CN109716680A - Communication device and communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

The communication device of the disclosure includes: antenna element, including first electrode and second electrode；Communication circuit units use human body to execute communication as communication media via antenna element；And series circuit comprising switch and capacitor, switch and capacitor are one another in series coupling, and the series circuit couples between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Description

Communication device and communication system

Technical field

This disclosure relates to be suitable for using human body as communication media the communication device communicated and communication system.

Background technique

A kind of communication system using electric field communication technology known, uses human body as communication media.Quotation catalogue

Patent document

PTL 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2007-166185

PTL 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2014-45393

Summary of the invention

In the communication system using electric field communication technology, the variation of communication environment can lead to the deterioration of communication performance.

It is desirable to provide a kind of communication device and communication system, can inhibit to lead to caused by the variation due to communication environment Believe the deterioration of performance.

Communication device according to embodiment of the present disclosure includes: antenna element, including first electrode and second electrode；It is logical Believe circuit unit, uses human body to execute communication as communication media via antenna element；And series circuit comprising switch And capacitor, switch and capacitor are one another in series coupling, and coupling is between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Communication system according to embodiment of the present disclosure includes: first communication device；And secondary communication device, make Human body is used to execute the communication with first communication device as communication media, and in first communication device and secondary communication device At least one includes: antenna element, including first electrode and second electrode；Communication circuit units are used via antenna element Human body executes communication as communication media；And series circuit comprising switch and capacitor, switch and capacitor are one another in series Coupling, and couple between the first electrode and the second electrode.

According to the communication device or communication system of embodiment of the present disclosure, the property of can choose antenna element is being configured Increase capacitor between electrode.

According to the communication device or communication system of embodiment of the present disclosure, the property of can choose antenna element is being configured Increase capacitor between electrode, this allows to inhibit the deterioration of communication performance caused by the variation due to communication environment.

It it should be noted that effect described herein needs not be limited, and may include any effect described in the disclosure Fruit.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 be show according to use human body as the configuration diagram of the summary of the communication system of the comparative example of communication media.

Fig. 2 is the configuration diagram for showing the summary of the communication system according to comparative example.

Fig. 3 is explanatory diagram the problem of showing the communication system according to comparative example.

Fig. 4 is explanatory diagram the problem of showing the communication system according to comparative example.

Fig. 5 is explanatory diagram the problem of showing the communication system according to comparative example.

Fig. 6 is the frame for schematically showing the first profile instance of the communication device according to disclosure first embodiment Figure.

Fig. 7 is the block diagram for schematically showing the second profile instance of communication device according to first embodiment.

Fig. 8 is the block diagram for schematically showing the third profile instance of communication device according to first embodiment.

Fig. 9 is the reality of the range for the circuit part that be integrated in IC in the communication device shown according to first embodiment The block diagram of example.

Figure 10 is the explanatory diagram of the relationship between the capacitance and received signal level shown between electrode.

Figure 11 is in the communication device schematically shown according to first embodiment based on external control signal control electricity Hold the block diagram of the example of switching.

Figure 12 is in the communication device schematically shown according to first embodiment based on received signal level control electricity Hold the block diagram of the example of switching.

Figure 13 be in the communication device shown according to first embodiment capacitor switching switch state and capacitance it Between corresponding relationship explanatory diagram.

Figure 14 is that the control of the received signal level in the communication device schematically shown according to first embodiment is real The flow chart of example.

Figure 15 is in the communication device being shown schematically according to first embodiment in sending mode and reception pattern Between switching control flow chart.

Figure 16 is the block diagram for showing the example of illustrative arrangement of vehicle control system.

Figure 17 is the diagram of the example of the installation site of vehicle external information test section and imaging section.

Specific embodiment

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail with reference to the drawings.It should be noted that description is by suitable below Sequence provides.

0. comparative example (using human body as the summary of the communication system of communication media and problem) (Fig. 1 to Fig. 5)

1. first embodiment

1.1 basic configuration and operation (Fig. 6 to Figure 10)

1.2 control operation (Figure 11 to Figure 15)

1.3 effect

2. second embodiment (practical application example) (Figure 16 and Figure 17)

3. other embodiment

<0. comparative example>

(using human body as the general introduction of the communication system of communication media)

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows use electric field communication technology by human body 30 be used as communication media the communication according to comparative example The general introduction of system.

It include first communication device 110 and secondary communication device 120 according to the communication system 100 of this comparative example.

For example, as shown in Fig. 2, communication system 100 can be used for being mounted on smartwatch 93 and wrist strap terminal 94 etc. can It is logical between communication device in wearable device and the communication device in being mounted on the door handle 91 of door 90, smart phone 92 etc. Letter.One in first communication device 110 and secondary communication device 120 can be set in smartwatch 93 etc., and another It is a to can be set in smart phone 92 is equal.In addition, communication system 100 can be used for unlocking arrangements for automotive doors etc..For example, the first communication One in device 110 and secondary communication device can be set in arrangements for automotive doors.In addition, communication system 100 cannot be only used for Arrangements for automotive doors is unlocked, and can be used for unlocking the door 90 having for passing in and out the lock function in room etc..

First communication device 110 includes first antenna unit 115 and the first communication circuit units 113.First antenna unit 115 include the first body electrode 111 and the first space electrode 112 as communication electrodes.The coupling of first communication circuit units 113 To host 114.

Secondary communication device 120 includes the second antenna element 125 and the second communication circuit units 123.Second antenna element 125 include as the second body electrode 121 of communication electrodes and second space electrode 122.The coupling of second communication circuit units 123 To host 124.

Each of first communication circuit units 113 and the second communication circuit units 123 include that electric field communication mode is (quasi- Electrostatic field communication pattern) telecommunication circuit.

First communication circuit units 113 can include at least transmission circuit (transmitter).Second communication circuit units 123 can To include at least a reception circuit (receiver).Optionally, the first communication circuit units 113 and the second communication circuit units Each of 123 may include transmission-reception circuit, allow first communication device 110 and secondary communication device 120 it Between carry out two-way communication.

