CN100507397C - Solar concentrating tiles that track sunlight and effectively reduce radiative heat dissipation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a sunlight-tracking solar optical collection tile which can effectively reduce radiative heat diffusion, belonging to the technical field of solar water heater, reducing the heat collecting pipes of the solar water heater to a proper number and besides, installing optical collection tiles with very close clearances so as to make the heated area of the solar water heater invariant or somewhat increased, where the focus of the optical collection tiles is equipped with the heat collecting pipes, and the optical collection tiles can revolve round the heat collecting pipes with the sunlight. And it can remarkably reduce the cost and reduces the heat dispersion. And its advantage is mainly in the winter; in strong convection weather, it can protect the heat collecting pipes against the damage by hails and rains.

Description

Solar concentrating tiles that track sunlight and effectively reduce radiative heat dissipation

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar water heaters, and in particular relates to a solar concentrating tile that can track sunlight and effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation, so as to reduce the number of heat collecting tubes used.

Background technique

Ordinary solar water heaters mainly rely on heat collecting tubes to absorb solar heat energy. The heating color, projected area, heat conduction, convection and radiation of the heat collecting tubes determine the main performance of solar water heaters; now the heat collecting tube radiation absorption color is the best , The heat loss caused by conduction and convection has been extremely small, and has almost reached the limit of today's technology. If you want to greatly improve the performance of solar water heaters, you can only work on the projected area of the heat collecting tube and reduce radiation heat dissipation.

Today's heat collecting tubes are mainly cylindrical. No matter which direction the sunlight is incident, the light receiving area of the heat collecting tube is the same, of course, the non-light receiving area is also the same; because the heat collecting tubes are heated in the same color as a whole, and because the color that absorbs heat is the best color to dissipate heat at the same time. For the best color, if you want to absorb more sunlight, you can only add more heat collecting tubes, which means that the area of radiation heat dissipation also increases simultaneously; While the heat-absorbing area of the heat-collecting tube is reduced, the radiation and heat-dissipating area must be reduced; this phenomenon is more prominent in winter, because the temperature difference between the solar water heater and the outside world is too large in winter, so that the radiated heat energy is too different from the heat energy radiated back from the external background. Reduce the temperature rise of solar water heaters in winter, and at the same time reduce the effective projection area of solar energy in winter, weaken the ability to absorb sunlight, the distance of sunlight penetrating the atmosphere is longer, and the air scatters sunlight more seriously, which seriously limits the heat collection effect of solar water heaters Therefore, it is more urgent to increase the equivalent projected area of solar energy and reduce the area of radiation heat dissipation in winter, which seriously limits the popularization and development of solar energy; Damaged by hail, heavy rainfall, etc.; the existing concentrating tile technology (concentrating tile is also called concentrating screen), because it is fixedly installed under the heat collecting tube, the focus is on the heat collecting tube, but only in the It works when the sun is directly shining, but there is only direct sunlight at noon, the heat collection time is too short, and the effect is not obvious, so the existing concentrating tiles are basically eliminated.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to design a solar concentrating tile that can track sunlight, so that the concentrating tile can absorb more heat and scatter less heat with the movement of sunlight, thereby improving the performance of solar water heaters; Convective weather protects heat collecting tubes from damage.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is improved on the basis of the original solar water heater. While reducing the number of heat collecting tubes of the solar water heater, a semicircle-arc concentrating tile is installed under each heat-collecting tube, and the semi-circle concentrator The radius of the tile is greater than the radius of the heat collecting tube. Since there is no large gap left between the concentrating tiles, the heating area of the solar water heater remains unchanged or slightly increased. The focus of the concentrating tile is the heat collecting tube. The tile can rotate around the heat collecting tube to follow the direction of sunlight. Its fixed point is set between the lower connection frame of the solar water heater and the water storage tank. A humidity sensor is installed on the water heater where it is not easy to be directly exposed to the sun and will not be eroded by rain. , a temperature sensor is provided on the water storage tank of the water heater, the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor control a small motor through the controller, and the small motor is linked with the concentrating tile, and the transmission and rotation of the concentrating tile can be driven by a small motor to drive the turbine vortex The transmission and rotation method of the rod structure is realized.

