CN109126647B - Preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres - Google Patents
Preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN109126647B CN109126647B CN201811046804.XA CN201811046804A CN109126647B CN 109126647 B CN109126647 B CN 109126647B CN 201811046804 A CN201811046804 A CN 201811046804A CN 109126647 B CN109126647 B CN 109126647B
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- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres, and belongs to the technical field of novel environment-friendly materials. The coal slime is modified, so that the particle surface is rough, the specific surface area is increased, the adsorption capacity is enhanced, and meanwhile, after modification, the hydrogen ions of the hydroxyl groups on the particle surface can be dissociated, so that the electronegativity of the particle surface is enhanced, and metal ions or cationic pollutants with positive charges can be adsorbed; titanium dioxide is loaded on the surface of the graphene oxide, so that the gel balls can decompose pollutants into water and carbon dioxide under sunlight or ultraviolet irradiation, and degrade the pollutants while adsorbing the pollutants, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the pollutants; according to the invention, the gel spheres formed by sodium alginate are used as a matrix, the surface of the gel spheres is mixed with modified coal slime particles, and the gel spheres are coated by the graphene oxide loaded with nano titanium dioxide, so that the gel spheres can quickly adsorb pollution and carry out photocatalytic degradation, the adsorption time is short, and the adsorption capacity is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres, and belongs to the technical field of novel environment-friendly materials.
Background
The water body is one of the main natural resources on which human beings live, is also an important component of the human ecological environment, is also a storage for the material biogeochemical cycle, and has certain sensitivity to the environment. Due to the influence of human activities, the pollutants entering the water body environment are more and more, and the pollutants cause a plurality of problems for the environment and human health. Particularly, with the development of industries such as mining, smelting, chemical engineering, electroplating, electronics, leather making and the like, unreasonable landfill and stacking of civil solid wastes, accidental discharge of heavy metal pollutants and application of a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, various heavy metal pollutants enter a water body. Heavy metal pollutants are difficult to treat, and have quite high stability and difficult degradability in water. The accumulation of heavy metals to a certain extent in water can cause serious damage to the water-aquatic plant-aquatic animal system and may directly or indirectly affect the human health through the food chain. Therefore, the heavy metal pollution of the water body becomes one of the most serious environmental problems in the world at present, and how to scientifically and effectively solve the problem of the heavy metal pollution to the water body becomes one of the hot spots of the governments of all countries in the world and the research of vast environmental protection workers.
The research of restoring and treating the heavy metal pollution of the water body is the most extensive research content developed by various countries in the world, and almost every country faces the problem of the heavy metal pollution of the water body with different degrees, so the research on the aspect is concerned. In general, the following two basic approaches are adopted for restoring and treating heavy metal pollution of the water body, namely, the migration capacity and the bioavailability of the heavy metal in the water body are reduced;
and secondly, the heavy metals are thoroughly removed from the polluted water body. The following briefly introduces the more commonly used chemical coagulation, adsorption and electro-remediation methods: chemical coagulation and adsorption methods: many heavy metals exist in water solutions mainly as cations, and raising the pH of the water can precipitate most heavy metals as hydroxides. In addition, other numerous anions can also precipitate the corresponding heavy metal ions. Therefore, substances such as lime, calcium carbonate and the like are applied to the water body polluted by the heavy metals, and the harm degree of the heavy metals to the water body can be reduced.
The electric remediation method is a water body heavy metal pollution remediation technology developed in the later 90 s of the 20 th century. The basic principle is that a direct current electric field is applied to two ends of a water body polluted by heavy metals, and the heavy metals are moved out of the water body by using the electric field migration force.
In recent years, sodium alginate is often used as an embedding agent for immobilized cells in the aspect of heavy metal treatment, but the gel beads of sodium alginate still have the problems of long adsorption time and insufficient adsorption capacity, and the requirement for emergency and rapid disposal of sudden p-aminophenol pollution accidents is difficult to meet. And the research on the aspect of using the graphene oxide-sodium alginate as the heavy metal adsorbent is rare.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems of long adsorption time, insufficient adsorption capacity and difficulty in meeting the requirement of emergency rapid disposal of sudden pollution accidents of the existing gel balls, the preparation method of the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel balls is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
(1) taking and washing the coal slime with deionized water, drying and grinding the coal slime, and sieving the coal slime with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime;
(2) putting the dried coal slime into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing with deionized water at 60 ℃ for 5-8 times, and then putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime;
(3) uniformly mixing the alkalized coal slime, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(4) carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues with 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃ for 5-8 times, then grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime;
(5) taking butyl titanate, absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonium chloride and deionized water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solution A;
(6) mixing graphene oxide and deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding glucose and 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10min to obtain a solution B;
(7) mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide;
(8) mixing modified coal slime, sodium dodecyl sulfate, modified graphene oxide, sodium alginate and deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension;
(9) and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
And (2) the mass ratio of the coal slime to the deionized water in the step (1) is 1: 10.
