CN109897766A - Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method - Google Patents
Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109897766A CN109897766A CN201910245449.7A CN201910245449A CN109897766A CN 109897766 A CN109897766 A CN 109897766A CN 201910245449 A CN201910245449 A CN 201910245449A CN 109897766 A CN109897766 A CN 109897766A
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- desanding
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and methods.Wherein, system includes: sorting unit, oily-water seperating equipment, hydrolysis desanding device, heat-exchanger rig and anaerobic ferment devices, hydrolyzing desanding device has de-oiling injection point, foul smell outlet, sand removing hole and hydrolysis desanding serum outlet, and hydrolysis desanding device outer surface is equipped with insulating layer；Heat-exchanger rig hydrolyzes desanding serum outlet after having temperature sensor, circulating pump, hydrolysis desanding injection point, cryogenic media entrance, high-temperature medium outlet and heat exchange, circulating pump is set at cryogenic media entrance, temperature sensor hydrolyzes at desanding serum outlet after being set to heat exchange, and temperature sensor is based on the aperture for hydrolyzing the temperature control cycles pump at desanding serum outlet after heat exchange；Anaerobic ferment devices hydrolyze desanding injection point, methane outlet and digestive juice outlet after having heat exchange.It is remarkably improved the efficiency and effect for carrying out anaerobic fermentation to kitchen garbage using the system, and avoids energy waste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical technology fields, in particular to anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method.
Background technique
Anaerobic fermentation has biggish development as a kind of green environmental protection technique at home in the past 20 years.Utilize pretreatment
Efficient separation technology meets anaerobic fermentation requirement, while isolating industrial crude oil rouge, then utilizes the thick oil and fat preparation biology of industry
Diesel oil is efficiently degraded organic waste utilization using anaerobe, is generated clean energy resource gas and Nutrition Soil, not only can
The problem of enough meeting the needs of today's society people are to environmental protection, kitchen garbage processing can also be efficiently solved.
However, carrying out Anaerobic Treatment to kitchen garbage at present, there are following technical problems: the kitchen after pretreatment sorting
There are a large amount of heavy sand settings in rubbish slurries, and bottom can be deposited on by accumulating over a long period in anaerobic fermentation system operation, and it is fixed to need
Phase carries out clear tank, not only influences normal production, also will increase operating cost, after usually carrying out desanding to kitchen garbage slurries in advance
It is hydrolyzed again, finally heated carry out anaerobic fermentation.Currently, most anaerobic fermentation tanks add using outside the steel tank of ground
Heat preservation, whole cost of investment is higher, and conventional anaerobic fermentation tank and biogas container is arranged apart, and as Class A facility,
Firebreak is big when arrangement, takes up a large area, and investment is high；It needs kitchen garbage slurries being heated to 80 when in addition, extracting grease
Degree Celsius or more, heat largely scatters and disappears in subsequent progress desanding and hydrolytic process, causes energy waste.In conclusion kitchen
Garbage anaerobic fermentation system is still further improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, of the invention
One purpose is to propose anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and method.Anaerobic fermentation is carried out to kitchen garbage using the system
When, it can use the high temperature of de-oiling slurries not only to improve the efficiency of hydrolysis desanding processing, shorten hydrolysis desanding and handle the time, also
Particle loaded fluid can be removed to hydrolysis by heat-exchanger rig to cool down, make to hydrolyze desanding while meeting anaerobic fermentation required temperature
Heat entrained by slurries is recycled.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste systems.According to this hair
Bright embodiment, the system include:
Sorting unit, the sorting unit have kitchen garbage entrance, inorganic refuse outlet and kitchen garbage serum outlet；
Oily-water seperating equipment, the oily-water seperating equipment have kitchen garbage injection point, crude oil outlet and de-oiling slurries
Outlet, the kitchen garbage injection point are connected with the kitchen garbage serum outlet；
Desanding device is hydrolyzed, there is the hydrolysis desanding device de-oiling injection point, foul smell outlet, sand removing hole and hydrolysis to remove
Particle loaded fluid outlet, the hydrolysis desanding device outer surface are equipped with insulating layer, and the de-oiling injection point and the foul smell export position
In the hydrolysis desanding device top, the sand removing hole is located at the hydrolysis desanding device bottom, and the hydrolysis goes out except particle loaded fluid
Mouth is located at the hydrolysis desanding device middle and lower part, and the de-oiling injection point is connected with the de-oiling serum outlet；
Heat-exchanger rig, the heat-exchanger rig have temperature sensor, circulating pump, hydrolysis desanding injection point, cryogenic media
Desanding serum outlet, the hydrolysis desanding injection point and the hydrolysis desanding are hydrolyzed after entrance, high-temperature medium outlet and heat exchange
Serum outlet is connected, and the circulating pump is set at the cryogenic media entrance, and the temperature sensor is set to the heat exchange
It hydrolyzes at desanding serum outlet afterwards, the temperature sensor is based on the temperature control hydrolyzed at desanding serum outlet after the heat exchange
The aperture of the circulating pump；
Anaerobic ferment devices, the anaerobic ferment devices hydrolyze desanding injection point, methane outlet after having heat exchange and disappear
Change liquid outlet, desanding injection point is hydrolyzed after the heat exchange and is connected with hydrolysis desanding serum outlet after the heat exchange.
The anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system according to that above embodiment of the present invention, by directly supplying de-oiling slurries
Desanding processing is hydrolyzed into hydrolysis desanding device, the silt particle in de-oiling slurries not only can effectively be discharged, make subsequent anaerobism
Installation for fermenting persistently operates normally, to prevent clear tank, reduces whole maintenance expense, the height that can also be carried using de-oiling slurries
Temperature shortens to improve the efficiency that hydrolysis desanding is handled and hydrolyzes the desanding processing time, while hydrolyzing the setting of desanding device outer surface
Insulating layer can also further decrease the thermal loss during hydrolysis desanding, guarantee hydrolysis efficiency；In addition, being filled in anaerobic fermentation
Upstream setting heat-exchanger rig is set to hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid cools down, water can be made while meeting anaerobic fermentation required temperature
Heat entrained by particle loaded fluid is released to be recycled；Further, by the way that temperature sensor is arranged in heat-exchanger rig and follows
Ring pump hydrolyzes the aperture (including start and stop) that the temperature control control loop at desanding serum outlet pumps after being also based on heat exchange,
And then it is capable of the dosage of flexible modulation cryogenic media according to the actual situation, hydrolysis removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid after accurate control heat exchange,
Guarantee the effect of anaerobic fermentation processing.The effect handled kitchen garbage can not only be significantly improved using the system as a result,
Rate and effect can also avoid energy waste.
In addition, anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional skill
Art feature:
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydrolysis desanding device is ground epicone bottom structure, including tank body, tapered bottom
Seat and support construction, wherein the tank body is located at the tapered pedestal top, and the support construction is set to the sloped footing
Side wall on, the tank body and the tapered base outer surface are equipped with the insulating layer, the de-oiling injection point and described
Foul smell outlet is located at the tank body top, and the hydrolysis desanding serum outlet is located at the tank body lower part, and the sand removing hole is located at
The tapered base bottom.Thus it not only can significantly shorten the time of hydrolysis desanding processing and further increase hydrolysis acidification
Effect, moreover it is possible to further increase the utilization rate of thermal energy.
In some embodiments of the invention, the taper of the tapered pedestal is 0.8~1.
In some embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic ferment devices include fermentation vat, membrane type gas holder, blender and dimension
Hole is repaired, the fermentation vat is underground reinforced concrete structure, and the membrane type gas holder is connected with the fermentation vat top seal, described
Blender is arranged diagonally downward, and desanding injection point is hydrolyzed after the heat exchange and digestive juice outlet is located under the fermentation vat
Portion, the methane outlet are located at the fermentation vat top.Thus it not only can be further improved fermentation efficiency, can also reduce whole
Body occupied area reduces cost of investment.
In some embodiments of the invention, the angle of the blender and vertical direction is 30~60 degree.
In some embodiments of the invention, the membrane type gas holder is the double-deck membrane type air bag.It is possible thereby to significantly reduce oxygen
Thermal loss in installation for fermenting.
In some embodiments of the invention, the heat-exchanger rig is bushing type muddy water heat exchanger.
In some embodiments of the invention, desanding injection point is hydrolyzed after the heat exchange pass through feed pump and the heat exchange
Hydrolysis desanding serum outlet is connected afterwards.
In some embodiments of the invention, the hydrolysis desanding device further comprises the first liquid level sensor, described
First liquid level sensor controls the aperture of the feed pump based on the liquid level of the hydrolysis desanding device.
In some embodiments of the invention, first liquid level sensor is ultrasonic liquid level sensor.
In some embodiments of the invention, the digestive juice exit is equipped with discharging pump.
In some embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic ferment devices further comprise the second liquid level sensor, described
Second liquid level sensor controls the aperture of the discharging pump based on the liquid level of the anaerobic ferment devices.
In some embodiments of the invention, second liquid level sensor is ultrasonic liquid level sensor.
According to the second aspect of the invention, anaerobism is carried out to kitchen garbage using above system the invention proposes a kind of
The method of fermentation.According to an embodiment of the invention, this method comprises:
(1) kitchen garbage is supplied to the sorting unit and carries out sorting process, to obtain inorganic refuse and kitchen rubbish
Rubbish slurries；
(2) the kitchen garbage slurries are supplied to the oily-water seperating equipment and carries out water-oil separating processing, to obtain
Crude oil and de-oiling slurries；
(3) the de-oiling slurries are supplied to the hydrolysis desanding device and desanding processing is hydrolyzed, to obtain foul smell
Particle loaded fluid is removed with hydrolysis；
(4) by the hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid supplies to the heat-exchanger rig and carries out heat exchange processing, so as to water after being exchanged heat
Release particle loaded fluid；
(5) hydrolysis after the heat exchange is subjected to anaerobic fermentation processing except particle loaded fluid is supplied to the anaerobic ferment devices, with
Just biogas and digestive juice are obtained.
The method that anaerobic fermentation is carried out to kitchen garbage according to that above embodiment of the present invention, by directly by de-oiling
Slurries, which are supplied into hydrolysis desanding device, is hydrolyzed desanding processing, and the silt particle in de-oiling slurries not only can effectively be discharged, make
Subsequent anaerobic fermentation processing is lasting to be operated normally, to prevent clear tank, is reduced whole maintenance expense, can also be utilized de-oiling slurries
The high temperature of carrying shortens to improve the efficiency that hydrolysis desanding is handled and hydrolyzes the desanding processing time, while can also be removed using hydrolyzing
The insulating layer of sand device outer surface setting further decreases the thermal loss during hydrolysis desanding, guarantees hydrolysis efficiency；In addition,
Particle loaded fluid is removed to hydrolysis using heat-exchanger rig before carrying out anaerobic fermentation processing to cool down, and can meet anaerobic fermentation institute
It needs to recycle hydrolysis except heat entrained by particle loaded fluid；Further, may be used also in the treatment process that exchanges heat
With the aperture (including start and stop) pumped based on the temperature control control loop hydrolyzed after heat exchange at desanding serum outlet, and then being capable of root
According to the dosage of actual conditions flexible modulation cryogenic media, hydrolysis removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid after accurate control heat exchange, guarantees anaerobism hair
The effect of ferment processing.The efficiency and effect handled kitchen garbage can not only be significantly improved using this method as a result, also
It can be to avoid energy waste.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), the temperature of the hydrolysis desanding processing is 60~80 DEG C, when
Between be 1~3 day.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (5), anaerobic fermentation processing be high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing or
The temperature of intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing, the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing is 53~57 DEG C, the intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing
Temperature is 35~39 DEG C.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system structure diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of hydrolysis desanding device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of anaerobic ferment devices according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system partial structural diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram according to an embodiment of the invention that anaerobic fermentation is carried out to kitchen garbage.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste systems.According to this hair
Bright embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1-2, the system include: sorting unit 100, oily-water seperating equipment 200, hydrolysis desanding device
300, heat-exchanger rig 400 and anaerobic ferment devices 500.Wherein, sorting unit 100 has kitchen garbage entrance 110, inorganic refuse
Outlet 120 and kitchen garbage serum outlet 130；There is oily-water seperating equipment 200 kitchen garbage injection point 210, crude oil to export
220 and de-oiling serum outlet 230, kitchen garbage injection point 210 be connected with kitchen garbage serum outlet 130；Hydrolyze desanding dress
Setting 300 has de-oiling injection point 310, foul smell outlet 320, sand removing hole 330 and hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 340, hydrolyzes desanding
Outside of deivce face is equipped with insulating layer 350, and de-oiling injection point 310 and foul smell outlet 320 are located at hydrolysis 300 top of desanding device,
Sand removing hole 330 is located at hydrolysis 330 bottom of desanding device, under hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 340 is located in hydrolysis desanding device 300
Portion, de-oiling injection point 310 are connected with de-oiling serum outlet 230；Heat-exchanger rig 400 has temperature sensor 410, circulating pump
420, it hydrolyzes after hydrolyzing desanding injection point 430, cryogenic media entrance 440, high-temperature medium outlet 450 and heat exchange except particle loaded fluid goes out
Mouth 460, hydrolysis desanding injection point 430 are connected with hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 340, and circulating pump 430 is set to cryogenic media and enters
At mouth 440, temperature sensor 410 hydrolyzes at desanding serum outlet 460 after being set to heat exchange, and temperature sensor 410 is based on heat exchange
The aperture of the temperature control cycles pump 420 at desanding serum outlet 460 is hydrolyzed afterwards；Anaerobic ferment devices 500 have water after heat exchange
Particle loaded fluid entrance 510, methane outlet 520 and digestive juice outlet 530 are released, desanding injection point 510 and heat exchange are hydrolyzed after heat exchange
Hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 460 is connected afterwards.
Anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system according to the above embodiment of the present invention, by directly supplying de-oiling slurries to water
Desanding processing is hydrolyzed in solution desanding device 300, the silt particle in de-oiling slurries not only can effectively be discharged, sends out subsequent anaerobism
Ferment device 500 persistently operates normally, to prevent clear tank, reduces whole maintenance expense, can also be carried using de-oiling slurries
High temperature shortens to improve the efficiency that hydrolysis desanding is handled and hydrolyzes the desanding processing time, while hydrolyzing 300 outer surface of desanding device and setting
The insulating layer 350 set can also further decrease the thermal loss during hydrolysis desanding, guarantee hydrolysis efficiency；In addition, detesting
400 pairs of heat-exchanger rig hydrolysis are arranged except particle loaded fluid cools down in 500 upstream of aerobe fermentation device, can meet needed for anaerobic fermentation
Recycle hydrolysis except heat entrained by particle loaded fluid；Further, by being set in heat-exchanger rig 400
Temperature sensor 410 and circulating pump 420 are set, the temperature control hydrolyzed at desanding serum outlet 460 after heat exchange is also based on and controls
The aperture (including start and stop) of circulating pump 420 processed, and then it is capable of the dosage of flexible modulation cryogenic media according to the actual situation, it is accurate to control
Hydrolysis removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid after system heat exchange, to guarantee the efficiency and effect of anaerobic fermentation processing.As a result, not using the system
The efficiency and effect handled kitchen garbage can be only significantly improved, energy waste can also be avoided.
It is described in detail below with reference to the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system of Fig. 1-4 pairs of the above embodiment of the present invention.
