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CN109199551A - Stereotaxic technique between individuation Naokong - Google Patents

Stereotaxic technique between individuation Naokong Download PDF

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CN109199551A
CN109199551A CN201811232936.1A CN201811232936A CN109199551A CN 109199551 A CN109199551 A CN 109199551A CN 201811232936 A CN201811232936 A CN 201811232936A CN 109199551 A CN109199551 A CN 109199551A
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skull
axis
face
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faces
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CN109199551B (en
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赵华
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3403—Needle locating or guiding means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/10—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
    • A61B90/11—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种个体化脑空间立体定位技术，通过在头颅外表面引入面、轴、角的概念，重新分区命名，获取由手术面、3个辅助定位面、5个轴、2个角相连构成的一体的“4面5轴2角”三维立体空间结构，然后从头颅CT上得到头颅表面的影像数据，应用3D打印机，将头颅的“4面5轴2角”的三维空间立体结构打印成一体的头颅表面构件；将头颅表面构件与头颅表面贴合完全复位，使得手术面上的点与头颅表面构件上的点完全重合后，辅助微创诊断、介入治疗脑疾病。本发明能够实现同时从颅外到颅内脑病变组织多针道、不同角度、多点位的脑空间立体定位。

The invention discloses an individualized brain space stereo positioning technology. By introducing the concepts of plane, axis and angle on the outer surface of the skull, re-zoning and naming, obtaining the operation plane, 3 auxiliary positioning planes, 5 axes and 2 angles. The three-dimensional spatial structure of "4 faces, 5 axes and 2 angles" is formed by connecting them together, and then the image data of the skull surface is obtained from the CT of the skull, and the three-dimensional spatial structure of the "4 faces, 5 axes and 2 angles" of the head is converted by a 3D printer. It is a printed cranial surface component; the cranial surface component and the cranial surface are completely repositioned, so that the points on the operating surface and the points on the cranial surface component are completely coincident, which can assist in the minimally invasive diagnosis and interventional treatment of brain diseases. The invention can realize the stereotaxic positioning of the brain space from the extracranial to the intracranial brain diseased tissue with multiple needle tracks, different angles and multiple points at the same time.

