CN109729788A

CN109729788A - an interplanting planter

Info

Publication number: CN109729788A
Application number: CN201910152824.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱兆美; 邢帆; 金鑫; 张巍朋; 姬江涛; 贺智涛; 马淏
Original assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-28
Publication date: 2019-05-10

Abstract

One inter-species kind seeder, including rack, plough, sowing mechanism and suppression of soil mechanism, suppression of soil mechanism include trailing bar and press wheel, and successively front and back is arranged on the rack for plough, sowing mechanism, trailing bar and press wheel；Sowing mechanism includes multiple seed-boxes and discharging tube, and multiple seed-boxes are arranged along rack width direction, and each seed-box one discharging tube of corresponding installation is equipped with seeding valve between discharging tube and seed-box；The front end of plough is fixed with fibre optic compression sensor, there is wireless signal sending module in fibre optic compression sensor, pressure value to acquire fibre optic compression sensor is sent to the controller in rack in real time, and controller controls the opening and closing degree of the seeding valve according to the variation of the pressure value received.The present invention can be achieved to plant between two or more crops, and sow speed and the amount of sowing voluntarily are adjusted according to seeder travel speed, makes to sow more uniform, when the edge of a field turns to, can control stopping and sows, seed is avoided to waste.

Description

One inter-species kind seeder

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical fields, and in particular to it is a kind of realize plant between two or more crops between plant sowing Machine.

Background technique

With the fast development of modernized society, agricultural production is very heavy to the use of various agricultural machineries Depending on, but the seeding machinery of some large sizes can only use in the place of relatively flat, in the complex areas such as some mountain areas and hills It is not available.Although can use in complicated area now with some simple miniature seeding machines, miniature seeding machine is being walked When to the edge of a field, keep sowing mechanism exposed, a large amount of seeds is caused to waste.And miniature seeding machine can only be single a kind of kind of sowing Son can not carry out planting between multiclass seed.Peasant, which carries out seeding and fertilizing in complex area, can expend a large amount of physical strength and time, and make Industry low efficiency brings many inconvenience to life.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an inter-species kind seeder, which be may be implemented between two or more crops Kind, sow speed and the amount of sowing can also be voluntarily adjusted according to seeder travel speed, so that it is more uniform to sow, and on ground When head turns to, it can control stopping and sow, seed is avoided to waste.

To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:

One inter-species kind seeder, including rack, plough, sowing mechanism and suppression of soil mechanism, suppression of soil mechanism include covering Native plate and press wheel, successively front and back is arranged on the rack for plough, sowing mechanism, trailing bar and press wheel, the sowing mechanism Including multiple seed-boxes and discharging tube, multiple seed-boxes are arranged along rack width direction, each seed-box one row of corresponding installation Kind pipe, is equipped with seeding valve between discharging tube and seed-box；The front end of the plough is fixed with fibre optic compression sensor, light There is wireless signal sending module, the pressure value to acquire fibre optic compression sensor is sent in real time in fine pressure sensor Controller in rack, controller control the opening and closing degree of the seeding valve according to the variation of the pressure value received.

The plough is equipped with ditching depth regulating switch, to realize the adjustment of plough extension elongation on the rack.

The plough top has rack gear, and the ditching depth regulating switch is push switch, has and presses and bullet Two location status are played, when down state, the end of ditching depth regulating switch and rack gear engagement, to fix plough, When bouncing state, the end of ditching depth regulating switch and rack gear separation, the extension elongation of the above lower adjustment plough.

The native face of meeting of the trailing bar is inclined-plane, and trailing bar top is mounted on the bottom of rack by height adjustment mechanism.

The trailing bar top has rack gear, and the height adjustment mechanism is push switch, and push switch, which has, to be pressed Lower and bounce two location status, when down state, the end of push switch and rack gear engagement, with locking rack, fixation is covered Native plate；When bouncing state, push switch and rack gear separation, the height and position of the above lower adjustment trailing bar.

The rack is equipped with the power mechanism that driving press wheel advances.

Level detector is equipped in the seed-box, to monitor seed surplus.

