CN101105555A - Fiber-integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber-integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种集成于一根光纤中的马赫曾德干涉仪及其制造方法，它是由两边各一段单芯光纤和中间一段双芯光纤熔接拉锥后形成的，它包括单模单芯输入光纤1、分光锥形耦合区2、单模双芯光纤3、合光锥形耦合区4和单模单芯输出光纤5，单模单芯输入光纤1、单模单芯输出光纤5和单模双芯光纤3通过分光锥形耦合区2和合光锥形耦合区4连接。本发明优点在于：具有极大的稳定性，避免了各个可动部件之间由于装配、固定和调整带来的变化和不一致；缩小了干涉仪的体积，使得系统更简化紧凑；由于处于双芯光纤中的两干涉臂的光程差很小，因而对光源的相干性要求不高；能够实现两臂光程的自动补偿。
The invention discloses a Mach-Zehnder interferometer integrated in an optical fiber and a manufacturing method thereof. It is formed by fusing a section of single-core optical fiber on both sides and a section of double-core optical fiber in the middle and splicing them together. Core input fiber 1, light splitting tapered coupling area 2, single-mode dual-core fiber 3, light combining tapered coupling area 4 and single-mode single-core output fiber 5, single-mode single-core input fiber 1, single-mode single-core output fiber 5 It is connected with the single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 through the light-splitting tapered coupling region 2 and the light-combining tapered coupling region 4 . The advantages of the present invention are: it has great stability, and avoids the changes and inconsistencies caused by assembly, fixation and adjustment among the movable parts; it reduces the volume of the interferometer, making the system more simplified and compact; The optical path difference between the two interference arms in the optical fiber is very small, so the coherence of the light source is not highly required; automatic compensation of the optical path of the two arms can be realized.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Mach Ceng De (Mach-Zehnder) interferometer and manufacture method thereof that is integrated into simple optical fiber, belong to the optical fiber technology field.
(2) background technology
Common optical fiber mach Zehnder interferometer is independent separately by two and fiber optic interferometric arm that separate constitutes.For example, the T.R. Christian Breton, peace in the C.V. gram, S. Da Liaotisi, the graceful base of a fruit of M.C., the application for a patent for invention of D.W. Si holder " is used optical fiber mach---the plan grace interferometer of compact bend " and (is authorized publication number: CN 1279395A) January 10 calendar year 2001.In this interferometer, the light that light source sends through 3dB 2 * 2 fiber couplers after, be divided into two bundles, be coupled to two respectively independently in the fiber arm, after passing through another 3dB 2 * 2 fiber couplers again, realize to interfere in fiber coupler, this interference light signal is converted into electric signal after by the opto-electronic conversion detector and is exaggerated, thereby realizes the detection of interference light signal.
The above-mentioned interference instrument is widely used in optical fiber communication and the sensory field of optic fibre.Yet under the situation that interferometer is had higher mechanical stability and temperature stability require, the optical fiber mach Zehnder interferometer of being made up of the discrete optical texture is difficult to satisfy such demand.
(3) summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of great temperature stability that has, less demanding to the coherence of light source, the while can be realized the fiber integrated type Mach-Zehnder interferometer of the automatic compensation of two arm light paths.
Product structure of the present invention is: it draws the awl back to form by each one section single-core fiber of both sides and middle one section twin-core fiber welding, it comprises single mode list core input optical fibre 1, beam split taper coupled zone 2, single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3, closes light cone shape coupled zone 4 and single mode list core output optical fibre 5, single mode list core input optical fibre 1, single mode list core output optical fibre 5 and single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 by beam split taper coupled zone 2 with close light cone shape coupled zone 4 and be connected.
Another object of the present invention is the manufacture method that discloses a kind of operating process advantages of simple, can realize the fiber integrated type Mach-Zehnder interferometer of product of the present invention.
Concrete manufacture method of the present invention is:
1, get two sections common standard single mode single-core fibers and one section single-mode dual-core optical fiber, the length of single-mode dual-core optical fiber is two length of interfering arm of fiber integrated type Mach-Zehnder interferometer of made;
2, two ends and the common standard single-mode fiber with this single-mode dual-core optical fiber directly fuses, and implements fused biconical taper at single core single-mode fiber and the heating of single-mode dual-core optical fiber solder joint place;
3, two fiber fuses draw wimble fraction stopping after the stretching packaging protection being carried out in the cone coupled zone.
Manufacture method of the present invention also has some technical characterictics like this:
1, described enforcement single mode list core input optical fibre 1 fuses with single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 and draws in the awl process, light source places a side of single mode list core input optical fibre 1, side at single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 then adopts the combination of short focus lens and CCD photo-detector to realize the imaging of twin-core fiber on the CCD test surface, realizes two core light power of twin-core fiber are monitored; When detecting the light of light source by single mode single-core fiber transmission to the CCD photodetector, the drawing-down of cone waist can stop stretching during to two fiber cores of single-mode dual-core optical fiber by cone and with its pre-provisioning request proportional distribution;
2, described enforcement single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 welds with single mode list core output optical fibre 5 and carries out in the fused biconical taper process, light source places single mode list core input optical fibre 1 one sides, the light signal of single mode list core output optical fibre 5 outputs is directly monitored by light power meter, solder joint place with single mode list core output optical fibre 5 implements to draw in the awl process at single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3, with the drawing-down of optical fiber cone waist till the light signal that light power meter detected no longer increases; ,
3, described packaging protection is included in beam split taper coupled zone 2 and closes 4 outsides, light cone shape coupled zone the quartz socket tube that packaging protection is used has been installed.
