CN109457153A - A kind of high Zn pack alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high Zn pack alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109457153A CN109457153A CN201910008601.XA CN201910008601A CN109457153A CN 109457153 A CN109457153 A CN 109457153A CN 201910008601 A CN201910008601 A CN 201910008601A CN 109457153 A CN109457153 A CN 109457153A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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Abstract
本发明属于铝合金材料领域，特别涉及一种高Zn压铸铝合金，该合金的主要化学成分与现有压铸铝合金体系完全不同，(1)不添加Si元素，传统的Al‑Si系压铸铝合金都含有较高的Si元素，以提高合计的铸造流动性；(2)大大提高了低熔点合金元素Zn的含量，当Zn的质量分数大于20％时，Al‑Zn合金的熔点显著下降，从而大大改善了合金的液体流动性。而目前可应用于压铸工艺的ZL401，Zn含量不超过13％，同时添加7％的Si元素来保证合金的流动性，但该合金力学性能较差。本发明通过成分设计得到新型的压铸铝合金，其微观结构为典型的枝晶组织，主要包含初生α‑Al和α+η的共晶组织。力学性能测试结果表明，该合金具有优异的力学性能，远高于现有的压铸铝合金。
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy materials, and in particular relates to a high-Zn die-casting aluminum alloy. The main chemical composition of the alloy is completely different from the existing die-casting aluminum alloy system. The alloys all contain high Si element to improve the total casting fluidity; (2) the content of the low melting point alloy element Zn is greatly increased. When the mass fraction of Zn is greater than 20%, the melting point of the Al-Zn alloy decreases significantly, Thus, the fluidity of the alloy is greatly improved. However, ZL401, which can be applied to the die casting process at present, has a Zn content of no more than 13%, and at the same time adds 7% Si element to ensure the fluidity of the alloy, but the mechanical properties of the alloy are poor. The invention obtains a new type of die-casting aluminum alloy through component design, and its microstructure is a typical dendritic structure, mainly including primary α-Al and α+η eutectic structure. The mechanical properties test results show that the alloy has excellent mechanical properties, much higher than the existing die-casting aluminum alloys.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum alloy materials technical field, it is related to a kind of high Zn pack alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy has extensively due to the advantages that specific strength is high, and thermal diffusivity is good in Aeronautics and Astronautics, weapons and electronics industry
General application.In recent years, the integration of components and the lightweight of product quality are industrially increasingly pursued.Originally by several castings
The component that part, forging and machining are constituted is changed to the casting of an entirety, these casting often have that structure is complicated, internal more
The features such as chamber, boss, unexpected thin and thick section transition, and wall thickness is less than 4mm, is locally even less than 2mm.Therefore, these aluminium alloys
Thin-wall part is difficult to realize by way of machining, and aluminum alloy thin wall pieces generally use die-casting process one-pass molding in industry,
Processing cost is greatly reduced, production efficiency is improved.In general, pack alloy all has excellent casting fluidity.It influences
There are many factor of alloy liquid mobility, and in addition to external factor such as pouring technology and mould structures, material feature itself is to alloy
The influence of liquid flowing is clearly.In general, alloy crystallizing range is smaller, and casting fluidity is better.Therefore, there is eutectic
The alloy of ingredient generally has good casting fluidity near point.On the other hand, the alloy member of low melting point is added in the alloy
Low-alloyed fusing point drops in element, and the degree of superheat of identical pouring temperature, melt is bigger, to be conducive to improve the liquid flow of alloy
Dynamic property.Currently, the cast aluminium alloy gold that can be used for die casting has Al-Si system, Al-Cu system, Al-Mg system etc..Wherein, representative
Alloy is ADC12 alloy (the Japanese trade mark), and main chemical compositions include Si (9wt.%~13wt.%), Cu (1.5wt.%~
3.5wt.%).Silicone content is near eutectic point, and a large amount of eutectic structure makes ADC12 alloy strength higher, and tensile strength is reachable
To 228MPa, while ductility is poor, and elongation percentage is less than 3%.With the reduction of wall thickness, the bearing capacity of component sharply declines,
Existing pack alloy mechanical property has been unable to satisfy the requirement that component is on active service safely, therefore, researches and develops high performance die casting aluminium and closes
Gold is to solve the existing insufficient unique channel of pack alloy system mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high Zn pack alloys and preparation method thereof, with the die casting of traditional Al~Si system
Aluminium alloy is compared, and mechanical property and casting character are improved simultaneously.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc is 20%~40%, and surplus is aluminium
With inevitable impurity element.
Further, further include 1%~4% copper.
Further, further include 0.6%~1.3% iron.
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the high Zn pack alloy, comprising the following steps:
Aluminium is placed in smelting furnace, 660~730 DEG C is heated to, it is made to be molten into metallic solution, into metallic solution
Zn is added, continues stirring until whole fusings；700~730 DEG C are adjusted the temperature to, refining agent is added and is refined, standing 10~
After 30min, start to cast.
Further, copper is added simultaneously when Zn is added.
Further, the form of the copper of addition is Al-Cu intermediate alloy.
Further, ferro element is additionally added when copper is added.
Further, the form of the ferro element of addition is Al-Fe intermediate alloy.
Further, the refining agent is the mixture of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and fluoride composition, or is chlordene
Ethane, carbon tetrachloride or titanium tetrachloride.
Further, fluoride CaF2Or Na3AlF6。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
Compared with existing pack alloy, the liquid fluidity and mechanical property of above-mentioned high Zn pack alloy are significantly mentioned
It is high.The liquid flowing of alloy is tested by traditional " spiral sample " method.Test result shows high Zn pack alloy
Mobility is much better than traditional Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold, about the 3 of A356 times, compared with ADC12, improve 30% with
On.Moreover, high Zn alloy mechanical property is also significantly improved, and yield strength reaches 375MPa, and tensile strength is up to
445MPa is much higher than the superior ADC12 alloy of current comprehensive performance.At the same time, high Zn alloy has good ductility, breaks
It splits elongation percentage and is up to 16%, and existing pack alloy elongation percentage is generally lower than 3%.
Further, solid solution element Cu is added to further increase the intensity of Al matrix.
Further, Fe member is added usually reduces the mucous membrane degree of alloy.
The invention discloses the preparation method of high Zn pack alloy, pure zinc is added in aluminum solutions after being melted down, passes through
Refining agent refining, finally casting obtains the pack alloy containing zinc, and preparation method is simple, prepares the pressure containing high ingredient zinc
Cast aluminium alloy has good liquid fluidity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanned photograph and EDAX results of high Zn pack alloy of the invention；Wherein, (a) figure represents
Microstructure low power observes photo (250X)；(b) figure represents microstructure high power photo (2000X)；(b1) figure represents in figure (b)
The distribution results of power spectrum (EDS) Surface scan Al element；(b2) figure represents the distribution of power spectrum (EDS) Surface scan Zn element in figure (b)
As a result；(b3) figure represents the distribution results of power spectrum (EDS) Surface scan Cu element in figure (b)；(c) figure represents partial zones in figure (b)
Domain power spectrum (EDS) line scan element distribution results；
Fig. 2 is high Zn pack alloy of the invention compared with the tensile property of common pack alloy.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
The present invention is prepared for a kind of high Zn pack alloy, is closed by increasing the content of low-melting alloy element Zn to improve
The mobility of golden liquid.It can be seen that from Al-Zn binary phase diagraml when the content of Zn is more than 20wt.%, the fusing point of alloy is significant
It reduces.Therefore, the content of Zn element is improved to 20wt.% or more, is not needed addition silicon addition, can also be obtained good liquid
Liquid flowability.
The chemical component of high Zn pack alloy prepared by the present invention are as follows: the mass percent of Zn is 20%~40%,
Surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.Because of even rafifinal, absolutely purity is also not achieved, it will necessarily be containing few
The impurity of amount.
More preferably, aluminum substrate is strengthened by addition alloying element cu, reinforces the intensity of aluminium alloy, Fe element can be also added
To drop low-alloyed mucous membrane degree.Wherein, the mass percent that Cu element is added is 1.0%~4.0%, the copper of addition
Form is Al-Cu intermediate alloy；It is 0.6% that Fe element mass fraction, which is added, and the form that Fe element is added is closed among Al-Fe
Gold.
The preparation method of the alloy be pure Al is placed in smelting furnace be heated to 660~730 DEG C to melt, Xiang Rong
The pure metal Zn of regulation proportion is added in the metallic solution of change, continues stirring until whole fusings, temperature control is added to 700~730 DEG C
Appropriate refining agent is refined, and after standing 10~30min, is cast in metal die.
When needing that copper is added, after by pure Al fusing, pure zinc and Al-Cu intermediate alloy is added.
The refining agent is the mixture of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and fluoride composition, or using single
Carbon trichloride, carbon tetrachloride or titanium tetrachloride.Use traditional refining agent can be with purified treatment aluminium alloy melt, refining agent tool
There are degasification, absorption Slag inclusion to float to the liquid level of aluminum solutions and form the ability of dry slag.Common refining agent is using chloride as base
Fluoride, such as CaF is added in plinth2、Na3AlF6。
The study found that typical dendrite morphology is presented in above-mentioned high Zn pack alloy microstructure, Fig. 1 is that the scanning of alloy is seen
Examine result.Figure (a-b) Oxford gray region is α~Al, and white area is α+η eutectic regions, due to the increase of the content of Zn, altogether
Crystalline region domain occupies very big ratio.It is further able to spectrum analysis discovery, a small amount of distribution of particles containing Cu is in eutectic regions.
Table 1 is listed according to following embodiment, specific as follows:
Embodiment 1
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 20%, surplus are aluminium and can not
The impurity element avoided.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is 20%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 30%, surplus are aluminium and can not
The impurity element avoided.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is 30%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, surplus are aluminium and can not
The impurity element avoided.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is 40%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 20%, copper 4%, surplus are
Aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 20%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 4% is added on the basis of (1) and (2).
Embodiment 5
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 30%, copper 2%, surplus are
Aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 30%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 2% is added on the basis of (1) and (2).
Embodiment 6
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, copper 1%, surplus are
Aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 40%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 1% is added on the basis of (1) and (2).
Embodiment 7
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, copper 4%, surplus are
Aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 40%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 4% is added on the basis of (1) and (2).
Embodiment 8
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, copper 4%, iron are
0.6%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 40%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 4% and the alloying element that mass fraction is 0.6% are added on the basis of (1) and (2)
Fe。
Embodiment 9
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, copper 4%, iron are
0.9%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 40%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 4% and the alloying element that mass fraction is 0.9% are added on the basis of (1) and (2)
Fe。
Embodiment 10
A kind of high Zn pack alloy, based on mass fraction, including following component: zinc 40%, copper 4%, iron are
1.3%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity element.
It has the characteristics that in terms of composition design, (1) does not add Si element；(2) Zn element mass fraction is increased to 40%；
(3) alloying element cu that mass fraction is 4% and the alloying element that mass fraction is 1.3% are added on the basis of (1) and (2)
Fe。
The corresponding alloying component of each embodiment of table 1
Comparative example 1
A kind of Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold (ADC12) for taking into account casting fluidity and mechanical property, main alloy element
It is 9%~13%Si, 1.5%~3.5%Cu and 0.6~1.3%Fe comprising mass fraction, remaining is for Al and unavoidably
Impurity element.
Comparative example 2
A kind of Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold (A356) for taking into account casting fluidity and mechanical property, main alloy element
It is 6.5%~7.5%Si, 0.3%~0.45%Mg including mass fraction.Remaining is Al and inevitable impurity element.
Comparative example 3
A kind of Al-Zn-Si system cast aluminium alloy gold (ZL401) for taking into account casting fluidity and mechanical property, major alloy
Element includes that mass fraction is 9%~13%Zn, 6%~8%Si, 0.1%~0.3%Mg.Remaining is for Al and inevitably
Impurity element.
2 part of table is compared for the cast aluminium alloy gold of die-casting process and the mechanical property of this high Zn cast aluminium alloy gold
3, table high Zn cast aluminium alloy golds and common pack alloy mobility compare
Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram made according to table 2, be can be seen that from Fig. 2 and table 3, compared with existing pack alloy, the present invention
High Zn pack alloy liquid fluidity and mechanical property significantly improve.By traditional " spiral sample " method to the liquid of alloy
Body flowing is tested.Test result shows that the mobility of high Zn pack alloy is much better than traditional Al-Si system casting aluminium and closes
3 times of gold, about A356 (U.S.'s trade mark) improve 30% or more compared with ADC12 (the Japanese trade mark).Moreover, high
Zn alloy mechanical property is also significantly improved, and yield strength reaches 375MPa, and tensile strength is up to 445MPa, much higher than current
The superior ADC12 alloy of comprehensive performance.At the same time, high Zn alloy has good ductility, and fracture elongation is up to 16%,
And existing pack alloy elongation percentage is generally lower than 3%.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113234975A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 东北大学 | High-zinc Al-Zn-Cu-Ag alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113913655A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-01-11 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Die-casting aluminum alloy and its preparation method, structural part and terminal |
| CN118957342A (en) * | 2024-07-24 | 2024-11-15 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | A composite refining agent for casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| GB926312A (en) * | 1958-06-05 | 1963-05-15 | Charles Topley | Improvements in alloys |
| JPS5861246A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1983-04-12 | Mitsuo Sohgoh Kenkyusho Kk | Aluminum alloy |
| CN105886862A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-08-24 | 太仓市纯杰金属制品有限公司 | Anti-corrosion aluminum-zinc alloy material |
| CN106191487A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength casting Al Zn alloy |
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2019
- 2019-01-04 CN CN201910008601.XA patent/CN109457153A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB926312A (en) * | 1958-06-05 | 1963-05-15 | Charles Topley | Improvements in alloys |
| JPS5861246A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1983-04-12 | Mitsuo Sohgoh Kenkyusho Kk | Aluminum alloy |
| CN105886862A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-08-24 | 太仓市纯杰金属制品有限公司 | Anti-corrosion aluminum-zinc alloy material |
| CN106191487A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength casting Al Zn alloy |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113913655A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-01-11 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Die-casting aluminum alloy and its preparation method, structural part and terminal |
| CN113234975A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-10 | 东北大学 | High-zinc Al-Zn-Cu-Ag alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN118957342A (en) * | 2024-07-24 | 2024-11-15 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | A composite refining agent for casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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