CN100534371C - Liquid aspirator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid aspirator, in particular for solid-containing liquids such as sludge, has a container (13) into which liquid can be aspirated by means of an aspiration motor (3, 4) through an aspiration connection (15) and out of which the liquid can flow through an outlet (7). According to the present invention, the liquid aspirator is configured to allow the container (13) to have at least two separate chambers (1, 2) and a control unit that alternatively fills one chamber (1, 2) with liquid while the other chamber (2, 1) is emptied. The chambers (1, 2) can be closed from the aspiration side of the aspiration engine (3, 4) by main valves which are preferably mechanically interconnected.

Description

liquid aspirator

technical field

The invention relates to a liquid suction device for suctioning or transporting liquids, in particular solids-containing liquids such as sludge.

Background technique

Known from DE 102 40 804 A1 is a liquid aspirator according to the preamble of claim 1. It has a container in which negative pressure is created by a suction motor. The liquid or sludge is sucked into the container via the suction connection by negative pressure, and, after the container is full and the motor is switched off, the liquid or sludge can be drained out of the container again via an outlet and an emptying part, usually in the form of a hose. Navigate to the required location.

This type of sludge suction works reliably because the motor is separated from the liquid or sludge to be moved by the container, which prevents the motor from being damaged by accompanying solids. However, after each filling process of the container there must be a suction break during which the container is emptied again. The suction of liquids or sludges is therefore time-consuming.

Contents of the invention

The object of the invention is to create a liquid aspirator which is improved in this respect.

To this end, the invention provides a liquid aspirator comprising a container into which liquid can be sucked by means of a suction motor through a suction connection and from which liquid can be discharged through an outlet, characterized in that : The container has at least two separate material receiving chambers and a control device, the material receiving chambers can be sealed respectively by the main valve with respect to the suction side of the suction motor, and one of the receiving chambers is controlled alternately by the control device The feed chamber is filled with liquid, during which time the other receiving chamber is emptied.

According to the invention, by designing the container of the liquid suction device to have at least two separate receiving chambers and providing a control device, and the control device implements alternately filling and emptying the receiving chamber with liquid, it can be carried out continuously Suction process for liquids or sludges, since liquid can always be drawn into one of the receiving chambers, while the other receiving chamber is just being emptied and thus provides a place for refilling.

Preferably, the liquid suction device according to the invention works with two receiving chambers. A separate electric motor can be assigned to each receiving chamber, in which case the control device can be designed simply in such a way that it switches the electric motor on and off alternately. Therefore, the liquid flows out under its own weight from the cavity whose motor is just switched off, while the liquid is drawn into the other receiving cavity by another switched-on motor.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, only one suction motor is provided and the circuit is designed such that the suction side of the motor is alternately connected to different receiving chambers, so that the receiving chambers are also filled and emptied alternately. Thus, the suction motor can run continuously and thus be more efficient. The liquid is sucked into the material receiving cavity which is just connected to the suction side of the suction motor, and the other material receiving cavity is not in a negative pressure state during this period, so the liquid there can be discharged under its own weight. Once this receiving chamber is completely or substantially emptied, the process is reversed and that chamber which was emptied at first is connected to the suction chamber of the suction motor for corresponding refilling.

The suction motor can be designed as desired, for example as a blower or as a vacuum pump.

The control device can be designed as an electronic control device or as a time control device. However, it is preferably designed as a mechanical control or switch, since this enables lower maintenance requirements and reduces the sensitivity to external influences and possible misuse, for example of aspirator valves.