The present invention is integrated in two coherent optics arms of common optical fiber mach Zehnder interferometer in the simple optical fiber, and its major technique feature just is the light source input of this fibre optic interferometer and light signal output is total to light path part and two interference arms all are integrated in the optical fiber.The present invention is achieved in that in conjunction with Fig. 2 the light beam that light source 6 sends is gone in the single mode list core input optical fibre 1, and this light beam is divided into two bundles after through taper beam split coupled zone 2, is coupled to two of single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 respectively separately independently in the fibre core.This two-beam interferes through after closing light cone shape coupled zone 4, converges to by in the single mode list core output optical fibre 5, becomes a branch of light that comprises interference signal, and this light beam is through carrying out the photosignal conversion at photo-detector 8.When detecting the light of light source by single mode single-core fiber transmission to the CCD photodetector, the drawing-down of cone waist can stop stretching during to two fiber cores of single-mode dual-core optical fiber among the present invention by cone and with its pre-provisioning request proportional distribution, wherein pre-provisioning request ratio can be desired arbitrary proportion, can be for 1: 1 ratio during such as uniform distribution etc.
Compare with common optical fiber mach Zehnder interferometer, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the interferometer that is integrated into an optical fiber has great stability, has avoided between each movable member because assembling, fixing and adjust the variation that brings and inconsistent;
2. because beam split, splicer micro are integrated in the optical fiber, dwindled the volume of interferometer greatly, compactness is more simplified by the system that makes;
3. interfere the optical path difference of arms very little owing to two that are in the twin-core fiber, thus less demanding to the coherence of light source;
4. interfere arm owing to be in the same optical fiber for two, the influence that environment temperature causes is approximate identical, thereby can realize the automatic compensation of two arm light paths.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the practical structures synoptic diagram in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer use of simple optical fiber;
Fig. 3 for the present invention in implementation process, the stretch process synoptic diagram of time power division condition monitoring of beam split light cone coupling;
Fig. 4 for the present invention in implementation process, close the process synoptic diagram of light light cone coupling optical transmission general power monitoring when stretching;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
(5) embodiment
Provide specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment comprises single mode list core input optical fibre 1, beam split taper coupled zone 2, single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3, closes light cone shape coupled zone 4 and single mode list core output optical fibre 5, single mode list core input optical fibre 1, single mode list core output optical fibre 5 and single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 by beam split taper coupled zone 2 with close light cone shape coupled zone 4 and be connected.
In conjunction with Fig. 3, in the process of implementing fiber integrated type Mach-Zehnder interferometer, at first to construct the monochromatic light road and the double light path of light wave by single mode single-core fiber 1 and being connected of one section single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3, then by implement to draw awl to realize of coupling and the beam split of monochromatic light road at the solder joint place to double light path.Fuse with single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 and draw in the awl process implementing single mode list core input optical fibre 1, light source 6 places single mode list core input optical fibre 1 one sides, side at single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 then adopts the combination of short focus lens 9 and CCD photo-detector 10 to realize the imaging of twin-core fiber on the CCD test surface, and then realizes two core light power of twin-core fiber are monitored.Stop to stretch when the light of light source by single mode single-core fiber transmission can be evenly distributed to two fiber cores of twin-core fiber by cone and with it when the drawing-down of cone waist detects to CCD photodetector 10, present embodiment adopts 1: 1 ratio.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, weld with single mode list core output optical fibre 5 and carry out in the fused biconical taper process implementing single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3, light source 6 places single mode list core input optical fibre 1 one sides, the light signal of single mode list core output optical fibre 5 outputs is directly monitored by light power meter 11, when single-mode dual-core optical fiber 3 draws awl with the solder joint place of single mode list core output optical fibre 5, with the drawing-down of optical fiber cone waist till the light signal that light power meter 11 is detected no longer increases.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, after finishing above-mentioned welding and drawing awl coupling step, need install quartz socket tube 7 additional to the cone coupling, carry out packaging protection, just form two coherent optics arms and be integrated in fiber micro integrated-type Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the simple optical fiber.
By above-mentioned specific implementation process as can be seen, the present invention has avoided between each movable member because assembling, fixing and adjust the variation that brings and inconsistent; Dwindled the volume of interferometer, compactness is more simplified by the system that makes; Coherence to light source is less demanding; Can realize that temperature causes two automatic compensation of interfering the arm change in optical path length.
Claims (6)
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| CN101846492A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2010-09-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Interferometer combined by double F-P chambers and Mach-Zehnder |
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| CN113639773A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-12 | 南京理工大学 | An All-Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on Asymmetric Fiber Taper |
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