In the case where sending signal from first communication device 110, the first communication circuit units 113 are in the first body electrode 111 and first to generate between space electrode 112 include that the potential difference of the signal modulated by predetermined modulation pattern transmits signal.The One body electrode 111 is arranged to compare the first space electrode 112 closer to human body 30.Therefore, the first body electrode 111 is arranged to It is coupled with communication media (human body 30) with stronger electrostatic compared to the first space electrode 112.

In a communications system, between the first body electrode 111 and the second body electrode 121, by close in human body 30 Compared to second space electrode 122 closer to the part of the second body electrode 121, formation uses human body 30 as the people of communication media Side communication path.In addition, forming use space between the first space electrode 112 and second space electrode 122 (for example, empty Gas) space side communication path as communication media.

Between the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 generate with will be via human body side communication path and sky Between side communication path transmit the corresponding potential difference of transmission signal.The detection of second communication circuit units 123 is in the second human body electricity The potential difference generated between pole 121 and second space electrode 122 executes the modulating mode phase with the first communication circuit units 113 Corresponding demodulation process exports the reception signal as output signal to generate reception signal.

In electric field communication mode (quasi-electrostatic field communication pattern), reinforce first communication device 110 and secondary communication device Coupling between 120 body electrode allows to execute communication.As shown in Fig. 2, the contact of person to person's body electrode allows to Communication is executed, and only someone just allows to close to body electrode by will be logical to execute on electric field E distribution to human body surface Letter.Therefore, it can only be communicated in very close human body 30.Electric field communication mode has height simultaneous with wearable device Capacitive.

(problem)

In the communication system using electric field communication technology as described above, due to the variation of communication environment, communication performance It may deteriorate.

For example, as shown in figure 3, consider wear wherein be equipped with first communication device 110 wrist strap terminal 94 and with wherein The smart phone 92 for being equipped with secondary communication device 120 executes the case where communicating.In this case, it is worn in smart phone 92 In the case that the hand of side with wrist strap terminal 94 is held, communication distance (length of space side communication path) shortens.On the contrary, In the case where smart phone 92 is held by the hand of the palmistry pair with the side with wrist strap terminal 94, communication distance (space The length of side communication path) it is elongated.In this case, in the case where communication distance is short, received signal level is for example 1mV, but in the case where communication distance is long, received signal level be can reduce such as 0.1mV.

In addition, for example, as shown in figure 4, considering to wear the wrist strap terminal 94 for being wherein equipped with first communication device 110 and its In be equipped with secondary communication device 120 door 90 execute communication the case where.In this case, for example, secondary communication device 120 The second body electrode 121 be arranged in door handle 91, and second space electrode 122 is arranged in the main body of door.This In the case of, in the case where door handle 91 is touched by the hand of the side with wrist strap terminal 94, communication distance (space side communication The length in path) it shortens.On the contrary, the feelings touched in door handle 91 by the hand of the palmistry pair with the side with wrist strap terminal 94 Under condition, communication distance (length of space side communication path) is elongated.In this case, it in the case where communication distance is long, connects Receiving signal level is such as 5mV, but in the case where communication distance is short, received signal level can become the big of such as 50mV Signal level.

As described above, changing communication distance according to use condition can change received signal level.Furthermore, it is possible to pass through peace The sizes of communication electrodes in each communication device changes received signal level.For example, being mounted on the communication in door 90 Electrode can have the configuration for being greater than the communication electrodes being mounted in smart phone 92.The space electrode being mounted in door 90 Size can have the configuration for being greater than the space electrode being mounted in smart phone 92.Therefore, logical with the execution of door 90 In the case where letter, the case where communicating is executed compared to smart phone 92, the level for receiving signal can be bigger.

Therefore, the communication of smart phone 92 of small space electrode etc. is executed and is equipped under conditions of communication distance is elongated In the case where, receiving signal can have the small received signal level of the very close communication limit.In addition, shortening in communication distance Under conditions of execute and be equipped with the communication of door 90 of large space electrode etc. in the case where, received signal level may become too big And signal is caused to be saturated.

As described above, the dynamic range of received signal level is big in the communication system using electric field communication technology.Logical In the case where believing that electrode is small and communication distance is long, received signal level can become for example, about signal level of 0.1mV.On the contrary, Big in communication electrodes and in the case that communication distance is short, received signal level can become such as 100mV or higher signal electricity It is flat.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 5, it is envisioned that receiving circuit has wherein in the output stage of LNA (low-noise amplifier) 21 The configuration of middle setting AGC (automatic growth control) circuit 22.In order to ensure communication, receiving circuit is usually to pass through small signal levels Input ensure the circuit of SNR (signal-to-noise ratio)；However, in doing so, the input of big signal level causes signal to be saturated. Agc circuit 22 is possible to solve this problem to a certain extent (but limitedly).In addition, if signal agc circuit 22 it It is saturated in circuit in preceding grade, then can not eliminate the saturation of signal by agc circuit 22.

For example, as shown in figure 5, the output of agc circuit 22 such as specified (as a specification) becomes 100mV.It examines Worry makes to receive circuit work to be that minimum has 0.1mV, the incoming level as the reception signal to LNA 21.Assuming that LNA 21 Gain is 20dB.In order to make the output 100mV of agc circuit 22, the gain of agc circuit 22 needs 40dB.In agc circuit 22 In the case that gain-variable width is 40dB, minimum AGC gain is 0dB.At this point, the incoming level in LNA21 is more than 10mV's In the case of, the output of agc circuit 22 is more than 100mV.Accordingly, there exist signals to be input into after agc circuit 22 or agc circuit 22 Grade in circuit saturation a possibility that.Moreover, it is assumed that the maximum output of LNA 21 is 100mV, if incoming level is more than 100mV, then signal is saturated in LNA 21.

As indicated above, it is desirable to develop the communication device and communication system for the signal level that can correspond to have Larger Dynamic range System.

In addition, can be easy to cause using large electrode etc. in receiving side in the communication system using electric field communication technology Big voltage is generated, to establish communication before the body electrode with communication parter contacts.Therefore, it is intended that exploitation can be according to need Inhibit the technology of communication performance.

<1. first embodiment>

[1.1 basic configuration and operation]

Communication device according to the present embodiment is characterized in that, couples series electrical between the first electrode and the second electrode Road, series circuit include be one another in series coupling capacitor switching switch and capacitor.First electrode may be used as body electrode.The Two electrodes may be used as space electrode.