Description of drawings

Further advantages and details of the invention are given by the exemplary embodiments according to the invention shown in the drawings, which are described below, wherein:

Figure 1 has a sectional view of a liquid aspirator with two electric motors;

Fig. 2 another kind of implementation form appearance diagram that has a motor;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the aspirator in Fig. 2 along direction III-III;

Figure 4 is a sectional view through the aspirator in Figure 2 along direction IV-IV;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the aspirator in Figure 2 along the direction V-V;

Figures 6 to 11 Figure 3 shows the aspirator in different filling and emptying stages;

Figure 12 is a detailed cross-sectional view along direction XII-XII in Figure 5, but according to another embodiment;

Fig. 13 is according to the sectional detailed view of part XIII in Fig. 6, still according to another embodiment;

The aspirator shown in Figure 14 and Figure 13 is in another filling/emptying phase;

15 is a partial sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 through another embodiment of the sludge suction device of FIGS. 2 to 11; and

16 to 17 are sectional views of another single-motor embodiment of a liquid suction device according to the invention.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 schematically shows a liquid aspirator with two separate receiving chambers 1,2. An own suction motor 3,4 is provided for each material receiving chamber 1,2. A negative pressure can be created in the chambers 1, 2 by means of the suction motors 3, 4, whereby the liquid can be drawn into the receiving chamber 1, 2 via a suction connection not shown leading into the upper region of the receiving chamber 1, 2 2 within. If, for example, the receiving chamber 1 is filled to a predetermined height with liquid, the suction motor 3 is switched off. Under the self-weight effect of liquid, open a negative pressure valve 5 that closes material receiving chamber 1 at the downside, liquid flows out through outlet 7 and an unrepresented emptying member connected therewith, such as an outlet hose. The control device ensures that the material receiving chambers 1 and 2 are filled and emptied alternately, so that the liquid is continuously sucked and discharged through the outlet 7 . In the illustrated embodiment, the control takes place by means of floats 9 , 10 , which are held vertically movable in guide devices 11 , 12 . Due to their design on the upper side, the floats 9 , 10 simultaneously serve as valves, by means of which the receiving chambers 1 , 2 can be closed off with respect to the respective suction sides of the motors 3 , 4 , so that liquid cannot be sucked into the motors. The position of the floats 9 , 10 is signaled by signal sensors such as reed contacts or the like. When the floats 9, 10 have reached their upper end positions, the signal sensor sends a signal "cavity full" to the electronic control unit, which switches off the corresponding motor 3, 4 and switches on the other motor 4, 3. However, the electric motors 3, 4 can also be actuated mechanically by means of suitably arranged switches through the action of the floats 9, 10. A purely time-controlled electronic circuit of the electric motors 3 , 4 is also possible.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the liquid suction device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 2 to 11 . The external view in FIG. 2 shows the housing of the liquid aspirator with the container 13 and the cover 14 . The suction connection 15 extends into the container 13 .

Figure 3 shows a central section through the liquid aspirator. It has two material-receiving chambers 1, 2, and in the material-receiving chamber, a single suction motor 3 can be used to cause negative pressure through air holes 17, 18. Suction motor 3 continuously sucks air, and air holes 17,18 are opened or closed alternately by main valves 19,20, so negative pressure is only caused in one receiving chamber 1,2 all the time. This alternate opening and closing of the main valves 19 , 20 is ensured by coupling the main valves 19 , 20 , which are preferably designed mechanically with low disturbance sensitivity. If the liquid suction device has two receiving chambers 1 , 2 as in the embodiment shown, the main valves 19 , 20 can be connected in a particularly simple manner via an inherently rigid but rotatably mounted rocker 21 . The movement of the main valves 19 , 20 is introduced via the floats 9 , 10 held in guides 11 , 12 with high flexibility. If the float 9 is lifted to its highest possible position in the chamber 1 by means of the pumped liquid, as shown, it presses against the main valve 19 and thus opens the main valve 20 . The receiving chamber 1 is now no longer connected to the suction side of the suction motor 3 , so that a negative pressure no longer exists in the receiving chamber 1 . The negative pressure valve 5 is opened by the self-weight of the liquid that has accumulated in the material receiving chamber 1 and is now no longer compensated by the negative pressure, and the liquid can be discharged through the outlet 7 and the drain connected thereto, not shown in the figure, such as a hose. .

