CN109794495B

CN109794495B - Automatic household garbage sorting device

Info

Publication number: CN109794495B
Application number: CN201910159913.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程敢; 路阳; 张传祥; 张梦妮; 韩明君; 李斌斌; 赵诗宇; 朱会敏
Original assignee: Henan University of Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Technology
Priority date: 2019-03-04
Filing date: 2019-03-04
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-04
Also published as: CN109794495A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic sorting device for domestic garbage, which relates to the technical field of garbage disposal. A self-retractable weighing system is installed at the bottom of the collection area, and a filtration and separation system located at the bottom of the crushing system is installed in the separation area. Drain valve. The present invention performs crushing treatment on the domestic garbage through the bag breaking system and the shearing crushing system in turn, so as to realize the preliminary crushing effect of the domestic garbage. The set filtration and separation system realizes the rapid separation of the refined garbage according to its specific gravity and state, and finally the garbage is screened and classified through the screen surface I, screen surface II and screen surface III set in the recycling area to realize the classification and recycling of garbage. Effect. The device processes domestic garbage from the source, and the garbage disposal efficiency is high.

Description

Automatic household garbage sorting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to an automatic household garbage sorting device.

Background

The mode of collecting domestic waste at present is urban domestic waste and produces the back, collects through arranging the collection container everywhere, generally adopts the resident to put in modes such as collection and collection of visiting, and collection container has dustbin, refuse collection station, refuse collection pipeline, collection vehicle etc.. A better mode for doing in the countryside is 'household recovery-village collection-town transfer-city treatment', but the mode still has the problems of long transportation distance, difficult loading and unloading and the like. Meanwhile, the contradiction between insufficient treatment capacity and fast-increasing production is remarkable, the structure of the garbage treatment process still needs to be further optimized, the problem of secondary pollution generated by garbage treatment is prominent, the garbage reduction and classification work still needs to be further enhanced, the guarantee measures of garbage treatment facilities are not smooth, and the problems all set up a barrier for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. Therefore, the proposal of classifying and processing the garbage at the source is eagerly and necessary.

The existing domestic garbage treatment mainly adopts unified collection and then sends the domestic garbage to a garbage yard for centralized treatment, the domestic garbage is simply classified at the source, a series of problems of mixing of recoverable garbage and non-recoverable garbage, open stacking and the like exist, and the domestic garbage is not treated at the source.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic household garbage sorting device to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a domestic waste automatic separation device, is fixed with the case lid including handling the case, handles the sealed pan feeding mouth that is equipped with in case lid, its characterized in that, collecting region, crushing district and the disengagement zone that sets gradually about handling the incasement, collecting region bottom is installed from telescopic weighing system, is equipped with broken bag system and the broken system of shear type that is located from telescopic weighing system bottom from top to bottom in the crushing district in proper order, handle the outer fixed mounting of case and with from telescopic weighing system control connection's control system, be equipped with the filtration separation system who is located broken system bottom in the disengagement zone, the filtration separation system bottom is equipped with the fluid-discharge tube that extends to handling the case outside, installs the flowing back valve on the fluid-discharge tube.

As a modified scheme of the invention: the treatment incasement is equipped with the recovery area that is located the disengagement zone below, and top-down movable mounting has sifter I, sifter II and sifter III in proper order in the recovery area, and sifter I, sifter II and sifter III's sieve mesh diameter reduces in proper order.

As a modified scheme of the invention: sifter I, sifter II and sifter III slope setting, and bin outlet I, bin outlet II, bin outlet III and bin outlet IV have respectively been seted up to the low end department that handles case lateral wall and be located sifter I, sifter II and sifter III, and sifter III bottom is equipped with the sieve tray board.

As a modified scheme of the invention: the self-telescopic weighing system comprises a pair of telescopic plates which are arranged in a telescopic mode.

As a modified scheme of the invention: broken bag system includes the rotation axis that the rotary type set up, and fixed mounting has the alternately sharp sword that sets up of a plurality of on the rotation axis, and each sharp sword is different in size.

As a modified scheme of the invention: a plurality of pairs of opposite sawtooth blades I and sawtooth blades II are arranged in the shear type crushing system in a swinging mode, and the swinging directions of the sawtooth blades I and the sawtooth blades II are opposite.

As a modified scheme of the invention: the rotary type of the filtering and separating system is installed in the treatment box, the filtering and separating system comprises a dewatering part and a separating part, the dewatering part is connected with a vacuum negative pressure source, the lower edge of the separating part is provided with a scraper blade which is downwards inclined, and the side wall of the treatment box is provided with a light product outlet which is positioned above the scraper blade.

As a modified scheme of the invention: the control system is in control connection with the bag breaking system, the shear type crushing system and the filtering and separating system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, household garbage is crushed sequentially through the bag breaking system and the shearing type crushing system, so that the primary crushing of the household garbage is realized, the refined garbage is quickly separated according to specific gravity and state through the arranged filtering and separating system, and finally the garbage is screened and classified through the screen surface I, the screen surface II and the screen surface III which are arranged in the recovery area, so that the classified recovery effect of the garbage is realized. This whole device is handled domestic waste from the source, and refuse treatment efficiency is higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the retractable plate of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of serrated blades I and II according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the filtration and separation system of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a screen surface I in the present invention.

In the figure: 1-box cover, 2-collecting region, 3-crushing region, 4-separating region, 5-recovery region, 6-discharge opening I, 7-discharge opening II, 8-discharge opening III, 9-discharge opening IV, 10-feeding opening, 11-self-telescopic weighing system, 12-bag breaking system, 13-shearing type crushing system, 14-control system, 15-filtering separation system, 16-light product outlet, 17-scraper, 18-sieve surface I, 19-sieve surface II, 20-sieve surface III, 21-sieve bottom plate, 22-liquid discharge valve, 23-liquid discharge pipe, 24-telescopic plate, 25-sharp knife, 26-serrated blade I, 27-serrated blade II, 28-dehydration part and 29-separating part.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the patent is further described in detail by combining the following specific embodiments:

example 1

Referring to fig. 1-6, an automatic sorting device for domestic garbage comprises a processing box, a box cover 1 is hermetically fixed on the top of the processing box, a material inlet 10 is arranged on the box cover 1, and domestic garbage can be injected into the processing box through the material inlet 10 for garbage processing.

Collecting region 2, crushing district 3 and disengagement zone 4 that set gradually about handling the incasement, install from telescopic weighing system 11 collecting region 2 bottom, crushing district 3 is equipped with in proper order from bag breaking system 12 and the broken system 13 of shear type that is located from telescopic weighing system 11 bottom about being equipped with in proper order. Get into the domestic waste of handling incasement and keep in collecting region 2 earlier, handle the outer fixed mounting of case and with from telescopic weighing system 11 control connection's control system 14, weigh domestic waste from telescopic weighing system 11, when weight reaches the setting value, come control telescopic weighing system 11 through control system 14 and pour into domestic waste in collecting region 2 into crushing district 3, smash broken bag system 12 and the broken system 13 of shear type in the district 3 and carry out the breakage to domestic waste in proper order and refine.

The separation area 4 is internally provided with a filtering and separating system 15 positioned at the bottom of the crushing system 13, the bottom of the filtering and separating system 15 is provided with a liquid discharge pipe 23 extending to the outside of the treatment box, and the liquid discharge pipe 23 is provided with a liquid discharge valve 22. The crushed and refined household garbage falls into the separation area 4 and is subjected to the separation action of the filtering and separating system 15, the filtering and separating system 15 is used for separating the household garbage with different specific gravities, meanwhile, the liquid part in the household garbage can be conveyed along the liquid discharge pipe 23, and the liquid part can be discharged out of the treatment tank by opening the liquid discharge valve 22.

In order to facilitate the screening separation and collection of the garbage, a recovery area 5 positioned below the separation area 4 is arranged in the treatment box, a screen surface I18, a screen surface II19 and a screen surface III20 are movably arranged in the recovery area 5 from top to bottom in sequence, and the screen hole diameters of the screen surface I18, the screen surface II19 and the screen surface III20 are reduced in sequence. The screen surface I18, the screen surface II19 and the screen surface III20 are obliquely arranged, the inclination angle of the screen surface I18, the screen surface II19 and the screen surface III20 with the horizontal plane is preferably 15-20 degrees, and the side wall of the treatment box is respectively provided with a discharge opening I6, a discharge opening II7, a discharge opening III8 and a discharge opening IV9 at the lower ends of the screen surface I18, the screen surface II19 and the screen surface III 20.

The solid garbage with large specific gravity separated by the filtering and separating system 15 falls into the recovery area 5, the garbage is separated by screening through a screen surface I18, a screen surface II19 and a screen surface III20 in sequence, a discharge opening I6, a discharge opening II7, a discharge opening III8 and a discharge opening IV9 are arranged and used for conveying the screened garbage and discharging the garbage out of the processing box, and collecting boxes can be placed at the positions of the discharge openings for collection.

Example 2

On embodiment 1's basis, in addition, including a pair of flexible expansion plate 24 that sets up from telescopic weighing system 11, control by control system 14 from telescopic weighing system 11, expansion plate 24 can be driven by the electric telescopic handle who is connected with control system 14 electric control and stretch out and draw back, is used for sealing the 2 bottoms in collecting region when two expansion plate 24 butts, and when rubbish reached certain weight, the whereabouts of rubbish was realized in two expansion plate 24 separations.

Broken bag system 12 includes the rotation axis that the rotary type set up, and fixed mounting has the crisscross sharp sword 25 that sets up of a plurality of on the rotation axis, and each sharp sword 25 differs in length, and the rotation axis can be driven by driving motor and rotate, and then realizes that the rotation axis drives the rotation of sharp sword 25 and carries out rotatory breakage to rubbish, and a plurality of sharp sword 25 differ in length, has promoted the abundant contact of sharp sword 25 with rubbish, has promoted rubbish crushing effect greatly.

