CN109569301A - A method of producing potassium nitrate co-production acid - Google Patents
A method of producing potassium nitrate co-production acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN109569301A CN109569301A CN201811615025.7A CN201811615025A CN109569301A CN 109569301 A CN109569301 A CN 109569301A CN 201811615025 A CN201811615025 A CN 201811615025A CN 109569301 A CN109569301 A CN 109569301A
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- Prior art keywords
- room
- exchange membrane
- anion
- feed liquid
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IRPDISVJRAYFBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].O[N+]([O-])=O IRPDISVJRAYFBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010573 double replacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
- B01D61/485—Specific features relating to the ion-exchange material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for producing potassium nitrate co-production acid；This method is carried out by the electric dialyzator containing the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, the room product A, the room product B and pole fluid chamber, sylvite aqueous solution is passed through the room feed liquid A, aqueous solution of nitric acid is passed through the room feed liquid B simultaneously, Jiang Shui is passed through the room product A and the room product B, electrode solution is passed through pole fluid chamber, start electric dialyzator work, from the room feed liquid A outflow be potassium chloride raffinate, from the room feed liquid B flow out nitric acid raffinate, from the room product A outflow be potassium nitrate solution, from the room product B outflow be byproduct acid；Potassium nitrate solution progress crystallisation by cooling is obtained into solid nitric acid potassium.This method realizes KNO3The sustainable production of circulation, improve product yield and purity, shorten the production cycle, it is environmentally protective, it is environmental-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production technologies of potassium nitrate, and in particular to a method of produce potassium nitrate co-production acid.
Background technique
Currently, the production of potassium nitrate is mostly carried out by chemical method, first is that carrying out double decomposition using potassium chloride and ammonium nitrate
Reaction, obtains the mixture of potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride, second is that carrying out metathesis reaction using potassium chloride and magnesium nitrate, obtains nitric acid
The mixture of potassium and magnesium chloride.Since what is obtained after the completion of chemical reaction is mixture, it is therefore desirable to subsequent separating-purifying etc.
Product is just made in process, causes complex procedures, energy consumption high, not only production efficiency is low, and also improves production cost.
Few and can directly obtain the production method of potassium nitrate it is therefore desirable to invent a kind of processing step, the present invention is exactly
It is made based on above-mentioned thought.
Summary of the invention
It is easy the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing step and the production method of potassium nitrate can be directly obtained.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of method for producing potassium nitrate co-production acid, this method
It is carried out by the electric dialyzator containing the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, the room product A, the room product B and pole fluid chamber, step includes:
(1) sylvite aqueous solution is passed through the room feed liquid A, at the same aqueous solution of nitric acid is passed through the room feed liquid B, Jiang Shui is passed through the room product A and
Electrode solution is passed through pole fluid chamber by the room product B, starting electric dialyzator work, and from the room feed liquid A, outflow is sylvite raffinate, from feed liquid B
Room outflow nitric acid raffinate, from the room product A outflow be potassium nitrate solution, from the room product B outflow be byproduct acid；
(2) potassium nitrate solution progress crystallisation by cooling is obtained into solid nitric acid potassium.
It is recycled after arranging in pairs or groups after the nitric acid raffinate is concentrated or with concentrated nitric acid；After the sylvite raffinate is concentrated or use
It is recycled after the preparation of sylvite aqueous solution.
The electrode solution is the potassium nitrate aqueous solution or aqueous solution of nitric acid that concentration is 0.5-5%.
The sylvite includes but are not limited to potassium chloride, potassium bromide or potassium sulfate.
The electric dialyzator includes anode end plate equipped with electrode plate and cathode end plate and is clamped in anode end plate and yin
The preceding anion exchange set gradually between extreme plate and from front to back by anode end plate in the posterior direction of preceding, cathode end plate
Film, preceding cation-exchange membrane, middle anion-exchange membrane, rear cation-exchange membrane, rear anion-exchange membrane；Preceding anion-exchange membrane
Between anode end plate, between preceding cation-exchange membrane and preceding anion-exchange membrane, middle anion-exchange membrane and it is preceding cation hand over
Change between film, between rear cation-exchange membrane and middle anion-exchange membrane, rear anion-exchange membrane and rear cation-exchange membrane it
Between and rear anion-exchange membrane and cathode end plate between be equipped with partition；Between preceding anion-exchange membrane and anode end plate and after
It is respectively formed pole fluid chamber between anion-exchange membrane and cathode end plate, is formed between preceding cation-exchange membrane and preceding anion-exchange membrane
The room feed liquid A, between middle anion-exchange membrane and preceding cation-exchange membrane formed the room product A, rear cation-exchange membrane and it is middle yin from
It is formed between proton exchange and forms the room product B between the room feed liquid B, rear anion-exchange membrane and rear cation-exchange membrane；The pole
Liquid chamber, the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, the room product A and the room product B are equipped with inlet and liquid outlet.