Description

Stereotaxic technique between individuation Naokong
Technical field
The present invention relates to positioning fields between Naokong, and in particular to stereotaxic technique between a kind of individuation Naokong.
Background technique
Stereotaxic instrument between the Naokong of clinical application at present once can be only done and position outside cranium to the single needle of encephalic, lead to It is usually used in the diagnosis of intracranial tumors.Still can outside cranium to some space of encephalic simultaneously not carry out spininess road, different angle, The instrument of multi-point auxiliary positioning, the treatment for clinical auxiliary intracranial disease.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides stereotaxic techniques between a kind of individuation Naokong, using human head outside Stereotaxic technique between the anatomical features on surface and the individuation Naokong of cerebral CT design data can be realized while right outside cranium Cerebral lesion tissue in some space of encephalic carries out the space multistory positioning of spininess road, different angle, multi-point, assists minimally invasive examine Disconnected, interventional therapy cerebral disease.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Stereotaxic technique between individuation Naokong, characterized by the following steps:
S1, the face amount that head forehead, tempori sinistro, tempori dextro, occipitalia and top are respectively designated as to head, left temporo face, Right temporo face, pillow top and top surface, 5 faces have been interconnected to constitute the outer surface of head；Another face is transitioned into from a face to show For relatively gentler direction turnover, the turnover region between face and face is known as axis, is named with two adjacent faces, face amount and top The turnover region in face is named as " volume apical axis ", and similarly other 7 axis are: left volume temporo axis, right volume temporo axis, left pillow temporo axis, right pillow temporo Axis, left temporo apical axis, right temporo apical axis rest the head on apical axis；
The intersectional region of three axis is named as angle, head shares 4 angles, by being all around respectively designated as head: Left-front corner, right anterior angle, left rear corner, right relief angle；
By the function in each face, that face performed a surgical operation is known as operation face, other 3, head adjacent with operation face Face, referred to as auxiliary positioning face, operation face are normally placed at face amount, left temporo face, right temporo face, that close from encephalic cerebral disease in pillow top On face；
It is adjacent that any one operation face in head only has 3 faces, after operation face determines, auxiliary positioning face therewith depending on, hand Art face passes through 3 axis respectively and is connected with 3 auxiliary positioning faces, by 2 parallel axis connections one between 3 auxiliary positioning faces It rises, in X, Y, Z three dimensionality space, 2 axis moved towards in parallel on operation face constitute a face on X-dimension space, tie up with Z The α axis right angle intersection on the operation face of space is spent, both ends are C, D two o'clock, and 2 that secondary surface is connected in Y dimensional space walk in parallel To the face that constitutes of axis, the as top surface of head, also with a axis right angle intersection on the operation face of Z-dimension space, both ends are also in C, D In two o'clock, the face Jing Guo C, D two o'clock respectively on Z-dimension space, and both perpendicular to the operation face and top in X, Y dimensional space Face, is other two auxiliary positioning face, and C, D two o'clock are two angles on head surface, a axis and four additional axis by three-dimensional space Four interior faces link together, and constitute integrated " 2 jiaos of 4 face, 5 axis " three-dimensional space structure；
S2, the image data that head surface is obtained from head CT, using 3D printer,
The three-dimensional space stereochemical structure of " 2 jiaos of 4 face, 5 axis " of head is printed into integral head surface element；
S3, head surface element is bonded to reset completely with head surface, so that point and head surface structure on operation face Point on part is completely coincident；
S4, in head CT data, design the puncture needle from operation face to encephalic cerebral lesion position of multiple and different angles Road finds corresponding point of puncture on head component operation face, and needle track guiding carrier, guiding carrier are designed on the position of point of puncture Needle track guide hole is arranged in the position of center point of puncture, and records length of each needle track from head surface to encephalic, and such brain is worn Thorn medical needle can complete the treatment of intracranial disease under the guidance of head surface element needle track guiding carrier.
The invention has the following advantages:
Stereoscopic localized component between disposable Naokong can be designed and produced out according to everyone different head CT data, It can be realized while the space multistory outside cranium to encephalic cerebral lesion tissue spininess road, different angle, multi-point positions, realize Assist minimally invasive diagnosis, interventional therapy cerebral disease.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stable space frame that 5 axis in the three-dimensional space in the embodiment of the present invention are constituted.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention Protection scope.
Stereotaxic technique between the individuation Naokong that the present invention is implemented, includes the following steps:
S1, the face amount that head forehead, tempori sinistro, tempori dextro, occipitalia and top are respectively designated as to head, left temporo face, Right temporo face, pillow top and top surface, 5 faces have been interconnected to constitute the outer surface of head；Another face is transitioned into from a face to show For relatively gentler direction turnover, the turnover region between face and face is known as axis, is named with two adjacent faces, face amount and top The turnover region in face is named as " volume apical axis ", and similarly other 7 axis are: left volume temporo axis, right volume temporo axis, left pillow temporo axis, right pillow temporo Axis, left temporo apical axis, right temporo apical axis rest the head on apical axis；
