CN100406775C - Rolling channel for linear slide rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an orbit of a linear slide rail and the cross section contour of the rolling channel on a slide block. The present invention uses parabolas as an orbit of the linear slide rail and the cross section contour of the rolling channel on the slide block for solving a problem that the friction between a rolling ball and the rolling channel is greatly increased because of the complete contact of the rolling ball of the linear slide rail and the rolling channel of the linear slide rail. In addition, the cross section contour of the rolling channel of the present invention can also make the linear slide rail provided with a good and effective load bearing zone, which causes that the linear slide rail has a good load bearing capability.

Description

Linear slide rail

Technical field

Linear slide rail of the present invention is to use the ball transmission, and comprise parts such as track, slide block and ball, in particular, the present invention relates to a kind of track of linear slide rail and the profiled outline of the sliding channel on the slide block, so that contacting between ball and sliding channel has the excellent contact characteristic.

Background technique

Linear slide rail is important mechanical assembly, various precision optical machineries, automation industry, semiconductor industry, medical equipment, aerospace industry etc. have been used at present widely, the rolling that main function is to use ball (ball) reduces the surface friction drag of mechanism when moving, it is more laborsaving when mechanism is moved, and energy saving, simultaneously because the friction minimizing, the wearing and tearing of surface of contact and intensification also can reduce, mechanism precision and life-span are promoted in pairs, and the travelling speed of mechanism also significantly promote a lot forward.

Fig. 6 is a kind of schematic representation of linear slide rail, and wherein linear slide rail comprises a track 1, a slide block 2 and most individual ball 3; And track 1 is strip, and the long axis direction of its upper edge track 1 is provided with track sliding channel 11; 2 of slide blocks are sleeved on the track 1, and respective carter sliding channel 11 places are provided with slider roll ditch 21 on slide block 2; Most 3 on balls are arranged between track sliding channel 11 and the slider roll ditch 21, and slide block 2 can be moved along long axis direction with respect to track 1; For being convenient to explanation, below aforesaid track sliding channel 11 and slider roll ditch 21 are commonly referred to as sliding channel.22 set of return ports are to use for ball 3 to reflux on the slide block 2, and ball 3 can be moved in sliding channel and 22 circulations of return port.

Fig. 7 is the ditch sectional schematic diagram of traditional sliding channel, the ditch section of traditional sliding channel (being the ditch range line profile of track sliding channel 11 or slider roll ditch 21) is a simple arc AB, A and B are the end points of arc AB, among the figure: the radius of the radius ratio circle O (being the profile line of ball 3) of arc AB is bigger, and the center of circle of arc AB is on O ' point; T point among the figure refers to the point of contact of curve (being arc AB) and circle O, and line segment OT is the connecting line that O point and T are ordered, and the center of circle O point of connection circle O and curve (being arc AB) are gone up any point C and made a line segment OC, and the D point is represented the intersection point of line segment OC and circle O.Wherein θ represents the angle of line segment OC and line segment O T, and the length of line segment OD promptly equals the radius of circle O.

The radius (being the radius of ball) of definition circle O be R, and O ' puts the distance (equaling the radius of arc A B and the difference of justifying the O radius) that O order and is defined as Δ, and then the length of line segment O ' C is the radius of arc AB, equal (Δ+R); The length of line segment CD among the figure is promptly represented the gap between ball 3 and sliding channel, and for being convenient to expression, the length of definition line segment CD is δ.Through the analysis of analytic geometry, under the condition of variant angle θ, the ratio of its δ value and R and the relation of Δ are as follows:

$\mathrm{\&delta;}/R=\sqrt{\mathrm{}}({\mathrm{\&Delta;}}^2\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20041004976400111.png,C20041004976400122.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}+2\mathrm{\&Delta;}+1)-\mathrm{\&Delta;}\&times;\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}-1$

Above-mentioned δ/R value is a zero dimension (nondimensional) amount, and promptly the unit of its value and size is irrelevant; In addition, the relation between general arc AB for convenience of description and circle O, the radius of definition arc AB is form factor η divided by the value of the diameter of circle O, and form factor η also is a nondimensional number, and its value is as follows:

η＝(1+Δ/R)/2

When Fig. 8 was various form factor η, angle θ was to the broken line graph of δ/R value.Transverse axis among the figure is angle θ, and unit is degree; Pass through axle and be δ/R value, because δ/R is a nondimensional number so there is not unit.Show among the figure, if η=0.56 (i.e. leftmost side line among the figure), then δ/R value=10 ^-4The time, it (is broken line and δ/R=10 that θ approximates 2.5 ° ^-4The intersection point of coordinate line ° locate about θ=2.5); And if η=0.51, then δ/R value=10 ^-4The time, θ approximates 6 °; If but η=0.5, then δ/R value equals 0 all, that is to say comprehensive engagement between arc AB and circle O.