Communication device according to the present embodiment can be applied in the communication system 100 according to aforementioned comparative example One or both in one communication device 110 and secondary communication device 120.In addition to switching switch and capacitor including capacitor with following Except the relevant part of the series circuit of device, the configuration of communication device and communication system according to the present embodiment can be with basis The communication device of above-mentioned comparative example shown in FIG. 1 and the configuration of communication system are substantially similar.Below, it describes to wrap as example It includes capacitor switching and switchs the case where being applied to secondary communication device 120 with the series circuit of capacitor；However, substantially similar Configuration can be applied to first communication device 110.In addition, first communication device 110 and secondary communication device 120 may be used as it is double To the transceiver for sending and receiving data.

Fig. 6 schematically shows the first profile instance of the communication device of the first embodiment according to the disclosure.

Communication device according to the present embodiment includes transmitting line unit 10, sends switching switch 12, receives circuit list Member 20, series circuit 40, transmission-reception mode controller 41 and switch controller 43.For example, the transmission at least in these components Circuit unit 10 and receiving circuit unit 20 are arranged in the second communication circuit units 123 in Fig. 1.

In addition, communication device according to the present embodiment includes as the second body electrode 121 of first electrode and conduct The second space electrode 122 of second electrode.Second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 constitute the second antenna in Fig. 1 Unit 125.

The series circuit 40 being arranged between the second antenna element 125 and the second communication circuit units 123 is coupled in second Between body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122.Series circuit 40 include be one another in series coupling capacitor switching switch SW with Capacitor 42.

Transmitting line unit 10 is in the transmit mode via the second body electrode 121 and the output hair of second space electrode 122 The number of delivering letters.Transmitting line unit 10 includes sending driver 11.

Receiving circuit unit 20 connects via the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 in the receiving mode The collection of letters number.Receiving circuit unit 20 includes LNA 21 and reception signal processor 23.

It sends switching switch 12 and is coupled in transmitting line unit 10 and the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 Between the two.Sending switching switch 12 includes the switch that switching is executed between sending mode and reception pattern.

Transmission-reception mode controller 41 sends the switching of switching switch 12 by control to control sending mode and reception Switching between mode.

Switch controller 43 executes the switching of the capacitor switching switch SW of series circuit 40, to control whether in the second human body Increase the switching of capacitor between electrode 121 and second space electrode 122.

Switch controller 43 executes the switching of capacitor switching switch SW based on the signal level of signal is for example received.This Outside, switch controller 43 can execute the switching of capacitor switching switch SW based on external control signal.

Switch controller 43 can turn off the capacitor switching switch SW of series circuit 40 in the transmit mode.In addition, switch Controller 43 can turn on and off the capacitor switching switch SW of series circuit 40 in the receiving mode.

Fig. 7 schematically shows the second profile instance of communication device according to the present embodiment.

In the profile instance of Fig. 6, the second body electrode 121 as first electrode and the second sky as second electrode Between each of electrode 122 be couple to the second telecommunication circuit including at least transmitting line unit 10 and receiving circuit unit 20 Unit 123, and between the second antenna element 125 and the second communication circuit units 123 execute differential signal transmission.

On the contrary, second space electrode 122 can be grounded, and can be in the second human body in profile instance such as in Fig. 7 Single-ended signal is transmitted between electrode 121 and the second communication circuit units 123.

Fig. 8 schematically shows the third profile instance of communication device according to the present embodiment.

Profile instance in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 respectively may include multiple series circuits 40.In this case, the second human body Capacitance between electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 can be cut by switching each capacitor in multiple series circuits 40 Any of change switch SW and be switched to multiple values.In this case, each capacitor 42 in multiple series circuits 40 Capacitance can be different from each other.

Switch controller 43 can by independently control each capacitor in multiple series circuits 40 switch switch SW come Allow the capacitance between the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 being switched to any of multiple values.

For example, switch controller 43 can execute the switching of capacitor switching switch SW, in the signal level for receiving signal Reduce the capacitance between the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 in the case where equal to or less than predetermined minimum value, And increase the second body electrode 121 and second in the case where the signal level for receiving signal is equal to or more than predetermined maximum Capacitance between space electrode 122.

Fig. 8 is shown is arranged the first series circuit 40A, the second series circuit 40B and third series connection in the profile instance of Fig. 6 Profile instance of the circuit 40C as multiple series circuits 40.

First series circuit 40A include be one another in series coupling capacitor switching switch SW1 and first capacitor device 42A.Second Series circuit 40B include be one another in series coupling the second capacitor switching switch SW2 and the second capacitor 42B.Third series circuit 40C include be one another in series coupling third capacitor switching switch SW3 and third capacitor 42C.

Assuming that the capacitance of first capacitor device 42A is C, for example, the capacitance of the second capacitor 42B can be 2C, and The capacitance of third capacitor 42C can be 4C.

Fig. 9 shows the model for the circuit part that be integrated in IC (integrated circuit) in communication device according to the present embodiment The example enclosed.

In the profile instance of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, at least can in a semiconductor device with the second communication circuit units 123 are arranged the capacitor switching switch SW that capacitor switches switch SW and capacitor 42 together.

In the case where the profile instance of Fig. 8, for example, as shown in figure 9, one can be configured by the first circuit part 301 A semiconductor device.Optionally, second circuit part 302 can be configured as a semiconductor device.Optionally, tertiary circuit Part 303 can be configured as a semiconductor device.

Herein, the first circuit part 301 may include transmitting line unit 10, send switching switch 12, receive circuit Unit 20 and transmission-reception mode controller 41.

Other than the first circuit part 301, second circuit part 302 can also include switch controller 43 and first to Third capacitor switches switch SW1, SW2 and SW3.

Other than second circuit part 302, third circuit portion 303 can also include first to third capacitor 42A, 42B and 42C.

(relationship between capacitance and received signal level between electrode)

Capacitance and reception signal electricity between electrode in the communication device of 0 description according to the present embodiment referring to Fig.1 Relationship between flat.