According to the illustrated embodiment, the emptying of the material receiving chamber 1, 2 is also connected to the air supply side or the pressure side of the suction motor 3 via the material receiving chamber 1, 2 via the secondary valves 23, 24 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 And get support. The secondary valves 23, 24 are controlled to always open the secondary valves 23, 24 assigned to the respective material receiving chambers 1, 2 when the main valves 19, 20 are closed. For example, in the position shown in Figures 3 and 4, in the material receiving chamber 1, when the liquid there is discharged, the air is blown by the suction motor 3 and the auxiliary valve 23 that is opened makes the air supply invade into the material receiving chamber 1 to form a process. Pressure, this overpressure accelerates the liquid to flow out from the negative pressure valve 5. The secondary valves 23 , 24 are preferably likewise coupled mechanically, preferably likewise via a rocker 25 .

FIG. 5 shows the principle behind the emptying, in which the suction motor 3 is not shown. The rocker 21 of the main valve 19 , 20 and the rocker 25 of the auxiliary valve 23 , 24 are rigidly connected via a common pivot axis 26 and can only be rotated together about this pivot axis 26 , and are thus mechanically coupled in a simple manner. . This ensures that the main valve 19 and the auxiliary valve 23 of the material receiving chamber 1 or the main valve 20 and the auxiliary valve 24 of the material receiving chamber 2 are alternately opened and closed respectively. Fig. 5 also shows that main valve 19,20 is connected on the slotted suction cavity 27 that is connected with suction motor 3 suction cavity, and auxiliary valve 23,24 is in a circular pressure cavity 28 that surrounds suction cavity 27 Inside, the pressure chamber is connected to the exhaust side of the suction motor 3 . The exhaust of the suction motor 3 need not be completely exported through the auxiliary valves 23, 24 and the material receiving chamber 1, 2, but can also be partially or completely directly discharged into the surrounding environment of the liquid aspirator as required.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment shown in detail in FIG. 12 , the air supply side of the suction motors 3 , 4 is connected to the receiving chamber 1 , 2 via the floats 9 , 10 and their guides 11 , 12 . This configuration is particularly advantageous if the float guide 11 , 12 is surrounded by a net, grid, knitted fabric, non-woven or similar filter element to prevent contamination of the float 9 , 10 and the main valve 19 , 20 . Said filters often become clogged with dirt particles, fine algae or the like over time and thus reduce the efficiency of the liquid suction device. By applying the air supply from the suction motors 3, 4 from inside the float guides 11, 12, a small pressure pulse is produced on the filter element every time the suction side is changed, which cleans the filter element of dirt particles and other dirt. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 12 , the pressure chamber 28 is connected to the supply side of the auxiliary valve 24 facing away from the suction motor 3 , 4 via a channel 42 connected to the upper side of the float 10 and thus to the inside of the float guide 12 . on that side of the The other side comprising the auxiliary valve 23 and the float 9 not shown in the figure is designed accordingly.

As can be seen from Figures 4 and 5, the material receiving chambers 1 and 2 are configured to be eccentrically inserted into each other in a particularly space-saving manner. The shape of the cylinder and basically have the same receiving volume.

The mode of operation of the liquid aspirator is described below with the aid of FIGS. 6 to 11: FIG. 6 shows that the main valve 20 of the material receiving chamber 2 has been opened. A negative pressure develops in the receiving chamber 2 , so that liquid, symbolically indicated by a blank arrow, is sucked into the receiving chamber 2 via the suction connection 15 and the open non-return valve 32 . In this case the float 10 moves upwards within its guide 12 as the liquid level rises. The guide device 12 is designed to penetrate in the lower region as shown, so that liquid can enter the guide device 12 . However, the guide device 12 is designed to be closed at the circumference in the upper region 12'. The float 10 has a seal 33 on its upper outer circumference. As soon as the upper region of the float 10 provided with the seal 33 is inserted into the upper closed region 12' of the guide device 12, in the upper region 12' of the guide device 12 which is now also closed on the underside by means of the suction motor 3 The suction effect forms a strong negative pressure, which makes the float 10 break free from the liquid surface upwards, hits the main valve 20 with its upper side which is basically the same shape as the main valve 20, and presses it upwards and closes rapidly, thus, through the main valve 19 and 20 open the main valve 19 of another receiving cavity 1 by means of the coupling of the rocker 21 . The situation at this moment is shown in FIG. 7 . In this embodiment, the special design of the guides 11, 12 with the upper closed areas 11', 12' and the seals 33 of the floats 9, 10 makes it possible to provide a sufficient mechanical impulse to close the previously closed main valve 19. (or in the opposite case the main valve 20 ) is opened against the negative pressure present in the suction chamber 27 caused by the suction motor 3 .

