CN109680151B - Inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process - Google Patents
Inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109680151B CN109680151B CN201811568356.XA CN201811568356A CN109680151B CN 109680151 B CN109680151 B CN 109680151B CN 201811568356 A CN201811568356 A CN 201811568356A CN 109680151 B CN109680151 B CN 109680151B
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 3
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process of inorganic hazardous waste, which belongs to the technical field of inorganic hazardous waste treatment, and comprises the following steps of firstly, adding raw materials from the top of an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, and preheating in a preheating zone of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace; then, melting the preheated furnace burden in the tuyere area and carrying out metallurgical reaction to generate alloy and slag; finally, the generated paired alloy and the slag flow into the local bed area together, and the mutual reaction is carried out in the local bed area; the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter adopted by the invention has advanced technology and high automation and informatization levels of production equipment. Oxygen-enriched energy-saving environment-friendly measures are adopted, so that the energy consumption is low and the energy-saving benefit is good. The metal content of the furnace slag is low, and the comprehensive utilization level of resources is improved; practical and effective pollution prevention measures are adopted, and the clean production level is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic hazardous waste treatment, in particular to an oxygen-enriched side-blowing treatment process for inorganic hazardous waste. The hazardous waste types of disposal are photosensitive material waste (HW 16), surface treatment waste (HW 17), incineration disposal residue (HW 18), copper-containing waste (HW 22), zinc-containing waste (HW 23), nickel-containing waste (HW 46), non-ferrous metal smelting waste (HW 48), other waste (HW 49), waste catalyst (HW 50), and the like.
Background
The inorganic hazardous waste raw materials are hazardous wastes containing metals such as copper, nickel, tin, zinc and the like, mainly come from industries such as petrochemical industry, surface treatment, electroplating, electronics, environmental protection treatment and the like, and have the characteristics of complex components, different grades, high moisture and the like. At present, inorganic hazardous waste raw materials in China are generally treated by incineration and landfill by entrusted qualification units. The disposal method of inorganic hazardous waste raw materials mainly comprises incineration, wet method and landfill method, and no enterprise specially engaged in comprehensive disposal of inorganic hazardous waste exists at present. Particularly, the solid waste treatment of enterprises in the garden can only be carried out by self-built environment-friendly facilities or entrusted with other qualified environment-friendly enterprises outside the city at present, the unified waste management and supervision mechanism is imperfect, and the future industrial development of the garden is restricted.
The traditional inorganic hazardous waste treatment equipment is mainly a blast furnace, in the field of hazardous waste pyrogenic treatment, hazardous waste materials are extremely complex in components, most of the hazardous waste materials contain high refractory gangue components or low gasification temperature components, and single materials cannot be stored in a large scale; the technical characteristics of the blast furnace determine that the blast furnace is not suitable for treating refractory gangue components or high materials with low gasification temperature components, and needs to consume more metallurgical coke with good quality and high price, the technical condition requirement is higher, particularly the sulfur content of a sintering block is lower than 1 percent, so that the sintering process of concentrate is controlled complicatedly; furnace accretions are inevitably and rapidly generated in the furnace and the condenser, and the furnace and the condenser need to be cleaned regularly, so that the labor intensity is high, and the operation rate of equipment is low; the environmental protection discharge pressure is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an inorganic dangerous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the raw materials from the top of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter, and preheating in a preheating zone of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter;
s2, melting the preheated furnace burden in the tuyere area and carrying out metallurgical reaction to generate alloy and slag;
and S3, the generated alloy and the slag flow into the local bed area together to carry out interaction reaction in the local bed area.
Preferably, in S1, the raw material is heated by the ascending furnace gas after entering the oxygen-rich side blowing furnace, dried and dehydrated, and the raw material is sintered as the temperature is gradually increased.
Preferably, the heavy metal salt in the raw material is decomposed into an oxide, and the overhead sulfide in the raw material is heated by the ascending furnace gas and then undergoes a decomposition reaction.
Preferably, the tuyere area melts the charge material into a melt by overheating under the combustion action of the carbon slag, and simultaneously forms a reducing atmosphere.
Preferably, the temperature of the air vent area is set to 1250-.
