CN109939528A - A kind of rubber banburying tail gas treatment system and method - Google Patents
A kind of rubber banburying tail gas treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及化工生产及环保领域，具体涉及一种橡胶密炼尾气处理系统及方法。The invention relates to the fields of chemical production and environmental protection, in particular to a system and method for treating tail gas of rubber banburying.
背景技术Background technique
在橡胶轮胎生产过程中，会产生一定量的橡胶轮胎废气。这种废气的污染因子主要为工业粉尘、恶臭等污染物，虽然污染强度不大，但是废气排放量大、污染成分复杂多变，尤其是废气中的恶臭成分对周围环境、厂区环境造成一定的污染，扰民现象难以避免。密炼车间和硫化车间生产过程产生的烟气，其中含有H2S、NH3、CS2、硫醇、有机硫化物、胺类等微量有机组分气体，不但对操作工人的身体健康造成直接危害，同时也污染了周围的大气环境，因此，橡胶密炼产生的废气处理迫在眉睫。In the production process of rubber tires, a certain amount of rubber tire exhaust gas will be generated. The pollution factors of this kind of exhaust gas are mainly industrial dust, odor and other pollutants. Although the pollution intensity is not large, the exhaust gas emissions are large and the pollution components are complex and changeable. Pollution and nuisance are unavoidable. The flue gas produced in the production process of the internal mixing workshop and the vulcanization workshop contains trace amounts of organic components such as H 2 S, NH 3 , CS 2 , mercaptans, organic sulfides, amines, etc. At the same time, it also pollutes the surrounding atmospheric environment. Therefore, the treatment of waste gas generated by rubber banburying is imminent.
炼胶是橡胶制造过程中的重要工段。炼胶烟气主要来源于密炼机内部混合料在100-160℃左右的条件下的捏炼及裂解过程，炼胶烟气主要来自炼胶车间的混炼(密炼机)。Rubber mixing is an important section in the rubber manufacturing process. The rubber mixing flue gas mainly comes from the kneading and cracking process of the mixture in the internal mixer at about 100-160 ℃, and the rubber mixing flue gas mainly comes from the mixing (internal mixer) in the rubber mixing workshop.
炼胶烟气污染物主要是橡胶的热裂解产物，主要成分是烷烃、烯烃和芳烃等聚异戊二烯胶的裂解产物和一些含硫化合物，使得炼胶烟气虽然VOCs浓度远远低于标准限值，但仍然有一定的臭气浓度。The pollutants in rubber refining flue gas are mainly thermal cracking products of rubber. The main components are the cracking products of polyisoprene rubber such as alkanes, olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons and some sulfur-containing compounds. Although the VOCs concentration in rubber refining flue gas is much lower than Standard limits, but still have a certain odor concentration.
CN207042994U公开了一种化工尾气净化吸收装置，包括尾气收集装置、旋流喷淋塔、循环水泵、回水箱、风机、基座、活性炭吸附过滤器，尾气收集装置设在旋流喷啉塔的前端，旋流喷啉塔上设有第一填料层、第二填料层与第三填料层，第二填料层装设在第一填料层与第三填料层之间，旋流喷淋塔顶端与气液分离器相连接，旋流喷淋塔底端与基座相连接，旋流喷啉塔侧端设有循环水泵，循环水泵上设有喷淋水管与分支管相连接，循环水泵下方设有回水箱通过设置尾气收集装置，能够加大设备对尾气的吸收力度，吸附效率高，吸附容量大，进而提高尾气处理量，使其尾气能够及时净化处理。但是这种尾气处理方式相对处理效果单一，无法针对橡胶密炼尾气进行有效的处理，并不能适用于橡胶加工行业。CN207042994U discloses a chemical exhaust gas purification and absorption device, comprising a tail gas collection device, a swirl spray tower, a circulating water pump, a return water tank, a fan, a base, an activated carbon adsorption filter, and the tail gas collection device is arranged at the front end of the swirl spray tower The swirl spray tower is provided with a first packing layer, a second packing layer and a third packing layer, the second packing layer is installed between the first packing layer and the third packing layer, and the top of the swirl spray tower is connected to the The gas-liquid separator is connected, the bottom end of the swirl spray tower is connected with the base, the side end of the swirl spray tower is provided with a circulating water pump, the circulating water pump is provided with a spray water pipe to connect with the branch pipe, and the lower part of the circulating water pump is provided with a circulating water pump. By setting the exhaust gas collection device in the return water tank, it can increase the absorption of the exhaust gas by the equipment, with high adsorption efficiency and large adsorption capacity, thereby increasing the exhaust gas treatment capacity, so that the exhaust gas can be purified and processed in time. However, this kind of exhaust gas treatment method is relatively simple in treatment effect, cannot effectively treat the exhaust gas of rubber banburying, and is not suitable for the rubber processing industry.