According to FIG. 8 , a negative pressure has already formed in the receiving chamber 1 , so that the negative pressure valve 5 is closed. Via the suction connection 15 and the non-return valve 31 assigned to the receiving chamber 1 , the liquid, now symbolized by a blank arrow, is sucked into the receiving chamber 1 . During this period, there is no negative pressure in the material receiving chamber 2 because the main valve 20 is closed. Therefore, the liquid opens the negative pressure valve 6 under the action of its own weight, and the liquid represented by the black arrow symbolically flows out from the outlet 7 .

Figures 9 and 10 show how to fill the receiving chamber 1 with liquid simultaneously with emptying the receiving chamber 2. In FIG. 11 the process is again reversed. Float 9 closes main valve 19 and opens main valve 20 . Check valve 31 and negative pressure valve 6 are closed. The liquid flows out from the receiving chamber 1 through the outlet 7 through the opened negative pressure valve 5 . Liquid is sucked into the receiving chamber 2 via the suction connection 30 and the open non-return valve 32 .

13 and 14 show a different embodiment than the design with two negative pressure valves 5 , 6 . As shown in the figure, a common negative pressure valve 56 is preferably provided instead of the above two negative pressure valves, which closes the receiving chambers 1 and 2 alternately. To this end, the receiving chambers 1 , 2 terminate on the underside in each outlet connection 45 , 46 , which are provided with stops 55 and 66 for the vacuum valve 56 at the edges of their circumference. A negative pressure valve is rotatably mounted between these stops 55 and 66 . It can preferably be designed in one piece as a single rubber-elastic part, where the pivot axis is formed, as shown, by a region 57 of reduced thickness. In FIG. 13 the negative pressure valve 56 closes the receiving chamber 2 and at the same time releases the receiving chamber 1 in the direction of the outlet 7 so that liquid can flow out there. If instead there is a negative pressure at the material receiving chamber 1, the negative pressure valve 56 turns to the position shown in Figure 14, in this case it closes the material receiving chamber 1 and releases the material receiving chamber 2 at the same time, so that through the outlet 7 Fluid that collects there flows out. Here, the gravity of the liquid collected in the material receiving chamber 2 and the negative pressure existing in the material receiving chamber 1 support each other, so the rotation of the negative pressure valve 56 for on/off alternately is performed very quickly. In contrast to the embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 11 , there is no interference of the valves 5 , 6 with one another in the event of a delayed movement.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 14 are designed for a particularly simple mechanical construction and an extremely low maintenance effort, and are designed to operate reliably at the same time as a continuously high suction power.

FIG. 15 shows a modified embodiment that likewise has only one suction motor 3 . In the embodiment according to Fig. 12, the control is realized from which material receiving chamber 1, 2 just extracts air by a lever mechanism having two control rods 35, 36, the control rods 35, 36 make the switching valve 37 rotate, by This connects the suction side of the suction motor 3 alternately to the receiving chamber 1 , 2 . Here, the main valve is formed by a switching valve 37 .

16 and 17 show a further embodiment of the single-motor liquid suction device according to the invention, wherein the control device for controlling which receiving chamber 1, 2 is just filled with liquid is formed by the container itself. To this end, the container 13 is mounted rotatably, specifically, preferably swung about a substantially horizontal axis 38 as shown. Each material receiving chamber 1,2 of the container 13 has an air suction hole 17,18 again, and through the rotation of the container 13, one of the air suction holes 17,18 is alternately connected with or separated from the suction side of the suction motor 3 . The sealing of the suction holes can be simplified if the suction holes 17 , 18 are at the same distance from the axis of rotation or swivel axis 38 , especially if the wall region of the container 13 there is designed to be curved in a circular arc. Here, as in the embodiment shown in the previous figures, the suction openings 17 , 18 together with the wall of the container 13 also form the main valve. In the embodiment of FIGS. 16 and 17 , the mechanical connection or coupling of the main valve is brought about by the rigid shape of the container 13 itself.