Because the present invention adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme, it solves the contradiction that the heating area and the radiation heat dissipation area are almost equal; Therefore, the cost can be significantly reduced. The reduction in the number of heat collecting tubes is equivalent to reducing the area of radiation heat dissipation. The heat energy radiated from the heat collecting tubes is fed back to the heat collecting tubes through the concentrating tiles, so too many expensive and fragile heat collecting tubes are no longer needed. Heat pipe: As long as possible, the heat collecting pipe should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the area of radiation heat dissipation. Therefore, the advantage of this technology is mainly in winter. Because the concentrating tile can be actively rotated to the heat collecting tube under the control of the controller, it can protect the heat collecting tube from being damaged in strong convective weather.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of the working principle of the present invention through the transmission and rotation of the photoelectric sensor assembly;

Fig. 2 represents the block diagram of the working principle of the present invention through the transmission and rotation of the photoelectric sensor assembly in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 represents the structural representation of photoelectric sensor assembly among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows another block diagram of the working principle of the rotating concentrating tile through the transmission of the photoelectric sensor assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 5 represents the structural representation of the photoelectric sensor assembly described in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 shows another block diagram of the working principle of the rotating concentrating tile through the transmission of the time signal generator in the present invention;

Fig. 7 shows the block diagram of the working principle of the invention through the transmission of the humidity sensor to rotate the concentrating tile;

Fig. 8 shows the block diagram of the working principle of the invention through the transmission of the temperature sensor to rotate the concentrating tile;

Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of the heat energy radiated by the heat collecting tube of the present invention fed back to the heat collecting tube through the concentrating tile;

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the present invention is improved on the basis of the original solar water heater. Change or increase slightly, while reducing the number of heat collecting tubes, a semi-circular arc concentrating tile is installed under each heat collecting tube, the radius of the semi-circular arc concentrating tile is greater than the radius of the heat collecting tube, and the number of heat collecting tubes is reduced by equal to The radiation heat dissipation area is reduced. The focus of the concentrating tile is the heat collecting tube, and the heat energy radiated from the heat collecting tube is fed back to the heat collecting tube through the concentrating tile. The fixed point of the light tile is set between the lower connection frame of the solar water heater and the water storage tank. A humidity sensor is installed on the water heater where it is not easy to be directly exposed to the sun and is not eroded by rainwater. A temperature sensor is installed on the water storage tank of the water heater. The humidity sensor and the temperature sensor control the small motor through the controller, and the small motor drives the concentrating tile, and the transmission and rotation of the concentrating tile can be realized by the small motor driving the transmission and rotation method of the worm structure.

As long as there is sunshine, the heat collecting tube can collect heat, which solves the contradiction that the heating area and the radiation heat dissipation area are almost equal; the equivalent heat projection area remains unchanged or slightly increases, and the radiation heat dissipation area decreases several times, and at the same time, the cost can be significantly reduced , can greatly reduce the number of heat-collecting tubes, the reduction in the number of heat-collecting tubes is equivalent to reducing the area of radiation heat dissipation, and the heat energy radiated from the heat-collecting tubes is fed back to the heat-collecting tubes through the concentrating tiles, as shown in Figure 9 (in Figure 9 1 means concentrating tile, 2 means heat collecting tube), so too many expensive and fragile heat collecting tubes are no longer needed; as long as possible, heat collecting tubes should be reduced as much as possible to reduce the area of radiation heat dissipation, so the advantages of this technology are mainly in the winter. Because the concentrating tile can be rotated onto the heat collecting tube, it can protect the heat collecting tube from being damaged by hail and rainfall in strong convective weather.

The transmission and rotation mode of the concentrating tile is realized by using a photoelectric sensor assembly to control a small motor to drag the turbine worm structure through a controller, or using a time signal generator to control a small motor to drive a turbine worm structure through a controller. .

The rotation of the spotlight tile can be realized by the following two methods:

The first method is to use the photoelectric sensor component to control the small motor to drive the turbine and worm structure through the controller. There are two ways to use the photoelectric sensor component to control the small motor to drive the turbine and worm structure through the controller. One is that the photoelectric sensor assembly is controlled by a controller to connect a small motor, and the small motor drives the concentrating tile to rotate synchronously. As shown in Figure 3, the photoelectric sensor assembly is composed of a cassette 3 and a photosensitive element 4. There is a very narrow slit 5 in the middle of the top of the box, and two photosensitive elements 4 are arranged at an appropriate distance and position under the inner bottom of the cassette 3 and the area where sunlight is directly irradiated through the slit; the photoelectric sensor assembly is controlled by a controller and connected to a small motor , the small motor drags the concentrating tile and the photoelectric sensor assembly through the turbine worm structure; the sunlight passes through the very narrow gap 5 on the photoelectric sensor assembly, and when the sunlight does not shine on the photosensitive element 4, the photosensitive element does not output an error signal , the controller does not rotate the concentrating tile; when the sunlight shines on one of the components due to movement, the two sensors output error signals, and the controller judges how much the concentrating tile should be rotated according to the error signal input by the photoelectric sensor component; Of course, the sunlight cannot be static. The concentrating tiles rotate synchronously with the sunlight under the control of the controller. The sunlight reflected by the concentrating tiles is always aimed at the heat collecting tube. This method requires another photoelectric element to sense day and night; At night or at dawn, reserve a morning spotlight tile to sit west and east to wait for the sun to rise.

The other is that the photoelectric sensor assembly no longer follows the concentrating tile. As shown in Figure 5, the photoelectric sensor assembly is still composed of a semicircular arc cassette 6 and a photosensitive element 7, but there are many photosensitive elements; The middle position of the top of the cassette is provided with a very narrow slit 8, and an appropriate number of photosensitive elements 7 are installed at an appropriate distance and position at the bottom of the semicircular arc of the cassette, under the area where sunlight passes through the slit; the photoelectric sensor assembly is connected by the controller The small motor connects the concentrating tile by dragging the turbine worm structure; the sunlight moving at a proper distance under a small gap shines on the photoelectric element, then the photoelectric element outputs a sun position signal to the controller , the controller controls the spotlight tile to turn to the direction indicated by the photoelectric element. The advantage of this scheme is that the photoelectric element no longer follows the spotlight tile, avoiding the danger of the wire being broken; the spotlight tile follows the sunlight and rotates discontinuously and in steps state.

The second concentrating tile transmission and rotation mode is realized by tracking sunlight based on the time axis. The described concentrating tile transmission and rotation mode uses a time signal generator to control a small motor through a controller to drive the turbine and worm structure. To achieve this, the sunlight can be accurately focused on the heat collecting tube through the concentrating tile. The time of the earth's rotation is very accurate. As long as an accurate time signal is designed and controlled by it to control the concentrating tile controller, it can be accurately achieved. However, this kind of concentrating tile will make a circular motion around the heat collecting tube, exactly one day a day.

Other purposes can also be achieved by using the concentrating tile rotation technology. A humidity sensor is provided on the water heater, and a temperature sensor is provided on the water storage tank of the water heater. The humidity sensor and the temperature sensor control the small motor through the controller, and the small motor is linked. Concentrating tiles, before the power of strong convective weather erupts, the humidity sensor senses in advance (before the weather changes, the humidity often changes in advance) and then the controller turns the concentrating tiles on the heat collecting tubes to protect the fragile heat collecting tubes; The light tile can be rotated, and the heating temperature can also be controlled. When the temperature is too high, the concentrating tile can be rotated so that it can no longer accurately track the sunlight, so that the concentrating focus part or all deviates from the heat collecting tube, thereby reducing the temperature. , which is especially meaningful in the hard water area, because the higher the temperature of the hard water, the easier it is for the container to scale.

Because the concentrating tile is relatively light, the power consumption of this circuit is not large, and the method of power supply of photocell + battery can be used, of course, the mains power can also be used; the above control methods can be used alone or in combination to achieve the best control results. .

Certainly the present invention can not only be applied to solar water heaters, and other places that need high-efficiency solar energy can also be used.

Claims (5)

1. Solar concentrating tiles that track sunlight and can effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation are characterized in that while the number of heat collecting tubes of solar water heaters is reduced, a semicircular arc concentrating tile is installed under each heat collecting tube, and the semicircular arc concentrating tiles are installed under each heat collecting tube. The radius of the light tile is greater than the radius of the heat collecting tube. Since there is no large gap between the light concentrating tiles, the heating area of the solar water heater remains unchanged or increases slightly. The tile rotates around the heat collecting tube following the direction of sunlight. Its fixed point is set between the lower connection frame of the solar water heater and the water storage tank. A humidity sensor is installed on the water heater where it is not easy to be directly exposed to the sun and will not be eroded by rain. A temperature sensor is installed on the water storage tank of the water heater. The humidity sensor and the temperature sensor control a small motor through a controller, and the small motor drives the concentrating tile. The transmission rotation method is realized. 2. The solar concentrating tile that tracks sunlight and can effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation according to claim 1, is characterized in that the transmission and rotation mode of the concentrating tile is to use a photoelectric sensor component to control a small motor through a controller to drive a turbine vortex The method of rod structure is realized. 3. The solar concentrating tile that tracks sunlight and can effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation according to claim 2, is characterized in that the photoelectric sensor assembly is composed of a cassette and a photosensitive element, and at the middle of the top of the cassette there is a There is a very narrow slit, and two photosensitive elements are arranged at an appropriate distance and position under the inner bottom of the cassette and the area where sunlight passes through the slit; the photoelectric sensor assembly is connected to a small motor through the controller, and the small motor drives the focus through the worm structure. Light tiles and photosensor assemblies. 4. The solar concentrating tile that tracks sunlight and can effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation according to claim 2, is characterized in that the photoelectric sensor assembly is composed of a cassette and a photosensitive element, and at the middle of the top of the cassette is a There is a very narrow slit, and a plurality of photosensitive elements are arranged at an appropriate distance and position under the inner bottom of the cassette and the area directly irradiated by sunlight through the slit; the photoelectric sensor assembly is connected to a small motor through the controller, and the small motor is connected by dragging the turbine worm structure Spotlight tile. 5. The solar concentrating tile that tracks sunlight and can effectively reduce radiation and heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission and rotation mode of the concentrating tile is to use a time signal generator to control a small motor through a controller to drive a turbine. The method of worm structure is realized.

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