The intersectional region of three axis is named as angle, head shares 4 angles, by being all around respectively designated as head: Left-front corner, right anterior angle, left rear corner, right relief angle；Face, axis, angle respectively represent a region, between without specific boundary line delimitation, often A human head differs greatly, some regions are not obvious；
By the function in each face, that face performed a surgical operation is known as operation face, other 3, head adjacent with operation face Face, referred to as auxiliary positioning face, operation face are normally placed at face amount, left temporo face, right temporo face, that close from encephalic cerebral lesion in pillow top On face；
It is adjacent that any one operation face in head only has 3 faces, after operation face determines, auxiliary positioning face therewith depending on, hand Art face passes through 3 axis respectively and is connected with 3 auxiliary positioning faces, by 2 parallel axis connections one between 3 auxiliary positioning faces It rises, in X, Y, Z three dimensionality space, 2 axis moved towards in parallel on operation face constitute a face on X-dimension space, tie up with Z The α axis right angle intersection on the operation face of space is spent, both ends are C, D two o'clock, and 2 that secondary surface is connected in Y dimensional space walk in parallel To the face that constitutes of axis, the as top surface of head, also with a axis right angle intersection on the operation face of Z-dimension space, both ends are also in C, D In two o'clock, the face Jing Guo C, D two o'clock respectively on Z-dimension space, and both perpendicular to the operation face and top in X, Y dimensional space Face, is other two auxiliary positioning face, and C, D two o'clock are two angles on head surface, a axis and four additional axis by three-dimensional space Four interior faces link together, and constitute integrated " 2 jiaos of 4 face, 5 axis " three-dimensional space structure；4 faces are operation face, auxiliary The two auxiliary positioning faces in top surface and left and right of positioning surface are helped, 5 axis in three-dimensional space constitute a stable space structure Frame (Fig. 1)；
S2, the image data that head surface is obtained from head CT, using 3D printer, by " 4 face, 5 axis 2 of head The three-dimensional space stereochemical structure at angle " prints integral head surface element；
S3, head surface element is bonded to reset completely with head surface, 5 axis on head surface and 2 angles can make Component is easier to be bonded reset with head surface, increases the precision of reset, and component is dropped in the error that head surface resets To minimum.Corresponding left and right two secondary surfaces, limit the movement of component in the lateral direction, the operation of component on component Head surface is tightly attached in face, and component is prevented to prevent component from doing to sufficient side direction from doing the movement to head direction, head top surface Movement, around three-dimensional space, on upper and lower six direction, component is merely able to do upwards or forward that 90 degree just The movement that head direction is left to range lining, when people's dorsal position, due to the effect of gravity, or one effect of artificial addition Power, so that it may so that component is tightly attached to head surface, can be avoided component and do movement in any direction in three-dimensional space.Have The head surface element of stereoeffect, can make the operation face on component obtain splendid space reset property, stability and Mobility resistant.A point or multiple points are arbitrarily selected on operation face, these points can be in the operation of head surface element Corresponding point is found on face, after head surface element resets completely, point on operation face will in head surface element Point be completely coincident.
S4, in head CT data, design the puncture needle from operation face to encephalic cerebral lesion position of multiple and different angles Road finds corresponding point of puncture on head component operation face, and needle track guiding carrier, guiding carrier are designed on the position of point of puncture Needle track guide hole is arranged in the position of center point of puncture, and records length of each needle track from head surface to encephalic, and such brain is worn Thorn medical needle can complete the treatment of intracranial disease under the guidance of head surface element needle track guiding carrier.
Embodiment
It is illustrated and is described using face amount as operation face, 3 auxiliary positioning faces being connected with face amount are left temporo face, top surface and right temporo Face, left volume temporo axis and right volume temporo axis and human body cephalopodium trend are consistent, and left temporo apical axis is identical with human body front-rear direction with right temporo apical axis, The axis that this about 2 and 2 front and backs are moved towards meets on the volume apical axis of left and right trend two-by-two respectively, constitutes the left-front corner of head With right anterior angle, 4 connected faces of 5 axis and 2 angles constitute a complete structure in three-dimensional space, and it is complete to form a structure Whole, spatial stability three-dimensional structure.
S1, the image data that head surface is obtained from head CT, using 3D printer, by " 4 face, 5 axis 2 of head The three-dimensional space stereochemical structure at angle " prints integral head surface element；
S2, head surface element is bonded to reset completely with head surface, so that point and head surface structure on operation face Point on part is completely coincident；
S3, in head CT data, design the puncture needle from operation face to encephalic cerebral lesion position of multiple and different angles Road finds corresponding point of puncture on head component operation face, and needle track guiding carrier, guiding carrier are designed on the position of point of puncture Needle track guide hole is arranged in the position of center point of puncture, and records length of each needle track from head surface to encephalic, and such brain is worn Thorn medical needle can complete the diagnosing and treating of intracranial disease under the guidance of head surface element needle track guiding carrier.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase Mutually combination.

