that is positioned at below valve ret1-vrgt and the ret2-vrgt.These air valves are used for after loading a retort, from the reactant pipeline, removing unnecessary reactant.Extract the reactant that flows in the retort out when using decompression; When reducing the hydrodynamic pressure in entire reaction agent pipeline 34, this situation is desirable, therefore; When pressure returned to reactant pipeline 34, some reactant can upwards flow to the pipeline of the retort of not loading as yet.Open these valves, or open all valves and pumped air downwards, the air line that enters in the reactant pipeline is removed unnecessary reactant, prevents or reduces cross pollution.
Valve ret1-vwax and ret2-vwax are connected to permeable tank with valve wb1-vwx to wb4-vwx with retort through permeate line 32.When osmotic fluid entered into retort 12 or therefrom discharges, valve wb1-vwx to wb4-vwx once opened one, looked osmotic fluid and where was derived from and decides.Permeate line 32 between permeable tank and retort heats, and is not hardened to guarantee the penetration material in-line.
Valve ret1-vair and ret2-vair are used for controlling the air from the air pump to the retort.Air can normal pressure be supplied to the mode of environmental pressure, or from retort, extracts out, so that the pressure in one or two retort is lower than environmental pressure.These valves confirm that which valve is communicated with the air pump fluid.Also have air-vprs must open with the connection between permission pump and the valve, otherwise, air guide wax-air valve, it is connected with permeable tank.
In use, pending tissue samples is placed on (not shown) in the box usually, so that put in the basket 62.In general, expectation has an identical processing time and is exposed to the tissue samples under the identical processing rules with expecting, can be placed on together in the identical basket 62.Contain the basket 62 that tissue samples piles up and be placed into then among in retort 12 or 14, and lid is closed to form the enclosure space of a sealing.Then, an operator can enter data in the control interface 24, to indicate the controller 25 of the rules that will be followed.Rules can be programmed length by length, for example, the reactant of instruction time, temperature, pressure, disturbance and each step, or one comprise selectable pre-programmed in steps rules.
In case the lid of retort is fixed, the first step in the rules can use a fixed solution to load selected retort (selected retort 12 in this example).One typical fixed solution is a formalin, and it can remain in one or more reaction containers.In order to load retort 12 with fixed solution, pump 44 startings, and valve opens the air line of the entrance side from retort 12 to pump, from retort 12 pumped airs.The reactant valve is set to such position: the reaction container that is connected to the reactant line fluid of retort 12 regulation that is used for formalin.Along reactant pipeline, open other all valves from retort 12 to reactant valve 40.Decompression in the retort 12 is enough to fluid is aspirated out reaction container, enters into reactant pipeline 34 through the reactant valve, and enters in the retort 12.Retort is heated to a predetermined temperature by the well heater pad, and this temperature is selected and control by controller.Sensor 53 and 54 can be used to control the temperature of retort, and tissue thus and be included in any reactant wherein.The one or more sensors 52 in retort shown in Fig. 4 and 6 can be used to the liquid level of detection reaction agent.When the reactant liquid level in the retort is enough, as seen in fig. 5, cover basket 62 usually, pump can cut out, or throws off with retort 12, for example, through closing valve ret1-vrgt as shown in Figure 2.
After through the time span of being confirmed by controller 25 (usually by user's programming), reactant can be removed from retort 12.This is through opening the valve ret1-vair in air line 30, and the valve ret1-vrgt that opens in reactant pipeline 34 realizes.Then, according to the position of the reactant valve of being confirmed by the rules of programming 40, reactant is got back in its reaction container that originally came out from retort 12 dischargings, or gets back in the different reaction containers, or as discharging of waste liquid.In order to help discharging, retort 12 can add malleation by air from pump 44, along air line 30 supplies.In the present embodiment, the reactant discharging is got back in its original container.If reactant is contaminated, or is used in the sample of predetermined quantity or had cleaned, then used an independent refuse cycle bleeder in waste liquid.