CN108607342A公开了一种橡胶工业废气VOCs综合治理方法，将原来的热胶片风干冷却改造为热胶片浸水冷却法，即热胶片通过输送带经过冷水槽循环冷却，热胶片输送过程中浸没在水槽的冷却水里，然后再通过轴流风机晾干、收品；热胶片挥发的烟气VOCs是随着自身的温度下降而减少的，热胶片浸水冷却法减少烟气VOCs的挥发。不仅大大减少了治理体量，而且对烟气(VOCs)的处理更加彻底，高浓度烟气焚烧法治理彻底，不残留。对橡胶烟气(VOCs)的综合环保治理达到预期效果，与常规治理方法相比，综合环保治理方法不仅处理更彻底，而且治理装备的运行成本下降50％以上。也仅仅是通过浸水冷却法减少尾气的生成，但对于在密炼阶段产生的尾气仍然无法进行有效处理。CN108607342A discloses a comprehensive treatment method for VOCs in rubber industry waste gas, which transforms the original hot film air-drying and cooling into a hot film immersion cooling method, that is, the hot film is circulated and cooled by a conveyor belt through a cold water tank, and the hot film is immersed in the water tank for cooling during transportation. The product is then dried and collected by the axial flow fan; the VOCs of the flue gas volatilized by the thermal film decreases as its temperature drops, and the thermal film is immersed in water for cooling to reduce the volatilization of the flue gas VOCs. Not only the treatment volume is greatly reduced, but also the treatment of flue gas (VOCs) is more thorough, and the high-concentration flue gas incineration method is thoroughly treated without residue. The comprehensive environmental protection treatment of rubber flue gas (VOCs) has achieved the expected effect. Compared with the conventional treatment method, the comprehensive environmental protection treatment method not only treats more thoroughly, but also reduces the operating cost of treatment equipment by more than 50%. It is only through the water immersion cooling method to reduce the generation of exhaust gas, but the exhaust gas generated in the banburying stage still cannot be effectively treated.
然而，现有技术中的各种橡胶尾气治理方法的处理效果均不理想，处理过程及对象较为单一，无法同时满足尾气处理过程中固体颗粒物和VOCs的治理，在实际应用中效果并不理想。因此，提供一种简单、高效、全方位的橡胶尾气处理系统及方法是亟待解决的技术问题。However, the treatment effects of various rubber exhaust gas treatment methods in the prior art are not ideal, the treatment process and objects are relatively single, and the treatment of solid particles and VOCs in the exhaust gas treatment process cannot be satisfied at the same time, and the effect is not satisfactory in practical applications. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to provide a simple, efficient and comprehensive rubber exhaust gas treatment system and method.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供一种简单、高效、全方位的橡胶尾气处理系统及方法，能够在有效处理尾气中颗粒污染物的同时，有效去除具有臭味的成分，满足尾气处理过程中固体颗粒物和VOCs的治理。The invention provides a simple, efficient and all-round rubber tail gas treatment system and method, which can effectively remove odorous components while effectively treating particulate pollutants in the tail gas, and meet the treatment requirements of solid particulate matter and VOCs in the tail gas treatment process. .
本发明提供一种橡胶密炼尾气治理系统，按照废气流动方向，所述系统依次包括：The invention provides a rubber banburying tail gas treatment system. According to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the system sequentially includes:
布袋除尘器，用于去除废气中的粒径范围为0.5μm以上的固体颗粒；A bag filter is used to remove solid particles with a particle size range of more than 0.5 μm in the exhaust gas;
旋流喷射吸收塔，所述旋流喷射吸收塔的废气进口与所述布袋除尘器的废气出口相连接，用于去除废气中粒径范围在亚微米级的颗粒，以及臭味组分；A swirl jet absorption tower, the exhaust gas inlet of the swirl jet absorption tower is connected with the exhaust gas outlet of the bag filter, and is used to remove particles with a particle size range of submicron and odor components in the exhaust gas;
其中，所述旋流喷射吸收塔的顶部设置有气体出口，底部设置有废液排放口，所述废液排放口出口处的管道上设置有检测仪表，用于检测排出废液中硫酸根离子的浓度，所述管道在检测仪表后方分为两支，一支将流体传输到污水排放管道，另一支与吸收液回流储液罐相连接，所述吸收液回流储液罐通过水泵向所述旋流喷射吸收塔供给所述吸收液；Wherein, the top of the swirl jet absorption tower is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom is provided with a waste liquid discharge port, and a detection instrument is provided on the pipeline at the outlet of the waste liquid discharge port to detect sulfate ions in the discharged waste liquid The concentration of the pipe is divided into two branches behind the detection instrument, one transmits the fluid to the sewage discharge pipe, and the other is connected to the absorption liquid return storage tank, and the absorption liquid return storage tank is sent to the The swirl jet absorption tower supplies the absorption liquid;
风机，所述风机的一端通过管道连接于所述旋流喷射吸收塔顶部的废气出口，所述风机的另一端连接于排气塔，经过治理后的净化气体通过所述排气塔的顶部排放。Fan, one end of the fan is connected to the exhaust gas outlet at the top of the swirl jet absorption tower through a pipeline, the other end of the fan is connected to the exhaust tower, and the purified gas after treatment is discharged through the top of the exhaust tower .
其中，所述检测仪表用于检测所述旋流喷射吸收塔排出废液中硫酸根的浓度，所述检测仪表将检测到的硫酸根的浓度数据反馈给控制中心，控制中心根据返回数据对废液的类型进行判断，并通过给管道内的阀门发送命令来控制废液的流向。例如，当废液中硫酸根的浓度质量百分比≥90％时，将废液通过一支管道传输到污水排放管道；当废液中硫酸根的浓度质量百分比＜90％时，判定废液能够用于回收作为吸收液循环利用，因此，控制中心控制阀门将废液通过另一支管道传输到所述吸收液回收储液罐，进行回收利用。Wherein, the detection instrument is used to detect the concentration of sulfate in the waste liquid discharged from the swirl jet absorption tower, and the detection instrument feeds back the detected sulfate concentration data to the control center, and the control center analyzes the waste according to the returned data. The type of liquid is judged, and the flow of waste liquid is controlled by sending commands to the valve in the pipeline. For example, when the concentration mass percentage of sulfate in the waste liquid is greater than or equal to 90%, the waste liquid is transferred to the sewage discharge pipeline through a pipeline; when the concentration mass percentage of sulfate in the waste liquid is less than 90%, it is determined that the waste liquid can be used Therefore, the control center controls the valve to transmit the waste liquid to the absorption liquid recovery liquid storage tank through another branch pipe for recycling.
进一步地，所述吸收液回流储液罐设置有吸收液补充口和水补充口，并且，所述吸收液回流储液罐出口管道经过一段后分为两根支管，其中一根支管与第一循环水泵连接，另一根支管与第二循环水泵连接，所述第一循环水泵和所述第二循环水泵出口的二根管道经过一段后再次合并为一根管道与所述旋流喷射吸收塔相连接。Further, the absorption liquid return liquid storage tank is provided with an absorption liquid replenishment port and a water replenishment port, and the outlet pipeline of the absorption liquid return liquid storage tank is divided into two branch pipes after a section, wherein one branch pipe is connected to the first branch pipe. The circulating water pump is connected, the other branch pipe is connected to the second circulating water pump, and the two pipes at the outlet of the first circulating water pump and the second circulating water pump are merged into one pipe after a period of time and the swirl jet absorption tower connected.
进一步地，所述排气塔的底部还设置排气塔废液排出口，所述废液排出口通过管道与所述污水排放管道连接。Further, the bottom of the exhaust tower is also provided with a waste liquid discharge port of the exhaust tower, and the waste liquid discharge port is connected with the sewage discharge pipe through a pipeline.
进一步地，所述旋流喷射塔自上而下通过上隔板和下隔板分为隔开为气体排出区、尾气处理区和排污回收区；Further, the swirling jet tower is divided into a gas discharge area, a tail gas treatment area and a sewage recovery area from top to bottom by the upper clapboard and the lower clapboard;
所述旋流喷射吸收塔的废气进口和吸收液进口位于所述尾气处理区，所述尾气处理区还设置有若干喷射吸收管，所述喷射吸收管的上部连接固定在所述上隔板上，并伸入所述气体排出区，所述喷射吸收管的下部连接固定在所述下隔板上，并伸入所述排污回收区。The exhaust gas inlet and the absorption liquid inlet of the swirl jet absorption tower are located in the exhaust gas treatment area, and the exhaust gas treatment area is also provided with a number of injection absorption pipes, and the upper part of the injection absorption pipes is connected and fixed on the upper baffle , and extend into the gas discharge area, the lower part of the injection absorption pipe is connected and fixed on the lower baffle, and extends into the sewage recovery area.
本发明通过布袋除尘器和旋流喷射吸收塔的串联设置，将废气中的固体颗粒物和VOCs连续处理掉。其中，通过所述布袋除尘器将0.5μm以上的固体颗粒除去，主要为橡胶密炼过程中产生的例如炭黑等颗粒杂质。The invention continuously treats the solid particulate matter and VOCs in the exhaust gas through the series arrangement of the bag filter and the swirl jet absorption tower. Wherein, the solid particles above 0.5 μm are removed by the bag filter, which are mainly particulate impurities such as carbon black generated during the rubber banburying process.
进一步地，所述尾气处理区内还设置有用于固定所述喷射吸收管的支架板；Further, a bracket plate for fixing the injection absorption pipe is also provided in the exhaust gas treatment area;
所述喷射吸收管依自中心向外的径向方向，包括设置在中心的净化后气体回收管以及套设在所述净化后气体回收管外的夹套，所述夹套的上部位于所述支架板的上方沿夹套的圆周切向设置有废气旋流进口，所述夹套的下部位于所述支架板下方沿夹套的圆周切向设置有吸收液旋流进口；According to the radial direction outward from the center, the jet absorption pipe includes a purified gas recovery pipe arranged in the center and a jacket sleeved outside the purified gas recovery pipe, and the upper part of the jacket is located in the The upper part of the support plate is provided with an exhaust gas swirl inlet tangentially along the circumference of the jacket, and the lower part of the jacket is located below the support plate and is provided with an absorption liquid swirl inlet along the circumference of the jacket;
其中，所述净化后气体回收管的上端伸入到所述气体排出区，所述夹套套设在所述净化后气体回收管的下端，所述净化后气体回收管的下端与所述夹套的下端存在一段距离，并且所述夹套的下端伸入所述排污回收区。Wherein, the upper end of the purified gas recovery pipe extends into the gas discharge area, the jacket is sleeved on the lower end of the purified gas recovery pipe, and the lower end of the purified gas recovery pipe is connected to the jacket There is a distance from the lower end of the jacket, and the lower end of the jacket extends into the sewage recovery area.
进一步地，所述喷射吸收管为多个。Further, there are multiple jet absorption pipes.
进一步地，所述吸收液回流储液罐上还设置有吸收液补充口和水补充口，用于向所述吸收液回流储液罐内供给和补充吸收液。Further, the absorption liquid return liquid storage tank is also provided with an absorption liquid replenishment port and a water replenishment port for supplying and replenishing the absorption liquid into the absorption liquid return liquid storage tank.
本发明系统在工作时，通过风机使系统中形成负压，将使废气进入所述系统，在所述旋流喷射吸收塔中，废气从废气进口切向进入所述旋流喷射吸收塔的尾气处理区位于支架板上部的空间。操作过程中，风机压力控制在2800-3200Pa(优选风机压力控制在3000Pa)，高压废气进入所述旋流喷射吸收塔后在所述尾气处理区位于所述支架板上部的空间形成激烈的气相旋场，进而，废气继续通过设置在所述喷射吸收管的夹套上的废气旋流进口进入所述喷射吸收管内，并在其内部形成气旋。而吸收液则通过水泵同样切向进入所述喷射旋流吸收塔的尾气处理区位于所述支架板下部的空间，操作过程中，控制吸收液供给压力为0.1-0.4MPa(优选吸收液供给压力为0.3MPa)，高压液体形成高压旋流后从位于所述支架板下部空间的吸收液进口切向进入所述喷射吸收管的夹套内，形成液体旋流。在所述喷射吸收管内部，液体旋流与气体旋流由于高速旋转产生接触、碰撞、切割，形成无数的粒径为0.02-0.07mm的吸收液雾状液滴，使得气液接触面积急剧增大，将废气中具有臭味的组进通过吸收液的雾滴进行物理吸附和化学反应吸附，从而将废气中的臭气浓度从500以上降到50以内。其中，臭气浓度定义为，将原始废气作为标准样本，然后用无味的空气对该标准样品进行稀释，当稀释到臭味消失时，稀释的倍数即为臭气的浓度。在处理的过程中，废气中的亚微米级碳黑颗粒同样也能够被雾滴捕集，并且由于旋流产生的离心力作用被甩出后通过排污回收区被排出。而经过处理和净化后的气体，通过所述喷射吸收管中心的气体回收管进入气体排出区后，往后续工艺继续输送。When the system of the present invention is in operation, a negative pressure is formed in the system through the fan, so that the exhaust gas will enter the system. In the swirl jet absorption tower, the exhaust gas enters the tail gas of the swirl jet absorption tower tangentially from the exhaust gas inlet. The processing area is located in the space above the support plate. During operation, the fan pressure is controlled at 2800-3200Pa (preferably the fan pressure is controlled at 3000Pa), and after the high-pressure exhaust gas enters the swirl jet absorption tower, a violent gas phase cyclone is formed in the space above the support plate in the tail gas treatment zone. Then, the exhaust gas continues to enter into the injection absorption pipe through the exhaust gas swirl inlet provided on the jacket of the injection absorption pipe, and forms a cyclone inside the injection absorption pipe. The absorption liquid is also tangentially entered into the exhaust gas treatment area of the jet swirl absorption tower through the water pump, which is located in the space below the support plate. During the operation, the supply pressure of the absorption liquid is controlled to be 0.1-0.4MPa (preferably the supply pressure of the absorption liquid is 0.3MPa), the high-pressure liquid forms a high-pressure swirl flow and enters the jacket of the jet absorption pipe tangentially from the absorption liquid inlet located in the lower space of the support plate to form a liquid swirl flow. Inside the jet absorption tube, the liquid swirl and the gas swirl contact, collide, and cut due to high-speed rotation, forming countless mist droplets of absorbing liquid with a particle size of 0.02-0.07mm, resulting in a sharp increase in the gas-liquid contact area. The odorous components in the exhaust gas are absorbed by the mist droplets of the absorbing liquid for physical adsorption and chemical reaction adsorption, so as to reduce the odor concentration in the exhaust gas from more than 500 to less than 50. Among them, the odor concentration is defined as taking the original waste gas as a standard sample, and then diluting the standard sample with odorless air. When the diluted odor disappears, the dilution ratio is the odor concentration. During the treatment process, the sub-micron carbon black particles in the exhaust gas can also be captured by the mist droplets, and are thrown out due to the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow, and then discharged through the sewage recovery area. The treated and purified gas enters the gas discharge area through the gas recovery pipe in the center of the jet absorption pipe, and then continues to be transported to the subsequent process.
进一步地，还包括排气塔，用于将所述旋流喷射吸收塔顶部排出的气流进行气、液分离。Further, an exhaust tower is also included, which is used for gas and liquid separation of the airflow discharged from the top of the swirl jet absorption tower.
本发明还提供使用前述系统进行橡胶密炼尾气治理的方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for using the aforementioned system for rubber banburying tail gas treatment, comprising the following steps:
(1)废气通过管道从布袋除尘器的气体入口进入，去除废气中粒径范围为0.5μm以上的固体颗粒后，所述废气从所述布袋除尘器顶部的气体出口传输到所述旋流喷射吸收塔；(1) Exhaust gas enters from the gas inlet of the bag filter through a pipeline, and after removing solid particles with a particle size range of 0.5 μm or more in the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is transmitted from the gas outlet at the top of the bag filter to the swirl jet. absorption tower;
(2)所述废气从所述旋流喷射吸收塔上部的气体入口切向进入所述旋流喷射吸收塔的尾气处理区，在所述旋流喷射吸收塔中，所述废气经过所述吸收液的处理，使所述废气中的臭气浓度下降到50以内，同时将所述废气中亚微米级以上的固体颗粒被所述吸收液产生的雾滴捕集，经过净化处理的所述废气从所述气体排出区排出，处理过程中产生的废液通过所述排污回收区排出，进入污水排放管道。(2) The exhaust gas enters the tail gas treatment area of the swirl jet absorption tower tangentially from the gas inlet at the upper part of the swirl jet absorption tower. In the swirl jet absorption tower, the exhaust gas passes through the absorption The odor concentration in the exhaust gas is reduced to less than 50, while the solid particles above the sub-micron level in the exhaust gas are captured by the mist droplets generated by the absorbing liquid, and the purified exhaust gas is It is discharged from the gas discharge area, and the waste liquid generated in the treatment process is discharged through the sewage recovery area and enters the sewage discharge pipeline.
进一步地，还包括将所述气体排出区排出的气流通过管道输送到排气塔，进行气、液分离后，将净化后的气体排放。Further, it also includes transporting the gas flow discharged from the gas discharge area to an exhaust tower through a pipeline, and after gas and liquid separation is performed, the purified gas is discharged.
进一步地，步骤(2)所述吸收液从所述旋流喷射塔的吸收液进口切向进入所述喷射吸收塔，在所述尾气处理区，所述吸收液从所述夹套上的所述吸收液旋流进口进入所述夹套，被形成旋流的所述废气剪切、分散成200-600微米的雾状液滴。Further, in step (2), the absorption liquid enters the jet absorption tower tangentially from the absorption liquid inlet of the swirl jet tower, and in the tail gas treatment area, the absorption liquid passes from all the holes on the jacket. The swirling inlet of the absorption liquid enters the jacket, and is sheared and dispersed into mist droplets of 200-600 microns by the swirling exhaust gas.
进一步地，所述吸收液回流储液罐的输出管道上设置二条分支，二条所述分支上分别设置循环水泵，在所述循环水泵后，二条所述分支合并成一条输出管道向所述旋流喷射吸收塔借给所述吸收液。Further, two branches are set on the output pipeline of the absorbing liquid backflow liquid storage tank, and circulating water pumps are respectively set on the two branches. After the circulating water pump, the two branches are merged into one output pipeline to flow to the swirl. A jet absorption tower lends the absorption liquid.
本发明的有益效果在于：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明的系统，同时结合了布袋除尘器和旋流喷射吸收塔的结构，能够同时对橡胶密炼尾气中的固体颗粒和VOCs污染物实现同时的治理，解决现有技术中的技术难题；1. The system of the present invention, which combines the structure of a bag filter and a swirl jet absorption tower, can simultaneously control the solid particles and VOCs pollutants in the rubber banbury tail gas, and solve the technical problems in the prior art. ;
2、本发明的系统通过对旋流喷射吸收塔内部结构的改进，使气、液在塔内形成高速旋转的旋流进行气、液碰撞，由于液滴比表面积的增大存在突增现象，这使得吸收液与气体之间的化学吸附作用和物理吸附作用存在相互的协同；2. By improving the internal structure of the swirl jet absorption tower, the system of the present invention makes gas and liquid form a high-speed rotating swirl flow in the tower for gas and liquid collision. Due to the increase of the specific surface area of the droplet, there is a sudden increase. This makes the chemical adsorption and physical adsorption between the absorption liquid and the gas synergistic;
3、本发明的系统通过对旋流喷射吸收管结构的改进，通过在分区结构上进行结构的设计，增加了在旋流喷射吸收管内气、液的扰动和碰撞，增加治理效果；3. The system of the present invention increases the disturbance and collision of gas and liquid in the swirl jet absorbing pipe through the improvement of the structure of the swirl jet absorption pipe, and increases the treatment effect by designing the structure on the partition structure;
4、本发明的系统通过在分区结构上进一步设置分子筛吸附层和活性炭吸附层，使得本发明系统对于橡胶密炼尾气的治理效果更加明显，针对是针对布袋除尘器和旋流喷射吸收塔无法处理的污染成分，本发明的旋流喷射吸收塔能够将分子筛吸附、活性吸附、吸附液化学处理、雾滴吸附等物理、化学治理方法进行有效的结合，使这些方法之间相互协同作用，达到对于橡胶密炼尾气治理的最佳效果；4. The system of the present invention further sets a molecular sieve adsorption layer and an activated carbon adsorption layer on the partition structure, so that the system of the present invention has a more obvious treatment effect on the tail gas of rubber banburying. The swirl jet absorption tower of the present invention can effectively combine physical and chemical treatment methods such as molecular sieve adsorption, active adsorption, chemical treatment of adsorption liquid, and droplet adsorption, so that these methods can synergize with each other. The best effect of rubber mixing tail gas treatment;
5、本发明的系统在使用中，由于旋流的配合，本发明摸索出最适合的治理工艺条件，使本发明的旋流喷射吸收塔能够将分子筛吸附、活性吸附、吸附液化学处理、雾滴吸附之间的协同效果达到最佳状态。5. During the use of the system of the present invention, due to the cooperation of the swirl flow, the present invention finds out the most suitable treatment process conditions, so that the swirl jet absorption tower of the present invention can adsorb molecular sieves, active adsorption, adsorption liquid chemical treatment, mist. The synergistic effect between droplet adsorption reaches the best state.
说明书附图Instruction drawings
图1本发明系统的一个优选实施方式的工艺流程图；Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the system of the present invention;
图2本发明系统中旋流喷射吸收塔的一个优选实施方式纵剖面图；Fig. 2 longitudinal sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the swirl jet absorption tower in the system of the present invention;
图3喷射吸收管的一个优选实施方式，其分区结构为网状结构；Fig. 3 is a preferred embodiment of the jet absorption pipe, and its partition structure is a mesh structure;
图4喷射吸收管的一个优选实施方式，其分区结构内侧有翅片；Figure 4 is a preferred embodiment of the jet absorption pipe, with fins on the inner side of its partition structure;
图5喷射吸收管的一个优选实施方式，其分区结构内侧有喷嘴。Figure 5 A preferred embodiment of the jet absorber tube with nozzles on the inside of its partition structure.
