CN109734342A - A kind of bionic concrete coarse aggregate based on photocuring 3D printing and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of bionic concrete coarse aggregate based on photocuring 3D printing and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109734342A CN109734342A CN201910062902.0A CN201910062902A CN109734342A CN 109734342 A CN109734342 A CN 109734342A CN 201910062902 A CN201910062902 A CN 201910062902A CN 109734342 A CN109734342 A CN 109734342A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光固化3D打印的仿生混凝土粗骨料及其制备方法和应用，所述仿生混凝土粗骨料是以光固化树脂作为原料，通过3D打印方法所得，且该粗骨料包括主体结构和位于主体结构表面的仿生凸起结构，相对于现有技术，本发明提供的基于光固化3D打印的仿生混凝土粗骨料，粒型更加圆润饱满，从理论上增强了混凝土的工作性与耐久性。表面分布的仿生凸起结构增大了骨料与水泥浆体间的机械咬合作用，可以增强高分子聚合物与水泥基无机非金属材料的界面粘结力。使用光固化3D打印制备的混凝土粗骨料，成型精确、质量稳定、打印速度快，具有极大的代替天然碎石骨料的潜力。The invention discloses a biomimetic concrete coarse aggregate based on light-curing 3D printing and a preparation method and application thereof. Comprising a main structure and a bionic protruding structure on the surface of the main structure, compared with the prior art, the bionic concrete coarse aggregate based on photocuring 3D printing provided by the present invention has a more rounded and full grain shape, which theoretically enhances the work of concrete sex and durability. The bionic protruding structure distributed on the surface increases the mechanical engagement between the aggregate and the cement paste, and can enhance the interfacial adhesion between the high molecular polymer and the cement-based inorganic non-metallic material. The concrete coarse aggregate prepared by light-curing 3D printing has the advantages of precise molding, stable quality and fast printing speed, and has great potential to replace natural crushed stone aggregate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design of concrete coarse aggregate and preparation fields, provide a kind of based on the bionical of photocuring 3D printing
Concrete coarse aggregate and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
With the development of society, building trade is increasing to the demand of concrete.China concrete production and make
Dosage is in world forefront, consumes a large amount of resource and the energy every year.Aggregate is one of the raw material for producing concrete, is accounted for mixed
More than half of solidifying soil materials ratio.As the annual requirement of concrete steps up, the natural sand stone resource as aggregate
Demand is also higher and higher.It is shown according to the data that Chinese sandstone association provides: at present in chinese concrete raw material, steel,
The usage ratio of cement and sandstone aggregate is 1:6:36.The sandstone that highway builds km consumption is more than 50,000 tons, high
The sandstone that one km of the fast every extension of railway uses is about 70,000 tons, and the sandstone amount of the average every square metre of consumption of common building is about one
Ton.Now, the annual natural sand stone aggregate amount exploited, sold of China is more than 20,000,000,000 tons.
The excavation of natural stone, transport, broken and process require to consume big energy, right in mining process
The destruction of natural environment is also huge.Geologic feature is usually destroyed seriously, and a large amount of land resource is contaminated and unrestrained
Take.Geologic structure can be even affected, and lead to the generation of geological disaster.Use demand big in this way to Natural Resources In China and
The protection of ecological environment produces huge challenge.Current domestic Exploit sand and stone manufacturing enterprise is mostly medium-sized and small enterprises, can not shape
It is exploited at heavy industrialization.These enterprises lack centralized management and advanced production model, the more backward production work of use
Tool.The quality of production of aggregate cannot be guaranteed in addition different batches production aggregate in partial size, gradation and surface shape all
There is larger difference.The stone aggregate of some poor qualities contains a large amount of mountain flours, and particle is not full, or even exists many needle-shaped, sheet
Particle.In fact, having had a large amount of studies have shown that aggregate in concrete including partial size, gradation and surface shape
Property can generate very important influence to quality index such as integrally-built mechanical property and durabilities.
As the emerging technology that recent decades occur, increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology can
Ideally to solve the above problems.3D printing technique is also referred to as increases material manufacturing technology, is the graphics calculations energy using computer
Computer model by design is deposited into the technology of physical entity based on according to particular order by power by layer.Due to by means of
The powerful calculating ability of computer, 3D printing technique are very high to the precision of the hypostazation process of computer model, available pole
For accurate physical model.In addition, the print speed of 3D printing technique is very fast, it can be obtained be printed as in a relatively short period of time
Product, this is a big advantage compared with foundry engieering.
3D printing method based on photopolymerization reaction technology is shown one's talent, and there is model obtained best molding to differentiate
Rate and minimum characteristic size.The specimen molding precision prepared using photocuring 3D printing technique is very high.The work industrially used
Industry grade photocuring printer can accomplish that 30 μm of thickness continuously print, and common desktop grade photocuring printer prints thickness
Also at 50 μm or less.Since the molding mode of photocuring 3D printing technique is a molding (SLA) or face molding (DLP), so can
With the model of preparation structure complexity, realization requirement of the various models from the overall process for being designed into manufacture can satisfy completely.In addition,
Model layers slice, layering print procedure during photocuring 3D printing are all controlled by computer, the forming process of test specimen without
It interrupts, is also not required to operator and the operation such as overturns, assemble.And it is same set of to divide the test specimen of different batches printing can be used
Computer model, each step of print procedure is all identical with other batches under control of the computer, so specimen molding
The stability of quality is available to be effectively ensured.Since print procedure is monomer molecule or oligomer molecules under ultraviolet light irradiation
The process of polymerization reaction occurs, so test specimen is made without conventionally manufactured Noise In Workshop and vibration, influence for environment compared with
It is small.
Since relaxation exercise can occur under external force for macromolecular chain, high polymer integrally can show the external world higher
Toughness and elasticity.The compression strength of cement-based material is higher, and cost of material is lower, and source is wider.Since at the beginning of last century,
There are many compound research that scholar carries out high molecular polymer and cement-based material, it is developing progressively and is learned for an intersection
Section.
But the 3D printing of concrete coarse aggregate is studied at present, how to develop more excellent structure and more dominance can mix
Solidifying soil coarse aggregate, letter are to be solved.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in view of the above technical problems, it is solid that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of light with bionical characteristic
Change 3D printing concrete coarse aggregate and its preparation method and application, which can be used for substituting natural stone aggregate, improve
Concrete performance.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object of the invention, invention provides the following technical solutions:
A kind of bionical concrete coarse aggregate based on photocuring 3D printing, the bionical concrete coarse aggregate are with photosensitive tree
Rouge is as raw material, and as obtained by 3D printing method, and the coarse aggregate includes main structure and positioned at the bionical of main structure surface
Bulge-structure.
As preferred:
The main structure be solid perhaps hollow structure surface it is smooth or have groove structure, be positive in shape
Sphere or spheroid.
The bionical bulge-structure has the head overhead structure or the bionical protrusion knot of the neck and protrusion that tighten
Structure is curved needle bar shape structure.
The bionical bulge-structure is virus, sea urchin or the biomimetic features of Siberian cocklebur.
The photosensitive resin is selected from rigid photosensitive resin, flexible photosensitive resin, elastic photosensitive resin, the photosensitive tree of high-precision
Rouge, high rigidity photosensitive resin, high tenacity photosensitive resin, high-precision photosensitive resin etc., ingredient are modified or non-modified epoxy
Resin, epoxy acrylic ester group resin, unsaturated polyester (UP) base resin, polyester acrylic ester group resin and urethane acrylate
Base resin etc., these ingredients pass through addition nano silica, montmorillonite, Al2O3, MWCNT, carbon fiber, multi-walled carbon nanotube etc.
The reinforcement or functionalization monomer of various inorganic particles and corpus fibrosum, to the photosensitive resin carry out including but not limited to intensity,
The performance change of plasticity, hardness, fatigue, impact flexibility, conduction, thermally conductive, surface infiltration etc..
The preparation method of the bionical concrete coarse aggregate, including designing the structure first with Three-dimensional Design Software
Bionical concrete coarse aggregate model will be designed using digital light projection 3D printing method then using photosensitive resin as raw material
Model printing, through over cleaning, demoulding, ultraviolet lighting enhancing to get.
It is preferred that, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bionical concrete coarse aggregate that the structure is designed using Three-dimensional Design Software, by designed bionical coagulation
Native coarse aggregate does size conversion, obtains diameter 4.75mm, 7.5mm, 9.5mm, 12.5mm, 16mm, the coarse aggregate of 17.5mm, 19mm
Threedimensional model；Slicing treatment is done to bionical concrete coarse aggregate using three-dimensional slice software, and does addition support processing；
(2) using photosensitive resin as raw material, the model of step (1) is printed using digital light projection 3D printing technique, is passed through
Cleaning, demoulding, ultraviolet lighting enhancing to get.
Preferably, the condition of 3D printing are as follows: it is 3~5 layers that base, which prints the number of plies, and base's light application time is 25~40s,
Its layer light application time is 7~10s, and luminous flux is 300~500lm.
Preferably, cleaning agent is analysis absolute alcohol, it is 405nm wavelength LED shadowless lamp that illumination, which enhances light source, and power is
200W, light application time 1 hour.
The bionical concrete coarse aggregate is preparing the application in concrete, it is preferable that including using cement as gelling material
Water is added after mixing evenly as fine aggregate in material, normal sand, and the bionical concrete coarse aggregate is pressed into mortar center, is conserved,
To obtain the final product.
The present invention uses photocuring 3D printing aggregate, and shape can design, and partial size, gradation are controllable, and quality is stablized
Property can ensure.Can solve mechanism crushed stone matter aggregate size be difficult to, shape be difficult to unification, quality stability difference ask
Topic can also further achieve the purpose that protect environment, sustainable development.In addition, for 3D printing can manufacture complicated shape this
One characteristic, 3D printing aggregate can obtain unified new shape, can obtain the aggregate of structure, function integration.This
Invention fully considers aggregate grain shape and gradation collocation and forming technique limits instantly, using a kind of this new method of photocuring 3D printing
This ancient material of aggregate is prepared, proposes the design and preparation implementation method of a kind of novel coarse aggregate, obtained is mixed
Solidifying soil coarse aggregate has bionical characteristic, meets the requirement of concrete coarse aggregate grain shape.
Technical effect: compared with the existing technology, the bionical concrete thick bone provided by the invention based on photocuring 3D printing
Material, grain shape is more mellow and full full, theoretically enhances the workability and durability of concrete.The bionical protrusion knot of surface distribution
Structure increases the effect of the mechanical snap between aggregate and cement slurry, and it is nonmetallic with cement base inorganic that high molecular polymer can be enhanced
The interfacial adhesion of material.The concrete coarse aggregate prepared using photocuring 3D printing, molding is accurate, quality is stable, printing speed
Degree is fast, has the potentiality for greatly replacing natural rubble aggregate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of the present invention, wherein 1. solid positive sphere aggregate cores；2. tool
There is the bionical bulge-structure of aggregate on the head of the neck and protrusion that tighten；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of the present invention, wherein 1. hollow positive sphere aggregate cores；2. tool
There is the bionical bulge-structure of aggregate on the head of the neck and protrusion that tighten；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of the present invention, wherein 1. are distributed with the solid ellipsoid of groove
Type aggregate core；2. the sturdy curved bionical bulge-structure of needle bar shape aggregate；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of the present invention, wherein 1. are distributed with the solid ellipsoid of groove
Type aggregate core；2. the tiny curved bionical bulge-structure of needle bar shape aggregate；
Fig. 5 is single aggregate mortar compression chord strain curve of 12.5mm partial size；
Fig. 6 is single aggregate mortar compression chord strain curve of 4.75mm partial size.
Specific embodiment
The design of bionical concrete coarse aggregate, comprising the following steps:
(1) (Pro/Engineer, SolidWorks, AutoCAD, Unigraphics can be used using Three-dimensional Design Software
The business softwares such as NX or open source software) a kind of bionical concrete coarse aggregate is designed, as shown in Figs 1-4, main structure is positive spherical shape
Solid or hollow structure, or the solid spheroid shape structure for surface with groove structure, and surface distribution bionic protrusion knot
Structure, the bionical bulge-structure has the head overhead structure of the neck and protrusion that tighten or the bionical bulge-structure is
Curved needle bar shape structure.Designed bionical concrete coarse aggregate is done into size conversion using Three-dimensional Design Software, is obtained straight
The coarse aggregate threedimensional model of diameter 4.75mm, 7.5mm, 9.5mm, 12.5mm, 16mm, 17.5mm, 19mm；Use three-dimensional slice software
(Cura, Simplify3D, Craftware, the business softwares such as OctoPrint or open source software can be used) is thick to bionical concrete
Aggregate does slicing treatment, is characterized in 50 μm of thickness；Bionical concrete coarse aggregate is done at addition support using three-dimensional slice software
Reason.
(2) photosensitive resin selects general rigid photosensitive resin, and purchase is utilized from three-dimensional Science and Technology Ltd., Thinker, Shenzhen
Digital light projection 3D printing technique prints the model of step (1), through over cleaning, demoulding, ultraviolet lighting enhancing to get.
In step (1), the bionical concrete coarse aggregate core of design is positive spherical solid construction, is rotated by 360 ° by semicircle
It arrives, the center of circle (0,0), radius 3.5 (unit: mm).The bionical tentacle structure of rotary body characteristic is distributed on ball, is characterized in that there is contracting
The head overhead structure of tight neck and protrusion.Tentacle structure is rotated by 360 ° to obtain by spline curve, and spline curve is by 10 samples
Curve point composition (unit: mm): (0,2.50), (- 0.10,2.42), (- 0.35,2.45), (- 0.41,2.58), (- 0.33,
2.69), (- 0.25,2.95), (- 0.27,3.15), (- 0.55,3.34), (- 0.04,3.50), (0,3.50).In upper view benchmark
Four length of iso-surface patch are the reference axis of 5mm, and 1 angle of reference axis is 47.17 °, and reference axis 2 is trunnion axis (0 °), and reference axis 3 is
312.31 °, reference axis 4 is vertical axis (90 °).The rotary body for forming tentacle structure is done into array (circumference), is specifically included:
A. the feature of array is above-mentioned tentacle structure rotary body, and array axes are benchmark axis 2, and distribution angle is 360 °, example
Number is 8, equidistantly distributed；
B. the feature of array is above-mentioned tentacle structure rotary body, and array axes are benchmark axis 1, and distribution angle is 360 °, example
Number is 8, equidistantly distributed；
C. the feature of array is above-mentioned tentacle structure rotary body, and array axes are benchmark axis 3, and distribution angle is 360 °, example
Number is 8, equidistantly distributed；
D. the feature of array is above-mentioned tentacle structure rotary body, and array axes are benchmark axis 4, and distribution angle is 360 °, example
Number is 8, equidistantly distributed.
Embodiment 1
When 3D printing, it is 4 layers that setting base, which prints the number of plies, and base's light application time is 35s, and other layers of light application time are 8s,
Luminous flux is 375lm, prints the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of 12.5mm.The bionical concrete coarse aggregate after the completion of printing is taken, is utilized
Absolute alcohol cleaning, removal support are analyzed, the use of light source is the ultraviolet shadowless lamp of 405nm wavelength LED, power 200W irradiates 1h.It takes
Same particle size limestone coarse aggregate is cleaned, drying.Weigh water, cement, normal sand by the mass ratio of 1:2:6, after being sufficiently stirred at
Aggregate is respectively pressed into different cube centers by type 40mm*40mm*40mm cube.Curing temperature is 20 ± 2 DEG C, is supported
Protect 90% or more humidity.After conserving 28d, single aggregate mortar specimen of the bionical coarse aggregate of 3D printing and limestone coarse aggregate is averagely anti-
Compressive Strength is respectively 67.50MPa, 70.93Mpa；Specific strength is respectively 2.93 × 104Nm/kg, 3.00 × 104N·m/kg.Grain
Diameter is single aggregate mortar specimen compression chord strain curve of two kinds of aggregates of 12.5mm as shown in figure 5, with limestone coarse aggregate
The pure brittle fracture that shows of single aggregate mortar specimen compare, single aggregate mortar specimen of the bionical coarse aggregate of 3D printing is shown as
Certain flexibility and ductility.After the destruction of external cement-based material, the bionical coarse aggregate of 3D printing is still to cement-based material around
Certain connection, embedded squeezing, keying action are played, test block residual strength is higher than single aggregate mortar specimen of limestone coarse aggregate.
Embodiment 2
When 3D printing, it is 3 layers that setting base, which prints the number of plies, and base's light application time is 30s, and other layers of light application time are 9s,
Luminous flux is 400lm, prints the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of 4.75mm.The bionical concrete coarse aggregate after the completion of printing is taken, is utilized
Absolute alcohol cleaning, removal support are analyzed, the use of light source is the ultraviolet shadowless lamp of 405nm wavelength LED, power 200W irradiates 1h.It takes
Same particle size limestone coarse aggregate is cleaned, drying.Weigh water, cement, normal sand by the mass ratio of 1:2:6, after being sufficiently stirred at
Aggregate is respectively pressed into different cube centers by type 20mm*20mm*20mm cube.Curing temperature is 20 ± 2 DEG C, is supported
Protect 90% or more humidity.After conserving 28d, single aggregate mortar specimen of the bionical coarse aggregate of 3D printing and limestone coarse aggregate is averagely anti-
Compressive Strength is respectively 62.16MPa, 68.45Mpa；Specific strength is respectively 2.60 × 104Nm/kg, 2.77 × 104N·m/kg.Grain
Diameter is single aggregate mortar specimen compression chord strain curve of two kinds of aggregates of 4.75mm as shown in fig. 6, the bionical thick bone of 3D printing
Strain of the single aggregate mortar specimen of material and limestone coarse aggregate at limit stress is respectively 38.87 and 33.89, is shown
Certain flexibility and ductility.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bionical concrete coarse aggregate based on photocuring 3D printing, which is characterized in that the bionical concrete coarse aggregate
Be using photosensitive resin as raw material, as obtained by 3D printing method, and the coarse aggregate include main structure and be located at main structure
The bionical bulge-structure on surface.
2. bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the main structure is solid or empty
Core structure, surface is smooth to be perhaps positive sphere or spheroid with groove structure in shape.
3. bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bionical bulge-structure, which has, to be tightened
Neck and protrusion head overhead structure or the bionical bulge-structure be curved needle bar shape structure.
4. bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bionical bulge-structure be virus,
Sea urchin or the biomimetic features of Siberian cocklebur.
5. bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is photosensitive that the photosensitive resin is selected from rigidity
Resin, flexible photosensitive resin, elastic photosensitive resin, high-precision photosensitive resin, high rigidity photosensitive resin, high tenacity photosensitive resin or
High-precision photosensitive resin.
6. the preparation method of the described in any item bionical concrete coarse aggregates of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that including first with
The bionical concrete coarse aggregate model that Three-dimensional Design Software designs the structure utilizes number then using photosensitive resin as raw material
Word light projection 3D printing method designed model is printed, through over cleaning, demoulding, ultraviolet lighting enhancing to get.
7. the preparation method of bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 6, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the bionical concrete coarse aggregate of the structure is designed using Three-dimensional Design Software, designed bionical concrete is thick
Aggregate does size conversion, obtains diameter 4.75mm, 7.5mm, 9.5mm, and the coarse aggregate of 12.5mm, 16mm, 17.5mm, 19mm are three-dimensional
Model；Slicing treatment is done to bionical concrete coarse aggregate using three-dimensional slice software, and does addition support processing；
(2) using photosensitive resin as raw material, the model of step (1) is printed using digital light projection 3D printing technique, through over cleaning,
Demoulding, ultraviolet lighting enhancing to get.
8. the preparation method of bionical concrete coarse aggregate according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the condition of 3D printing
Are as follows: it is 3~5 layers that base, which prints the number of plies, and base's light application time is 25~40s, and other layers of light application time are 7~10s, and luminous flux is
300~500lm.
9. the described in any item bionical concrete coarse aggregates of claim 1-5 are preparing the application in concrete.
10. application according to claim 9, which is characterized in that including using cement as cementitious material, normal sand is as thin
Water is added after mixing evenly in aggregate, and the bionical concrete coarse aggregate is pressed into mortar center, conserve to get.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN110331390A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of ultralight bionic metal material |
| CN111704408A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of concrete prepared by using 3D printing intelligent design three-dimensional network skeleton and preparation method thereof |
| CN111923402A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-13 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A hybrid additive manufacturing method for rigid-flexible coupled components based on a liquid gel environment |
| CN112459326A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏宇辉住宅工业有限公司 | Assembly type laminated slab cast-in-place slab band structure based on BIM technology and construction method |
| CN113185181A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 东南大学 | 3D printing phase-change aggregate, preparation and application |
| CN113605168A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 黄鹏宇 | Old cement concrete adds spreads and reforms transform structure |
| CN115284410A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉理工大学 | 3D printing polymer reinforced concrete forming method with synchronous reinforcement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112459326A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏宇辉住宅工业有限公司 | Assembly type laminated slab cast-in-place slab band structure based on BIM technology and construction method |
| CN113185181A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 东南大学 | 3D printing phase-change aggregate, preparation and application |
| CN113605168A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 黄鹏宇 | Old cement concrete adds spreads and reforms transform structure |
| CN115284410A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉理工大学 | 3D printing polymer reinforced concrete forming method with synchronous reinforcement |
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