Reactant being used in the autoreaction agent container is loaded in the retort process, flows into air line 30 downwards from the air of retort 12 pumpings, and wherein some flow back into collector 38, and enters in the reaction container, and some air circulates from retort 12 once more.To flow out through a cohesion mechanism such as cohesion coil pipe 51 from the unnecessary air of retort 12 pumpings, and/or carbon filter 47, both design next the organic of volatilization or other the compound before air arrives atmosphere, from air, removed.Processor 10 can have an outlet and connect, and it allows filtered air to discharge, or is further filtered by the device of processor 10 outsides.
Second step in the tissue treatment can be a dehydration.The reactant that is used for extracting out dehydration can be with above-mentioned identical, because the reactant of dehydration will be stored in the reaction container 27 to the methods in the retort 12.The fluid of dehydration can contain the fluid such as alcohol, for example, and ethanol.The fluid of dehydration also can contain some water, or have a mind to add, or the fluid that wherein dewaters is reused the water of from previous sample, removing.Be applied in the situation in the sample in the retort at the dehydration fluid, rules can have most steps, and in each step, can use different dehydration fluids.For example, can use the fluid that has than the water of previous less fluid, so that in each the cleaning, in sample, extract more moisture out.The fluid of dehydration can be extraly or is comprised isopropyl alcohol with changing.Cleaning with isopropyl alcohol later on provides the many performances with advantage (will be described below).In addition, can use the common adjuvant that is used for the dehydration fluid of tissue processor, compatible mutually because present embodiment is intended to known dehydration fluid.
Doing in the last cleaning with the dehydration fluid, fluid is fully discharged from retort.This can be achieved with the cleaning reaction agent through opening to deliver in the reactant pipeline from the valve of air pump and with pneumatic pump.Can use the flushing of steam, wherein, pump washes fresh air in the retort, so that from reactant (for example, dehydration fluid), wash any steam.Because the dehydration fluid can have high local pressure under the temperature of retort operation, so, can there be a large amount of steams.After dehydration, can use a drying steps, wherein, with heating cushion 55 heating retorts, simultaneously, air passes through chamber through air line 30 pumpings.This removes excessive dehydration fluid.Sustainable some minutes of drying steps or more time, retort can be heated to 85 degree Celsius, look selection dehydration fluid and heat tissue sample sensitivity and decide.
Another step of tissue treatment is the infiltration of sample.This realizes such as the material of paraffin through infiltration usually.Paraffin remains in the permeable tank 16-22, and they are heated to above the temperature of the requirement of melted paraffin wax temperature, 54 degree normally Celsius.The paraffin ball adds in the permeable tank usually, and it adds the heated paraffin ball, melts and reach suitable temperature up to their.Perhaps, can melting wax in advance directly be added in the groove.Paraffin is heated to the temperature of rising, is generally 65 degree Celsius, till requiring.Present embodiment shows four permeable tank, yet, according to the capacity of retort and permeable tank, can be provided with more than four or be less than four.Permeate line 32 is moved towards two retorts 12 and 14 from permeable tank 16-22, and comprises all valves such as valve ret1-vwax and ret2-vwax, and they allow one, some, or all the concentrated flow body is connected to one of them retort with being communicated with.The structure of groove, valve and penetration material pipeline can make the sample in the retort reached four kinds of different penetration materials and clean.In addition, penetration material can heat in one or more grooves, and processor 10 is in operation simultaneously, from remaining groove, extracts penetration material.