The rotation of the container 13 can be effected by means of an electric motor, in particular time-controlled. Preferably, however, the container 13 is divided into receiving chambers 1, 2 in such a way that while one receiving chamber 1, 2 is being filled with liquid and liquid is being drained from the other receiving chamber 2, 1, Shift the center of gravity. As a result, the container 13 is automatically swiveled into a position in which the other receiving chamber 2, 1 is released for filling and the one receiving chamber 1, 2 is emptied. The container 13 has, as shown, substantially the shape of a cylinder or a sphere lying flat and is divided into two receiving chambers 1, 2 with a substantially semicircular cross-section by means of a partition 40, whereby, in a particularly simple manner, way to achieve this distribution. Preferably, the suction holes 17 , 18 are arranged adjacently on both sides of the partition, and the outlets in the form of negative pressure valves 5 , 6 are also arranged at opposite ends on both sides of the partition 40 . In Fig. 16, the suction hole 17 is connected to the suction side of the suction motor 3, so the liquid is sucked into the receiving chamber 1 through a suction connection not shown in the figure. At the same time, another suction hole 18 of another material receiving chamber 2 communicates with the pressure side of the suction motor 3 or with ambient air, so the negative pressure valve 6 is opened under the gravity of the liquid in the material receiving chamber 2, and the liquid It can flow out from the receiving chamber 2. By gradually increasing the filling amount of the material receiving chamber 1 and emptying the material receiving chamber 2, the center of gravity in the container 13 is shifted, so that the container 13 automatically rotates counterclockwise around the rotation axis 38 from Figure 16 to Figure 17, thereby In FIG. 17 the liquid is drawn into the receiving chamber 2 and the liquid can flow out of the receiving chamber 1 .

Overall, the embodiment according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the liquid suction can be carried out continuously, so that, compared with conventional liquid suction devices, the suction speed is doubled with the same motor power. The liquid suction device according to the invention is preferably suitable as a sludge suction device for clearing garden ponds. However, they are also suitable, for example, for conveying other liquids, even if they contain a lot of solids and/or have a higher viscosity, such as building materials, such as mortar slag, mortar and the like.

Claims (30)