Preferably, under the action of high temperature and reducing atmosphere, the charging materials are melted and the metal is subjected to metallurgical reaction and reduction to obtain the alloy.
Preferably, the generated slag flows into the primary bed area together with the alloy, and the melt is subjected to interaction reaction to adjust the composition of the melt.
Preferably, the temperature of the bed zone is set at 1200-.
Preferably, the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter takes carbon slag as fuel and takes waste residues in raw materials as a reducing agent.
Preferably, the liquid oxygen is converted into oxygen through a vaporizer, the oxygen is mixed with air output by a blower, and the oxygen-enriched air is blown into the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter from two sides of the lower part of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting technology is adopted to replace a blast furnace smelting technology to carry out harmless treatment on industrial solid waste and realize recycling, and the technology overcomes many defects of the traditional treatment mode and realizes recycling economy. Solves the secondary pollution after disposal and achieves the purpose of comprehensive utilization. The nitrogen quantity to be heated in the furnace is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; the partial pressure of the reaction gas is correspondingly increased, the reaction speed is improved, and the smelting process is strengthened; the sulfur dioxide concentration in the sulfur-containing ore oxygen-enriched smelting flue gas is increased, the smoke dust amount is reduced, the comprehensive utilization of the flue gas is facilitated, and the pollution is reduced; the amount of gas passing through the furnace and the equipment load of blast and smoke extraction are reduced. Oxygen-enriched energy-saving environment-friendly measures are adopted, so that the energy consumption is low and the energy-saving benefit is good. The metal content of the furnace slag is low, and the comprehensive utilization level of resources is improved; practical and effective pollution prevention measures are adopted, and the clean production level is high.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Liquid oxygen is converted into oxygen through a gasifier, the oxygen is mixed with air output by an air blower, oxygen-enriched air is blown in from two sides of the lower part of an oxygen-enriched side blowing furnace, raw materials are added from the top of the furnace, furnace gas preheats the materials upwards along furnace burden, the furnace burden continuously moves downwards along with melting of the furnace burden in a tuyere area, and smoke is discharged from a flue of the top of the furnace to enter a dust collection system. The upper part of the furnace is a preheating zone with the temperature of 250-600 ℃ to 1000-1100 ℃. The furnace burden is heated by the ascending furnace gas after entering the furnace, and is dried and dehydrated; as the temperature is gradually increased, the bricks, etc. undergo sintering. At the high temperature of the preheating zone, heavy metal salts such as copper salts and the like in the furnace burden are decomposed into oxides; after being heated by the ascending furnace gas, the high-valence sulfides in the furnace burden, such as copper blue (CuS), etc., are decomposed according to the following reactions:
4CuS→2Cu2S+S2
the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter takes carbon slag as fuel, waste anode scrap as a reducing agent, the tuyere area is an area where furnace burden is melted and metallurgical reaction occurs, the tuyere area has the temperature of 1250-1300 ℃ under the combustion effect of the carbon slag, red hot anode scrap and a quartz storage layer mainly exist, the furnace burden is melted into melt through overheating, a certain reducing atmosphere is formed at the same time, and the main reaction formula of the combustion process is as follows:
C+O2=CO2
CO2+C=2CO
under the action of high temperature and reducing atmosphere, furnace burden is melted and copper and other metals are subjected to metallurgical reaction, metal copper and nickel are melted, copper oxide, nickel oxide, tin oxide and the like are subjected to gas-liquid reaction with carbon monoxide, and the metal copper, nickel, tin and the like are reduced to simple substance copper, nickel, tin and other metals, so that alloy with copper content of about 67.5% is obtained; the main reaction formula of the process is as follows:
2CuO+CO=Cu2O+CO2
Cu2O+CO=2Cu+CO2
FeO generated by reduction and slag-forming substances such as SiO2, CaO and the like in furnace burden form slag containing 0.4-0.7% of copper; the slag produced flows into the bed together with the alloy. The main reaction formula of the process is as follows:
Cu2O+FeS=Cu2S+FeO
Cu2S+FeS=Cu2S·FeS
2FeS+3O2+SiO2→2FeO·SiO2+2SO2+1079kJ
the bed zone was located below the tuyere zone at 1200-1250 ℃. In the area, various melt products are gathered and fully interacted, and the most important reaction is that a small amount of Cu2O dissolved in slag is re-vulcanized by FeS in copper matte and Fe3O4 in the products is also reduced by FeS in the process of adjusting the melt composition by the interaction in the bed area, so that Fe3O4 in the oxygen-enriched smelting products is greatly reduced and the loss of copper in the slag is reduced. The reaction is as follows:
（Cu2O）+[FeS]==(FeO)+[Cu2S]
3(Fe3O4)+[FeS]+5SiO2==5(2FeO·SiO2)+SO2
because the alloy and the slag are not mutually dissolved and the specific gravity difference is large, the alloy sinks into the bottom of the bed, and the slag floats on the alloy liquid, thereby realizing the separation of the slag and the alloy; the slag and the alloy are accumulated continuously and are discharged from a slag hole and an alloy hole respectively and periodically. The slag is water quenched to obtain water quenched slag, and the molten metal is cast into alloy ingot, so that alloy ingot product containing copper as main component and other non-ferrous metals and noble metals is obtained.