At penetration stage, paraffin is through opening the valve between retort and the suitable permeable tank, and for example ret1-vfis is drawn in the retort 12, then, uses pump 44 and opens valve air-vprs and ret1-vair, reduces the pressure in the retort.Decompression in the retort is drawn into paraffin in the retort 12.Usually, pressure can be-20 to-80kpa gauge pressure, yet, can use multiple pressure, their persons of being to use programme through controller.Heating paraffin to temperature can be higher than or be approximately equal to and be used for boiling temperature last or the last dehydration fluid that cleans several times.If use an isopropyl alcohol, boiling temperature is approximately 82 degree Celsius under atmospheric pressure.Ethanol is usually in 78 degree boilings Celsius.After retort had discharged the dehydration fluid, some fluid remained on the tissue samples or by tissue samples and absorbs.Then, tissue samples can stand aforesaid drying stage, and with further removal dehydration fluid, and retort washes with clean air.Then, paraffin is drawn in the retort.One touches the paraffin of heating, remaining dehydration fluid evaporator, or boiling exiting tissue sample, and paraffin substitutes the dehydration fluid, therefore, the infiltration sample.Pump can continue to deflate, or from retort, evaporates, and to reduce the pressure in the retort, it will reduce the evaporating temperature of dehydration fluid.As giving an example, the pressure in the retort can reduce the 50kpa gauge pressure, causes the boiling temperature of isopropyl alcohol to be approximately 52 degree Celsius.The curve map of the against vacuum of boiling temperature shown in Fig. 7 pressure.The temperature that reduces the paraffin contact with tissue samples can provide an advantage, for example, and organizing in the bad situation of performance at high temperature of some type.Usually, the paraffin of employing (paraplasm+take from laboratory, Oxford) is about 54 degree fusings Celsius.Can use other penetration material, comprise the resin of the histopathology process that is used for permeating tissue samples.In this example, in the end the stage is used alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol does not mix with paraffin basically mutually.This means: if the previous fluid in the retort does not mix with osmotic fluid mutually, then osmotic fluid can not the infiltration tissue samples.Therefore, the volatilizable dehydrating material that seethes with excitement can omit one and wherein require to have a step such as the central fluid of xylene, and xylene can mix in alcohol and paraffin mutually.Xylene has unfavorable performance in the laboratory.Yet when being exposed to 80 degree temperature following times approximately Celsius, xylene also will evaporate, especially, and when the pressure in the retort has descended through applying vacuum as described herein.Therefore, this instance can make tissue samples be used for not having the clean cycle of xylene, but also can be used for the fluid such as xylene.Its advantage is not use xylene, comprises mixing of xylene and paraffin, therefore, can be used as a pollutant and absorbs in the paraffin.Yet, in some cases, require to use xylene, for example, when tissue requires to clean, and when being considered to not competent such as the dehydration fluid of isopropyl alcohol.In addition, xylene can use after cycle of treatment, so as from retort the paraffin of overclean, therefore, xylene can be present in the processor.
Through remaining on paraffin in the groove and reducing the pressure in the groove, can clean the osmotic fluid of pollutant, such as the washing fluid of xylene such as some volatilization of dehydration fluid.This clean cycle is carried out under the groove lid is closed, and wherein, the temperature of decompression and raising penetration material, the temperature of raising remain between 60 degree Celsius and 100 degree.In one embodiment, temperature can remain between 65 degree Celsius and 85 degree.So-called volatile material is meant: under above-mentioned temperature and/or decompression, this material will seethe with excitement or evaporate.
Airborne dehydration fluid evaporator pressure in the container also can reduce, and for example, the air through in the discharging retort perhaps keeps a low pressure simultaneously, perhaps cycles through the scope of pressure.Osmotic fluid can remain under the temperature that improves and reach several hours in the groove, so that wash pollutant.
Use two retorts can allow two groups of baskets to be processed, perhaps handle simultaneously, perhaps the time goes up overlapping.Therefore, a retort can load and begin rules, simultaneously, another retort halfway in, through identical or different rules.This provides the extra dirigibility of processor.
Here the tissue samples that relates to can be the tissue samples of human body or animal, or takes from the sample of vegetable material.
To describe at present one be used for tissue samples exemplary rules, the human body living tissue sample of the punching of a 3mm for example:
| Step | Reactant | Time (branch) | Temperature (℃) | | Disturbance | |
| 1 | Formalin | 5 | 60 | Environment | Be | |
| 2 | 50/50 |
25 | 60 | Environment | Be | |
| 3 | 80/20 ethanol water | 35 | 60 | Environment | Be | |
| 4 | |
30 | 60 | Environment | Be | |
| 5 | |
40 | 85 | Vacuum | Be | |
| 6 | Paraffin | 5 | 85 | Vacuum | Be | |
| T.T. | 140 |
Another rules are following
| Step | Reactant | Time (branch) | Temperature (℃) | | Disturbance | |
| 1 | |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 2 | 80% ethanol | 45 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 3 | 90% ethanol | 45 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 4 | 100 |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 5 | 100 |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 6 | 100 |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 7 | 100 |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be | |
| 8 | Isopar or |
60 | 40 | Environment | Be |
| The lemon olein | |||||
| 9 | Isopar or d limonene | 75 | 40 | Environment | Be |
| 10 | Isopar or d limonene | 75 | 40 | Environment | Be |
| 11 | |
70 | 60 | Vacuum | Be |
| 12 | |
60 | 60 | Vacuum | Be |
| 13 | |
60 | 60 | Vacuum | Be |
| Total processing time | 790 |
Visible from above data, in these rules, do not need xylene, and rules have step seldom, can save time.
In one embodiment, a pollution detection device 68 can be arranged in the reactant pipeline 34, so that the existence of detection reaction agent internal contamination thing.
In order to discharge retort 12, through the edge be used for abstraction reaction agent identical air line 34 pumped airs in the retort 12, pump can increase the pressure in the retort 12.Useless reactant can be discharged in the reaction container, or is discharged into waste liquid port 72.Also available this method of osmotic fluid is discharged in the waste container 70 from retort 12, and likewise, osmotic fluid can use malleation from groove, to discharge.
In above-mentioned instance, the dehydration fluid does not mix with penetration material mutually.Yet said process provides advantage, even use a clean cycle, wherein washing fluid mixes with dehydration fluid and penetration material mutually.In addition, can use adjuvant to improve the cleaning performance of dehydrating material, also improve the miscibility of all fluids in dehydration and the impregnation step.
Although the temperature that improves osmotic fluid is higher than the boiling temperature of dehydration agent (or cleaning reaction agent); To cause removing quickly reactant; But the local pressure in the supposition retort is lower than at the local pressure to the reactant under the fixed temperature, and then reactant will still be removed at boiling temperature or near under the boiling temperature.This can realize through the pressure that reduces in the retort, then, allows some ozones to enter in the retort.Fresh air is entered in the retort, remove the air that is loaded with evaporant simultaneously, this will reduce the local pressure of airborne reactant in the retort, therefore, promote more reactant evaporations.If reactant can mix with osmotic fluid, then can remove all reactants, so that obtain infiltration.Yet,, be higher than the boiling temperature of the reactant under the setting pressure if the sample withstand temperature preferably improves the temperature of the osmotic fluid in the retort.Temperature is higher than the boiling temperature of the reactant under the setting pressure, can be the above several years of boiling temperature usually, for example, and 5 degree Celsius.
Other dehydration fluid can be thought of as and can be used for this device, for example:
Methyl alcohol
Butanols
Monoethylene glycol
Propylene glycol
Industrial methylated spirit
Denatured alcohol (including the use of kerosene, benzene, or Fan Wood Bi alkali denatured alcohol)
Reactant level alcohol
Acetone
And their combination, yet above inventory is representational, is not intended to comprise that one is applicable to the detailed reactant inventory of processor as herein described.
