CN109776354B - 一种二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂及其制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂及其制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗病毒药物技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种(E)-N-亚苄基-3,5-二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂在制备抗H1N1流感病毒药物方面的应用。
背景技术
H1N1流感病毒是甲型流感病毒中的一种,属于正粘病毒科家族的RNA病毒。目前而言,H1N1是更容易引起大流行的严重威胁人类健康的流感病毒之一。神经氨酸酶也称为唾液酸酶,是流感病毒被摸上的一种糖蛋白,最早是在1933年英国人威尔逊.史密斯发现的,其酶学代码为EC3.3.1.18。它具有水解唾液酸的活性,从而能够切断病毒与宿主细胞的联系,形成新的感染,在病毒生理周期中的作用已被系统研究及广泛的关注。神经氨酸酶抑制剂是目前应用最广泛的抗流感药物之一,已上市的该类药物主要有扎那米韦(Zanamivir)和奥司他韦(Oseltamivir)。奥司他韦,俗称“达菲”,是磷酸奥司他韦在人体内的代谢产物,生物利用率较高,对甲型及乙型流感病毒均有效。但是,达菲价格相对昂贵,在普通人群中很难普及,且对都中流感病毒已产生耐药性,有诸多的局限性,扎那米韦因其口服利用率低、肾消除迅速,只能吸入或者注射给药,给药途径单一,患者顺应性差,因此,迫切需要开发更有效,更持久的抗流感病毒药物。
因此,为了寻找新的神经氨酸酶抑制剂,我们要从新的结构开始探索。最近,很多的文献利用计算机虚拟筛选的方法来寻找具有预期的生物活性的全新结构的抑制剂(Jour.Med.Chem.2012.55,9973-9987.)。本发明同样是运用了虚拟筛选的方法来寻找新的神经氨酸酶的抑制剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新的神经氨酸酶抑制剂及其制备和应用。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂,其特征在于,其结构式为:
本发明还提供了上述的神经氨酸酶抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤1:将3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯和水合肼置于反应容器中,然后加入无水乙醇溶解混合,搅拌均匀,室温下反应,浓缩,过滤,干燥,得到中间体;
步骤2:将4-羟基-3-硝基苯甲醛用乙醇溶解,加入步骤1所得的中间体,然后滴加乙酸,搅拌均匀,室温下反应,反应结束后,浓缩,过滤,干燥,得到神经氨酸酶抑制剂。
本发明还提供了上述的神经氨酸酶抑制剂在制备抗H1N1流感病毒药物中的应用。
一种抗H1N1流感病毒药物,其特征在于,含有上述的神经氨酸酶抑制剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的神经氨酸酶抑制剂具有优异的抗H1N1流感病毒的活性,并且具有与之前的神经氨酸酶完全不同的结构。其对神经氨酸酶的半抑制浓度(IC50值)为0.21μM,对A/WSN/33H1N1病毒株有很好的抑制效果,且毒性较小,其半毒性浓度(CC50值)式Ⅰ化合物Y-1大于100μM,半抑制浓度(IC50值)为84.82μM,SI值(SI=CC50/IC50)大于1,对A/WSN/33H1N1病毒株有很好的抑制效果,且毒性较小,具有良好的成药性。
附图说明
图1是化合物Y-1的A/WSN/33H1N1病毒抑制活性(CC50&IC50)测定曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
一种(E)-N-亚苄基-3,5-二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂的制备方法如下:
(E)-N-亚苄基-3,5-二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂的制备方法如下:
(1)准确称取3,5-二羟基苯甲酸甲酯178.2mg(1.060mmol)、水合肼0.5mg(15.625mmol)置于圆底烧瓶中,然后加入5.0mL无水乙醇溶解混合,搅拌均匀,室温下反应16小时,浓缩,过滤,干燥,得到中间体3,5-二羟基苯甲酸酰肼。
(2)准确称取4-羟基-3-硝基苯甲醛160.0mg(0.952mmol),用5ml乙醇溶解,准确称取中间体3,5-二羟基苯甲酸酰肼160.0mg(0.952mmol)加入乙醇溶液中,然后滴加1-2滴的质量浓度为99%的乙酸溶液,搅拌均匀,室温下反应6小时,TLC(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=4:1)监测反应完全。
(3)反应结束后,浓缩,过滤,干燥,得到结构式为式(I)的神经氨酸酶抑制剂(化合物Y-1),产率为87.5%。
所得目标化合物Y-1,黄色粉末:1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δ11.74(s,1H),δ11.35(s,1H),9.59(s,2H),δ8.38(s,1H),δ8.18(s,1H),δ7.90(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),δ7.21(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),δ6.74(s,2H);δ6.421(s,H).13C NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δ163.79,158.87,153.72,145.87,137.57,135.88,133.38,126.45,124.31,120.17,106.24.HRMS(ESI)calcdfor HRMS(ESI)calcd for C14H11N3O6[M+H]+:318.072062;Found:318.073082.
