CN109836329A - 从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 - Google Patents
从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109836329A CN109836329A CN201910195707.5A CN201910195707A CN109836329A CN 109836329 A CN109836329 A CN 109836329A CN 201910195707 A CN201910195707 A CN 201910195707A CN 109836329 A CN109836329 A CN 109836329A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- scenedesmus
- alcohol
- hydrocarbon
- renewable oils
- renewable oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 241000195663 Scenedesmus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- -1 hydrocarbon hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title abstract description 22
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017116 Fe—Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RGXWDWUGBIJHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC RGXWDWUGBIJHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC XIRNKXNNONJFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical class O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003178 Mo2C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-octadecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003076 TiO2-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt molybdenum Chemical compound [Co].[Co].[Mo] WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MMXKVMNBHPAILY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC MMXKVMNBHPAILY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940067592 ethyl palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KWUUWVQMAVOYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron molybdenum Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe][Mo][Mo] KWUUWVQMAVOYKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBADLXQNJCMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4-nitrophenyl)acetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 YBADLXQNJCMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019626 (NH4)6Mo7O24 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003208 (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLIDRDJNLAWIKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3h-benzo[e]indole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(=C(C)N3)C)C3=CC=C21 JLIDRDJNLAWIKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Phenyl-1-propanol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGHNPAUUBTXCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CCCCCCCCCCCCP)C Chemical compound CC(CCCCCCCCCCCCP)C BGHNPAUUBTXCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMEONFUTDYJSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl levulinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O GMEONFUTDYJSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylpropyl alcohol Natural products CCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYUQAZSOFZSPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012378 ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H azane;dihydroxy(dioxo)molybdenum;trioxomolybdenum;tetrahydrate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- DULCUDSUACXJJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzeneacetic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DULCUDSUACXJJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRSXWUSONDBHSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 HRSXWUSONDBHSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020057 cognac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005909 ethyl alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NXDICBYIUGMBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC NXDICBYIUGMBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMMOOAYVCKXGMF-MURFETPASA-N ethyl linoleate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC FMMOOAYVCKXGMF-MURFETPASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940031016 ethyl linoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JELGPLUONQGOHF-KTKRTIGZSA-N ethyl palmitoleate Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC JELGPLUONQGOHF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- IIYJCOKOQWJTHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadec-5-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCC IIYJCOKOQWJTHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- FMMOOAYVCKXGMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N linoleic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC FMMOOAYVCKXGMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016768 molybdenum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
本发明描述了一种由栅藻制备烃的方法,方法包括通过将湿栅藻与醇按比例混合,热处理混合物以产生可再生油中间体,通过加催化剂加氢处理可再生油中间体以产生烃。本发明还涉及从可再生油中间体制备生物柴油和氨的工艺。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及烃类化合物的生产工艺是通过调节醇的浓度、热处理、回收醇、对热处理后的液体产物的进行加氢处理和分离所产生的烃。当前发明还涉及在加氢处理之后形成生物柴油和分离氨。
背景技术
由于微藻的优异生长速率、高油含量和环保的性质,其被认为是有希望的生物燃料原料。藻类通过光合作用有效地从许多来源吸收二氧化碳,并且可以被加工成多种的产品,例如,乙醇、生物柴油、绿色柴油、甲烷、土壤修复和动物饲料。本发明使用的栅藻,栅藻资源丰富是淡水中常见的浮游藻类,其中许多种类对有机污染物具有较强的耐性,在水体自净和污水净化中有一定作用,是有机污水氧化塘生物相中的优势种类。栅藻繁殖快,细胞内含有丰富的蛋白质和维生素,可作为人工大量培养的材料。部分栅藻细胞内能够积累大量脂肪酸,可转化为生物柴油。
目前由微藻制备生物燃料的方法主要有3类。第一类是传统方法,使用干燥后的微藻,通过有机溶剂(比如己烷)进行萃取,直接获得微藻油,再对微藻油进行酯化制备生物柴油。第2种方法使用发酵工艺将微藻内糖类发酵为乙醇,然后使用己烷从残渣中萃取藻油。第3种方法利用水热液化在连续活塞流反应器或间歇式反应器中在300-374℃的温度范围和4-22MPa压力范围加热5-90分钟,微藻浆液被转化成水不溶性生物原油。生物原油再进行炼制生产燃料和化学品。
以上方法都各自有缺陷。传统方法要求高能耗过程干燥微藻,同时要求微藻的含油量必须要高于25%干重,但是大部分微藻的含油量都在20%干重以下,达不到经济生产要求。第2类发酵方法则要求微藻的含糖量要高,否则增加的发酵工艺无法起到作用。第3类水热处理法需要高温高压下完成。
栅藻蛋白含量较高约为56%干重,而油含量一般为20%干重左右,糖含量则偏低为10%左右。鉴于上述情况,本发明根据栅藻的特定组分,以湿栅藻为原料,期望找到从栅藻生产多种产物的替代方法。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供了从栅藻生产烃的新方法。使用湿栅藻为原料,以可再生化学品醇为辅著剂,对湿栅藻进行中温(200-290℃)下处理,获得高收率的较为稳定的可再生油中间体。再针对油中间体进行加氢等工艺处理,可定向制备碳氢烃、脂肪酸甲酯、脂肪酸乙酯和氨。本文所用的醇是指乙醇、甲醇或其混合物。在热处理后形成可再生油中间体,组分包括烃、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、乙醇、甲醇等化学物质。可再生油中间体可以首先被蒸馏以分离乙醇、甲醇和水以形成二级可再生油中间体。二级可再生油中间体可以在金属催化剂上加工或加氢处理以产生烃、生物柴油和氨。下面更详细地描述关于这些以及其他一些其他实施方案的附加细节。
一些实施例的上述概述不旨在描述每个公开的实施例或每个当前已发明的专利。下面的附图,详细描述和实施例更具体地举例说明了这些实施例。
附图说明
考虑到以下结合附图对本发明的各种实施例的详细描述,可以更全面地理解本发明,其中:图1为过程流程图
具体实施方式
应参考附图阅读以下描述,其中在整个几个视图中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。详细描述和附图示出了要求保护的发明的示例实施例。因此,在实施方案中,本发明提供了一种从栅藻形成烃的新方法,包括:
a)向湿栅藻中加入醇
b)在一定温度下热处理栅藻以形成可再生油中间体;
c)从可再生油中间体分离醇以形成二级可再生油中间体;
d)回收醇;
e)用金属催化剂加氢处理所得液体产物以形成烃。
为了有效利用栅藻中的所有成分,开发了一种新的由栅藻生产烃的工艺。图 1显示过程图。所用的原料湿栅藻固含量范围为2-20%,优选10-15%的固含量。将添加的醇与湿栅藻混合。醇的体积是湿栅藻体积的1-7倍,优选为3-5倍。也可同时添加催化剂,催化剂可以是但不限于磺化固体、硫酸、固体碱、氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠。将该混合物加热至190-300℃,优选温度为240-290℃。加热时间取决于反应器的尺寸和加热器的功率。当反应器达到所需温度时,热处理反应进行10-120分钟,优选15-30分钟。当反应在所需温度下完成时,将反应器冷却至室温。热处理反应产生一种可再生油中间体。这种可再生油中间体可以包含但不限于烃、醇、脂肪酸酯、水、酸、酮、醛和含氮化学品。将可再生油中间体蒸馏以分离回收未反应的醇、挥发性化合物(例如乙酸)和水,并形成次级可再生油中间体。次级可再生油中间体通过与金属催化剂混合,在高压氢气下在300-400℃,优选320-350℃下进行加氢处理形成烃。催化剂的金属可以选自第Ⅵ族金属(例如Mo和W),并由选自第Ⅷ族金属(例如Fe,Co和Ni) 的第二种金属促进。催化剂的载体可以选自但不限于碳材料、氧化铝、二氧化硅、沸石、分子筛或其组合。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种用于形成生物柴油的新方法。生物柴油是由长链烷基(甲基、乙基或丙基)酯组成的柴油燃料。脂肪酸酯可以通过萃取过程从次级可再生油中间体直接纯化分离。该过程可以进一步包括:在甲醇中加氢处理次级可再生油中间体,主要形成脂肪酸甲酯。
在另一个实施方案中,次级可再生油中间体中的含氮化学品被破裂形成氨。氨被用水回收,然后用作肥料。
在不脱离本发明的本质的基础上,本发明可以以其他具体形式实施。本发明包括本文所述的本发明的方面和实施例的所有组合。应当理解,本发明的任何和所有实施例可以结合任何其他实施例或实施例(或示例)来描述附加实施例。还应当理解,实施例的每个单独元件旨在被单独地视为其独立的实施例。此外,实施例的任何元件都是为了与来自任何实施例的任何和所有其它元件组合以描述附加实施例。
实例
可以通过参考以下实施例进一步了解本发明,这些实施例用于举例说明一些优选实施方案,而不是以任何方式限制本发明。
例1栅藻的热处理
湿栅藻的固含量为15%。多个实验按如下设计进行:将栅藻与外加的乙醇混合,体积比调节为9:1,1:1,1:9。所得混合物在210、240、290℃三种温度下热处理。反应时间为0.5、1、2小时。实验的结果见表1。反应完成后,固体残余物从可再生油中间体的液体中过滤分离出来,干燥称重。可再生油中间产物的产率为原料的60-84%。气体产率在1-10%之间,其中二氧化碳占70-90%,其余组分为氢气、甲烷、一氧化碳和乙烷。在更高的处理温度(例如240℃和290℃)通常导致较高的气体产率。根据气质联用分析,可再生油中间体包含脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、烃(例如苯,甲苯和二甲苯),含氮化合物(例如吡啶,吡嗪,吡咯,吲哚及其衍生物)和含氧化合物(例如酮,糠醛,醛和酚)。
表1使用乙醇辅著的栅藻热处理所得产品收率(无催化剂)
例2在催化剂辅著下使用乙醇溶液对栅藻进行热处理
在另一个实施方案中,将SO4 2-/TiO2-Al2O3的固体酸与乙醇一起加入湿微藻中。实验设计同例1。结果见表2。可再生油中间产物的产率为原料的72-94%。与无催化剂条件的例1对比,可再生油中间产物收率明显提高,固体残渣量和气体产品都减少。
表2使用SO4 2-/TiO2-Al2O3的固体酸与乙醇辅著的栅藻热处理所得产品收率
例3脂肪酸乙酯的直接分离和分析将实施例1的可再生油中间体在蒸馏装置中蒸馏以蒸发乙醇和挥发物。剩余的液体产物中加入己烷,然后以3200rpm离心5mins。提取含有非极性脂质的上部有机层,并通过二氧化硅柱,分离脂肪酸乙酯(FAEE)。FAEE和脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)通常被称为生物柴油。对于定量分析,通过气相色谱法准备并分析C4-C24化合物的一系列脂肪酸乙酯标准,定量计算脂肪酸乙酯的含量。
表3.实施例1的可再生油中间体中脂肪酸乙酯的气质联用分析
| 脂肪酸乙酯名称 | 在产品中含量% |
| 庚酸乙酯 | 0.085 |
| 4-甲基戊酸戊酸乙酯 | 0.330 |
| 4-酮基戊酸乙酯 | 0.074 |
| 2-氯乙酸1-环戊基乙基 | 0.022 |
| 琥珀酸,顺式-6-3-烯基十八烷基酯 | 0.019 |
| 丁二酸二乙酯 | 0.165 |
| 辛酸乙酯 | 0.249 |
| 羟基尿烷 | 0.088 |
| 苯乙酸乙酯 | 0.217 |
| 己酸苄酯 | 0.094 |
| 癸酸乙酯 | 0.097 |
| 4-硝基苯基乙酸酯 | 0.122 |
| 苯丙酸乙酯 | 0.684 |
| 癸酸乙酯 | 0.423 |
| 十二酸乙酯 | 2.052 |
| 9,12-十六碳二烯酸乙酯 | 2.116 |
| 9-十六碳烯酸乙酯 | 17.564 |
| 13-甲基十四烷酸乙酯 | 6.915 |
| 十六酸乙酯 | 42.201 |
| 11-十六碳烯酸乙酯 | 4.594 |
| 15-甲基十六烷酸甲酯 | 2.541 |
| 亚油酸乙酯 | 13.995 |
| 9,12,15-十八烷三烯酸乙酯 | 5.347 |
例4生物炭基加氢催化剂的制备
生物炭是以木屑为原料通过催化快速热裂解产生。收集的干燥生物炭首先过筛至0.18-0.25mm的粒度范围,然后在硝酸溶液(HNO3)中进一步预处理。通常将10g生物炭和250mL的0.1M HNO3溶液在100℃下回流12小时。预处理的目的是除去生物炭上残余的生物油和灰分,也增加了其表面含氧官能团的数量有利于作为催化剂负载时的金属沉积和分散。酸洗后的生物炭经过过滤,并用热去离子水洗涤直至pH≈7以除去过量的酸,最后将处理过的生物炭在105℃下干燥过夜。前期研究结果表明,预处理使生物炭表面积从612提升至780m2g-1、孔容从0.4提升至0.5cm3g-1,生物炭中的碳含量约为86wt%。
生物炭负载的加氢催化剂制备使用等体积浸渍法。以单金属催化剂 Mo2C/Biochar为例,将钼酸铵四水合物(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O的水溶液浸渍在干燥的生物炭上,Mo的负载量可达到30%(重量)。混合后材料在室温下干燥6小时,然后在105℃下干燥过夜。干燥后的催化剂前驱体在管式炉中进行渗碳反应,在100mL/min氩气Ar的吹扫保护下,以5℃/min的升温速率升温至800℃,恒温在800℃保持2小时。催化剂在氩气中冷却,用于进一步表征。生物炭负载的碳化钼表示为Mo2C/Biochar。
双金属催化剂Fe,Co或Ni的一种与Mo前驱体使用共浸渍法制备。将一定量的(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O溶液和一定量的Fe,Co或Ni盐溶液混合,配制成镍钼,铁钼,或钴钼浸渍液。然后将混合浸渍液负载到生物炭上。浸渍后所有样品在室温下干燥6小时,然后在105℃下干燥过夜。根据不同的镍钼/铁钼/钴钼原子的摩尔比,获得材料上的Mo负载量为0-15%(重量),Fe,Co或Ni负载量为0-15% (重量)。催化剂的程序升温碳化过程如下:称取一定量的催化剂前驱体置于管式炉中,在体积分数为20%CH4-80%H2的混合气体中以10℃/min的升温速率从室温升至300℃,当温度达到300℃后,再以1℃/min的升温速率升至碳化温度 800℃,在800℃恒温2h,最后在惰性气体Ar的气氛下冷却至室温,得到双金属催化剂X-Mo2C/Bichar(X=Fe,Co或Ni)。
例5提高生物柴油产率
将实施例1中形成的可再生油中间体蒸馏蒸发挥发物并形成次级可再生油中间体。将次级可再生油中间体在甲醇中稀释并与生物炭负载的碳化钼混合。次级可再生油中间体的加氢处理在300℃和340℃下在3.44MPa的初始氢气压力下进行。表3显示了加氢处理产物的组成分析。可作为生物柴油的脂类化学品浓度由42.1%提高到了82-88%。气质联用分析表明,主要组分是脂肪酸甲酯。
表3次级可再生油中间体在甲醇中稀释后不通温度下加氢前后的组分分析
例6加氢处理可再生油中间体以形成碳氢化合物