1-布袋除尘器；2-旋流喷射吸收塔；3-检测仪表；4-风机；5-排气塔；6-吸收液回流储液罐；7-第一循环水泵；8-第二循环水泵；211-喷射吸收管；212-分区结构。1-bag filter; 2-swirl jet absorption tower; 3-detection instrument; 4-fan; 5-exhaust tower; 6-absorption liquid return liquid storage tank; 7-first circulating water pump; 8-second circulating Water pump; 211 - jet absorption pipe; 212 - partition structure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1所示，本发明所述一种橡胶密炼尾气治理系统的一个优选实施方式，按照废气流动方向，该系统依次包括：布袋除尘器1、旋流喷射吸收塔2、风机4和排气塔5；其中，所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的底部设置有废液排放口，所述废液排放口出口处的管道上设置有检测仪表3，用于检测排出废液中硫酸根离子的浓度，所述管道在检测仪表3后方分为两支，一支将流体传输到污水排放管道，另一支与吸收液回流储液罐6相连接，所述吸收液回流储液罐6还设置有吸收液补充口和水补充口，用于向所述吸收液回流储液罐6中补充吸收液，所述吸收液回流储液罐6的出口管道经过一段后分为二支，其中一支与第一循环水泵7连接，另一支与第二循环水泵8连接，从所述第一循环水泵7和所述第二循环水泵8引出的管道经一段后合并为一根，回流到所述旋流喷射吸收塔2。其中，当第一循环水泵7和第二循环水泵8中的任何一个需要检修时，则另一个能够继续向所述旋流喷射吸收塔2供给吸收液，能够实现整个处理工艺的连续进行，避免频繁停、开车造成的能源浪费。As shown in Figure 1, a preferred embodiment of a rubber banburying tail gas treatment system according to the present invention, according to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the system sequentially includes: a bag filter 1, a swirl jet absorption tower 2, a fan 4 and a discharge Gas tower 5; wherein, the bottom of the swirl jet absorption tower 2 is provided with a waste liquid discharge port, and the pipeline at the outlet of the waste liquid discharge port is provided with a detection instrument 3 for detecting sulfate ions in the discharged waste liquid concentration, the pipeline is divided into two branches at the back of the detection instrument 3, one transmits the fluid to the sewage discharge pipeline, and the other is connected to the absorption liquid return storage tank 6, and the absorption liquid return storage tank 6 also An absorption liquid replenishing port and a water replenishing port are provided for replenishing the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid backflow storage tank 6, and the outlet pipeline of the absorption liquid return liquid storage tank 6 is divided into two branches after a section, and one of them is divided into two branches. One branch is connected to the first circulating water pump 7, and the other branch is connected to the second circulating water pump 8. The pipes drawn from the first circulating water pump 7 and the second circulating water pump 8 are merged into one after a period of time, and return to the second circulating water pump 8. The swirl jet absorption tower 2 is described. Wherein, when any one of the first circulating water pump 7 and the second circulating water pump 8 needs to be repaired, the other can continue to supply the absorption liquid to the swirl jet absorption tower 2, which can realize the continuous progress of the entire treatment process and avoid Energy waste caused by frequent parking and driving.
图2为旋流喷射吸收塔的一种优选实施方式，其中，所述旋流喷射塔2自上而下通过上隔板和下隔板分为隔开为气体排出区、尾气处理区和排污回收区；Fig. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the swirl jet absorption tower, wherein the swirling jet tower 2 is divided into a gas discharge area, a tail gas treatment area and a sewage discharge from top to bottom through an upper clapboard and a lower clapboard recycling area;
所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的废气进口和吸收液进口位于所述尾气处理区，所述尾气处理区还设置有若干喷射吸收管，所述喷射吸收管的上部连接固定在所述上隔板上，并伸入所述气体排出区，所述喷射吸收管的下部连接固定在所述下隔板上，并伸入所述排污回收区。所述尾气处理区内还设置有用于固定所述喷射吸收管211的支架板；The exhaust gas inlet and absorption liquid inlet of the swirl jet absorption tower 2 are located in the exhaust gas treatment area, and the exhaust gas treatment area is also provided with a number of injection absorption pipes, and the upper part of the injection absorption pipes is connected and fixed on the upper baffle The lower part of the jet absorption pipe is connected and fixed on the lower baffle and extends into the sewage recovery area. A bracket plate for fixing the injection absorption pipe 211 is also provided in the exhaust gas treatment area;
图3为喷射吸收管211的一种优选实施方式，所述喷射吸收管211依自中心向外的径向方向，包括设置在中心的净化后气体回收管以及套设在所述净化后气体回收管外的夹套，所述夹套的上部位于所述支架板的上方沿夹套的圆周切向设置有废气旋流进口，所述夹套的下部位于所述支架板下方沿夹套的圆周切向设置有吸收液旋流进口；所述喷射吸收管的夹套位置固定在所述支架板上，其中，所述废气进口位于所述夹套位于所述支架板上部的位置，所述吸收液进口位于所述夹套位于所述支架板下部的位置。FIG. 3 is a preferred embodiment of the injection absorption pipe 211. The injection absorption pipe 211 includes a purified gas recovery pipe disposed in the center and a purified gas recovery pipe sleeved in the radial direction outward from the center. A jacket outside the pipe, the upper part of the jacket is located above the support plate and an exhaust gas swirl inlet is provided tangentially along the circumference of the jacket, and the lower part of the jacket is located below the support plate along the circumference of the jacket An absorption liquid swirl inlet is arranged tangentially; the position of the jacket of the jet absorption pipe is fixed on the support plate, wherein the exhaust gas inlet is located at the position where the jacket is located on the upper part of the support plate, and the absorption The liquid inlet is located where the jacket is located at the lower part of the support plate.
其中，所述净化后气体回收管的上端伸入到所述气体排出区，所述夹套套设在所述净化后气体回收管的下端，所述净化后气体回收管的下端与所述夹套的下端存在一段距离，并且所述夹套的下端伸入所述排污回收区。所述喷射吸收管211的夹套包括二层：套设在所述净化后气体回收管外的气体旋流夹套层；和套设在所述气体旋流夹套层外的吸收液旋流夹套层；其中，所述气体旋流夹套层与所述吸收液旋流夹套层之间为允许液体通过的分区结构212，所述分区结构为网状结构。Wherein, the upper end of the purified gas recovery pipe extends into the gas discharge area, the jacket is sleeved on the lower end of the purified gas recovery pipe, and the lower end of the purified gas recovery pipe is connected to the jacket There is a distance from the lower end of the jacket, and the lower end of the jacket extends into the sewage recovery area. The jacket of the jet absorption pipe 211 includes two layers: a gas swirl jacket layer sleeved outside the purified gas recovery pipe; and an absorption liquid swirl layer sleeved outside the gas swirl jacket layer jacket layer; wherein, between the gas swirl jacket layer and the absorption liquid swirl jacket layer is a partition structure 212 allowing liquid to pass through, and the partition structure is a mesh structure.
所述系统进行工作时，风机4先启动，然后再启动水泵，使所述吸收液从所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的吸收液进口切向进入所述尾气处理区中位于所述支架板下方的区域；由于风机4提供的负压环境使废气先通过布袋除尘器1进入系统，在所述布袋除尘器1将0.5μm以上的固体颗粒除去，经过除尘后的废气从所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的废气进口切向进入所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的尾气处理区中位于所述支架板上方的区域。当废气和吸收液都进入到所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的尾气处理区后，由于支架板的分隔，使废气在所述支架板上部的区域形成气相旋流，而吸收液在所述支架板下部的区域形成液相旋流。其中，气相旋流使废气从若干个所述喷射吸收管211的废气旋流进口切向进入，而液相旋流使吸收液从若干个所述喷射吸收管211的吸收液旋流进口切向进入，在喷射吸收管的夹套内形成气相旋流和液相旋流的碰撞，激烈的旋流和碰撞使吸收液形成雾滴。碰撞的过程中，雾滴由于比表面积的极大增加具有超预期的物理吸附作用，同时结合吸收液成分的化学治理效果，达到对于橡胶密炼尾气的高效处理，同时将其中的颗粒物和臭气成分去除，实现整个橡胶密炼尾气治理工艺的一段式、连续化处理。在喷射吸收管211内，碰撞后的废气由于旋流和密度低，从净化后气体回收管上升到所述气体排出区，进而通过所述旋流喷射吸收塔2的塔顶的气体出口输送到所述排气塔5后，从所述排气塔5的顶部排出净气。在喷射吸收管2内的雾滴经过雾滴之间的碰撞以及与喷射吸收管211内壁的碰撞形成大一些的液滴，液滴通过重力作用下沉后，从所述夹套下端的出口排出到所述排污回收区，然后从所述旋流喷射吸收塔2底部通过管道排出。最佳的处理工艺下，气相旋流和液相旋流的压力条件为，控制吸收液供给压力为0.3Mpa，控制风机压力为3000Pa。When the system is working, the fan 4 is started first, and then the water pump is started, so that the absorption liquid enters the tail gas treatment area tangentially from the absorption liquid inlet of the swirl jet absorption tower 2 and is located below the support plate. Due to the negative pressure environment provided by the fan 4, the exhaust gas first enters the system through the bag filter 1, and the bag filter 1 removes solid particles above 0.5 μm, and the exhaust gas after dedusting is absorbed from the cyclone jet. The exhaust gas inlet of the tower 2 enters tangentially into the region above the support plate in the tail gas treatment zone of the swirl jet absorption tower 2 . When both the exhaust gas and the absorption liquid enter the tail gas treatment area of the swirl jet absorption tower 2, due to the separation of the support plates, the exhaust gas forms a gas-phase swirl in the upper region of the support plate, while the absorption liquid is in the support plate. The lower region of the plate forms a liquid phase swirl. Wherein, the gas phase swirl causes the exhaust gas to enter tangentially from the exhaust gas swirl inlets of the plurality of jet absorption pipes 211 , and the liquid phase swirl causes the absorption liquid to enter tangentially from the absorption liquid swirl inlets of the plurality of jet absorption pipes 211 . Entering, the collision of gas phase swirl and liquid phase swirl is formed in the jacket of the jet absorption tube, and the intense swirl and collision make the absorption liquid form mist droplets. During the collision, the droplets have an unexpected physical adsorption effect due to the great increase in the specific surface area. At the same time, combined with the chemical treatment effect of the absorbing liquid components, the efficient treatment of rubber banbury tail gas can be achieved. The components are removed to realize the one-stage and continuous treatment of the entire rubber banburying tail gas treatment process. In the jet absorption pipe 211, the collided exhaust gas rises from the purified gas recovery pipe to the gas discharge area due to the swirling flow and low density, and is then transported to the gas outlet through the top of the swirling jet absorption tower 2. After the exhaust tower 5, the clean air is discharged from the top of the exhaust tower 5. The droplets in the jet absorption tube 2 form larger droplets through the collision between the droplets and the collision with the inner wall of the jet absorption tube 211. After the droplets sink by gravity, they are discharged from the outlet at the lower end of the jacket. to the sewage recovery area, and then discharged from the bottom of the swirl jet absorption tower 2 through a pipeline. Under the optimal treatment process, the pressure conditions of gas-phase swirl and liquid-phase swirl are as follows: control the supply pressure of the absorbing liquid to be 0.3Mpa, and control the fan pressure to be 3000Pa.