The present invention is carried out by four compartment electric dialyzators, under the driving of applying direct current electric field, utilizes amberplex
Selective penetrated property (i.e. cation can penetrate cation-exchange membrane, and anion can penetrate anion-exchange membrane), anions and canons
Respectively to anode and movable cathode.In ion migration processes, if the opposite charge of the fixed charge of film and ion, ion can be with
Pass through；If their charge is identical, ion is ostracised, to realize that material liquid intermediate ion replaces to obtain the mesh of corresponding product
's.Specific double replacement principle under the action of applying direct current electric field, utilizes the choosing of amberplex referring to Figure of description 1
Select permeability, the K of the room feed liquid A+ Enter the room product A, the NO of the room feed liquid B through anode membrane3 - Enter the room product A through cavity block, thus
Product K NO is generated in the room product A3, the H of the room feed liquid B+ Enter the room product B through anode membrane, the acid ion of the room feed liquid A (such as
Cl-) enter the room product B through cavity block, to generate byproduct hydrochloric acid in the room product B.
It is not difficult to find out that, the method for the invention can directly obtain potassium nitrate from the above-mentioned explanation to double replacement principle,
It eliminates and needs the subsequent handlings such as separating-purifying in the prior art, therefore processing step is simple, low energy consumption.Gained sylvite raffinate and
Nitric acid raffinate can be recycled, and realize the sustainable production of circulation, improve product yield and purity, shorten production week
Phase, and it is environmentally protective, environmental-friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the double replacement schematic illustration of electric dialyzator；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of electric dialyzator.
Specific embodiment
To the essentiality content of invention, the present invention is further described With reference to embodiment, these embodiments
It is intended merely to show technical concept and its exploitativeness of the invention in detail, is not limiting the scope of the invention, benefit
The equivalence replacement made with the technology of the present invention design and accommodation are still within protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention is carried out by electric dialyzator, and referring to Fig. 2, the electric dialyzator includes the anode end plate equipped with electrode plate 30
31 and cathode end plate 32 and it is clamped between anode end plate 31 and cathode end plate 32 and by anode end plate 31 in preceding, cathode end plate
Preceding anion-exchange membrane 33 that 32 posterior directions are set gradually from front to back, preceding cation-exchange membrane 34, middle anion exchange
Film 35, rear cation-exchange membrane 36, rear anion-exchange membrane 37；Between preceding anion-exchange membrane 33 and anode end plate 31, preceding sun
Between amberplex 34 and preceding anion-exchange membrane 33, between middle anion-exchange membrane 35 and preceding cation-exchange membrane 34, after
Between cation-exchange membrane 36 and middle anion-exchange membrane 35, between rear anion-exchange membrane 37 and rear cation-exchange membrane 36 with
And partition 38 is equipped between rear anion-exchange membrane 37 and cathode end plate 32；Preceding anion-exchange membrane 33 and anode end plate 31 it
Between be respectively formed pole fluid chamber 39 between rear anion-exchange membrane 37 and cathode end plate 32, preceding cation-exchange membrane 34 and preceding anion
The room feed liquid A 40 is formed between exchange membrane 33, and the room product A is formed between middle anion-exchange membrane 35 and preceding cation-exchange membrane 34
41, the room feed liquid B 42, rear anion-exchange membrane 37 and rear sun are formed between rear cation-exchange membrane 36 and middle anion-exchange membrane 35
The room product B 43 is formed between amberplex 36；The pole fluid chamber, the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, the room product A and the room product B are all provided with
There are inlet and liquid outlet.
Referring to attached drawing 2, the specific implementation step of the method for the invention is as follows:
(1) potassium chloride solution that mass concentration is 25% is passed through the room feed liquid A 40, while the nitric acid aqueous solution for being 10% by mass concentration
Solution is passed through the room feed liquid B 42, Jiang Shui is passed through the room product A 41 and the room product B 43, electrode solution is passed through to pole fluid chamber 39, starts electric osmose
Parser work, from the room feed liquid A 40, outflow is potassium chloride raffinate, the nitric acid raffinate flowed out from the room feed liquid B 42, from the room product A 41
Outflow is potassium nitrate solution, from the room product B 43, outflow is product hydrochloric acid.After measured, the KCl mass in potassium chloride raffinate contains
Amount is 15% or so, HNO in nitric acid raffinate3Mass content is 3% or so, KNO in potassium nitrate solution3Mass content is 20% or more,
HCl mass content is 4% or more in hydrochloric acid.
(2) potassium nitrate solution that step (1) obtains is subjected to crystallisation by cooling and obtains solid nitric acid potassium, solid nitric acid potassium purity
Up to 98% or more.
(3) nitric acid raffinate is concentrated dense to mix into quality after 10% aqueous solution of nitric acid or with concentrated nitric acid at mass concentration
After degree is 10% aqueous solution of nitric acid, it is recycled for step (1)；The concentrated chlorine for being 25% at mass concentration of potassium chloride raffinate
Change aqueous solutions of potassium after or by potassium chloride be dissolved in potassium chloride raffinate be configured to mass concentration be 25% potassium chloride solution after, be used for
Step (1) is recycled.
Above-mentioned electrode solution can use mass concentration for the potassium nitrate aqueous solution of 0.5-5% or aqueous solution of nitric acid.
Only to prepare potassium nitrate, simultaneously by-product hydrochloric acid, same reason such as use potassium sulfate to above-described embodiment by taking potassium chloride as an example
Potassium chloride in alternate embodiment 1 can get by-product sulfuric acid while obtaining potassium nitrate；Such as in potassium bromide alternate embodiment 1
Potassium chloride, obtain potassium nitrate while can get by-product hydrobromic acid.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for producing potassium nitrate co-production acid, it is characterised in that this method is by containing the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, production
The electric dialyzator of the room product A, the room product B and pole fluid chamber carries out, and step includes:
(1) sylvite aqueous solution is passed through the room feed liquid A, at the same aqueous solution of nitric acid is passed through the room feed liquid B, Jiang Shui is passed through the room product A and
Electrode solution is passed through pole fluid chamber by the room product B, starting electric dialyzator work, and from the room feed liquid A, outflow is sylvite raffinate, from feed liquid B
Room outflow nitric acid raffinate, from the room product A outflow be potassium nitrate solution, from the room product B outflow be byproduct acid；
(2) potassium nitrate solution progress crystallisation by cooling is obtained into solid nitric acid potassium.
2. the method for production potassium nitrate co-production acid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the nitric acid raffinate is concentrated
It is recycled afterwards or after arranging in pairs or groups with concentrated nitric acid；Make after the sylvite raffinate is concentrated or for being recycled after the preparation of sylvite aqueous solution
With.
3. the method for production potassium nitrate co-production acid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electrode solution is that concentration is
The potassium nitrate aqueous solution or aqueous solution of nitric acid of 0.5-5%.
4. as described in claim 1 production potassium nitrate co-production acid method, it is characterised in that the sylvite include potassium chloride,
Potassium bromide or potassium sulfate.
5. the method for production potassium nitrate co-production acid as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric dialyzator includes setting
Have electrode plate anode end plate and cathode end plate and be clamped between anode end plate and cathode end plate and by anode end plate it is preceding,
Preceding anion-exchange membrane that the posterior direction of cathode end plate is set gradually from front to back, preceding cation-exchange membrane, middle anion are handed over
Change film, rear cation-exchange membrane, rear anion-exchange membrane；Between preceding anion-exchange membrane and anode end plate, preceding cation exchanges
Between film and preceding anion-exchange membrane, between middle anion-exchange membrane and preceding cation-exchange membrane, rear cation-exchange membrane in
Between anion-exchange membrane, between rear anion-exchange membrane and rear cation-exchange membrane and rear anion-exchange membrane and cathode terminal
Partition is equipped between plate；Between preceding anion-exchange membrane and anode end plate between rear anion-exchange membrane and cathode end plate
Pole fluid chamber is formed, forms the room feed liquid A, middle anion-exchange membrane and preceding sun between preceding cation-exchange membrane and preceding anion-exchange membrane
The room product A is formed between amberplex, and the room feed liquid B, rear yin are formed between rear cation-exchange membrane and middle anion-exchange membrane
The room product B is formed between amberplex and rear cation-exchange membrane；The pole fluid chamber, the room feed liquid A, the room feed liquid B, the room product A
Inlet and liquid outlet are equipped with the room product B.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811615025.7A CN109569301A (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | A method of producing potassium nitrate co-production acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811615025.7A CN109569301A (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | A method of producing potassium nitrate co-production acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109569301A true CN109569301A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811615025.7A Withdrawn CN109569301A (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | A method of producing potassium nitrate co-production acid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109569301A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070012570A1 (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-18 | Carus Corporation | Electrochemical methods for making highly soluble oxidizing agents |
| CN105177619A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for preparing potassium sulphate |
| CN107162023A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥工业大学 | The preparation system and preparation method of a kind of potassium nitrate |
-
2018
- 2018-12-27 CN CN201811615025.7A patent/CN109569301A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070012570A1 (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-18 | Carus Corporation | Electrochemical methods for making highly soluble oxidizing agents |
| CN105177619A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-23 | 合肥工业大学 | Device and method for preparing potassium sulphate |
| CN107162023A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥工业大学 | The preparation system and preparation method of a kind of potassium nitrate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王伟等: "《双极膜电渗析由葡萄糖酸钠制备葡萄糖酸的实验研究》", 《膜科学与技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |