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CN1011377B - Method and device for dividing plant material - Google Patents

Method and device for dividing plant material

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Publication number
CN1011377B
CN1011377B CN86103942A CN86103942A CN1011377B CN 1011377 B CN1011377 B CN 1011377B CN 86103942 A CN86103942 A CN 86103942A CN 86103942 A CN86103942 A CN 86103942A CN 1011377 B CN1011377 B CN 1011377B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
plant
vegetable material
coordinate
picture intelligence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CN86103942A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN86103942A (en
Inventor
戴维·诺曼·舍恩斯坦
布赖恩·乔戴恩·约翰逊
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Commonwealth Industrial Gases Ltd
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Commonwealth Industrial Gases Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commonwealth Industrial Gases Ltd filed Critical Commonwealth Industrial Gases Ltd
Publication of CN86103942A publication Critical patent/CN86103942A/en
Publication of CN1011377B publication Critical patent/CN1011377B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H4/00Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
    • A01H4/003Cutting apparatus specially adapted for tissue culture

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus for optically detecting the structure of plant material and dividing it features that a camera is used to scan the plant material, and the image signals are used to display the two-tone image of plant material in two-dimensional pixel array mode. The image signal is processed by systematically determining the hue assigned to each pixel in the array and the plant coordinates of the displayed pixels are recorded in a database to form a coordinate map of the plant material. Selected plant features can be identified and the coordinates corresponding to these features used to determine the segmentation points. The micro-electronic computer drives the cutting machine to cut out a selected amount of plant material according to a predetermined program.