将实施例1中形成的可再生油中间体蒸馏蒸发挥发物并形成第二可再生油中间体。将次生可再生油中间体在己烷中稀释并与生物碳负载的金属催化剂 X-Mo2C/Bichar(X=Fe,Co或Ni)混合。次级可再生油中间体的加氢处理在340℃,初始氢压为3.44MPa下进行。表3显示了加氢处理产物的组成分析。总碳氢化合物增加到67.9%。氧化和氮化化学品的种类至少减少一半。大多数预先存在的脂肪酸乙酯转化成烃。例如,十六烷酸乙酯的转化率为95%。所得烃类主要在柴油份子范围内,通常含有12-20个碳原子。烃样品包括十六烷,十七烷,十八烷,十四碳烯,环十四烷和二十碳烯。
表4次级可再生油中间体在己烷中稀释后加氢前后的组分分析
例7氨的生产
实施例5和6中描述的方法可产生氨气流。次级可再生油中间体中的含氮化学品转化为烃类。这些化学物质中的氮原子以氨的形式除去。氨可以用水回收,然后用作肥料。
Claims (10)
1.一种从栅藻制备烃的方法,该方法包括:将栅藻与醇混合,热处理藻藻形成一级可再生油中间体,将醇与可再生油中间体分离,形成次级可再生油中间体,通过添加催化剂加氢处理次级可再生油中间体产生碳氢化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中醇是甲醇,乙醇或其混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述热处理在200℃至300℃,优选240-290℃下进行。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述热处理由磺化固体酸、硫酸、固体碱、氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠催化。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述可再生油中间体包括烃、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、乙醇、甲醇和水,其中所述次级可再生油中间体包括烃、脂肪酸酯和脂肪酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述加氢处理在250℃至400℃和1MPa-10MPa,优选280-350℃和3.5-7MPa内进行。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述氢化催化剂是单金属催化剂,包括Pt、Pd、Ru、Rh、Mo、Ni、Co、Fe或Cu负载在碳、氧化铝、二氧化硅、二氧化硅-氧化铝或沸石上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述氢化催化剂是双金属催化剂包括Ni-Mo、Co-Mo或Fe-Mo负载在碳、氧化铝、二氧化硅、二氧化硅-氧化铝或沸石上。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述金属由S、P、N、K、Zr、Ce、Ti、Zn、Fe或Cu促进。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述次级可再生油中间体用于形成脂肪酸乙酯、脂肪酸甲酯和氨。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910195707.5A CN109836329A (zh) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | 从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910195707.5A CN109836329A (zh) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | 从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109836329A true CN109836329A (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
Family
ID=66885871
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910195707.5A Pending CN109836329A (zh) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | 从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109836329A (zh) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712858A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2012-10-03 | 索拉兹米公司 | 在重组异养型微生物中制备特制油 |
| CN104039930A (zh) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-09-10 | 公益财团法人北九州产业学术推进机构 | 燃料油的制造方法 |
| US9562210B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-02-07 | The University Of Toledo | Methods for production of fatty acid alkanolamides (FAAAs) from microalgae biomass |
| CN107523423A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种基于全生命周期低碳的生物航空燃料制备方法及系统 |
| CN107974305A (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-01 | 天津大学 | 一种直接水解-酯化湿微藻制备生物柴油的方法 |
| CN108126732A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-08 | 倪浩特 | 用于微藻生物柴油制备航空煤油的催化剂及其应用 |
-
2019
- 2019-03-15 CN CN201910195707.5A patent/CN109836329A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712858A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2012-10-03 | 索拉兹米公司 | 在重组异养型微生物中制备特制油 |
| CN104039930A (zh) * | 2011-11-15 | 2014-09-10 | 公益财团法人北九州产业学术推进机构 | 燃料油的制造方法 |
| US9562210B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-02-07 | The University Of Toledo | Methods for production of fatty acid alkanolamides (FAAAs) from microalgae biomass |
| CN107523423A (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种基于全生命周期低碳的生物航空燃料制备方法及系统 |
| CN107974305A (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-01 | 天津大学 | 一种直接水解-酯化湿微藻制备生物柴油的方法 |
| CN108126732A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-08 | 倪浩特 | 用于微藻生物柴油制备航空煤油的催化剂及其应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ZHANG BO,ET AL: "Catalytic Conversion of Chlamydomonas to Hydrocarbons via the Ethanol-Assisted Liquefaction and Hydrotreating Processes", 《ENERGY & FUELS》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Phimsen et al. | Nickel sulfide, nickel phosphide and nickel carbide catalysts for bio-hydrotreated fuel production | |
| Scaldaferri et al. | Green diesel production from upgrading of cashew nut shell liquid | |
| Guo et al. | Hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis gaditana in a continuous stirred tank reactor and hydrotreating of biocrude by nickel catalysts | |
| US20110257446A1 (en) | Process for producing hydrocarbons from microbial lipids | |
| Campanella et al. | Thermolysis of microalgae and duckweed in a CO2-swept fixed-bed reactor: bio-oil yield and compositional effects | |
| Kaewpengkrow et al. | Catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapors from Jatropha wastes using alumina, zirconia and titania based catalysts | |
| Harnos et al. | Hydrocarbons from sunflower oil over partly reduced catalysts | |
| JP4832871B2 (ja) | 水素化精製方法 | |
| KR20110076883A (ko) | 수소화전환 공정 및 촉매 | |
| EP2356197B1 (en) | Process for the production of hydrocarbon composition useful as fuel and combustible obtained from oil components and a biological component | |
| Zharova et al. | Original Pt-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst for selective hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils | |
| WO2018202467A1 (fr) | Procede d'addition d'un compose organique a un solide poreux en phase gazeuse | |
| KR20160097203A (ko) | 수소화 분해 처리용 촉매 및 탄화수소의 제조 방법 | |
| Arazo et al. | Low-temperature catalytic conversion of alkaline sewage sludge bio-oil to biodiesel: Product characteristics and reaction mechanisms | |
| CN109294613A (zh) | 一种油脂类原料制备烃燃料的方法 | |
| Majhi et al. | Upgrading of bio-oils over PdO/Al2O3 catalyst and fractionation | |
| Muñoz-Arjona et al. | Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of waste cooking oil into green diesel range hydrocarbons: From batch to continuous processing | |
| Janosik et al. | Derivatizing of fast pyrolysis bio-oil and coprocessing in fixed bed hydrotreater | |
| Kaewpengkrow et al. | Bio-fuel production from catalytic fast pyrolysis of Jatropha wastes using pyroprobe GC/MS and drop tube pyrolyzer | |
| Li et al. | Vacuum fractional distillation of biocrude oil and the immobilization of harmful metal | |
| CN108315050B (zh) | 一种使用生物材料生产液体烃的方法、液体烃及航空燃料 | |
| CN109836329A (zh) | 从栅藻制备碳氢烃的方法 | |
| Tirumareddy et al. | Enhanced Hydrodeoxygenation of Biocrude using NiMo carbide catalysts | |
| Haghighat et al. | Production and optimization of bio-oil from municipal wastewater sludge by thermal and catalytic pyrolysis process | |
| WO2011073427A1 (en) | Process for producing hydrocarbons from microbial lipids |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190604 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |