A kind of preparation method of middle infrared transparent P-type semiconductor film
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of P-type semiconductor film.
Background technique
Light sensation detector plays the neck such as indispensable role, such as military equipment, artificial intelligence in daily life
The realization of the functions such as signal tracing, the light sensation imaging in domain is required to the participation of light sensation detector.However external electromagnetic wave, light source are believed
Number intensity can seriously affect the working effect of detector so that detector detectable signal weakens, image quality and practical object
There are relatively large deviations for body, or even can not effectively be imaged and feedback information.In order to reduce the interference of the outer signals such as electromagnetic wave, one
As need to be coated with transparent conductive film (Transparent Conductive Films, TCFs) in detector window so that visit
It surveys device window and is provided simultaneously with excellent optical transmission and forceful electric power magnetic shield performance.However, being representative with tin indium oxide (ITO)
Although traditional N-type TCFs has preferable visible light-transmissive performance (> 85%) and more excellent electric property, (carrier is dense
Degree: 1018~1021cm-3;Mobility: 5~100cm2·V-1·s-1), but cannot achieve N-type TCFs in infrared band (1~12
μm) transmission.Traditional N-type TCFs plasma wavelength is adjusted by regulating and controlling the electrical parameters such as carrier concentration of film, most
Far also can only realize its through performance near infrared band, can not extend in infrared (3~5 μm) even long infrared
Domain (8~12 μm), the TCFs of such N-type limits the use scope of the devices such as light sensation detector.Now, light sensation detector is positive
Round-the-clock highly sensitive direction is developed, it usually needs has dual-purpose round the clock, the complicated electromagnetic interference signal environment of adaptation and detection is micro-
The ability of weak signal etc., therefore TCFs is realized in excellent, long infrared band electrically conducting transparent characteristic just seems of crucial importance.In routine
Infrared band transparent conductive material is with the intrinsic p-type CuAlO with delafossite structure2And with Cu+Based on serial copper and iron
Oxide (the CuMO of mine structure2, wherein M=Al, In, Ga, Sc, Y, Cr etc.) p-type IR transparent films material based on.It is such
P-type TCFs has middle infrared transmission performance preferably (~75%), but its hole concentration low (~1.3 × 1017cm-3), it cannot achieve
Excellent conductance property makes light sensation detector receive extreme influence in terms of electromagnetic interference.LaSe2Film be it is a kind of it is potential in
Infrared transparent conductive film, but traditional La and Se reacts to each other and prepares LaSe2Film is very difficult, thus but also LaSe2It is thin
The preparation of film and middle infrared application are received and are greatly limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve existing LaSe2Film preparation is very difficult, and middle infrared application, which receives, greatly to be limited
The technical issues of, and a kind of preparation method of middle infrared transparent P-type semiconductor film is provided.
The preparation method of middle infrared transparent P-type semiconductor film of the invention carries out according to the following steps:
One, the cleaning of target and substrate:
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 100W~300W, metal La target is sequentially placed into acetone, alcohol and deionization
It is respectively washed 20min~30min in water, obtains clean La target;
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 50W~200W, will successively it be set having a size of 10mm × 10mm × 1mm sapphire sheet
It is respectively washed 10min~20min in acetone, alcohol and deionized water, obtains clean saphire substrate material;
Two, La2O3The preparation of film:
1., prepare before plated film: clean La target and clean saphire substrate material are installed, equipment is opened and is evacuated to
Air pressure is 6 × 10-5Pa~4 × 10-5Pa;
2., plated film: be passed through Ar and O2It is 0.5Pa~0.6Pa to pressure, plated film power supply is radio-frequency power supply, plated film power is
50W~55W, pre-sputtering 5min~10min under conditions of pressure is 0.5Pa~0.6Pa open target baffle, are in pressure
Sputter coating 60min~65min under conditions of 0.5Pa~0.6Pa;The flow of the Ar is 20sccm, O2Flow be
3sccm;
3., shutdown: close all power supplys, open vent valve, deflation opens a position, and taking out sample is La2O3Film, at this time institute
Plate La2O3Film thickness is 190nm~210nm;
Three, LaSe2The preparation of film:
1., weigh the Se powder that quality is 0.01g~0.05g, be put into that diameter is 10mm and length is that the single-ended of 10cm opens
In No. 1 quartz ampoule of mouth, single-ended opening is sealed with silica wool;
2., be successively coated with La for what is prepared in step 2 respectively2O3The sapphire sheet and step 3 of film 1. in be equipped with Se powder
No. 1 quartz ampoule at end is put into No. 2 quartz ampoules of the single-ended opening that diameter is 18mm and length is 20cm, then to No. 2 quartz
It is to 5 × 10 that pipe, which vacuumizes pressure,-3Pa~2 × 10-3After Pa, by the single-ended opening tube sealing of No. 2 quartz ampoules, so that La2O3Film
It is co-located under closed vacuum environment with No. 1 quartz ampoule equipped with Se powder;
3., by No. 2 quartz ampoules of vacuum sealing as being made annealing treatment in tube furnace, annealing temperature is 600 DEG C~
1000 DEG C, annealing time is 0.5h~4h, and the heating rate of tube furnace is 3 DEG C/min~5 DEG C/min;
4., tube furnace be naturally cooling to room temperature, opening tube furnace and taking out sample is LaSe2Film.
The present invention, for the source Se, is handled, under conditions of selenized annealing, Se steam can with simple substance Se powder using vacuum sealing tube
With by La2O3The principle that O in film is cemented out prepares LaSe2Film compensates for and is not easy to react under La and Se higher temperature
Material prepares limitation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Present invention employs a kind of methods of simplicity to be prepared for LaSe2This p-type TCFs film, combines magnetron sputtering
Membranous system and selenized annealing two ways prepare LaSe2Cost is relatively low for film, and technological operation is simple;
LaSe prepared by the present invention2Film has preferable electric conductivity, and carrier concentration maximum is up to 1019cm-3This
The order of magnitude, conductivity is up to 3.69S/m;This p-type TCFs thin-film-coating on a sapphire substrate, total transmission in medium-wave infrared light area
Rate is about 70%, and through performance is better.P-type LaSe2The selection of current p-type TCFs material has been widened in the discovery of thin-film material
Range may advantageously facilitate the research of infrared transparent device etc. in correlation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is XRD diagram;
Fig. 2 is LaSe2The medium-wave infrared transmission measurement curve graph of film;
Fig. 3 is LaSe2The electrical performance testing curve graph of film.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment is a kind of preparation method of middle infrared transparent P-type semiconductor film, specifically
It carries out according to the following steps:
One, the cleaning of target and substrate:
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 100W~300W, metal La target is sequentially placed into acetone, alcohol and deionization
It is respectively washed 20min~30min in water, obtains clean La target;
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 50W~200W, will successively it be set having a size of 10mm × 10mm × 1mm sapphire sheet
It is respectively washed 10min~20min in acetone, alcohol and deionized water, obtains clean saphire substrate material;
Two, La2O3The preparation of film:
1., prepare before plated film: clean La target and clean saphire substrate material are installed, equipment is opened and is evacuated to
Air pressure is 6 × 10-5Pa~4 × 10-5Pa;
2., plated film: be passed through Ar and O2It is 0.5Pa~0.6Pa to pressure, plated film power supply is radio-frequency power supply, plated film power is
50W~55W, pre-sputtering 5min~10min under conditions of pressure is 0.5Pa~0.6Pa open target baffle, are in pressure
Sputter coating 60min~65min under conditions of 0.5Pa~0.6Pa;The flow of the Ar is 20sccm, O2Flow be
3sccm;
3., shutdown: close all power supplys, open vent valve, deflation opens a position, and taking out sample is La2O3Film, at this time institute
Plate La2O3Film thickness is 190nm~210nm;
Three, LaSe2The preparation of film:
1., weigh the Se powder that quality is 0.01g~0.05g, be put into that diameter is 10mm and length is that the single-ended of 10cm opens
In No. 1 quartz ampoule of mouth, single-ended opening is sealed with silica wool;
2., be successively coated with La for what is prepared in step 2 respectively2O3The sapphire sheet and step 3 of film 1. in be equipped with Se powder
No. 1 quartz ampoule at end is put into No. 2 quartz ampoules of the single-ended opening that diameter is 18mm and length is 20cm, then to No. 2 quartz
It is to 5 × 10 that pipe, which vacuumizes pressure,-3Pa~2 × 10-3After Pa, by the single-ended opening tube sealing of No. 2 quartz ampoules, so that La2O3Film
It is co-located under closed vacuum environment with No. 1 quartz ampoule equipped with Se powder;
3., by No. 2 quartz ampoules of vacuum sealing as being made annealing treatment in tube furnace, annealing temperature is 600 DEG C~
1000 DEG C, annealing time is 0.5h~4h, and the heating rate of tube furnace is 3 DEG C/min~5 DEG C/min;
4., tube furnace be naturally cooling to room temperature, opening tube furnace and taking out sample is LaSe2Film.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: 1. middle installation is clean for step 2
La target and clean saphire substrate material, opening equipment and being evacuated to air pressure is 6 × 10-5Pa.Other and specific implementation
Mode one is identical.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that: step 2 2. in be passed through
Ar and O2It is 0.5Pa to pressure.Other are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: step 2 2. in
Sputter coating 60min under conditions of pressure is 0.5Pa.Other are identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment 5: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment four: step 3 3. in tube furnace
Heating rate is 5 DEG C/min.Other are identical as specific embodiment four.
The present invention is verified with following tests:
Test one: this test is a kind of preparation method of middle infrared transparent P-type semiconductor film, specifically according to the following steps
It carries out:
One, the cleaning of target and substrate:
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 100W, metal La target is sequentially placed into acetone, alcohol and deionized water and is divided
Not Qing Xi 20min, obtain clean La target;
Under conditions of ultrasonic power is 100W, third will be sequentially placed into having a size of 10mm × 10mm × 1mm sapphire sheet
It is respectively washed 10min in ketone, alcohol and deionized water, obtains clean saphire substrate material;
Two, La2O3The preparation of film:
1., prepare before plated film: clean La target and clean saphire substrate material are installed, equipment is opened and is evacuated to
Air pressure is 6 × 10-5Pa;
2., plated film: be passed through Ar and O2It is 0.5Pa to pressure, plated film power supply is radio-frequency power supply, plated film power is 50W, is being pressed
It is by force pre-sputtering 5min under conditions of 0.5Pa, opens target baffle, sputter coating 60min under conditions of pressure is 0.5Pa;
The flow of the Ar is 20sccm, O2Flow be 3sccm;
3., shutdown: close all power supplys, open vent valve, deflation opens a position, and taking out sample is La2O3Film, at this time institute
Plate La2O3Film thickness is 200nm;
Three, LaSe2The preparation of film:
1., weigh quality be 0.03g Se powder, be put into No. 1 of the single-ended opening that diameter is 10mm and length is 10cm
In quartz ampoule, single-ended opening is sealed with silica wool;
2., be successively coated with La for what is prepared in step 2 respectively2O3The sapphire sheet and step 3 of film 1. in be equipped with Se powder
No. 1 quartz ampoule at end is put into No. 2 quartz ampoules of the single-ended opening that diameter is 18mm and length is 20cm, then to No. 2 quartz
It is to 3 × 10 that pipe, which vacuumizes pressure,-3After Pa, by the single-ended opening tube sealing of No. 2 quartz ampoules, so that La2O3Film and be equipped with Se powder
No. 1 quartz ampoule at end is co-located under closed vacuum environment;
3., by No. 2 quartz ampoules of vacuum sealing as being made annealing treatment in tube furnace, annealing temperature is 800 DEG C, annealing
Time is 1h, and the heating rate of tube furnace is 5 DEG C/min;
4., tube furnace be naturally cooling to room temperature, opening tube furnace and taking out sample is LaSe2Film.
Fig. 1 is XRD diagram, and top is the LaSe for testing a preparation2Film, lower section are the LaSe of monoclinic phase2PDF#75-
2270 curves, as seen in Figure 1, the film of one preparation of test is the LaSe of monoclinic phase2。
Test two: this test with test one unlike: step 3 3. in annealing temperature be 600 DEG C, it is other and test
One is identical.
Test three: this test with test one unlike: step 3 3. in annealing temperature be 700 DEG C, it is other and test
One is identical.
Test four: this test with test one unlike: step 3 3. in annealing temperature be 900 DEG C, it is other and test
One is identical.
Test five: this test with test one unlike: step 3 3. in annealing temperature be 1000 DEG C, it is other and test
One is identical.
Fig. 2 is LaSe2The medium-wave infrared transmission measurement curve graph of film, curve a are the LaSe for testing two preparations2Film,
The LaSe of three preparation of curve b test2Film, curve c are the LaSe for testing a preparation2Film, it can be seen from the figure that with selenium
The increase of annealing temperature, LaSe2Downward trend after first increase is presented in the medium-wave infrared transmitance of film, has at 700 DEG C
Having highest transmitance is about 78%.
Fig. 3 is LaSe2The electrical performance testing curve graph of film, curve 1 are carrier concentration curve, and curve 2 is conductance
Rate curve, the electric property of film presents with the raising of selenized annealing temperature and first improves becoming of declining afterwards as seen in Figure 3
Gesture, in 800 DEG C of annealing, film has optimal electric property, and film carrier concentration reaches 1.179 × 10 at this time19cm-3,
Conductivity is 3.69S/cm.