Description

Method and apparatus for dividing plant material
The present invention relates to the improvement to microreproduction technology, in more detail, it is a kind of method and apparatus of dividing plant material.
The benefit of plant micropropagation is well-known:
1. it provides a kind of controlling plant disease, thereby improves the both convenient and effective method of plant quality.And the release disease, this point becoming resemble to the Middle East promising export market of this class applied at the sign that becomes more and more important aspect the quarantine request.
2. the micropropagation of plant, it can provide a kind of method of fast breeding.Except conduct reached remarkable this ubiquity meaning of means that increases of quantity, it was returned people and brings some other special benefit.For the production of the commercial numbers of new varieties, can be by manual micropropagation, approximately only the needization expense just can reach with the conventional method required time half.Even be easy to the species of breeding like this by slitting for resembling liane, and can provide convenience for increasing large quantities of new varieties apace, also be very important.
3. micro-propagation technique, it makes and utilizes the space to become possibility more prolifically.The cultivation again of plant helps to obtain for the gratifying high usage of lab space.Also impel people to utilize the space of greenhouse and plant " adaptability exercise " better.On the market of seasonal supply, although number needs to increase, because the quick breeding of kind just needn't leave idle place in the storehouse midium or long term.Under the condition that temperature, periodicity of illumination and nutrient balance are controlled, can continue in any time in 1 year to operate.Cultivate storage, perhaps temperature is reduced, all can be used to slow down the growth rate of plant, provide the high yield that adapts on the time so that adapt to seasonal needs.
Micro-propagation technique is applied to the correlation that species are improved to be needed to discern between vegetable material, medium and the breeding condition three.Having designed the successful species scope that standardized micropropagation job step was suitable for promptly increases along with the continuous growth of the potential field in the commercialization application.Setting foot in the Australian of micropropagation work and the number of other some foreign nursery stock culturists has increased in nearest 6 years greatly.The main path of having adopted has two: at first being that laboratory and existing nursery is integrated, is that this nursery is expanded widely subsequently; Also can only set up the laboratory, and the plant in will cultivating is sold to other nursery.Though begin slowlyer, the demand for the nursery of micropropagation plant and grower is just promptly increasing afterwards.
The operating sequence of carrying out micropropagation by organ culture can be summarized as follows:
1. initial incubation.Take off spray from selected plant, carry out surface sterilization, be put into thereafter in the medium of sterilization.
2. the bud on these sprays can continued growth, so it is cultivated in the proliferated culture medium (SM) at spray again.
3. spray is promptly grown in the spray proliferated culture medium, and a large amount of clone sprays is provided.For the quantity that increases spray and to keep strain constant, to cultivate again in fresh spray propagation base every 3 to 4 all sprays.
4. cultivate at petri diss or similarly during the root media (RM) in the container when the sample of spray, root obtains growing again.
Plant is is normally loaded and transported in laminate container.The plant recipient shifts out plant under the situation of bacterium of not going out from container, and carries out " adaptive training " at external condition in the very high environment of humidity.
Cultivate again normally and to transplant indoor carrying out.Indoor in transplanting, use sterile tweezers that spray is shifted out from container, use sterile scalpel that they are cut apart, all be to be divided into cluster bunch little spray or single spray very roughly usually, be put into then in the fresh medium.The stripping and slicing of the meristematic cell that does not comprise sufficiently complete that is partitioned into will poor growth or is not grown fully.The plant that comprises or do not comprise noble cells completely hardly will can regeneration " typically " or clonal plant.
In this operation process, maximum cost is that spray is cultivated the work of changing expense the another kind of medium again from a kind of medium.The expense of Pei Yanging is at least three times of the required expense of all other operation process again.Its reason can describe with the cultivation again of arbor.For the skilled person, finishing 5,000 culture transferring operations every day, here all is very high index.No matter these operations are in macroscopic view or all are subjected to the restriction of identical productivity ratio in the microcosmic scopes.In addition, in many laboratories, the control of germ-free condition is incomplete, just may be very big to such an extent as to pollute loss.The purification of container for plants, outfit, control and slitting store with adaptability exercise place between transfer and its culture transferring exercised base to adaptability, these operations all are labor intensive power.
Thereby, the ability that at present Australian and external nursery stock cultivation industry is satisfied for the demand of micropropagation plant is subjected to making the cost of slitting process by hand in the micropropagation process, and even by the very big restriction of the most skilled operating personnel at the maximum operation amount every day that does not have just can finish under the situation of adverse effect.
So, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus of dividing plant material.It will overcome above unfavorable factor, and this unfavorable situation is improved.
Therefore, in one aspect, the present invention includes a kind of structure law, can detect the method that the vegetable material of its structure is cut apart with optical instrument having according to vegetable material, the step of this method is: vegetable material is scanned, so that produce the picture intelligence of the above-mentioned plant structure of representative; According to above-mentioned plant structure rule, from picture intelligence, determine the segmentaion position of vegetable material, and produce the splitting signal of an above-mentioned segmentaion position of indication.
As a kind of optimal selection, the step that this method further comprises is: picture intelligence is handled, so that show the coordinate diagram of above-mentioned plant structure; To discerning, and from above-mentioned coordinate, determine above-mentioned segmentaion position corresponding to selected feature with the corresponding coordinate of selected feature of said structure.