Claims (1)

1.个体化脑空间立体定位技术，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：1. individualized brain space stereotaxic technology, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: S1、将头颅额部、左颞部、右颞部、枕部以及顶部分别命名为头颅的额面、左颞面、右颞面、枕面和顶面，5个面相互连接构成了头颅的外表面；S1. Name the frontal, left temporal, right temporal, occipital and top parts of the skull as the frontal, left temporal, right temporal, occipital and top surfaces of the skull, respectively. The five surfaces are connected to each other to form the skull's top surface. The outer surface; 将面与面之间的转折区域称为轴，用相邻的两个面命名，额面和顶面的转折区域命名为“额顶轴”，同理其它7个轴是：左额颞轴，右额颞轴，左枕颞轴，右枕颞轴，左颞顶轴，右颞顶轴，枕顶轴；The turning area between the faces is called the axis, and the two adjacent faces are named. The turning area of the frontal and parietal surfaces is named "fronto-parietal axis". Similarly, the other 7 axes are: left frontotemporal axis , right frontotemporal axis, left occipitotemporal axis, right occipitotemporal axis, left temporo-parietal axis, right temporo-parietal axis, occipito-parietal axis; 将三个轴的交汇区域命名为角，头颅共有4个角，按头颅的前后左右分别命名为：左前角、右前角、左后角、右后角；The intersection area of the three axes is named as the corner, and the skull has 4 corners, which are named according to the front, back, left, and right of the skull: left front corner, right front corner, left rear corner, and right rear corner; 按每个面的功用，将施行手术的那个面称为手术面，与手术面相邻的头颅其它3个面，称为辅助定位面；According to the function of each face, the face on which the operation is performed is called the operation face, and the other three faces of the skull adjacent to the operation face are called the auxiliary positioning face; 任何一个手术面在头颅仅有3个面相邻，手术面确定后，辅助定位面随之而定，手术面分别通过3个轴与3个辅助定位面相连，3个辅助定位面之间通过平行的2个轴连接在一起，在X、Y、Z三维度空间内，手术面上的2个平行走向的轴在X维度空间上构成一个面，与Z维度空间手术面上的α轴直角相交，两端是C、D两点，在Y维度空间上连接辅助面的2个平行走向的轴构成的面，即为头颅的顶面，也同Z维度空间手术面上的a轴直角相交，两端也在C、D两点上，在Z维度空间上分别经过C、D两点的面，并同时垂直于X、Y维度空间上的手术面和顶面，是另外两个辅助定位面，C、D两点是头颅表面上的两个角，a轴及另外四个轴将三维空间内的四个面连接在一起，构成了一体的“4面5轴2角”三维立体空间结构；Any operative surface has only 3 adjacent faces on the skull. After the operative surface is determined, the auxiliary positioning surface will be determined accordingly. The two parallel axes are connected together. In the three-dimensional space of X, Y, and Z, the two parallel axes on the surgical surface form a plane in the X-dimensional space, which is at right angles to the α-axis on the surgical surface in the Z-dimensional space. Intersection, the two ends are C and D, and the plane formed by the two parallel axes connecting the auxiliary plane in the Y dimension space is the top surface of the skull, and it also intersects with the a-axis on the Z dimension space operation plane at right angles. , both ends are also at points C and D, respectively passing through the surfaces of points C and D in the Z dimension space, and at the same time perpendicular to the operating surface and the top surface in the X and Y dimension space, which are the other two auxiliary positioning The two points C and D are the two corners on the surface of the skull. The a-axis and the other four axes connect the four surfaces in the three-dimensional space together, forming an integrated three-dimensional space of "4 faces, 5 axes and 2 angles". structure; S2、从头颅CT上得到头颅表面的影像数据，应用3D打印机，将头颅的“4面5轴2角”的三维空间立体结构打印成一体的头颅表面构件；S2. Obtain the image data of the skull surface from the skull CT, and use a 3D printer to print the three-dimensional structure of the skull's "4 faces, 5 axes and 2 corners" into an integrated skull surface component; S3、将头颅表面构件与头颅表面贴合完全复位，使得手术面上的点与头颅表面构件上的点完全重合；S3. Completely reposition the cranial surface component and the cranial surface, so that the point on the operation surface completely coincides with the point on the cranial surface component; S4、在头颅CT数据内，设计多个不同角度的自手术面至颅内脑病变部位的穿刺针道，在头颅构件手术面上找到相对应的穿刺点，在穿刺点的位置上设计针道导引架，导引架中心穿刺点的位置设置针道导引孔，并记录每个针道自头颅表面至颅内的长度，这样脑穿刺治疗针就能够在头颅表面构件针道导引架的引导下，完成颅内疾病的治疗。S4. In the head CT data, design a plurality of puncture needle tracks from the operating surface to the intracranial brain lesions at different angles, find the corresponding puncture points on the operating surface of the skull components, and design the needle tracks at the positions of the puncture points Guide frame, the needle guide hole is set at the position of the center puncture point of the guide frame, and the length of each needle track from the skull surface to the inside of the skull is recorded, so that the brain puncture treatment needle can form the needle guide frame on the skull surface. Under the guidance of , complete the treatment of intracranial diseases.
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CN207236830U (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-04-17 北京启麟科技有限公司 A kind of Maxillary region 3D printing guide plate for Minimally Invasive Surgery
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CN107616838A (en) * 2017-11-01 2018-01-23 于江平 A kind of 3D printing personalization plunger type puncture for treating template with fixing device
CN108523999A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-09-14 山东卓业电子科技有限公司 Intracranial tumour positioning drills, the design method of puncturing operation 3D printing template

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