It can be indicated by the equivalent circuit in the lower part of Figure 10 in the communication system 100 according to aforementioned comparative example First antenna unit 115 (the first body electrode 111 and the first space electrode 112) and 125 (the second human body electricity of the second antenna element Pole 121 and second space electrode 122) between circuit.Herein, Va indicates to send signal level, and Vb indicates input signal electricity Flat (received signal level), and Ca representation space capacitance.Cb indicates the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 Between input capacitance value (capacitance between receiving electrode).

Low about two orders of magnitude of the impedance ratio space capacitance Ca of human body 30；Therefore, even if human body 30 is considered as short circuit, accidentally Poor also very little.Therefore, the circuit on the top of Figure 10 can be indicated by the equivalent circuit of the lower part of Figure 10.In such case, Vb/Va is indicated by following formula.

Vb/Va=Ca/ (Ca+Cb)

Herein, capacitance Ca in space is sufficiently smaller than input capacitance value Cb；Therefore, the approximation of Vb/Va is by following expression Formula indicates.

Vb/Va≈Ca/Cb

In other words, received signal level Vb and input capacitance value Cb is inversely proportional.In the case where Cb is doubled, signal is received Level Vb becomes 1/2.

That is, increasing input capacitance value Cb allows to reduce received signal level Vb.On the contrary, reducing input capacitance value Cb makes Received signal level Vb can be increased by obtaining.

Therefore, in Fig. 6 into circuit shown in Fig. 8, the capacitance changed between electrode allows to change reception signal Level.In other words, for example, in the circuit in fig. 6, compared with the case where turning off capacitor switching switch SW, connecting capacitor switching Switch SW allows to subtract to increase capacitor between the second body electrode 121 and second space electrode 122 by capacitor 42 Small received signal level.

[1.2 control operation]

In communication device according to the present embodiment, for example, as shown in figure 11, can be executed based on external control signal By switch controller 43 to will the switching of increased capacitor between the electrodes control.External control signal may include user's Setting signal or control signal based on such as communication distance etc..In this case, it is cut based on external control signal execution It changes after control, switch controller 43 can switch the capacitance that switch will be added between the electrodes with fixation with fixed capacity.

In addition, for example, as shown in figure 12, communication device according to the present embodiment can also include signal level detecter 44.Signal level detecter 44 can detecte the signal level of the reception signal exported from LNA 21.Switch controller 43 can be with It is executed based on the received signal level detected by signal level detecter 44 to cutting increased capacitor between the electrodes The control changed.

Figure 13 shows first to the switching of third capacitor switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 in circuit configuration example shown in Figure 12 State and capacitance between corresponding relationship.The capacitance that Figure 13 shows first capacitor device 42A is C, the second capacitor 42B The example that capacitance is 2C, the capacitance of third capacitor 42C is 4C.

As shown in figure 13, switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 are switched by switching first to third capacitor, allows switch controller First to third capacitor 42A, 42B and 42C combination capacitor is changed into the value within the scope of 0 to 7C by 43.

Herein, it is assumed that V1 indicates the minimum setting value of received signal level, and V2 indicates received signal level most Big setting value.For example, switch controller 43 can execute the switching control of capacitance, received signal level is switched to from V1 Level in the range of V2 (including V1 and V2).For example, in the case where received signal level is less than V1, switch controller 43 First to third capacitor switching switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 be can control so that capacitance is reduced a step-length.In addition, receiving In the case that signal level is greater than V2, switch controller 43 can control first to the switching of third capacitor switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 Capacitance is increased a step-length.Therefore, received signal level is automatically switched from V1 to V2 (including V1 and V2) Level in range.

The example that Figure 14 shows the control flow of the switching of the capacitor based on received signal level.

Figure 14 is shown in the circuit configuration of Figure 12, and switching setting value ssw as shown in Figure 13 is based on received signal level Control first switch to the state of the switching of third capacitor switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 will increased capacitor between the electrodes reality Example.It should be noted that Esig indicates the received signal level detected by signal level detecter 44.

Firstly, switch controller 43 is set as initial value (=0) (step S101) for setting value ssw is switched.Next, opening It closes controller 43 and determines whether the received signal level Esig detected by signal level detecter 44 is greater than minimum setting value V1 (step S102).

(the step S102 in the case where received signal level Esig is equal to or less than and is greater than minimum setting value V1；N), connect down Carry out switch controller 43 and determines whether switching setting value ssw is minimum value (=0) (step S103).It is in switching setting value ssw (step S103 in the case where minimum value；Y), switch controller 43 returns to the processing in step S102.In switching setting value ssw It is not (step S103 in the case where minimum value；N), switching setting value ssw is reduced a step-length by following switch controller 43 (step S104), and return to the processing in step S102.

On the contrary, (the step S102 in the case where received signal level Esig is greater than minimum setting value V1；Y), next open It closes controller 43 and determines whether the received signal level Esig detected by signal level detecter 44 is less than maximum set value V2 (step S105).(the step S105 in the case where received signal level Esig is less than maximum set value V2；Y), switch controller 43 return to the processing in step S102.

(the step S105 in the case where received signal level Esig is equal to or more than maximum set value V2；N), next open It closes controller 43 and determines whether switching setting value ssw is maximum value (=7) (step S106).It is maximum in switching setting value ssw (step S106 in the case where value；Y), switch controller 43 returns to the processing in step S102.

(the step S106 in the case where switching setting value ssw and being not maximum value；N), following switch controller 43 will be cut It changes setting value ssw and increases a step-length (step S107), and return to the processing in step S102.

Figure 15 is shown schematically in the control example switched between sending mode and reception pattern.In the following, with the structure of Fig. 6 It makes and is illustrated for example.

Transmission-reception mode controller 41 and switch controller 43 monitor the switching between sending mode and reception pattern (step S201).(the step S201 in the case where performing the switching between sending mode and reception pattern；Y), transmission-reception Mode controller 41 and switch controller 43 determine whether switching is switched to sending mode (step S202).

(the step S202 in the case where the switching is switched to sending mode；Y), firstly, switch controller 43 turns off capacitor Switch switch SW (step S203).Hereafter, transmission-reception mode controller 41, which is connected, sends switching switch 12 (step S204), And process returns to the processing in step S201.