1. A liquid aspirator comprising a container (13), the liquid can be drawn into the container (13) by means of the suction motor (3,4) through the suction joint (15), and the liquid can be drawn from the The container (13) is discharged through an outlet (7), and it is characterized in that: the container (13) has at least two separate material receiving chambers (1, 2) and a control device, and the material receiving chamber (1, 2) 2) being able to be sealed against the suction side of the suction motors (3, 4) respectively via the main valves (19, 20), alternately filling a receiving chamber (1, 2) with liquid via said control device, During this time the other receiving chamber (2, 1) is emptied. 2. The liquid aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that, a suction motor (3, 4) is provided for each receiving cavity (1, 2), and the control device is switched on and off alternately Each suction motor (3, 4). 3. The liquid aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that one suction motor (3) is designed to alternately suck liquid into a plurality of material receiving chambers (1, 2) through a control device. 4. Liquid suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is designed as a mechanical control device. 5. The liquid aspirator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used for aspirating or transporting liquids containing solids. 6. Liquid suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main valves (19, 20) are coupled to each other in such a way that they open and close alternately. 7. Liquid suction device according to claim 6, characterized in that the main valves (19, 20) are mechanically connected to each other. 8. Liquid suction device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the main valve (19, 20) is coupled via a lever mechanism. 9. The liquid suction device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the lever mechanism pivots a switching valve (37) which makes the suction side of the suction motor (3) alternate with the receiving side. One of material cavity (1,2) is connected. 10. Liquid suction device according to claim 9, characterized in that the switching valve (37) forms the main valve. 11. According to one of claims 1 to 7, the liquid suction device is characterized in that: a float (9, 10) is fixed on a guide device (11) in each receiving chamber (1, 2) , 12) within. 12. Liquid aspirator according to claim 11, characterized in that the floats (9, 10) are arranged below the respective main valves (19, 20) in such a way that they are placed in the receiving chamber (1, 20). 2) When the rise of the internal liquid exceeds the specified level, the float (9, 10) is pressed against the main valve (19, 20) and it is closed. 13. Liquid suction device according to claim 11, characterized in that the guides (11, 12) of the floats (9, 10) penetrate in the lower region and in the upper region (11', 12') on the circumference The sides are designed to be closed and tightly surround the buoys (9, 10) in the raised position there. 14. The liquid aspirator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the material receiving chambers (1, 2) are sealably connected to the suction motor (3, 2) via a secondary valve (23, 24) respectively. 4) Discharge side connection. 15. Liquid suction device according to claim 14, characterized in that a float (9, 10) is fixed in a guide (11, 12) in each receiving chamber (1, 2) , the discharge side of the suction motor (3, 4) is connected to each material receiving cavity (1, 2) through the guiding device (11, 12) of the float (9, 10). 16. Liquid aspirator according to claim 15, characterized in that, respectively, from the side of the secondary valve (23, 24) facing away from the discharge side of the suction motor (3, 4) towards the adjacent float ( 9, 10) Extend a connection channel (42). 17. The liquid aspirator according to claim 14, characterized in that: the main valve (19, 20) and the auxiliary valve (23, 24) of each receiving chamber (1, 2) are coupled in such a way that That is, make them turn on and off alternately. 18. Liquid suction device according to claim 17, characterized in that the coupling of the main valve (19, 20) and the auxiliary valve (23, 24) is designed mechanically. 19. Liquid suction device according to claim 18, characterized in that the main valve (19, 20) is coupled via a rocker (21). 20. The liquid suction device as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that the auxiliary valve (23, 24) is coupled via a further rocker (25). 21. Liquid aspirator according to claim 18, characterized in that the main valve (19, 20) is coupled via a rocker (21) and the auxiliary valve (23, 24) is coupled via another rocker (25) Coupling, the rockers (21, 25) of the main valve (19, 20) and the auxiliary valve (23, 24) are rigidly connected to each other. 22. Liquid suction device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the receiving chambers (1, 2) have substantially cylindrical shape and/or have substantially the same volume and/or mutually Plug-in setting. 23. Liquid suction device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the receiving chambers (1, 2) can be closed on the underside via a common vacuum valve (56), which vacuum valve It is installed to be able to rotate between two stoppers (55, 66), so that it always closes one receiving cavity (1, 2) and the other receiving chamber (1, 2) when it is against one of the stoppers (55, 56). The feed chambers (2, 1) are opened toward the outlet (7). 24. Liquid suction device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the container (13) is mounted so as to be pivotable. 25. Liquid suction device according to claim 24, characterized in that the container (13) is mounted pivotably about a substantially horizontal axis (26). 26. The liquid aspirator according to claim 24, characterized in that, each receiving chamber (1, 2) of the container (13) has an air extraction hole (17, 18), and the air extraction hole passes through the container (13) The rotation of the pump is alternately connected with the suction side of the suction motor (3). 27. The liquid suction device according to claim 26, characterized in that the suction holes (17, 18) are arranged in the region of the wall of the container (13), which is designed to surround the container with a substantially constant radius (13) The arc of the rotary shaft. 28. The liquid aspirator according to claim 24, characterized in that the container (13) is divided into receiving chambers (1, 2) in such a way that when the liquid in the receiving chambers (1, 2) The center of gravity is shifted when the filling quantity increases, and the container (13) is automatically rotated to a position that releases the other receiving chamber (2, 1) for filling by the shift of the center of gravity. 29. According to one of claims 1 to 7 but not including claim 22 described liquid suction device, it is characterized in that, container (13) has circular cross-section substantially, and it is divided into two by a partition (40). A receiving chamber (1, 2) with a substantially semicircular cross-section. 30. The liquid aspirator according to claim 29, characterized in that the container (13) is installed to be rotatable; each receiving chamber (1, 2) of the container (13) has an air extraction hole (17, 18) , the suction holes are alternately connected with the suction side of the suction motor (3) through the rotation of the container (13); Closable outlets are provided on opposite sides of the partition (40).

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