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CN109384753B - A kind of synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds - Google Patents

A kind of synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds Download PDF

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CN109384753B
CN109384753B CN201710670385.6A CN201710670385A CN109384753B CN 109384753 B CN109384753 B CN 109384753B CN 201710670385 A CN201710670385 A CN 201710670385A CN 109384753 B CN109384753 B CN 109384753B
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methylbenzofuran
ethyl acetate
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刘永祥
程卯生
汤迎湛
江崇国
肖建勇
林斌
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Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
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    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/77Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D307/78Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans
    • C07D307/79Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
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Abstract

本发明属于药物化学技术领域,提供了一种2‑苯基‑3‑甲基苯并呋喃化合物的合成方法。反应通式如下所示,该方法的反应底物为不同取代的3‑苯并呋喃甲基苯基醚,在无催化剂和无溶剂条件下通过搅拌加热促进反应进行。此反应可重排生成一系列2‑苯基‑3‑甲基苯并呋喃类化合物,具有操作简单、应用范围广、副产物少、收率高和反应绿色的特点。

Figure DDA0001372921040000011
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal chemistry and provides a method for synthesizing a 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound. The general reaction formula is shown below, and the reaction substrate of this method is 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether with different substitutions, and the reaction is promoted by stirring and heating under catalyst-free and solvent-free conditions. This reaction can be rearranged to generate a series of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds, and has the characteristics of simple operation, wide application range, few by-products, high yield and green reaction.
Figure DDA0001372921040000011

Description

Synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal chemistry, and relates to a synthetic method of a 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound. In particular to a method for generating 2-phenyl-3-methyl benzofuran compounds by rearranging 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ethers with specific substitution under the condition of no catalyst and no solvent.
Background
The 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran is a natural product which is separated from plants and has various structures and various activities, attracts the attention of many scientists because of wide biological activity, and is a lead compound which can be used for drug development. Various natural products with 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran as a framework have various biological activities and pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial activity (J.Nat.Prod.2006,69, 121-19-124.), antioxidant activity (biosci.Biotechnol.biochem.2001,65, 1402-1405), antitumor activity (chem.Commun.2009,14,1879-1881.), antidiabetic activity (bioorg.Med.chem.Lett.2010,20, 5398-5401-1303-J.Nat.prod.2014, 77, 1297-1303-A). Therefore, the 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound has important research significance in the aspects of biological activity and full-synthetic application of medicines or natural products. The methods reported to date for the synthesis of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofurans are mainly achieved by catalytic coupling of expensive metal catalysts.
In 2004, the Gillmore topic group discovered a Pd-mediated process2(dba)3The substituted 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound can be synthesized by constructing an intramolecular C-O bond through catalysis, and the yield is about 80%. However, this method requires the use of an expensive catalyst (org. Lett.2004,6, 4755-.
Figure BDA0001372921030000011
In 2004, Naito topic group found that trifluoroacetyl triflate and 4-dimethylaminopyridine catalyzed oxime ether compounds can be acylated and rearranged at 0 ℃ for 1.5-5 hours to obtain substituted 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds, and the yield is 15-99%. However, this process also has the disadvantage of requiring the use of expensive trifluoroacetyl triflate as catalyst (org. Lett.2004,6, 1761-1763.).
Figure BDA0001372921030000021
In 2006, the Sanz project group reported a method for synthesizing 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds. Cyclizing the product with carboxylic ester through lithium halogen exchange and benzyl methylene lithiation reaction, and dehydrating under the catalysis of indium chloride to obtain the substituted 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound with the yield of 35-73% (J.Org.chem.2006,71, 4024-.
Figure BDA0001372921030000022
In 2011, 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds are obtained by the Jumbam project group through the cyclization reaction of 2-acetyl phenyl benzoate in tetrahydrofuran under the catalysis of titanium trichloride or titanium tetrachloride for 48 hours, and the yield is between 65 and 76 percent (Bull. chem. Soc. Ethiop.2011,25, 157-160.).
Figure BDA0001372921030000023
In 2015, Chung project group obtained 40% yield of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds by coupling reaction of 3-methylbenzofuran and iodobenzene under catalysis of palladium acetate and silver carbonate (chem.Commun.,2015,51, 14543-14546.).
Figure BDA0001372921030000024
In 2015, the Li group obtained 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds (J.Org.chem.2015,80,10686-10693) by rhodium-catalyzed C-H activation of N-phenoxyacetamide.
Figure BDA0001372921030000025
In summary, natural products of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran have various structures, have various biological activities, and have very important functions in many aspects, and known reaction conditions for synthesizing 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran analogues require expensive catalysts, and the solvents pollute the environment. According to the atom economy principle of the reaction, the most ideal, economical and green reaction should avoid the use of expensive catalysts and environmentally-polluting solvents and reduce the production of environmentally-unfriendly by-products. However, no such process is known in the art which does not require a catalyst or solvent.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of expensive catalyst and serious environmental pollution in the prior art, and provide a novel method for synthesizing the 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound by taking the 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether compound as a substrate, not requiring a catalyst and a solvent, and adding silica gel as an additive, so that the reaction temperature can be reduced, the reaction yield can be improved, and the 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound can be synthesized through a rearrangement reaction.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps of carrying out mitsunobu reaction on a 3-benzofuran methanol compound and a phenol compound under the condition of no catalyst and no solvent heating to prepare 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether, and carrying out rearrangement on the 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether to obtain the 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound. The chemical reaction formula is shown as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000031
wherein R is1,R2Is hydrogen, benzyloxy, C1-C4An alkoxy group.
The preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. charging of
Adding a 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether substrate into a round-bottom flask, adding a reaction medium with the molar volume dosage of 1-10 times that of the substrate, adding silica gel with the dosage of 1-3 times of the weight ratio, and evaporating the medium by a rotary evaporator. The reaction medium is as follows: dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, preferably: dichloromethane in an amount of: 1 to 10 times, preferably 5 times the molar volume of the substrate. 2. Reaction of
Stirring the mixture for reaction at the temperature of 120-160 ℃, wherein the reaction time is 3-5h, and detecting the reaction process by thin layer chromatography. The developing agent for thin-layer chromatography is petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, water or a mixture of two or three of the above, wherein petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v: 50/1-2/1) or n-hexane/ethyl acetate (v/v: 50/1-2/1) or petroleum ether/n-hexane/ethyl acetate (v/v/v: 25/25/1-1/1/1) is preferred
3. Post-treatment of the reaction solution
And (3) directly carrying out column chromatography separation and purification on the cooled reactant and a reaction mixture by using silica gel to obtain a target product, wherein the developing agent system is as follows: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, water or a mixture of two or three of them, wherein a petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (v/v: 50/1-2/1) or n-hexane/ethyl acetate (v/v: 50/1-2/1) system or a petroleum ether/n-hexane/ethyl acetate (v/v/v: 25/25/1-1/1/1) system is preferable.
The invention has the advantages that 2-phenyl-3-methyl benzofuran compounds can be generated from 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether without heating a catalyst and a solvent, the reaction application range is wider, the substrate is cheap and easy to obtain, and the reaction operation is simple and convenient. Compared with the synthesis method of the 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compound in the prior art, the method conforms to the concept of green chemistry and also ensures higher reaction yield.
Detailed Description
The advantages and the preparation of the present invention will be better understood in connection with the following examples, which are intended to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Dissolving a substrate 1(1mmol) in mesitylene (2mL), heating the reaction mixture to 180 ℃, stirring and reacting for 4 hours, and separating by using a flash column chromatography method after the reaction is finished to obtain a target product a with the yield of 35%. The reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000041
spectral data for product a were:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=8.4Hz,5H),7.33(m,2H),7.25(m,5H),7.08(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),5.12(s,2H),5.04(s,2H),5.02(s,2H),2.09(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.7,158.6,157.3,156.7,155.6,143.9,137.1,136.8,136.7,128.8,128.7,128.6,128.3,128.1,127.8,127.7,127.6,127.1,124.1,119.7,115.8,112.2,100.4,97.3,94.7,94.2,70.8,70.6,70.30,9.26;HRMS(ESI):m/z:Calcd.for C36H30O5[M+H]+543.2166,Found 543.2173。
example 2
Substrate 1(1mmol) was dissolved in toluene (2mL) and ZnCl was added2(0.2mmol,27mg) of Triton, andheating the reaction mixture to 140 ℃, stirring and reacting for 4 hours, and separating by using a flash column chromatography method after the reaction is finished to obtain a target product a with the yield of 40%. The reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000051
spectral data for product a were:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=8.4Hz,5H),7.33(m,2H),7.25(m,5H),7.08(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),5.12(s,2H),5.04(s,2H),5.02(s,2H),2.09(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.7,158.6,157.3,156.7,155.6,143.9,137.1,136.8,136.7,128.8,128.7,128.6,128.3,128.1,127.8,127.7,127.6,127.1,124.1,119.7,115.8,112.2,100.4,97.3,94.7,94.2,70.8,70.6,70.30,9.26;HRMS(ESI):m/z:Calcd.for C36H30O5[M+H]+543.2166,Found 543.2173。
example 3
Dissolving the substrate 1(1mmol) in dichloromethane (2mL), adding silica gel (1g), distilling under reduced pressure to evaporate dichloromethane to dryness, heating the reaction mixture to 140 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, and separating by using a flash column chromatography method after the reaction is finished to obtain the target product a with the yield of 75%. The reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000052
spectral data for product a were:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=8.4Hz,5H),7.33(m,2H),7.25(m,5H),7.08(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),5.12(s,2H),5.04(s,2H),5.02(s,2H),2.09(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.7,158.6,157.3,156.7,155.6,143.9,137.1,136.8,136.7,128.8,128.7,128.6,128.3,128.1,127.8,127.7,127.6,127.1,124.1,119.7,115.8,112.2,100.4,97.3,94.7,94.2,70.8,70.6,70.30,9.26;HRMS(ESI):m/z:Calcd.for C36H30O5[M+H]+543.2166,Found 543.2173。
example 4
The reaction substrate 1 was changed to the reaction substrate 2, and the same procedure as in example 3 was repeated to give the objective compound b in a reaction yield of 63%. The reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000061
spectral data for product b were:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47(t,J=8.3Hz,4H),7.42(m,5H),7.35(m,3H),7.09(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.01(dd,J=8.5,2.1Hz,1H),6.96(s,1H),6.69(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),6.66(dd,J=8.5,2.5Hz,1H),5.14(s,2H),5.10(s,2H),2.34(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ155.5,136.9,136.8,129.9,128.8,128.2,128.1,127.7,126.6,119.6,112.6,112.0,110.0,108.0,103.0,97.2,70.8,70.2,9.3;HRMS(ESI):m/z:Calcd.for C29H24O4[M+H]+437.1747,Found 437.1750。
example 5
The reaction substrate 1 was changed to the reaction substrate 3, and the same procedure as in example 3 was repeated to give the objective compound c in a reaction yield of 79%. The reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001372921030000062
spectral data for product c were:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(s,1H),7.53(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.41(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.22(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.00(dd,J=8.0,2.2Hz,1H),6.63(dd,J=8.0,2.1Hz,1H),6.58(t,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.56(dd,J=8.2,2.2Hz,1H),5.15(d,J=0.6Hz,2H),5.12(s,2H),3.80(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.0,16.0,157.5,156.6,142.5,136.9,130.1,128.8,128.2,127.6,120.5,120.4,116.8,112.8,106.9,109.8,101.5,97.5,70.7,61.4,55.4;HRMS(ESI):m/z:Calcd.for C23H20O4[M+H]+361.1434,Found 361.1439。

Claims (6)

1. 2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:其方法如下,1. the synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds, is characterized in that: its method is as follows, (1)加料(1) Feeding 3-苯并呋喃甲基苯基醚底物加入摩尔体积用量为底物1-10倍的反应介质,再加入用量1-3倍重量比的硅胶,将介质通过旋转蒸发仪蒸干;The 3-benzofuran methyl phenyl ether substrate is added with a reaction medium whose molar volume is 1-10 times that of the substrate, and then silica gel with an amount of 1-3 times by weight is added, and the medium is evaporated to dryness by a rotary evaporator; (2)反应(2) Reaction 在温度为120-160 °C条件下搅拌反应,反应时间为3-5 h,以薄层色谱检测反应过程;Stirring reaction at temperature is 120-160 DEG C, the reaction times is 3-5 h, detects reaction process with thin layer chromatography; (3)反应液后处理(3) Post-treatment of the reaction solution 将冷却后的反应物,用硅胶对反应混合物直接进行柱层析分离提纯得到2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物;The cooled reactant is directly separated and purified by column chromatography on the reaction mixture with silica gel to obtain 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
R1,R2为氢、苄氧基、C1-C4烷氧基。R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen, benzyloxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy.
2.根据权利要求1所述的2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)所述的反应介质为:二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、氯仿、丙酮、四氢呋喃,其用量为:底物摩尔体积的1-10倍。2. The method for synthesizing 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds according to claim 1, wherein the reaction medium described in the step (1) is: dichloromethane, ethyl acetate Ester, chloroform, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, the dosage is: 1-10 times the molar volume of the substrate. 3.根据权利要求1所述的2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的薄层色谱的展开剂为石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、甲醇、氯仿、二氯甲烷、丙酮、四氢呋喃、水或者其中的两者或三者的混合液。3. the synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the developing agent of thin layer chromatography described in step (2) is petroleum ether, acetic acid Ethyl ester, n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, water or a mixture of two or three of them. 4.根据权利要求1所述的2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的薄层色谱的展开剂为体积比为50/1~2/1的石油醚/乙酸乙酯或正己烷/乙酸乙酯展开体系或体积比为25/25/1~1/1/1的石油醚/正己烷/乙酸乙酯。4. the synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the developing agent of the thin layer chromatography described in the step (2) is that the volume ratio is 50 /1~2/1 petroleum ether/ethyl acetate or n-hexane/ethyl acetate developing system or petroleum ether/n-hexane/ethyl acetate with a volume ratio of 25/25/1~1/1/1. 5.根据权利要求1所述的2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中产物的分离提纯方法为:直接用柱层析的方法进行分离提纯,展开剂的体系为:石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、甲醇、氯仿、二氯甲烷、丙酮、四氢呋喃、水或者其中的两者或三者的混合液。5. the synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the separation and purification method of product in step (3) is: the method of directly using column chromatography For separation and purification, the developing solvent system is: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, water or a mixture of two or three of them. 6.根据权利要求1所述的2-苯基-3-甲基苯并呋喃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中以体积比为50/1~2/1的石油醚/乙酸乙酯或正己烷/乙酸乙酯体系或体积比为25/25/1~1/1/1的石油醚/正己烷/乙酸乙酯体系进行柱层析分离。6. the synthetic method of 2-phenyl-3-methylbenzofuran compounds according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), be 50/1~2/1 petroleum ether with volume ratio /ethyl acetate or n-hexane/ethyl acetate system or petroleum ether/n-hexane/ethyl acetate system with a volume ratio of 25/25/1 ~ 1/1/1 is separated by column chromatography.
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