In addition, a plurality of pairs of oppositely arranged sawtooth blades I26 and II27 are arranged in the shear type crushing system 13 in a swinging mode, the swinging directions of the sawtooth blades I26 and II27 are opposite, garbage crushed by the bag breaking system 12 falls into the shear type crushing system 13 for further crushing, the sawtooth blades I26 and II27 alternately swing oppositely and reversely, the shear type crushing effect on the garbage is achieved, and the crushing degree of the garbage is greatly improved. The control system 14 is in control connection with the bag breaking system 12, the shearing type crushing system 13 and the filtering and separating system 15, so that the whole garbage treatment process can be controlled in time.

The filtering and separating system 15 in the device is rotatably arranged in the treatment box, the filtering and separating system 15 comprises a dewatering part 28 and a separating part 29, the dewatering part 28 is connected with a vacuum negative pressure source for dewatering treatment of garbage, the pressure value of the vacuum negative pressure source is preferably-0.04 MPa to-0.07 MPa, the lower edge of the separating part 29 is provided with a scraper 17 which is arranged downwards in a downward inclination mode, the inclination angle of the scraper 17 and the horizontal plane is 60-80 degrees, light materials are discharged out of the treatment box through a light product outlet 16, heavy materials directly drop onto a screen surface I18, and then a screen surface I18, a screen surface II19 and a screen surface III20 in the recovery area 5 are used for screening the heavy materials.

In conclusion, the household garbage treatment device provided by the invention can crush the household garbage sequentially through the bag breaking system 12 and the shearing type crushing system 13 to realize a primary crushing effect of the household garbage, can rapidly separate the refined garbage according to specific gravity and state through the arranged filtering and separating system 15, and can screen and classify the garbage through the screen surface I18, the screen surface II19 and the screen surface III20 arranged in the recovery area 5 to realize a classification and recovery effect of the garbage.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

It should be noted that, although the present specification describes embodiments, each embodiment does not include only a single technical solution, and such description of the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art, and the above-mentioned embodiments only express the preferred embodiments of the technical solutions, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims of the technical solutions. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these changes and substitutions belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present technical solution patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic sorting device for domestic waste, comprising a treatment box, a box cover (1) is sealed and fixed on the top of the treatment box, and a feed port (10) is provided on the box cover (1), wherein the treatment box is A collection area (2), a crushing area (3) and a separation area (4) are arranged in sequence up and down, and a self-retractable weighing system (11) is installed at the bottom of the collection area (2). A bag breaking system (12) and a shearing crushing system (13) are provided at the bottom of the self-retractable weighing system (11), and a control connection with the self-retracting weighing system (11) is fixedly installed outside the processing box The control system (14), the separation zone (4) is provided with a filtration and separation system (15) at the bottom of the shearing crushing system (13), and the bottom of the filtration and separation system (15) is provided with a filter extending to the outside of the treatment box. A drain pipe (23), a drain valve (22) is installed on the drain pipe (23), a filtration and separation system (15) is rotatably installed in the treatment box, and the filtration and separation system (15) is used to separate the life of different specific gravity. The garbage is separated, and the filtration and separation system (15) includes a dehydration part (28) and a separation part (29). The plate (17), the light product outlet (16) above the scraper (17) is opened on the side wall of the treatment box, the control system (14) is connected with the bag breaking system (12), the shear crushing system (13) and the filter separation The systems (15) are all controlled and connected, and the treatment box is provided with a recovery area (5) located below the separation area (4), and the recovery area (5) is movably installed with screen surfaces I (18), The sieve surface II (19) and the sieve surface III (20), the sieve surface I (18), the sieve surface II (19) and the sieve surface III (20), the diameters of the sieve holes decrease in turn, and the sieve surface I (18) , Screen surface II (19) and screen surface III (20) are inclined and arranged, and the side walls of the treatment box are located at the lower ends of screen surface I (18), screen surface II (19) and screen surface III (20). Material port I (6), discharge port II (7), discharge port III (8), the lower part of the screen surface III (20) is provided with a screen bottom plate (21), and the side wall of the treatment box is located at the lower part of the screen bottom plate (21). A discharge port IV (9) is opened at the end, and the solid waste with a relatively large specific gravity after being separated by the filtration and separation system (15) falls into the recovery area (5).

2 . The automatic sorting device for household waste according to claim 1 , wherein the self-retractable weighing system ( 11 ) comprises a pair of telescopic plates ( 24 ). 3 .

3. The automatic sorting device for household waste according to claim 2, wherein the bag breaking system (12) comprises a rotary shaft arranged in a rotary manner, and a plurality of staggered sharp knives (25) are fixedly installed on the rotary shaft. ), each sharp knife (25) has different lengths.

4. The automatic sorting device for domestic waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, several pairs of serrated blades I (26) and serrated blades II ( 27), the serrated blade I (26) and the serrated blade II (27) swing in opposite directions.