通过所述检测仪表3对管道内的废液进行硫酸根离子浓度的检测，当废液中硫酸根的浓度质量百分比≥90％时，将废液通过一支管道传输到污水排放管道；当废液中硫酸根的浓度质量百分比＜90％时，判定废液能够用于回收作为吸收液循环利用，因此，通过控制中心来控制阀门的开、合将废液通过另一支管道传输到所述吸收液回收储液罐，进行回收利用。The detection instrument 3 is used to detect the concentration of sulfate ions in the waste liquid in the pipeline. When the concentration mass percentage of sulfate in the waste liquid is greater than or equal to 90%, the waste liquid is transferred to the sewage discharge pipeline through a pipeline; When the concentration mass percentage of sulfate in the liquid is less than 90%, it is determined that the waste liquid can be recycled as absorption liquid. Therefore, the opening and closing of the valve are controlled by the control center to transfer the waste liquid to the The absorption liquid is recovered from the storage tank for recycling.
如图4为喷射吸收管211的另一种优选实施方式，在所述分区结构212为带孔的结构时，所述孔的开口端的靠下一侧、朝向所述净化后气体回收管方向还设置有倾斜向上的翅片。FIG. 4 shows another preferred embodiment of the jet absorption pipe 211. When the partition structure 212 is a structure with holes, the lower side of the opening end of the hole, toward the purified gas recovery pipe, is also Provided with fins that are inclined upward.
图5为喷射吸收管211的另一个优选实施方式，在所述分区结构212为带孔的结构时，所述孔的开口端、朝向所述净化后气体回收管方向还设置有凸起的喷嘴。更优选地，所述分区结212构朝向所述净化后气体回收管方向的内壁上还设置有间隔配置的分子筛吸附层和活性炭吸附层。所述分区结构212的设计能够进一步增强在所述喷射吸收管内的气、液碰撞，通过在所述分区结构上进行结构的改进能够进一步增强所述喷射吸收管内气体和液体的扰动，从而极大限度的增加雾滴的产生，当雾滴的粒径达到200-210微米时，雾滴的比表面积陡增，使本发明系统对于橡胶密炼尾气的治理出现超预期的处理效果，臭气浓度进一步降低到55-50的范围。由于雾滴细化使雾滴的比表面积增大，使得在气体、液体接触、碰撞过程中，不仅吸收液能够对于气体进行化学处理，同时还能够将布袋除尘器无法清除的细微颗粒吸附到所述雾滴中。同时，通过分子筛吸附层和活性炭吸附层的设置，使气体中不易被吸附液和布袋除尘器去除的其他污染物通过物理吸附作用得到去除。FIG. 5 shows another preferred embodiment of the jet absorption pipe 211. When the partition structure 212 is a structure with holes, the open end of the hole is also provided with a convex nozzle in the direction of the purified gas recovery pipe. . More preferably, a molecular sieve adsorption layer and an activated carbon adsorption layer arranged at intervals are further provided on the inner wall of the partition structure 212 toward the direction of the purified gas recovery pipe. The design of the partition structure 212 can further enhance the collision of gas and liquid in the jet absorption pipe, and the structural improvement on the partition structure can further enhance the disturbance of gas and liquid in the injection absorption pipe, thereby greatly enhancing the gas and liquid disturbance in the injection absorption pipe. The generation of droplets is increased to the limit. When the particle size of the droplets reaches 200-210 microns, the specific surface area of the droplets increases sharply, so that the system of the present invention has an unexpected treatment effect on the treatment of rubber banbury tail gas, and the concentration of odor. Further down to the 55-50 range. Due to the refinement of the droplets, the specific surface area of the droplets increases, so that in the process of gas and liquid contact and collision, not only the absorbing liquid can chemically treat the gas, but also the fine particles that cannot be removed by the bag filter can be adsorbed to the air. in the mist droplets. At the same time, through the setting of the molecular sieve adsorption layer and the activated carbon adsorption layer, other pollutants in the gas that are not easily removed by the adsorption liquid and the bag filter can be removed by physical adsorption.
其中，所述吸收液优选为弱碱性液体或弱碱性缓冲溶液，包括氢氧化铝或氢氧化铁溶液中的任意一种。所述吸收液的质量百分比浓度优选在0.01-0.1％。Wherein, the absorption liquid is preferably a weak alkaline liquid or a weak alkaline buffer solution, including any one of aluminum hydroxide or ferric hydroxide solution. The mass percentage concentration of the absorbing liquid is preferably 0.01-0.1%.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.
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