The controller uses single-chip microcontroller or PLC.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention has multiple mutually independent seed-boxes and discharging tube, can satisfy two kinds of crops or two or more crops in this way Between plant operation；In addition to this, the present invention installs fibre optic compression sensor in plough front end, and in operation, plough is deep In soil, the pressure certain to fibre optic compression sensor, when seeder forward speed is accelerated, which increases accordingly, at this moment Controller can increase the opening degree of seeding valve according to the increase of pressure, so that sowing for seed and is sowed at speed Amount is all improved, and to adapt to the speed of seeder, similarly, when seeder speed reduces, the amount of sowing and speed of sowing can also be with It lowers, to realize the real-time adjustment for the amount of sowing；In addition, plough enters shallower in soil or even de- when seeder is to the edge of a field From soil, at this moment fibre optic compression sensor will it is exposed in air, fibre optic compression sensor, will not be to not by any pressure Controller sends pressure signal, and controller closes control seeding valve, after not receiving pressure signal to avoid seed Outflow waste.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of fibre optic compression sensor of the present invention；

Marked in the figure: 1, rack, 2, controller, 3, level detector, 4, seed-box, 5, power mechanism, 6, alarm lamp, 7, ditching depth Adjustment switch, 8, plough, 9, fibre optic compression sensor, 10, seeding valve, 11, discharging tube, 12, trailing bar, 13, height tune Save mechanism, 14, press wheel, 15, castellated plates.

Specific embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawing, further description of the technical solution of the present invention by specific embodiment.

As shown, an inter-species kind seeder, for being planted between two kinds of crops, as planted between corn and soybean, the sowing Plough 8, controller 2, sowing mechanism, trailing bar 12 and press wheel 14 are set gradually in the rack 1 of machine from front to back, wherein opening Ditch device 8, trailing bar 12 and press wheel 14 are respectively positioned on the lower section of rack 1, press wheel 14 by 1 top of rack motor or engine It is driven, rack 1 is equipped with hand steered mechanism, and hand steered mechanism is not shown in the figure；Or press wheel 14 does not access any power, this When seeder 1 front end of rack be arranged traction device, traction device, which is hung over, realizes seeding operation on tractor.

Ploughshare can be used in the plough 8, and meets setting fibre optic compression sensor 9, optical fiber pressure on native face in ploughshare There is wireless signal sending module, the pressure value to acquire fibre optic compression sensor 9 is sent to machine in real time in force snesor 9 Controller 2 on frame 1, plough 8 in rack 1 can up and down its embedded depth of adjustment, the adjustment of plough 8 is by ditching Depth adjustment switch 7 realizes that the ditching depth regulating switch 7 is push switch, has and presses and bounce two position shapes State, when down state, rack gear engagement on the end and plough 8 of ditching depth regulating switch 7, with locking rack, fixation is opened 8 position of ditch device, when bouncing state, the end of ditching depth regulating switch 7 and rack gear separation can adjust out up and down at this time The length that ditch device 8 stretches out.

The fibre optic compression sensor 9 is small in size compared with traditional pressure sensor, light-weight, has electrical isolation Property, not by electromagnetic interference, can be used in inflammable and explosive environment, the advantages that, in addition it can constitute optical fiber distributed type pressure pass Sensor, as shown in Fig. 2, the micro-bend degree of optical fiber changes therewith, when castellated plates 15 are by external disturbance so as to cause output light function The change of rate, the optical power detected by photodetector change to measure the size of external pressure indirectly.

The fibre optic compression sensor 9 experiences the pressure from soil layer after plough 8 enters soil layer, and should Pressure is converted into the electric signal of varying strength, and issues via the wireless module inside fibre optic compression sensor 9, the rack 1 On controller 2 be single-chip microcontroller, the signal that wireless module issues, and the electric signal with single-chip microcontroller storage inside are received by single-chip microcontroller Strength grade comparison, then corresponding signal is issued to sowing mechanism, control sowing mechanism operation, the adjustment amount of sowing and speed of sowing Degree.

The sowing mechanism include seed-box 4, discharging tube 11 and sowing pipe, seed-box 4 have it is multiple, along seeder machine For 1 width direction word order of frame in rack 1,4 bottom of seed-box is equipped with mouth of sowing, and mouth of sowing is connect with discharging tube 11, is sowed Pipe and discharging tube 11 are threadedly coupled (sowing pipe is conventional structure, and sowing pipe is not shown in Fig. 1), and the seed of whereabouts is through discharging tube 11 enter sowing pipe, then fall into the groove that plough 8 is outputed, in mouthful position or 11 upper end of the discharging tube setting seeding valve of sowing 10, seeding valve 10 is electrically operated valve, controls opening or closing for electrically operated valve, and adjustment opening degree by controller 2, real Now to the real-time adjustment for the amount of sowing.

It is additionally provided with level detector 3 in the seed-box 4, to monitor seed surplus, level detector 3 and 2 signal of the controller connect It connects, when seed surplus deficiency, it is bright to start alarm lamp 6 corresponding to the seed-box 4 according to the signal of level detector 3 for controller 2 It rises, operating personnel is prompted to add seed in time, the alarm lamp 6 is mounted on 1 tail portion of rack, and alarm lamp 6 and seed-box 4 one are a pair of It answers, and can also be corresponding with seed-box 4 using the alarm lamp 6 of different colours.

It is inclined-plane that the trailing bar 12, which meets native face, and 12 top of trailing bar is mounted on rack 1 by height adjustment mechanism 13 Bottom；12 top of trailing bar has rack gear, and the height adjustment mechanism 13 is push switch, and push switch, which has, to be pressed It is lower and bounce two location status, when down state, the end of push switch and rack gear engagement, with locking rack, The position of fixed trailing bar 12；When bouncing state, push switch and rack gear separation, the height of the above lower adjustment trailing bar 13 Spend position.

In the present embodiment, the controller 2 is using AT89C51 single-chip microcontroller, or uses PLC controller.

Claims

1. An inter-planting planter, comprising a frame (1), a trench opener (8), a seeding mechanism and a soil-covering suppression mechanism, wherein the soil-covering and suppression mechanism comprises a soil-covering plate (12) and a crushing wheel (14), and the opener ( 8) The sowing mechanism, the soil covering plate (12) and the pressing wheel (14) are arranged in sequence on the frame (1), characterized in that the sowing mechanism includes a plurality of seed boxes (4) and seed discharge pipes (11). ), a plurality of seed boxes (4) are arranged along the width direction of the rack (1), each seed box (4) is correspondingly installed with a seed discharge pipe (11), between the seed discharge pipe (11) and the seed box (4) A seed metering valve (10) is provided; the front end of the opener (8) is fixedly provided with an optical fiber pressure sensor (9), and the optical fiber pressure sensor (9) has a wireless signal sending module for connecting the optical fiber pressure sensor (9) ) The measured pressure value is sent to the controller (2) on the rack (1) in real time, and the controller (2) controls the opening and closing degree of the seed metering valve (10) according to the change of the received pressure value.

2. An inter-seed planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the opener (8) is provided with a trenching depth adjustment switch (7), so as to realize the opening of the opener (8) in the frame (1) Adjustment of the upper extension length.

3. An inter-seed planter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upper part of the opener (8) is provided with a rack, and the trenching depth adjustment switch (7) is a push switch with a push button. There are two positions of down and up. In the pressed state, the end of the ditching depth adjustment switch (7) is engaged with the rack to fix the opener (8). In the bounced state, the ditching depth is adjusted. The end of the switch (7) is separated from the rack, and the protruding length of the opener (8) is adjusted up and down.

4. An inter-seed planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil-facing surface of the soil-covering plate (12) is an inclined surface, and the top of the soil-covering plate (12) is installed on the machine through a height adjustment mechanism (13). Bottom of shelf (1).

5 . The inter-seed planter according to claim 4 , wherein the top of the soil covering plate ( 12 ) has a rack, the height adjustment mechanism ( 13 ) is a push switch, and the push switch has a push switch. 6 . In the down state and the pop-up state, the end of the push switch engages with the rack to lock the rack and fix the soil cover (12); in the pop-up state, the push switch and the tooth The strips are separated, and the height position of the soil cover plate (12) is adjusted up and down.

6 . The inter-seed planter according to claim 1 , wherein the frame ( 1 ) is provided with a power mechanism for driving the pressing wheel ( 14 ) forward. 7 .

7 . The inter-seed planter according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the seed box ( 4 ) is provided with a material level device ( 3 ) to monitor the remaining amount of seeds. 8 .

8 . The inter-seed planter according to claim 1 , wherein the controller ( 2 ) adopts a single-chip microcomputer or a PLC. 9 .