According to the definition of the international standard of linear slide rail, the amount of deformation of its ball reach ball diameter 10 ^-4The time, then there is tangible permanent plastic deformation (destruction) to produce, therefore under general use, the amount of deformation of ball can not reach 10 of ball diameter ^-4As can be seen from Figure 8, if η=0.56, then δ/R value is not more than 10 ^-4Angle θ have only 2.5 ° approximately, so it is very little effectively to bear the zone of load; In order to increase the zone of effectively bearing load, the value that reduces η is a method commonly used, and when η=0.53, the zone of effectively bearing load can rise to 3.4 °; When η=0.52, the zone of effectively bearing load rises to 4 °; When η=0.51, the zone of effectively bearing load can reach 6 °, though have the bigger zone of effectively bearing load this moment, as long as η error and make η=0.5 o'clock a little, promptly can cause comprehensive engagement between arc A B and circle O, and δ/R value equals 0 all, the ball of linear slide rail meeting just and its sliding channel comprehensive engagement, and the friction between ball and its sliding channel is seriously increased, and produce serious friction.

Slight error in the manufacturing is difficult to avoid, no matter be the ball size of linear slide rail, or the arc radius of sliding channel all can have the error on the size to exist, so form factor η has small error to be difficult to avoid.When form factor η was big, the load carrying capacity of linear slide rail was not good; And form factor η approached 0.5 o'clock, can cause the serious danger that increases of friction of linear slide rail again.Therefore, the sliding channel design of the circular arc profile of traditional linear slide rail has improved needs in fact, not high with the load carrying capacity of avoiding linear slide rail, or cause the problem of the ball of linear slide rail and its sliding channel comprehensive engagement easily and friction between ball and its sliding channel is seriously increased and produce a large amount of wearing and tearing.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention promptly is to provide a kind of profiled outline of linear slide rail, with the ball of avoiding linear slide rail and its sliding channel comprehensive engagement and friction between ball and its sliding channel is seriously increased and produce a large amount of wear problems; Secondly, the profiled outline of sliding channel of the present invention also can make linear slide rail have the good load area that effectively bears, and makes linear slide rail have the good load ability.

In order to select the profiled outline of suitable sliding channel for use, at first, the present invention advocates that profiled outline must be a curve because curve with the circle between contact and can provide higher effective to bear load area than straight line.Secondly, it is considered herein that in various curves the simplyst with quadratic curve, for being convenient to make, the present invention selects the profiled outline of quadratic curve as sliding channel.The pattern of quadratic curve according to its eccentricity less than 1, greater than 1 and equal 1, can be divided into three kinds of ellipse, hyperbola and parabolas altogether, wherein Tuo Yuan equation can be expressed as:

x ²/a ²+y ²/b ²＝1

Hyp equation can be expressed as:

x ²/a ²-y ²/b ²＝1

And parabolical equation can be expressed as:

x ²＝4cy

Round then be oval a kind of special case, because its major axis radius equals minor axis radius, and make

a＝b

Promptly Yuan equation is expressed as:

x ²/a ²+y ²/a ²＝1

In above-listed equation, except circle, having only parabola is only to need an independent variable, and the more then problem is more complicated and wayward for independent variable.For being convenient to analyze, circle and parabola all may be the good solutions that solves the profiled outline of sliding channel, but the profiled outline by the sliding channel of known circular arc in the aforesaid explanation has upward problem of use, so possible solution is for using the profiled outline of parabola as sliding channel.The present invention promptly uses the profiled outline of parabola as sliding channel.

Be convenient further understanding feature of the present invention and technology contents, please consult following relevant preferred embodiment of the present invention and explanation in detail, however this embodiment and graphic only for explanation and with reference to usefulness, but not in order to the present invention is done any restriction.

Description of drawings

See also the detailed description and the accompanying drawing thereof of following relevant a preferred embodiment of the present invention, can further understand technology contents of the present invention and purpose effect thereof; Relevant this embodiment's accompanying drawing is:

Fig. 1 is for using the schematic representation of parabola as linear slide rail sliding channel ditch section;

θ was to the broken line graph of δ/R value when Fig. 2 was various scaling factor ξ;

θ was to the broken line graph of δ/R value when Fig. 3 was various scaling factor ξ;

Fig. 4 is scaling factor ξ greater than 2 o'clock θ broken line graph to δ/R value;

Fig. 5 approaches a parabolical schematic representation for using the number arc;

Fig. 6 is a kind of schematic representation of linear slide rail;

Fig. 7 is the ditch sectional schematic diagram of traditional sliding channel; And

Fig. 8 is that angle θ is to δ/R value broken line graph.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is for using the schematic representation of parabola as linear slide rail sliding channel ditch section, and curve P wherein represents a parabola, is the profile line of the ditch section of sliding channel, and circle O represents the profile of ball, and the radius of definition ball is R; And the point of the T among the figure refers to the point of contact of curve (being parabola P) and circle O, also be the summit of parabola P, line segment OT is the connecting line that O point and T are ordered, and length equals R, connect the center of circle O point of circle O and 1 C on the curve (being parabola P) and make a line segment OC, and the D point is represented the intersection point of line segment OC and circle O.Wherein θ represents the angle of line segment OC and line segment OT, and the length of line segment OD promptly equals the radius of circle O, i.e. the length of line segment OD (equaling R), and the length of the line segment CD among the figure is promptly represented the gap between ball 3 and sliding channel, for being convenient to expression, the length of definition line segment CD is δ.If the focus of parabola P is F, the length of line segment F T is the focal distance f of parabola P, and definition scaling factor ξ is R/f, and then line segment OF length equals (R-f), equals f (ξ-1) again.

For calculating the ratio of δ value and R, at first be in Fig. 1, to draw the directrix L of parabola P, according to parabolical definition, any point on the parabola to the perpendicular distance of directrix equals the distance that this puts focus, therefore the length of the line segment CF among Fig. 1 equals the length of line segment CE, and the length of line segment TF equals the length of line segment TH, and promptly the length of the length of line segment TF and line segment TH all equals focal distance f.Be to calculate the length δ of line segment CD, cross C point and do one and subsidize the vertical line segment OT of line segment CG in the G point, then line segment CF length square equal line segment FG length square add line segment CG length square, wherein:

Line segment CG length=(f ξ+δ) * sin θ

Line segment F G length=(f ξ+δ) * cos θ-f ξ+f

Because line segment CF length equals line segment CE length, equals line segment GH length again, so

Line segment CF length=f ξ+f-(f ξ+δ) * cos θ

After calculating, under the condition of variant angle θ, the ratio that gets δ value and R is as follows:

$\mathrm{\&delta;}/R=2[\sqrt{({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20041004976400111.png,C20041004976400122.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}}^2\mathrm{\&theta;}+\mathrm{\&xi;}\&CenterDot;{\sin }^2\mathrm{\&theta;})}-\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}]/\mathrm{\&xi;}/{\sin }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}-1$

When Fig. 2 was various scaling factor ξ, angle θ was to the broken line graph of δ/R value.Transverse axis among the figure is angle θ, and unit is degree; Pass through axle and be δ/R value, because δ/R is a nondimensional number so there is not unit.Show among the figure, if ξ=1.5 (i.e. leftmost side line among the figure), then δ/R value=10 ^-4The time, it (is broken line and δ/R=10 that θ approximates 1.6 ° ^-4The intersection point of coordinate line ° locate about θ=1.6): if ξ=1.7 (i.e. the second from left broken line among the figure), then δ/R value=10 ^-4The time, θ approximates 2.2 °, and effect approximates tradition and uses simple arc as the ditch section of linear slide rail sliding channel and the effect of η=0.56 o'clock.Situation in ξ=1.9, broken line and δ/R=10 ^-4The intersection point of coordinate line ° locate about θ=3.5; This value angle that form factor η equals at 0.53 o'clock a little more than traditional simple arc; Situation in ξ=1.95, broken line and δ/R=10 ^-4The intersection point of coordinate line ° locate in θ=5; This value has been higher than traditional simple arc and angle that form factor η equals at 0.52 o'clock, or approaches traditional simple arc and angle that form factor η equals at 0.51 o'clock; When ξ=2 (i.e. rightmost side line among the figure), then δ/R value=10 ^-4The time, angle θ approximates 9.6 °, and this value is far above traditional simple arc and the angle that form factor η equals at 0.51 o'clock.So use parabolic outlines of the present invention can make the splendid contact angle of acquisition between ball and sliding channel, and make linear slide rail have the good load ability.