实施例2
以下通过实施例对本发明进一步详细描述,本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举的具体实施方式。
一种(E)-N-亚苄基-3,5-二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂抑制神经氨酸酶活性测试方法如下:
所用试剂和实验仪器:神经氨酸酶抑制剂筛选试剂盒(购买自碧云天公司,产品编号:P0309)其中包括:神经氨酸酶检测缓冲液;神经氨酸酶;神经氨酸酶荧光底物;Milli-Q水,黑色96孔板,酶标仪。
神经氨酸酶抑制剂抑制神经氨酸酶活性测试步骤具体如下:
(1)将化合物Y-1的初始浓度配制成1000μmol/L,将其按照倍比稀释成7个浓度梯度,依次为1000μmol/L、200μmol/L、40μmol/L、8μmol/L、1.6μmol/L、0.32μmol/L、0.064μmol/L,配制3组。
(2)神经氨酸酶检测缓冲液每孔加入70微升于96孔酶标板中;神经氨酸酶每孔加入10微升;每孔加入10微升配好浓度的待测神经氨酸酶抑制剂样品。
(3)将96孔板置于多功能荧光酶标仪中,震荡混匀,1分钟;温度设置为37摄氏度,孵育2分钟,使神经氨酸酶与待测样品充分混匀、相互作用;取出96孔板,每孔再加入神经氨酸酶荧光底物10微升;再置于多功能荧光酶标仪中,震荡混匀,1分钟;于37摄氏度中孵育30分钟,激发波长设置为322nm,发射波长设置为450nm,孵育结束后开始测试;重复上述操作步骤,平行检测3次。
(4)注:96孔板中的第一个孔作为空白组,不加待测样品,加入10微升Milli-Q水。
(5)计算Y-1抑制神经氨酸酶的活性:抑制率(%)=(空白对照组荧光值-测试组荧光值)/空白对照组荧光值×100%,计算出各个浓度下的抑制率后,得到Y-1的抑制神经氨酸酶活性的IC50值为0.21μM。
实施例3
以下通过实施例对本发明进一步详细描述,本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举的具体实施方式,本发明中的抗H1N1流感病毒活性测试委托于上海药明康德新药开发有限公司。
一种(E)-N-亚苄基-3,5-二羟基苯甲酰腙类神经氨酸酶抑制剂抗H1N1流感病毒活性测试方法如下:
所用试剂和实验仪器:细胞维持液:DMEM+10%磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS,pH值=7.4)+1%盘尼西林和链霉素的双抗溶液(P/S);细胞感染液:DMEM+0.3%BSA+25mM HEPES+1mg/L胰酶;CellTiter-Luminesent Cell Viability Assay(promega);酶标仪。
流感病毒的TCID50由Reed Muench方法得到。
神经氨酸酶抑制剂抗H1N1流感病毒活性测试步骤具体如下:
(1)将终浓度为1×105细胞/毫升的MDCK细胞接种于载有细胞维持液的白底96孔细胞培养板中,置于37℃培养箱中过夜。待细胞长成单层后,弃掉原培养液,将实施例1所得的化合物Y-1用上述的细胞感染液倍比稀释成不同浓度,加入96孔板中,每孔100μL,每个浓度3个复孔。其中只加0.1mL细胞感染液的细胞为正常对照组。置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱72小时后从培养箱中取出使之降至室温,每孔加入25μL的CellTiter-试剂,避光震荡3分钟混匀后静置10分钟。置于酶标仪读数,记录荧光(Luminescence)数值,求出化合物Y-1对细胞的CC50值和无毒界限浓度(MNCC);细胞存活率%=试验孔荧光值/细胞对照孔荧光值×100%。
(2)将终浓度为1×105细胞/毫升的MDCK细胞接种于载有细胞维持液的白底96孔细胞培养板中,置于37℃培养箱中过夜。待细胞长成单层后,弃掉原培养液,同时加入20TCID50/50μL的A/WSN/33H1N1流感病毒悬液和50μL以不超过MNCC(无毒界限浓度)为最高浓度倍比稀释后的化合物Y-1溶液,每个浓度3个复孔。同时设正常细胞对照组、病毒对照组。96孔细胞培养板置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱内,每天在显微镜下观察有病毒引起死亡CPE(cytopathic effects)。当病毒对照组出现75%-100%CPE时从培养箱中取出。读数方法同CC50。求出化合物Y-1对细胞病变的半抑制浓度(IC50)。
表1对式Ⅰ化合物Y-1的半毒性浓度(CC50值)测试数据,表2对式Ⅰ化合物Y-1的半抑制浓度(IC50值)测试数据。
表1对化合物Y-1的半毒性浓度(CC50值)测试数据
细胞的存活率越高,说明分子的毒性越小,其CC50值也就越大。细胞存活率(%)=实验组OD值/细胞对照组OD值×100%。从上表的数据可以看出来Y-1的CC50值>100μM,无毒界限浓度(MNCC)也>100μM。(OD值是酶标仪测得的荧光值。)
表2对化合物Y-1的半抑制浓度(IC50值)测试数据
药物抑制率(%)=(实验组OD值-病毒对照组OD值)/(细胞对照组OD值-病毒对照组OD值)×100%。(OD值是酶标仪测得的荧光值。)
对目标化合物进行生物活性测试,利用Graph Pad Prism 6软件绘制出抑制剂加入量对神经氨酸酶活性的曲线图(图1),确定化合物的CC50和IC50值。其半毒性浓度(CC50值)>100μM,半抑制浓度(IC50值)为84.82μM,SI值(SI=CC50/IC50)大于1,说明其对A/WSN/33H1N1病毒株有很好的抑制效果,且毒性较小,成药性较高。阳性对照奥司他韦IC50=1.392μm,CC50>100mM,SI>72。
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