Sorting unit 100 and oily-water seperating equipment 200
Sorting process is carried out according to an embodiment of the invention, kitchen garbage can be supplied to sorting unit 100, obtains nothing
Then kitchen garbage slurries are supplied to oily-water seperating equipment 200 and carry out water-oil separating processing by machine rubbish and kitchen garbage slurries,
Obtain crude oil and de-oiling slurries；Wherein, draining can be carried out to kitchen garbage in advance when carrying out sorting process to kitchen garbage, so
Inorganic matter is isolated in roughing afterwards, then remaining organic waste is crushed and is heated, and obtains kitchen garbage slurries；To kitchen rubbish
Rubbish slurries, which carry out the crude oil that separating treatment obtains, can be used for preparing biodiesel etc.；Furthermore it is possible to in separation treatment process
Possible remaining a small amount of solid organic carries out carbonization treatment, to obtain the recycling substance such as Nutrition Soil.It is possible thereby to the greatest extent
The utility in recycling kitchen garbage more than possible；It should be noted that kitchen garbage slurries further include the oil that draining obtains
Water.
Hydrolyze desanding device 300
It is removed according to an embodiment of the invention, de-oiling slurries can be directly heat-fed to hydrolysis desanding device 300 to be hydrolyzed
Sand processing obtains foul smell and hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid.Thus the silt particle in de-oiling slurries not only can effectively be discharged, make subsequent anaerobism
Installation for fermenting 500 persistently operates normally, and the efficiency of hydrolysis desanding processing can also be improved using the high temperature that de-oiling slurries carry,
Shorten hydrolysis desanding and handle the time, while the insulating layer 350 for hydrolyzing the setting of 300 outer surface of desanding device can also further decrease
The thermal loss during desanding is hydrolyzed, without can guarantee hydrolysis efficiency except particle loaded fluid is heated to hydrolysis.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, hydrolysis desanding device 300 can be cone bear building-up on the ground
Structure, including tank body 360, tapered pedestal 370 and support construction 380, wherein tank body 360 is located at tapered 370 top of pedestal, support
Structure 380 is set on the side wall of sloped footing 370, and tank body 360 and 370 outer surface of tapered pedestal are equipped with insulating layer 350, is taken off
Oily injection point 310 and foul smell outlet 320 are located at 360 top of tank body, and hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 340 is located at 360 lower part of tank body,
Sand removing hole 330 is located at tapered 370 bottom of pedestal.By using the hydrolysis desanding device of above structure in the present invention, not only more have
Conducive to the silt particle sedimentation made in de-oiling slurries, the separation of solid and liquid of de-oiling slurries is can be realized in mesh screen structure that no setting is required, significant to drop
Low in hydrolysis is except the silt in particle loaded fluid；De-oiling slurries fast hydrolyzing can also be made to be acidified, can make to starch without carrying out heat treatment
Larger molecular organics fast degradation in liquid is soluble small organic molecule.Thus hydrolysis desanding not only can significantly be shortened
The time of processing and the effect for further increasing hydrolysis acidification, moreover it is possible to further increase the utilization rate of thermal energy.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, the taper of tapered pedestal 370 can be 0.8~1.Invention human hair
It is existing, since sloped footing is vacantly arranged and is supported by support construction, if the taper of tapered pedestal 370 is too small, same treatment ability
The height for being lauched solution sand removing tank is higher, is not only easy to appear top-heavy situation, not good for system stability, and due to desilting
Space is smaller, the silt particle sedimentation being unfavorable in de-oiling slurries；And when the taper of tapered pedestal 370 is excessive, the bottom of sloped footing
Face diameter is relatively large, causes gravitational effects poor, and silt is easy to happen blocking after depositing on tapered pedestal, and desanding work is difficult to
It goes on smoothly, is unfavorable for the stable operation of system.By controlling tapered pedestal 370 and tank body 360 as above structure in the present invention
Parameter not only may insure that hydrolysis desanding device has preferable desanding effect, can also further increase hydrolysis desanding device
Stability.It should be noted that heretofore described taper refer to sloped footing basal diameter (internal diameter and outer diameter
Average value) ratio with the height of tapered pedestal.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, support construction 380 can be more support columns, it is more
Root support column and tapered pedestal 370 can be reinforced concrete structure, and tank body 360 can be steel tank.Pass through in the present invention
It not only can achieve preferable support effect as support construction using more pillars, also will not influence sediment outflow process, and pass through
Support column and sloped footing are formed using armored concrete, can be further improved the stability of hydrolysis desanding device.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, hydrolyzing the temperature in desanding device 300 is 60~80 degrees Celsius, water
The time for solving desanding processing is 1~3 day.Wherein, when carrying out water-oil separating processing to kitchen garbage slurries, it usually needs by kitchen
Rubbish slurries are heated to 80 degrees Celsius or more, such as 80~110 degrees Celsius, the high temperature for handling water-oil separating in the present invention
De-oiling slurries, which are directly heat-fed into hydrolysis desanding device 300, is hydrolyzed desanding processing, and hydrolyzes 300 outer surface of desanding device and set
The thermal loss in hydrolysis desanding device can be significantly reduced in the insulating layer set, make the temperature for hydrolyzing desanding processing be maintained at 60~
80 degrees Celsius, it is possible thereby to significantly improve the efficiency of hydrolysis acidification, shorten the time of hydrolysis desanding processing.Further, de-oiling
Injection point 310 can be connected with de-oiling serum outlet 230 by utilidor, be existed it is possible thereby to further decrease de-oiling slurries
Thermal loss in transmission process.