On the contrary, (the step S202 in the case where switching is switched to reception pattern；N), firstly, transmission-reception scheme control The shutdown of device 41 sends switching switch 12 (step S205).Hereafter, capacitor switching switch SW connects capacitor switching switch SW (step S206), and process returns to the processing in step S201.

[1.3 effect]

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the property of can choose configuration communication device antenna element electrode it Between increase capacitor, this allows to inhibit the deterioration of the communication performance as caused by the variation of communication environment.

According to the present embodiment, increase capacitor between the electrode of antenna element for constituting communication device to allow to reduce Received signal level.Increase capacitor in the case where reception signal is excessive, can prevent reception circuit from be saturated signal.

Any of in addition, according to the present embodiment, observe received signal level and be switched to multiple capacitors, so that can To execute operation corresponding with agc circuit.This allows to simplify existing agc circuit (reducing dynamic range) or eliminates existing Agc circuit.

In addition, technology according to the present embodiment even can be used for following purpose, such as it is easy to cause using large electrode Communication performance is limited in the case where receiving side generates big voltage, to establish before the body electrode with communication parter contacts Communication.

It should be noted that effect described in specification be merely illustrative with it is unrestricted, and may include it His effect.This is also applied for the effect realized by following other embodiments.

<2. second embodiments (practical application example)>

It is suitable for various products according to the technology of the disclosure.For example, can be taken office according to the technology of the disclosure with to install The form of the device of the mobile main body of what type is realized.The example of moving body includes automobile, electric vehicle, hybrid electric Vehicle, motorcycle, bicycle, personal movement, aircraft, unmanned vehicle, ship, robot, building machinery, agricultural machinery (tractor) etc..

Note that in the following description, each of GSM and HDMI are registered trademarks.

Figure 16 is the block diagram for showing the example of illustrative arrangement of vehicle control system 7000, which is can Using as the example according to the moving body control system of the technology of embodiment of the present disclosure.Vehicle control system 7000 includes The multiple electronic control units being connected to each other via communication network 7010.In example illustrated in fig. 16, vehicle control system 7000 include drive system control unit 7100, bodywork system control unit 7200, battery control unit 7300, the inspection of vehicle external information Survey unit 7400, in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 and integrated control unit 7600.Multiple control units are connected to each other Communication network 7010 can be the vehicle-carrying communication network for meeting arbitrary standards, such as, controller area net (CAN), Interconnected Net (LIN), local area network (LAN), FlexRay (registered trademark) etc..

Each control unit includes: microcomputer, executes calculation process according to various programs；Storage unit is stored by micro- Type computer execute program, for parameter of various operations etc.；And driving circuit, drive various control target devices.Respectively A control unit further comprises: network interface (I/F), logical with other control units for executing via communication network 7010 Letter；And communication I/F, for passing through the equipment of wire communication or radio communication execution and vehicle interior and outside, sensor Deng communication.The functional configuration of integrated control unit 7600 shown in Figure 16 includes microcomputer 7610, all purpose communication I/F 7620, private communication I/F 7630, positioning region 7640, beacon reception unit 7650, in-vehicle device I/F 7660, sound/image are defeated Portion 7670, In-vehicle networking I/F 7680 and storage unit 7690 out.Other control units be also similarly included microcomputer, Communicate I/F, storage unit etc..

Drive system control unit 7100 according to the work of various programs pair equipment relevant to the drive system of vehicle into Row control.For example, drive system control unit 7100 is used as control equipment to control: for generating the driving of the driving force of vehicle Force generation device, internal combustion engine, driving motor etc.；For transferring a driving force to the driving force transfer mechanism of wheel；For Adjust the steering mechanism of the steering angle of vehicle；For generating the braking equipment etc. of the brake force of vehicle.Drive system control unit 7100 can have the function of the control equipment of anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic stability control (ESC) etc..

Drive system control unit 7100 is connected with vehicle state detecting section 7110.Vehicle state detecting section 7110 for example wraps It includes at least one of lower list: detecting the gyro sensor of the angular speed of the axial rotation motion of vehicle body, detect vehicle The acceleration transducer of acceleration, and the operating quantity of operating quantity, brake pedal for detecting accelerator pedal, steering wheel The sensor of the rotation speed of steering angle, engine speed or wheel etc..7100 use of drive system control unit is from vehicle shape The signal that state test section 7110 inputs executes calculation process, to control internal combustion engine, driving motor, electric power steering apparatus, system Dynamic equipment etc..

Bodywork system control unit 7200 controls the work for the various equipment that vehicle body is assembled according to various programs. For example, bodywork system control unit 7200 is used as control equipment to control: keyless access system, intelligent key system are electronic The various lamps such as vehicle window equipment or headlamp, back-up lamp, Brake lamp, turn signal, fog lamp.In this case, bodywork system controls Unit 12020 can receive the signal of radio wave or various switches that the mobile device from substitution key is transmitted as defeated Enter.Bodywork system control unit 7200 receives the radio wave or signal of these inputs, to control the door latch device, electronic of vehicle Vehicle window equipment, lamp etc..

Battery control unit 7300 is controlled according to secondary cell 7310 of the various programs to the power supply for being used as driving motor System.For example, battery control unit 7300 is received from the battery apparatus for including secondary cell 7310 about battery temperature, electricity The information such as remaining capacity of pond output voltage, battery.Battery control unit 7300 executes calculation process using these signals, executes The temperature of secondary cell 7310 adjusts control, or controls etc. the cooling equipment of battery apparatus.

The detection of vehicle external information detection unit 7400 includes the information of the outside of the vehicle of vehicle control system 7000.For example, Vehicle external information detection unit 7400 is at least connected with one in imaging section 7410 and vehicle external information test section 7420.Imaging section 7410 include flight time (ToF) camera, stereoscopic camera, monocular camera, infrared camera and other it is magazine at least one. Vehicle external information test section 7420 may include at least one of lower list: for detecting current atmospheric conditions or weather condition Environmental sensor includes other vehicles on periphery of vehicle, barrier, pedestrian of vehicle control system 7000 etc. for detecting Peripheral information detection sensor.

Environmental sensor for example can be at least one of lower list: detecting the Raindrop sensor of rain, detects the mist of mist Sensor detects the sunshine recorder of degree of exposure, and the ice sensor of detection snowfall.Peripheral information detection sensor can be with It is at least one of lower list: ultrasonic sensor, radar equipment and LIDAR device (light detection and distance-measuring equipment, or Laser imaging detection and distance-measuring equipment).Each of both imaging section 7410 and vehicle external information test section 7420 may be configured as Standalone sensor or equipment, or may be configured as multiple sensors or integration of equipments in equipment wherein.

The example that Figure 17 shows the installation site of imaging section 7410 and vehicle external information test section 7420.Imaging section 7910, 7912, it 7914,7916 and 7918 can be disposed in prenasal, side-view mirror, rear bumper, back door and the vehicle of vehicle 7900 At the position on the top of the windshield in portion.It is arranged in the windshield of the imaging section 7910 and arrangement of prenasal inside the vehicle Top imaging section 7918 mainly obtain vehicle 7900 front image.It is arranged in the imaging section 7912 and 7914 of side-view mirror The image of the main side for obtaining vehicle 7900.The imaging section 7916 for being arranged in rear bumper or back door mainly obtains vehicle 7900 Rear image.The imaging section 7918 on the top of arrangement windshield inside the vehicle mainly for detection of front vehicles, Pedestrian, barrier, signal, traffic sign, lane etc..

Incidentally, the example that Figure 17 shows the coverage of each imaging section 7910,7912,7914 and 7916.Imaging Range a indicates the areas imaging for being arranged in the imaging section 7910 of prenasal.Areas imaging b and c, which are respectively indicated, is arranged in side-view mirror The areas imaging of imaging section 7912 and 7914.Areas imaging d indicate be arranged in rear bumper or back door imaging section 7916 at As range.For example, can be obtained by the image data that imaging section 7910,7912,7914 and 7916 is imaged from top by superposition The vehicle 7900 of observation gets a bird's eye view image.

It is arranged in outside the vehicle on front, rear portion, side and the corner of vehicle 7900 and the windshield top of vehicle interior Infomation detection portion 7920,7922,7924,7926,7928 and 7930 can be ultrasonic sensor or radar equipment.It is arranged in vehicle The vehicle external information detection on the windshield top of 7900 prenasal, the rear bumper of vehicle 7900, back door and vehicle interior Portion 7920,7926 and 7930 can be LIDAR device.These vehicle external information test sections 7920~7930 are mainly for detection of front Vehicle, pedestrian, barrier etc..

Figure 16 is returned to, continues to describe.Vehicle external information detection unit 7400 makes imaging section 7410 that outside vehicle be imaged Image and the image data for receiving imaging.In addition, vehicle external information detection unit 7400 is single from the detection of vehicle external information is connected to The vehicle external information test section 7420 of member 7400 receives detection information.When vehicle external information test section 7420 is ultrasonic sensor, thunder When up to equipment or LIDAR device, vehicle external information detection unit 7400 sends ultrasonic wave, electromagnetic wave etc., and receives about institute The information of received back wave.Based on received information, test object (such as road can be performed in vehicle external information detection unit 7400 People, vehicle, barrier, mark, symbol on face etc.) processing, or execute detect object distance processing.Believe outside vehicle Cease detection unit 7400 can performing environment identifying processing based on received information, to identify rainfall, mist, pavement conditions etc..Vehicle External information detection unit 7400 can calculate the distance of the object of outside vehicle based on received information.

In addition, the executable object for identification of vehicle external information detection unit 7400 is (such as based on institute's received image data People, vehicle, barrier, mark, symbol on road surface etc.) image recognition processing, or execute the distance for detecting object Processing.Vehicle external information detection unit 7400 can carry out the processing such as distortion correction, alignment to the received image data of institute, and Image or panoramic picture are got a bird's eye view by combining the image data generation that multiple and different imaging sections 7410 are imaged.The detection of vehicle external information is single The image data that different imaging sections 7410 can be used to be imaged for member 7400 is handled to execute viewpoint translation.

The information of the detection vehicle interior of in-vehicle information detection unit 7500.In-vehicle information detection unit 7500 can connect Detect the driver state detecting portion 7510 of driver status.Driver state detecting portion 7510 may include the phase for shooting driver Machine, biosensor, the microphone of sound for collecting vehicle interior of the biological information that detect driver etc..Biosensor can To be arranged in seat surface, steering wheel etc., and detect the life of the passenger being seated in the seat or the driver for holding steering wheel Object information.Based on the detection information inputted from driver state detecting portion 7510, in-vehicle information detection unit 7500 can be calculated and be driven The degree of fatigue for the person of sailing or the attention intensity of driver, or can distinguish whether driver is dozing off.In-vehicle information Detection unit 7500 can carry out the processing of noise Processing for removing etc. to the audio signal obtained by sound collecting.

Integrated control unit 7600 controls the overall operation in vehicle control system 7000 according to various programs.Collection It is connect at control unit 7600 with input unit 7800.Input unit 7800 is the equipment that input operation can be carried out by passenger, example Such as, touch panel, button, microphone, switch, control-rod etc..Integrated control unit 7600 can receive to via microphone input Voice carry out speech recognition data obtained.Input unit 7800 can be using the long-range of infrared ray or other radio waves Equipment is controlled, or can be such as mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA) for supporting the operation of vehicle control system 7000 Deng external connection apparatus.Input unit 7800 can be camera.In this case, passenger can input information by posture. Alternatively, the data that the movement that can input the wearable device worn by detection passenger obtains.In addition, input unit 7800 can Including input control circuit etc., the input control circuit etc. based on by passenger etc. using the information that above-mentioned input unit 7800 inputs and Input signal is generated, and input signal generated is exported to integrated control unit 7600.Passenger etc. can pass through operation input Portion 7800 inputs various data, the instruction of processing operation to vehicle control system 7000.

Storage unit 7690 may include storing the read-only memory (ROM) of the various programs executed by microcomputer and depositing Store up the random access memory (RAM) of various parameters, operating result, sensor values etc..In addition, storage unit 7690 can be such as hard Magnetic storage device, semiconductor memory apparatus, optical storage apparatus, the magneto-optical storage device etc. of disk drive (HDD) etc..

All purpose communication I/F 7620 is widely used communication I/F, and communication I/F reconciles and be present in external environment The communication of various devices in 7750.All purpose communication I/F 7620 can be realized: cellular communication protocol, such as global mobile communication system Unite (GSM (registered trademark)), global intercommunication microwave access (WiMAX (registered trademark)), long term evolution (LTE (registered trademark)), (also referred to as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi (the registration of LTE advanced (LTE-A) etc. or other wireless communication protocols, such as Wireless LAN Trade mark)), bluetooth (registered trademark) etc..All purpose communication I/F 7620 can be connected to via base station or access point is present in extranets Device (for example, application server or control server) on network (for example, internet, cloud network or company specific network).This Outside, reciprocity (P2P) technology can be used in all purpose communication I/F 7620, and (terminal is, for example, to drive with the terminal that is present near vehicle The person of sailing, the terminal of pedestrian or shop or machine-type communication (MTC) terminal) it is connected.

Private communication I/F 7630 is to support to use for vehicle and the communication I/F of the communication protocol of exploitation.Private communication I/F 7630 can be realized: standard agreement, for example, in vehicle environmental wireless access (WAVE) (it be as the electrical of lower layer and The combination of Electronic Engineering Association (IEEE) 802.11p and the IEEE 1609 as upper layer), dedicated short-range communication (DSRC), or Cellular communication protocol.Private communication I/F 7630 usually carry out include concept one or more in lower list V2X communicate: vehicle The communication of (vehicle is to vehicle), the communication of (vehicle is to infrastructure), vehicle and family between road and vehicle between vehicle Between front yard between the communication and pedestrian and vehicle of (vehicle is to family) (vehicle is to pedestrian) communication.

Positioning region 7640 can pass through, receive from GNSS satellite Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal (for example, GPS signal from global positioning system (GPS) satellite), the position for generating the latitude including vehicle, longitude and height is believed Breath, and execute positioning.Incidentally, positioning region 7640 can identify current location by carrying out signal exchange with wireless access point, It can also obtain location information from terminal, all mobile phones in this way of above-mentioned terminal, personal handyphone system (PHS) or there is positioning The smart phone of function.

Beacon reception unit 7650 can receive radio wave or electricity from the radio station transmission being mounted on road etc. Magnetic wave, to obtain the information about current location, blocking, road closed, required time etc..Incidentally, beacon reception unit 7650 function can be included in above-mentioned private communication I/F7630.

In-vehicle device I/F 7660 is the various in-vehicle devices 7760 reconciling microcomputer 7610 with being present in vehicle Between connection communication interface.In-vehicle device I/F 7660 can be used such as Wireless LAN, bluetooth (registered trademark), near field logical Believe that the wireless communication protocols such as (NFC) or radio universal serial bus (WUSB) are established to be wirelessly connected.In addition, in-vehicle device I/F 7660 can pass through universal serial bus via at connection terminal not shown in the figure (and cable, if necessary) (USB), wired connection is established in high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI (registered trademark)), mobile high definition link (MHL) etc..Car is set Standby 7760 may include at least one of lower list: the mobile device and wearable device and be loaded into vehicle that passenger is possessed Or it is attached to the information equipment of vehicle.In-vehicle device 7760 may also include the navigation equipment for searching the path of any destination. In-vehicle device I/F 7660 exchanges control signal or data-signal with these in-vehicle devices 7760.

In-vehicle networking I/F 7680 is the interface for reconciling the communication between microcomputer 7610 and communication network 7010.Vehicle Support grid network I/F 7680 is according to the predetermined protocol transmission and reception signal etc. supported by communication network 7010.

The microcomputer 7610 of integrated control unit 7600 is based on via all purpose communication I/F 7620, private communication I/F 7630, at least one in positioning region 7640, beacon reception unit 7650, in-vehicle device I/F 7660 and In-vehicle networking I/F 7680 A information obtained, according to various process control vehicle control systems 7000.For example, microcomputer 7610 can be based on being obtained The vehicle interior or outside vehicle relevant information obtained, calculates for driving force generation device, steering mechanism or the control of braking equipment Target value processed, and control command is exported to drive system control unit 7100.It is intended to for example, microcomputer 7610 is executable Realize that the Collaborative Control of the function of Senior Officer's auxiliary system (ADAS), the function include the collision elimination for vehicle or hit It hits buffering, follow driving, speed to keep driving, vehicle collision alarm, alarm of automotive run-off-road etc. based on vehicle headway. In addition, microcomputer 7610 can based on the information obtained about vehicle-periphery with driving force generating device, Steering mechanism, braking equipment, thereby executing the Collaborative Control of the automatic running for being intended for the operation independent of driver etc..

Microcomputer 7610 can based on via all purpose communication I/F 7620, private communication I/F 7630, positioning region 7640, At least one of beacon reception unit 7650, in-vehicle device I/F 7660 and In-vehicle networking I/F 7680 information obtained, The three-dimensional distance information between the objects such as vehicle and surrounding structure, people is generated, and generating includes what vehicle was presently in The local map information of the information of ambient enviroment.In addition, microcomputer 7610 can be based on information prediction obtained such as vehicle Collision, pedestrian etc. it is close, into danger such as blocked roads, and generate alarm signal.The alarm signal can be use Sound is alerted in generation or lights the signal of warning light.

The output signal of at least one of sound and image is transmitted to output equipment by sound/image output unit 7670, The output equipment can to outside the passenger or vehicle of vehicle with vision or audible means notification information.In the example of Figure 16, Audio tweeter 7710, display unit 7720 and instrument face plate 7730 are shown as output equipment.Display unit 7720 may include vehicle-mounted At least one of display and head-up display.Display unit 7720 can have augmented reality (AR) display function.Output equipment It can be the other equipment other than these equipment, it is earphone, wearable by the glasses type displayers of wearings such as passenger etc. Equipment, projector, lamp etc..In the case where output equipment is display equipment, show that equipment is shown with visual manner by miniature Computer 7610 execute various processing and obtain as a result, display it is received in a variety of manners from other control units The information of (such as, text, image, table, curve graph etc.).In addition, in the case where output equipment is audio output apparatus, sound The audio signal of the compositions such as the audio data of broadcasting or voice data is converted to analog signal by frequency output equipment, with audible means Export the analog signal.