When Fig. 3 also was various scaling factor ξ, angle θ was to the broken line graph of δ/R value.Wherein, ξ=1.5,1.9 and the existing explanation in Fig. 2 of 2 o'clock situation; Must it should be noted that the situation of ξ＞2 especially at this, show among the figure when ξ=2.01 that when using the aforementioned calculation formula to try to achieve δ/R value in θ=1～8 °, numerical value is less than zero, its physical significance is " crack is a negative value between between ball 3 and sliding channel "; Certainly the gap is that negative value is impossible, and its mistake former is because during the derivation calculating formula due to the hypothesis mistake; Correct saying is when ξ=2.01, point of contact between ball and sliding channel be about respectively θ=6 ° locate (being the minimum point of broken line), just a ball and a sliding channel can contact in its ± two intersection points such as 6 °, but do not have the situation of comprehensive engagement, especially after the load between ball and sliding channel increased gradually, the contact area between ball and sliding channel enlarged gradually.When the embodiment of ξ=2.01, after θ＞10 °, (δ/R value be on the occasion of) still strengthened in gap between ball and sliding channel gradually, and makes contacting situation and can't reach the later and acute variation of generation physical property of critical value 2 because of scaling factor ξ between ball and sliding channel.So ditch profiled outline of the present invention not only o'clock has very big contact angle in ξ=2, and ξ＞2 o'clock can not produce the violent suddenly situation that increases of contact area yet, therefore so ditch profiled outline of the present invention really has splendid physical property.

Fig. 4 is scaling factor ξ greater than 2 o'clock the angle θ broken line graph to δ/R value.Displaying ratio coefficient ξ among the figure=2.5 o'clock, the minimum value of δ/R value ° is located about θ=36; And scaling factor ξ=3 o'clock, the minimum value of δ/R value ° is located about θ=45.Because if the contact angle between ball and sliding channel increases, then can reduce with joint efforts, but during in θ=45 ° (angle of two component is 90 °), its load still can reach 0.707 times of initial value, the contact angle of general Goethe's formula profile is about 45 °, therefore in ξ=3 o'clock, its contact angle still is spendable scope for 45 °; Just ξ=3 still are available scope.

Parabola is a curve that is symmetrical in its summit, numerical value substitution equation can be tried to achieve parabolical profile, also can use the definition of directrix and focus to map; In addition, (curve fitting) also is a kind of feasible way to use the arc of several different curvature radius to approach.Fig. 5 approaches a parabolical schematic representation for using the number arc, show among the figure and approach a parabola with three sections arcs, because parabola is a curve that is symmetrical in its summit, so the radius of left and right sides arc can be identical value R2, and this two arc to connect another radius be that the arc of R1 is to approach a parabola; Certainly, more approach, also can use more arcs to approach for making shape.

Comprehensively above-mentioned, linear slide rail of the present invention uses a parabola as linear slide rail, comprehensive engagement except between the ball that can avoid linear slide rail and its sliding channel and friction between ball and its sliding channel is seriously increased and produce the problem of a large amount of abrasions, and because the profiled outline of sliding channel of the present invention is after the control of usage ratio coefficient ξ, also can make linear slide rail have the good load area that effectively bears, make linear slide rail have the good load ability.

Claims (2)

1. linear slide rail, it comprises:

The track of one strip, its upper edge long axis direction is provided with the track sliding channel;

One slide block is sleeved on the aforesaid track, and corresponding aforesaid track sliding channel is provided with the slider roll ditch;

Several balls are arranged between aforesaid track sliding channel and slider roll ditch, and aforesaid slide block can be moved with respect to the long axis direction of track along track; It is characterized in that:

The ditch profiled outline of at least one is parabola in aforesaid track sliding channel and the slider roll ditch, and the radius of this ball is 1.5 to 3 times of the parabola focal length.

2. linear slide rail as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this rolls different radius is 1.9 to 2 times of parabola focal length.

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