Heat-exchanger rig 400
According to an embodiment of the invention, hydrolysis can be carried out heat exchange processing except particle loaded fluid is supplied to heat-exchanger rig 400, obtain
Hydrolysis removes particle loaded fluid after to heat exchange.Carrying out Anaerobic Treatment to rubbish anaerobic hydrolysate can be high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing or medium temperature
Anaerobic fermentation processing, the temperature of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing are 53~57 DEG C, and the temperature of intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing is 35~39
DEG C, in the present invention, the hydrolysis being discharged from hydrolysis desanding device 300 should not be carried out directly except particle loaded fluid is 60~80 degrees Celsius
Anaerobic fermentation processing not only can satisfy needed for anaerobic fermentation hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid cools down by using heat-exchanger rig
Temperature condition can also be such that hydrolysis is recycled except heat entrained by particle loaded fluid；In addition, by being filled in heat exchange in the present invention
It sets and temperature sensor 410 and circulating pump 420 is set in 400, be also based on the temperature hydrolyzed at desanding serum outlet after exchanging heat
And the aperture (including start and stop) of flexible control loop pump is controlled in conjunction with preset anaerobic fermentation temperature, for example, detesting when carrying out high temperature
When aerobe fermentation (53~57 DEG C), the aperture of circulating pump can be made to become smaller, reduce the dosage of cryogenic media；When progress anaeration in normal temperature hair
When ferment (35~39 DEG C), the aperture of circulating pump can be made to become larger, increase the dosage of cryogenic media；Hydrolysis removes particle loaded fluid after heat exchange
When temperature needed for the temperature in exit is higher than anaerobic fermentation, the aperture of circulating pump can be increased, improve the dosage of cryogenic media；
When hydrolyzing the temperature at desanding serum outlet after heat exchange lower than temperature needed for anaerobic fermentation, opening for circulating pump can reduce
Degree, reduces the dosage of cryogenic media.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, heat-exchanger rig 400 can be bushing type muddy water heat exchanger, thus may be used
To further increase heat exchange efficiency.In addition, the type of temperature sensor 410 and circulating pump 420 is not limited especially in the present invention
System, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, for example, temperature sensor 410 can be resistance and temperature
Sensor, circulating pump 420 can be pipeline pump, and heat transferring medium can be water.
Anaerobic ferment devices 500
According to an embodiment of the invention, hydrolysis after heat exchange can be carried out anaerobism except particle loaded fluid is supplied to anaerobic ferment devices
Fermentation process obtains biogas and digestive juice.Wherein it is possible to further using filter press, drier and carbonizing plant to digestive juice
Filters pressing, drying and carbonization treatment are carried out, the recycling substance such as Nutrition Soil is obtained, it is possible thereby to further increase kitchen garbage
Utilization rate.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in figure 3, anaerobic ferment devices 500 may include fermentation vat
540, membrane type gas holder 550, blender 560 and maintenance pit 570, fermentation vat 540 are underground reinforced concrete structure, membrane type gas holder
550 are connected with 540 top seal of fermentation vat, and blender 560 is arranged diagonally downward, and 510 He of desanding injection point is hydrolyzed after heat exchange
Digestive juice outlet 530 is located at 540 lower part of fermentation vat, and methane outlet 520 is located at 540 top of fermentation vat.By that will send out in the present invention
Ferment pond is integrated with biogas gas holder, and uses underground steel and concrete structure, can not only reduce whole occupied area, can also reduce
Cost of investment；In addition, by the way that blender diagonally downward is further arranged in fermentation vat, it can also be to the slurries in fermentation vat
It is stirred, further increases fermentation efficiency.
The angle of another specific embodiment according to the present invention, blender 560 and vertical direction can be 30~60 degree,
Such as can be 30 degree, 35 degree, 40 degree, 45 degree, 50 degree, 55 degree or 60 degree, it is possible thereby in the direction to the slurry in fermentation vat
Liquid is stirred, to further increase fermentation efficiency.Further, the present invention in blender 560 type and quantity not
It is particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, for example, blender 560 can be oar blade type
Blender, the number of blender 560 can be 2~3, preferably be evenly arranged in fermentation vat, it is possible thereby to further mention
Mixing effect of the height to slurries.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, membrane type gas holder 550 can be duplicature formula air bag, thus not only may be used
To play preferable sealing effect, the thermal loss in anaerobic ferment devices can also be significantly reduced, to significantly improve anaerobism
The efficiency and effect of fermentation process.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in figure 4, hydrolysis desanding injection point 510 can be with after heat exchange
Be connected by hydrolysis desanding serum outlet 460 after feed pump 600 and heat exchange, hydrolyzing desanding device 300 may further include the
One liquid level sensor 390, the first liquid level sensor 390 can control feed pump based on the liquid level of hydrolysis desanding device 300
600 aperture (including start and stop), thus, it is possible to control the pause of feed pump 600 according to the actual situation, start and be delivered to anaerobism
Hydrolysis removes the flow velocity of particle loaded fluid after heat exchange in installation for fermenting, for example, when the liquid level in hydrolysis desanding device is lower than minimum
When critical point, feed pump can be closed, when the liquid level in hydrolysis desanding device is higher, can suitably increase feed pump
Aperture.Further, the type of feed pump 600 and the first liquid level sensor 390 is not particularly restricted in the present invention, this field
Technical staff can select according to actual needs, for example, feed pump 600 can be impeller pump or Pulp pump, the first liquid level
Sensor 390 can be ultrasonic liquid level sensor, it is possible thereby to further be conducive to accurately control supply to anaerobic fermentation dress
Hydrolysis removes the rate and flow of particle loaded fluid after the heat exchange set.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in figure 4, discharging pump can be equipped at digestive juice outlet 530
700, anaerobic ferment devices 500 may further include the second liquid level sensor 580, and the second liquid level sensor 580 can be based on
The aperture (including start and stop) of the liquid level control discharging pump 700 of anaerobic ferment devices 500, it is possible thereby to control according to the actual situation
The output quantity of pause, the starting and digestive juice of discharging pump 700 processed, for example, when the liquid level in anaerobic ferment devices is lower than most
When low point of proximity, discharging pump can be closed, when the liquid level in anaerobic ferment devices is higher, can suitably increase discharging pump
Aperture.Further, the type of discharging pump 700 and the second liquid level sensor 580 is not particularly restricted in the present invention, ability
Field technique personnel can select according to actual needs, for example, discharging pump 700 is can be with screw pump, the second liquid level sensor
580 be ultrasonic liquid level sensor, it is possible thereby to further be conducive to the output speed and output quantity that accurately control digestive juice.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention can be set temperature sensor around fermentation vat 540 and multilayer add
Heat pipe (not shown), temperature sensor can control the start and stop of Multi-layer warming pipe based on the temperature in anaerobic ferment devices, for example,
When the temperature in anaerobic ferment devices is lower than set fermentation temperature, Multi-layer warming pipe opens concurrent heating；When in anaerobic ferment devices
Temperature when being within the scope of set fermentation temperature, Multi-layer warming pipe stops working, it is possible thereby to further be conducive to accurately control
The temperature of anaerobic fermentation processed, it is ensured that the efficiency and effect of anaerobic fermentation.
According to the second aspect of the invention, anaerobism is carried out to kitchen garbage using above system the invention proposes a kind of
The method of fermentation.According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 5, this method comprises: (1) supplies kitchen garbage to sorting dress
Carry out sorting process is set, to obtain inorganic refuse and kitchen garbage slurries；(2) kitchen garbage slurries are supplied to water-oil separating
Device carries out water-oil separating processing, to obtain crude oil and de-oiling slurries；(3) by de-oiling slurries supply to hydrolysis desanding device into
Row hydrolysis desanding processing, to obtain foul smell and hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid；(4) hydrolysis is carried out except particle loaded fluid is supplied to heat-exchanger rig
Heat exchange processing, so that hydrolysis removes particle loaded fluid after exchange heat；(5) by hydrolysis after heat exchange except particle loaded fluid is supplied to anaerobic ferment devices
Anaerobic fermentation processing is carried out, to obtain biogas and digestive juice.
Accord to a specific embodiment of that present invention, to kitchen garbage carry out sorting process when can in advance to kitchen garbage into
Row draining, then inorganic matter is isolated in roughing, then remaining organic waste is crushed and is heated, and obtains kitchen garbage slurry
Liquid；Carrying out the crude oil that separating treatment obtains to kitchen garbage slurries can be used for preparing biodiesel etc.；Furthermore it is possible to sorting
The digestive juice that possible remaining a small amount of solid organic and anaerobic fermentation obtain in treatment process carries out carbonization treatment, obtains nutrition
The recycling substance such as soil.It is possible thereby to the utility in recycling kitchen garbage as much as possible.It should be noted that kitchen
Rubbish slurries further include the grease that draining obtains.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, in step (3), the temperature of hydrolysis desanding processing can be 60~80
DEG C, the time can be 1~3 day.When carrying out water-oil separating processing to kitchen garbage slurries, it usually needs add kitchen garbage slurries
Heat is to 80 degrees Celsius or more, such as 80~110 degrees Celsius, is starched in the present invention by the high temperature de-oiling for handling water-oil separating
Liquid, which is directly heat-fed into hydrolysis desanding device, is hydrolyzed desanding processing, and is arranged using hydrolysis 300 outer surface of desanding device
Insulating layer heat preservation, can be significantly reduced hydrolysis desanding device in thermal loss, make hydrolyze desanding processing temperature be maintained at
60~80 degrees Celsius, it is possible thereby to significantly improve the efficiency of hydrolysis acidification, shorten the time of hydrolysis desanding processing.Further,
It can use utilidor de-oiling slurries are delivered in hydrolysis desanding device, it is possible thereby to further decrease de-oiling slurries defeated
Thermal loss during sending.
Another specific embodiment according to the present invention, in step (5), anaerobic fermentation processing can be high-temperature anaerobic fermentation
Processing or intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing, the temperature of high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing can be 53~57 DEG C, intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing
Temperature can be 35~39 DEG C.
The method according to the above embodiment of the present invention that anaerobic fermentation is carried out to kitchen garbage, by directly by de-oiling slurries
Desanding processing is hydrolyzed into hydrolysis desanding device for supply, and the silt particle in de-oiling slurries not only can effectively be discharged, make subsequent
Anaerobic fermentation processing is lasting to be operated normally, to prevent clear tank, is reduced whole maintenance expense, can also be carried using de-oiling slurries
High temperature come improve hydrolysis desanding processing efficiency, shorten hydrolysis desanding handle the time, while can also using hydrolysis desanding fill
The insulating layer for setting outer surface setting further decreases the thermal loss hydrolyzed during desanding, guarantees hydrolysis efficiency；In addition, into
Particle loaded fluid is removed to hydrolysis using heat-exchanger rig before the processing of row anaerobic fermentation to cool down, and can meet temperature needed for anaerobic fermentation
Recycle hydrolysis except heat entrained by particle loaded fluid；It further, can be with base in the treatment process that exchanges heat
The aperture (including start and stop) of the temperature control control loop pump at desanding serum outlet is hydrolyzed after heat exchange, and then can be according to reality
The dosage of border situation flexible modulation cryogenic media, hydrolysis removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid after accurate control heat exchange, guarantees at anaerobic fermentation
The effect of reason.The efficiency and effect handled kitchen garbage can not only be significantly improved using this method as a result, it can be with
Avoid energy waste.It should be noted that being used for for feature described in above-mentioned anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system and effect
Suitable for the method for carrying out anaerobic fermentation to kitchen garbage, details are not described herein again.
The solution of the present invention is explained below in conjunction with embodiment.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that following
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Particular technique or item are not specified in embodiment
Part, it described technology or conditions or is carried out according to the literature in the art according to product description.Agents useful for same or instrument
Production firm person is not specified in device, and being can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
Embodiment 1
Anaerobic fermentation, specific implementation are carried out to kitchen garbage using the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system of the embodiment of the present invention
Process is as follows:
100 ton/days of kitchen garbage projects remove 15.5 ton/days of inorganic impurity by sorting process, at water-oil separating
Reason extracts 3.5 ton/days of grease, wherein and it mentions oil and utilizes steam to heat in the process, steam is converted into water, and quantity of steam is 10 ton/days,
Remaining restaurant-kitchen garbage degreased slurries amount is 91 ton/days, and temperature is 80 DEG C；Restaurant-kitchen garbage degreased slurries are passed through into de-oiling injection point
Supply separates heavy sand setting using gravity mode into hydrolysis desanding device, and silt is discharged from sand removing hole, and sediment outflow amount is 1 ton/day,
The a small amount of foul smell generated in hydrolysis desanding device is discharged by foul smell discharge outlet, and the hydrolysis after removing heavy sand setting removes particle loaded fluid amount
It is 90 ton/days；Hydrolysis carries out heat exchange cooling with cold water medium into muddy water heat exchanger except particle loaded fluid is supplied, after the heat exchange after heat exchange
Hydrolyzing desanding slurry temperature is 60 DEG C, then enters anaerobic ferment devices by feed pump, and the temperature in anaerobic ferment devices is protected
It holds at 55 ± 2 DEG C, biogas is generated after being fermented and is discharged by methane outlet, the digestive juice generated after fermentation is arranged by discharging pump
Out.Wherein, the yield of biogas is 75m3/ ton kitchen garbage, biogas include the methane of 60v% and the carbon dioxide of 40v%.
Wherein, the taper for hydrolyzing tapered pedestal in desanding device is 1:1, de- into the kitchen garbage in hydrolysis desanding device
The temperature of slurry oil liquid is 80 DEG C, and solid content (TS) is 10wt%, and volatile solid content (VS) is 85wt%, in hydrolysis sand removing tank
The interior residence time is 1~3 day；Temperature in anaerobic ferment devices is high temperature (55 ± 2 degrees Celsius), and hydrolysis is except particle loaded fluid is in anaerobism
Residence time is 25~28 days in installation for fermenting, and blender is paddle mixer, and blender number is 2；Muddy water heat exchange
Device setting temperature sensor and circulating pump, cold water medium enter heat exchanger by circulating pump and cold water medium inlet, obtain hot water
Medium, it is 60 DEG C that hydrolysis, which removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid, after heat exchange；It hydrolyzes desanding device and the first liquid level sensor, anaerobic fermentation dress is set
The second liquid level sensor is installed, the first liquid level sensor carries out chain control to the aperture of feed pump and start and stop, and a high position starts,
Low level stops；Second liquid level sensor carries out chain control, high position starting to the aperture of discharging pump and start and stop, and low level stops；Temperature
It spends sensor and chain control is carried out to the aperture of circulating pump and start and stop, temperature high Shi Qidong stops when temperature is low.
Embodiment 2
The difference from embodiment 1 is that: it is 40 that hydrolysis, which removes the temperature of particle loaded fluid, after the heat exchange of muddy water heat exchanger, after heat exchange
℃；Using (37 ± 2 DEG C) of medium temperature fermentations in anaerobic ferment devices.Wherein, the yield of biogas is 75m3/ ton kitchen garbage, including
The methane of 60v% and the carbon dioxide of 40v%.