Also can consider such cleaning reaction agent, for example, cinene, the D-limonene, 1,1,1, trichloroethanes, toluene, and dioxane, and also this inventory also is the type that is intended to show spendable reactant, rather than an exhaustive inventory that stays.Above-mentioned reactant, and other the reactant that is applicable to the pathology tissue treatment, for example; Dehydration, cleaning, or their combination, they can be used in the following step of this device: supposition reactant volatile matter does not stay residual; Use the heating of osmotic fluid, ER agent from sample.Although under atmospheric pressure, have the boiling point of 118 degree Celsius approximately such as the reactant of butanols, the tissue of the well secured of some type will stand this temperature and not have destruction, therefore, can use higher temperature, improve the scope of the reactant that is applicable to above-mentioned processing.Thus, the upper bound temperature that may be utilized depends on tissue, therefore, is the tissue of well secured, and temperature can surpass 100.Decompression can help to reduce the temperature in the retort through the reduction of reactant boiling point in retort.
In above-mentioned instance, also can consider to be applicable to the penetration material such as resin and other fluid of histopathologic tissue treatment, the present invention is not intended to be confined to the penetration material described in this paper.Can consider that also penetration material is the potpourri of various materials, for example, mineral oil and paraffin.
Claims (8)
- One handle a tissue samples method, it comprises following all steps:The tissue samples of preparing infiltration is put in the retort;Through tissue samples being exposed in the dehydrating solution, the tissue after fixing is dewatered;Penetration material is heated to the temperature between the 60-100 degree Celsius;Through the tissue in the retort is exposed in the penetration material, the tissue samples that dewatered is permeated;Wherein, The step of the tissue samples that permeating and dewatering is crossed realizes through following mode: before contact tissue, heat penetration material to the temperature between the 60-100 degree Celsius; And the pressure in the reduction retort; Make the temperature of heating be higher than the boiling temperature of dehydrating solution, so that the boiling of the dehydrating solution on the sample.
- 2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, penetration material does not mix with dehydrating solution basically mutually.
- 3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, retort is basically to atmospheric sealing.
- 4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the process of a plurality of treatment steps, the air pressure in the retort reduces.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the process of a plurality of treatment steps, the pressure in the retort remains below the level of atmospheric pressure, so that take out the dehydrating solution that seethes with excitement.
- 6. like any one the described method in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that penetration material is a solid paraffin.
- 7. like any one the described method in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that dehydrating solution comprises isopropyl alcohol.
- 8. a tissue processor is used for carrying out like any one described method in the claim 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPR8021A AUPR802101A0 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2001-10-01 | Histological tissue specimen treatment |
| AUPR8021 | 2001-10-01 | ||
| AUPR8023 | 2001-10-01 | ||
| AUPR8023A AUPR802301A0 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2001-10-01 | Improved process for preparing tissue for histological examination |
| AU2002952417A AU2002952417A0 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2002-09-27 | Histological tissue specimen treatment |
| AU2002952417 | 2002-09-27 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02822789.1A Division CN100473990C (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-10-01 | tissue processor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101373172A CN101373172A (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| CN101373172B true CN101373172B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
Family
ID=3831853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810142948 Expired - Lifetime CN101373172B (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2002-10-01 | Histological tissue specimen treatment |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101373172B (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPR802301A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102162776A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-08-24 | 常州市中威电子仪器有限公司 | Paraffin switching valve for tissue dehydrator |
| CN106018040B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-07-26 | 杨静 | Pathological tissue dehydrating device |
| CN106501065A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 达科为（深圳）医疗设备有限公司 | Intelligent tissue dehydration system |
| US20230266210A1 (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2023-08-24 | Leica Biosystems Nussloch Gmbh | Tissue processor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1536422A (en) * | 1976-03-30 | 1978-12-20 | Shandon Southern Prod Ltd | Tissue processing |
| CN2070448U (en) * | 1989-08-20 | 1991-01-30 | 桑露 | Organization processor |
-
2001
- 2001-10-01 AU AUPR8023A patent/AUPR802301A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-10-01 CN CN 200810142948 patent/CN101373172B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1536422A (en) * | 1976-03-30 | 1978-12-20 | Shandon Southern Prod Ltd | Tissue processing |
| CN2070448U (en) * | 1989-08-20 | 1991-01-30 | 桑露 | Organization processor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AUPR802301A0 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
| CN101373172A (en) | 2009-02-25 |
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