Incidentally, in example illustrated in fig. 16, at least two controls that are connected to each other via communication network 7010 Unit can be integrated into a control unit.Alternatively, each individually control unit may include multiple control units.In addition, Vehicle control system 7000 may include other control units not shown in the figure.In addition, passing through the control unit in foregoing description In some or all of the function that executes of a control unit can be assigned to another control unit.That is, any one can be passed through Control unit executes scheduled calculation process, as long as information is transmitted and received via communication network 7010.Similarly, it is connected to control The sensor or equipment of a control unit in unit processed can be connected to another control unit, and multiple control units can Via the mutually transmission of communication network 7010 and receive detection information.

In above-mentioned vehicle control system 7000, the communication device and communication system of the disclosure be can be applied to for example via logical It is communicated with communication I/F 7620 with the external environment 7750 of the terminal that is present near vehicle etc..In addition, the disclosure is logical T unit and communication system can be applied to (such as be possessed by passenger via in-vehicle device I/F7660 and in-vehicle device 7760 Mobile device and wearable device) it is communicated.

<3. other embodiments>

Although being not limited to the description of aforementioned each embodiment by the technology that the disclosure is realized, and can be with a variety of sides Formula modification.

For example, this technology can have following configuration.

(1) a kind of communication device, comprising:

Antenna element, including first electrode and second electrode；

Communication circuit units use human body to execute communication as communication media via antenna element；And

Series circuit, switch and capacitor including the coupling that is one another in series, and the series circuit are coupled in the first electricity Between pole and second electrode.

It (2) further include switch controller according to the communication device of (1), switch controller executes the switch in series circuit Switching.

(3) according to the communication device of (2), wherein switch controller executes switch based on the signal level for receiving signal Switching.

(4) according to the communication device of (2), wherein switch controller executes the switching of switch based on external control signal.

(5) according to the communication device of (2) to any one of (4), wherein to send signal via antenna element the case where Under, switch controller turns off the switch in series circuit.

(6) according to the communication device of (1), wherein

Including multiple series circuits, and

Capacitance by switching the switch in each of multiple series circuits, between first electrode and second electrode It can switch to any of multiple values.

(7) according to the communication device of (6), wherein the capacitance of each capacitor in multiple series circuits is different from each other.

It (8) further include switch controller, switch controller is in the signal for receiving signal according to the communication device of (6) or (7) Level executes the switching of switch in the case where being equal to or less than predetermined minimum value to reduce between first electrode and second electrode Capacitance, and increase first electrode and second in the case where the signal level for receiving signal is equal to or more than predetermined maximum Capacitance between electrode.

(9) according to the communication device of (1) to any one of (8), wherein each of first electrode and second electrode quilt Communication circuit units are couple to, and the differential signal transmission between antenna element and communication circuit units.

(10) according to the communication device of (1) to any one of (8), wherein first electrode is couple to communication circuit units, and And second electrode is grounded.

(11) according to the communication device of (1) to any one of (10), wherein in switch and capacitor, at least described switch It is arranged in inside a semiconductor device together with communication circuit units.

(12) according to the communication device of (11), wherein switch and capacitor are arranged in one together with communication circuit units Inside semiconductor device.

(13) a kind of communication system, comprising:

First communication device；And

Secondary communication device uses human body to execute the communication with first communication device as communication media,

At least one of first communication device and secondary communication device include:

Antenna element, including first electrode and second electrode,

Communication circuit units use human body to execute communication as communication media via antenna element,

And series circuit, switch and capacitor including the coupling that is one another in series, and the series circuit is coupled in first Between electrode and second electrode.

This application claims in the Japanese Priority Patent Application 2016- submitted to Japanese Patent Office on the 13rd of September in 2016 178404 equity, entire contents are incorporated herein by reference.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that according to design requirement and other factors, various modifications can be carried out, combination, Sub-portfolio and change, as long as they are in the range of appended claims or its equivalent.

Claims (13)

1. A communication device comprising: an antenna unit, including a first electrode and a second electrode; a communication circuit unit that communicates via the antenna unit using the human body as a communication medium; and A series circuit includes a switch and a capacitor coupled in series with each other, and the series circuit is coupled between the first electrode and the second electrode. 2. The communication device of claim 1, further comprising a switch controller that performs switching of the switches in the series circuit. 3. The communication device of claim 2, wherein the switch controller performs switching of the switch based on a signal level of a received signal. 4. The communication device of claim 2, wherein the switch controller performs switching of the switch based on an external control signal. 5. The communication device of claim 2, wherein the switch controller turns off the switches in the series circuit when a signal is to be transmitted via the antenna unit. 6. The communication device of claim 1, wherein, includes multiple series circuits, and By switching the switch in each of the plurality of series circuits, the capacitance value between the first electrode and the second electrode can be switched to a plurality of values. 7. The communication device according to claim 6, wherein capacitance values of respective capacitors in the plurality of series circuits are different from each other. 8. The communication apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a switch controller that performs switching of the switch to reduce the the capacitance value between the first electrode and the second electrode, and increasing the first electrode and the second electrode if the signal level of the received signal is equal to or greater than a predetermined maximum value the capacitance value between. 9. The communication device of claim 1, wherein each of the first electrode and the second electrode is coupled to the communication circuit unit, and wherein the antenna unit and the communication circuit Differential signals are transmitted between units. 10. The communication device of claim 1, wherein the first electrode is coupled to the communication circuit unit, and the second electrode is grounded. 11. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein among the switches and the capacitors, at least the switch is provided inside one semiconductor device together with the communication circuit unit. 12. The communication device according to claim 11, wherein the switch and the capacitor are provided inside the one semiconductor device together with the communication circuit unit. 13. A communication system comprising: a first communication device; and a second communication device that performs communication with the first communication device using the human body as a communication medium, At least one of the first communication device and the second communication device includes: an antenna unit including a first electrode and a second electrode, a communication circuit unit that performs communication using the human body as a communication medium via the antenna unit, and A series circuit includes a switch and a capacitor coupled in series with each other, and the series circuit is coupled between the first electrode and the second electrode.