In the description of this specification, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as instruction or
It implies relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The spy of " first ", " second " is defined as a result,
Sign can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two
It is a, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
It can be combined in any suitable manner in a or multiple embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the technology of this field
The feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples can be combined by personnel
And combination.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste system characterized by comprising
Sorting unit, the sorting unit have kitchen garbage entrance, inorganic refuse outlet and kitchen garbage serum outlet；
Oily-water seperating equipment, the oily-water seperating equipment have kitchen garbage injection point, crude oil outlet and de-oiling serum outlet,
The kitchen garbage injection point is connected with the kitchen garbage serum outlet；
Desanding device is hydrolyzed, there is the hydrolysis desanding device de-oiling injection point, foul smell outlet, sand removing hole and hydrolysis to remove mortar
Liquid outlet, the hydrolysis desanding device outer surface are equipped with insulating layer, and the de-oiling injection point and foul smell outlet are located at institute
Hydrolysis desanding device top is stated, the sand removing hole is located at the hydrolysis desanding device bottom, hydrolysis desanding serum outlet position
In the hydrolysis desanding device middle and lower part, the de-oiling injection point is connected with the de-oiling serum outlet；
Heat-exchanger rig, the heat-exchanger rig have temperature sensor, circulating pump, hydrolysis desanding injection point, cryogenic media entrance,
Desanding serum outlet is hydrolyzed behind high-temperature medium outlet and heat exchange, the hydrolysis desanding injection point is with the hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid goes out
Mouth is connected, and the circulating pump is set at the cryogenic media entrance, and the temperature sensor hydrolyzes after being set to the heat exchange
At desanding serum outlet, the temperature sensor based on after the heat exchange hydrolyze desanding serum outlet at temperature control described in follow
The aperture of ring pump；
Anaerobic ferment devices, the anaerobic ferment devices hydrolyze desanding injection point, methane outlet and digestive juice after having heat exchange
Outlet hydrolyzes desanding injection point and is connected with hydrolysis desanding serum outlet after the heat exchange after the heat exchange.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydrolysis desanding device is ground epicone bottom structure, including
Tank body, tapered pedestal and support construction, wherein the tank body is located at the tapered pedestal top, and the support construction is set to
On the side wall of the sloped footing, the tank body and the tapered base outer surface are equipped with the insulating layer, the de-oiling slurry
Liquid entrance and foul smell outlet are located at the tank body top, and the hydrolysis desanding serum outlet is located at the tank body lower part, institute
It states sand removing hole and is located at the tapered base bottom,
Optionally, the taper of the tapered pedestal is 0.8~1.
3. system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the anaerobic ferment devices include fermentation vat, membrane type gas
Cabinet, blender and maintenance pit, the fermentation vat are underground reinforced concrete structure, the membrane type gas holder and the fermentation vat top
Sealing is connected, and the blender is arranged diagonally downward, and desanding injection point is hydrolyzed after the heat exchange and the digestive juice exports position
In the fermentation vat lower part, the methane outlet is located at the fermentation vat top,
Optionally, the angle of the blender and vertical direction is 30~60 degree,
Optionally, the membrane type gas holder is the double-deck membrane type air bag.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the heat-exchanger rig is bushing type muddy water heat exchanger.
5. system according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that after the heat exchange hydrolyze desanding injection point by into
Material pump is connected with hydrolysis desanding serum outlet after the heat exchange.
6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the hydrolysis desanding device further comprises that the first liquid level passes
Sensor, first liquid level sensor control the aperture of the feed pump based on the liquid level of the hydrolysis desanding device,
Optionally, first liquid level sensor is ultrasonic liquid level sensor.
7. system according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that the digestive juice exit is equipped with discharging pump.
8. system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the anaerobic ferment devices further comprise that the second liquid level passes
Sensor, second liquid level sensor control the aperture of the discharging pump based on the liquid level of the anaerobic ferment devices,
Optionally, second liquid level sensor is ultrasonic liquid level sensor.
9. a kind of method for carrying out anaerobic fermentation to kitchen garbage using system of any of claims 1-8, special
Sign is, comprising:
(1) kitchen garbage is supplied to the sorting unit and carries out sorting process, to obtain inorganic refuse and kitchen garbage slurry
Liquid；
(2) the kitchen garbage slurries are supplied to the oily-water seperating equipment and carries out water-oil separating processing, to obtain crude oil
With de-oiling slurries；
(3) the de-oiling slurries are supplied to the hydrolysis desanding device and desanding processing is hydrolyzed, to obtain foul smell and water
Release particle loaded fluid；
(4) it by the hydrolysis except particle loaded fluid supplies to the heat-exchanger rig and carries out heat exchange processing, is removed to hydrolyze after being exchanged heat
Particle loaded fluid；
(5) hydrolysis after the heat exchange is subjected to anaerobic fermentation processing except particle loaded fluid is supplied to the anaerobic ferment devices, so as to
To biogas and digestive juice.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, in step (3), the temperature of the hydrolysis desanding processing is
60~80 DEG C, the time is 1~3 day,
Optionally, in step (5), the anaerobic fermentation processing is high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing or intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing, institute
The temperature for stating high-temperature anaerobic fermentation processing is 53~57 DEG C, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation processing is 35~39 DEG C.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113512492A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-19 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Multi-mode combined auxiliary heating full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system |
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