Smelting waste gas generated by the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter is collected by a pipeline and then is treated by cooling, an ash settling cylinder, cyclone dust removal, activated carbon injection and cloth bag dust removal, and then is sent to an acid removal tower, and dust collected by quenching, an ash settling cylinder and cyclone dust removal is sent to bricks.
The invention adopts the oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting technology to replace the blast furnace smelting technology to carry out harmless treatment on the industrial solid waste and realize recycling, and the technology overcomes a plurality of defects of the traditional disposal mode and realizes recycling economy. Solves the secondary pollution after disposal and achieves the purpose of comprehensive utilization. The nitrogen quantity to be heated in the furnace is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; the partial pressure of the reaction gas is correspondingly increased, the reaction speed is improved, and the smelting process is strengthened; the sulfur dioxide concentration in the sulfur-containing ore oxygen-enriched smelting flue gas is increased, the smoke dust amount is reduced, the comprehensive utilization of the flue gas is facilitated, and the pollution is reduced; the amount of gas passing through the furnace and the equipment load of blast and smoke extraction are reduced. Oxygen-enriched energy-saving environment-friendly measures are adopted, so that the energy consumption is low and the energy-saving benefit is good. The metal content of the furnace slag is low, and the comprehensive utilization level of resources is improved; practical and effective pollution prevention measures are adopted, and the clean production level is high.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding the raw materials from the top of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter, and preheating in a preheating zone of the oxygen-enriched side-blown converter;
s2, melting the preheated furnace burden in the tuyere area and carrying out metallurgical reaction to generate alloy and slag;
s3, enabling the generated alloy and the slag to flow into the local bed area together, and carrying out interaction reaction in the local bed area; in S1, the raw material is heated by the ascending furnace gas after entering the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, is dried and dehydrated, and is sintered along with the gradual rise of the temperature; heavy metal salts in the raw materials are decomposed into oxides, and high-valence sulfides in the raw materials are heated by the ascending furnace gas and then undergo decomposition reaction; under the combustion action of the carbon slag, the tuyere area leads the furnace burden to be overheated and melted into a melt, and forms a reducing atmosphere at the same time; the temperature of the air vent area is set to 1250-; under the action of high temperature and reducing atmosphere, furnace burden is melted and metal is subjected to metallurgical reaction and is reduced to obtain alloy; the generated slag and the alloy flow into the bed area together, and the melt undergoes an interaction reaction to adjust the composition of the melt.
2. The inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the bed zone is set to 1200-1250 ℃.
3. The inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-rich side-blown treatment process according to claim 2, wherein the oxygen-rich side-blown furnace uses carbon slag as fuel and waste residues in raw materials as reducing agent.
4. The inorganic dangerous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process of claim 3, wherein liquid oxygen is converted into oxygen through a vaporizer, the oxygen is mixed with air output by a blower, and the oxygen-enriched air is blown into the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from two sides of the lower part of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811568356.XA CN109680151B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811568356.XA CN109680151B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process |
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