Picture intelligence is the duotone image that shows vegetable material in the mode of two-dimensional pixel array, gives each pixel background tone or plant tone simultaneously.By determining to give in the array tone of each pixel systemicly, and the coordinate of record plant tone carries out the processing of picture intelligence so that form coordinate diagram.With selecting feature for example branch and the corresponding coordinate of minor matters, be by determining that those adjacent pixels of examining and determine previously are that display background or plant are differentiated.
According to method set forth above, systematically determining to give each visual tone is to carry out in order on each direction of two different directions, and the coordinate by the selected feature that identifies on each direction is averaged.With such method, can examine or check out branch, otherwise may be difficult to identification because branch has departed from the direction that pixel is scanned.
In a preferred method, when branch be by minimum be 20 pixels when constituting, branch just can be identified.So just can prevent from minimum cluster branch or the incoherent material of a fritter are identified as a branch, thereby under most of angiospermous situations, guarantee from plant, one after the other each stripping and slicing to be divided into and have meristematic cell and noble cells completely concurrently.
On the other hand, the present invention includes a kind of architectural feature according to vegetable material, can detect the device that the vegetable material of its structure is cut apart with optical instrument to having, this device comprises: be used for vegetable material is scanned, and can produce the image signal generator of representing the plant structure signal; From picture intelligence, determine segmentaion position according to the said structure rule, and produce the signal handling equipment of the splitting signal of the above-mentioned segmentaion position of indication; And the cutting equipment that the above-mentioned splitting signal of the dividing plant material on above-mentioned position is produced response.
As a kind of optimal selection, this signal handling equipment can show the coordinate diagram of plant structure from above-mentioned picture intelligence, and can identify the corresponding coordinate of selected feature with plant structure.
In optimum implementation, this picture intelligence is produced by charge-coupled image sensor, and this charge-coupled image sensor is with the signal handling equipment interfaces of band microelectronic computer.
Described cutting equipment is on preferably a kind of movably automatics carriage that is contained in vegetable material top, the cutter optionally operated.This cutter can be circle, so that can cut out the vegetable material of selected quantity when starting at every turn.
Now, a kind of embodiment of the present invention is only described with reference to accompanying drawing by way of example.Wherein:
Fig. 1 represents the perspective view of device of the present invention;
Fig. 2, the flow chart of the downward scanning imaging system in the device shown in Figure 1 is used in expression;
Fig. 3, the flow chart of the pixel handling procedure of the part of expression formation flow process shown in Figure 2.
Consult Fig. 1, device of the present invention comprises a charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera 11 that constitutes image signal generator.This charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera 11 is Thomson-CSF charge-coupled image sensor gamma cameras that have RS170 standard type video interface.Charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera 11 links to each other with Olivetti M24 microcomputer 16 through video capture plate (the Video capture board) 15 of Chorus data system series 1000.Representative is placed on plant 12 structures on the continuous conveyor 13, can be captured by video capture plate 15 through the signal that 11 scannings of charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera obtain, and before the main storage that is input to microcomputer 16, this signal just has been digitized.The background that plant is contrasted contrastive colours scans, and the scanning of 11 pairs of plants 12 of charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera is by microcomputer 16 controls.So, start the single image that charge-coupled image sensor gamma camera 11 just provides plant 12.
What be stored in digitized signal representative in the microcomputer 16 is duotone image by the plant of two-dimensional pixel array (horizontal direction is 640 pixels, and vertical direction is 400 pixels).Give the tone of each pixel, make they or road background correspondence, or with the plant correspondence.Digitized picture intelligence is to handle to constitute coordinate diagram in database by the tone of determining to give in the array each pixel systemicly and with the coordinate record of plant tone.
In addition, the coordinate corresponding with the branch of plant and minor matters (intersection of branch) can be identified, and deposits database in.The systematicness of each pixel is handled and will be carried out twice in the array, once is to use downward scanning imaging system, once is to use scanning imaging system upwards.Scanning imaging system is successively pixel to be handled on different directions with the scanning imaging system that makes progress downwards.And, to averaging of obtaining by each scanning imaging system with branch and the corresponding coordinate of minor matters.
Fig. 2 represents the flow chart of downward scanning imaging system, and the processing of image is from the upper left corner, and a pixel is undertaken by a pixel ground, and delegation handles from top to bottom by delegation ground.Upwards the scanning imaging system (not shown) is actually identical, and only the processing of each pixel is that delegation carries out with being close to delegation from bottom to top.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of pixel handling procedure, and this program is the subprogram of downward scanning imaging system.In this pixel handling procedure, the first step is that acclivitous branch is carried out reverse scan, why require like this is because the recognition technology of used identical branch is based on definite in the pixel handling procedure: by the chitin on the left side of processed pixel, upper left pixel and directly the top the pixel representative be background or branch.Therefore, the branch that tilts to the upper left side, direct till the pixel above the processed pixel is to represent plant up to finding out, just begin to be identified as shoot.Once determining that like this implementing reverse scan so that mark the plant pixel that directly is in the left side again is on same branch with the plant pixel that is in the direct top of processed pixel that has been identified.
As can see from Figure 3, for haveing the knack of the person skilled in art, remaining each step is conspicuous in the program.
Device of the present invention also comprises the cutting equipment that can be occurred by the form with cutting mechanics 17 that microcomputer 16 is handled, and utilizes this cutting equipment at the definite position that will cut plant 12 to be cut.This cutting mechanics 17 has the tubulose cutter 18 of a circular cross-section, and it is installed on the reciprocating electromagnetism coil 19.18 pairs of plants 12 of mobile cutter are cut the selectivity driving of leaning on solenoid 19 under the control of microcomputer 16 and carry out.Solenoid 19 is contained on the framework 20, so that can be driven by two stepper motors 21 it is moved above plant 12.Stepper motor 21 is to be operated separately by two dimension signals of indication cutting part, and these dimension signals are produced by microcomputer 16, all allow solenoid 19 move on two mutually perpendicular directions at every turn.So, cutter 18 just can move to any position in the cutting planes that stroke limited by framework 20.Cutter 18 are to be determined by the number of the storage of the driving pulse of microcomputer 16 by being defeated by stepper motor 21 and direction in the position of each moment.Sensor 22 is to be used for the cutter location and the actual cutter location that calculate are made periodically to proofread and correct usefulness.
Under cutting mechanics 17 plants 12 to will definitely being undertaken by the reference bore on the continuous conveyor 13 14, and plant 12 just is placed on this conveyer belt 13.
By the cutting part that microcomputer 16 is determined, be the center of minor matters, and to be one apart from branch 4 millimeters point.The diameter of cutting knife is 5 millimeters, and is positioned at the center of above-mentioned cutting part, so that cut out the vegetable material of selected quantity when moving at every turn.Under most of angiospermous situations, can guarantee that so divided plant contains enough meristematic cells and noble cells, to guarantee the monomer clonal reproduction.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of structure law according to vegetable material, can detect the method that the vegetable material of its structure is cut apart with optical instrument to having, it is characterized in that the step of described method is: vegetable material is scanned, so that produce the picture intelligence of the above-mentioned plant structure of representative; From picture intelligence, determine the segmentaion position of vegetable material according to above-mentioned plant structure rule, and produce the splitting signal of an above-mentioned segmentaion position of indication.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the step that this method also further comprises is: picture intelligence is handled, so that show the coordinate diagram of above-mentioned plant structure; To discerning, and from above-mentioned coordinate, determine above-mentioned partitioning portion corresponding to selected feature with the corresponding coordinate of selected feature of said structure.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, above-mentioned picture intelligence is the duotone image that shows vegetable material in the mode of two-dimensional pixel array, gives each pixel background tone or plant tone simultaneously.
4, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, picture intelligence is to handle so that form above-mentioned coordinate diagram by the coordinate of the tone of determining to give in the above-mentioned array each pixel and record plant tone systemicly.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, with the corresponding coordinate of selected feature of said structure, is by determining that those adjacent pixels of examining and determine previously are that display background or plant discern.
6, method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the tone of systematically determining to give each pixel is to carry out in order on each direction of two different directions, and the coordinate by the above-mentioned selected feature that identifies on each direction is averaged.
As the described method of each claim in the claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that 7, the said structure feature is meant the branch and the minor matters (junction of branch) of vegetable material.
8, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the branch of above-mentioned vegetable material be by selected minimum be that 20 pixels constitute so that branch can be identified.
9, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, above-mentioned segmentaion position is the center of minor matters, and to be one be the point of 4mm apart from branch.
10, a kind of architectural feature according to vegetable material, can detect the device that the vegetable material of its structure is cut apart with optical instrument to having, it is characterized in that described device comprises: be used for vegetable material is scanned, and can produce the image signal generator of representing the plant structure signal; From picture intelligence, determine segmentaion position according to the said structure rule, and produce the treatment facility of the splitting signal of the above-mentioned segmentaion position of indication; And the cutting equipment that the above-mentioned splitting signal of the dividing plant material on above-mentioned position is produced response.
11, device as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned signal handling equipment is to show the coordinate diagram of plant structure according to above-mentioned picture intelligence, and can identify and the selected corresponding coordinate of architectural feature, thereby determines the treatment facility of segmentaion position.
12, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, above-mentioned signal handling equipment also comprises a database, be used for storing above-mentioned coordinate diagram and with the corresponding above-mentioned coordinate of selected feature.
13, as the described device of each claim in the claim 10 to 12, it is characterized in that above-mentioned picture intelligence is produced by charge-coupled image sensor.
14, device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, above-mentioned charge-coupled image sensor is the signal handling equipment interfaces with the band microcomputer.
As the described device of each claim in the claim 10 to 12, it is characterized in that 15, this vegetable material is that the background of contrast contrastive colours scans.
16, as the described device of each claim in the claim 10 to 12, it is characterized in that above-mentioned cutting equipment comprises the cutter of available property operation, cutter are mounted to and can move above vegetable material.
17, device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, cutter are circular, so that can cut out the vegetable material of selected quantity when starting at every turn.
CN86103942A 1985-05-15 1986-05-15 Method and device for dividing plant material Expired CN1011377B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPH00569 1985-05-15
AUPH056985 1985-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN86103942A CN86103942A (en) 1987-06-10
CN1011377B true CN1011377B (en) 1991-01-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN86103942A Expired CN1011377B (en) 1985-05-15 1986-05-15 Method and device for dividing plant material

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EP (1) EP0222836A4 (en)
JP (1) JPS62502840A (en)
CN (1) CN1011377B (en)
BR (1) BR8606674A (en)
NZ (1) NZ216187A (en)
WO (1) WO1986006576A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA863613B (en)

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GB2207926A (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-02-15 Albright & Wilson Plant propagation
JPH02295418A (en) * 1989-05-09 1990-12-06 Iseki & Co Ltd Automatic extraction and implantation apparatus for explant in tissue culture
JPH0716341B2 (en) * 1990-02-02 1995-03-01 株式会社東芝 Seedling split transplanter
NL194111C (en) * 1990-04-05 2001-07-03 Visser S Gravendeel Holding Method for laterally gripping plant root balls.
GB9012708D0 (en) * 1990-06-07 1990-08-01 British Res Agricult Eng Cutting apparatus and methods relating to micropropagation
GB9014387D0 (en) * 1990-06-28 1990-08-22 British Res Agricult Eng Method and apparatus relating to micropropagation
GB9016443D0 (en) * 1990-07-26 1990-09-12 British Res Agricult Eng Methods and apparatus relating to micropropagation
EP0500886B1 (en) * 1990-09-07 1995-11-15 Forbio Limited Automatic plant dividing system
WO1992013443A1 (en) * 1991-02-01 1992-08-20 Plant Production Systems B.V. A method for use in a multiplication process of plants and a device for carrying out said method
EP1967062A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-10 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO Method and system for removing undesired plant parts
GB0914186D0 (en) * 2009-08-13 2009-09-16 Syngenta Ltd Sensing method and apparatus
CN103025162A (en) 2010-06-09 2013-04-03 巴斯夫欧洲公司 Method for cultivating sugar cane
PE20141523A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2014-11-08 Basf Se METHOD TO CULTIVATE SUGAR CANA
MX2014013003A (en) 2012-04-26 2015-09-16 Basf Se Method and system for extracting buds from a stalk of a graminaceous plant.
US20150082695A1 (en) 2012-04-26 2015-03-26 Basf Se Method and system for extracting buds from a stalk of a graminaceous plant
CN103171927B (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-09-30 苏州吉视电子科技有限公司 A kind of carpet automatic cutting device and method adopting real time machine vision technology
WO2015128163A1 (en) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Basf Se Method for detecting a node and/or a bud from a stalk of a graminaceous plant
CN114051928B (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-06-20 兰州理工大学 A method and device for laser cutting virus-free seedling stems based on machine vision

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IL69333A (en) * 1983-07-26 1986-04-29 Biolog Ind Process for plant tissue culture propagation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN86103942A (en) 1987-06-10
NZ216187A (en) 1989-08-29
WO1986006576A1 (en) 1986-11-20
EP0222836A1 (en) 1987-05-27
JPS62502840A (en) 1987-11-12
ZA863613B (en) 1987-01-28
BR8606674A (en) 1987-08-11
EP0222836A4 (en) 1988-04-27

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