And (3) the mass ratio of the dried coal slime obtained in the step (2), the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water is 1:5: 10.
And (3) the mass ratio of the alkalized coal slime to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to the deionized water is 4:1: 20.
And (5) the mass ratio of the butyl titanate, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the ammonium chloride and the deionized water is 1:20:20: 25.
And (4) the mass ratio of the graphene oxide, the deionized water, the glucose and the ammonia water in the step (6) is 1:50:1: 5.
And (4) the mass ratio of the modified coal slime, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the modified graphene oxide, the sodium alginate and the deionized water in the step (8) is 3:1:1: 50.
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the coal slime is waste material generated in a coal yard, has rich sources and low price, and can roughen the particle surface after being modified, increase the specific surface area and enhance the adsorption capacity;
(2) the graphene oxide has many excellent properties, and after titanium dioxide is loaded on the surface of the graphene oxide, the gel balls can decompose pollutants into water and carbon dioxide under sunlight or ultraviolet irradiation, and degrade the pollutants while adsorbing the pollutants, so that the treatment efficiency of the pollutants is greatly improved;
(3) the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres prepared by the invention take gel spheres formed by sodium alginate as a matrix, the surface of the gel spheres is mixed with modified coal slime particles, and finally the gel spheres are coated with the graphene oxide loaded with nano titanium dioxide, so that the gel spheres can quickly adsorb pollution and carry out photocatalytic degradation, and the defects of long adsorption time and poor adsorption capacity of common gel spheres are overcome.
Detailed Description
Taking 10-20 g of coal slime, washing the coal slime with 100-200 g of deionized water, drying, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime; putting 5-10 g of dried coal slime into 25-50 g of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing with 50-100 g of 60 ℃ deionized water for 5-8 times, and then putting into an oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime; uniformly mixing 4-8 g of alkalized coal slime, 1-2 g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 20-40 g of deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues with 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃ for 5-8 times, then grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime; uniformly mixing 2-4 g of butyl titanate, 40-80 g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 40-80 g of ammonium chloride and 50-100 g of deionized water to obtain a solution A; mixing 1-2 g of graphene oxide and 50-100 g of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 1-2 g of glucose and 5-10 g of 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10min to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide; mixing 3-5 g of modified coal slime, 1-2 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1-2 g of modified graphene oxide, 5-10 g of sodium alginate and 50-100 g of deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension; and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
Taking 10g of coal slime, washing the coal slime with 100g of deionized water, drying, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime; putting 5g of dried coal slime into 25g of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing for 5 times by 50g of deionized water at 60 ℃, and then placing in an oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime; uniformly mixing 4g of alkalized coal slime, 1g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 20g of deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues for 5 times by using 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃, and then grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime; uniformly mixing 2g of butyl titanate, 40g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 40g of ammonium chloride and 50g of deionized water to obtain a solution A; mixing 1g of graphene oxide and 50g of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 1g of glucose and 5g of 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide; mixing 3g of modified coal slime, 1g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1g of modified graphene oxide, 5g of sodium alginate and 50g of deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension; and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
Taking 15g of coal slime, washing the coal slime with 150g of deionized water, drying, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime; putting 7g of dried coal slime into 37g of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing for 7 times by using 75g of deionized water at 60 ℃, and then placing in an oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime; uniformly mixing 6g of alkalized coal slime, 1.5g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 30g of deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues for 7 times by using 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃, and then grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime; uniformly mixing 3g of butyl titanate, 60g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 60g of ammonium chloride and 75g of deionized water to obtain a solution A; mixing 1.5g of graphene oxide and 75g of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 1.5g of glucose and 7g of 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide; mixing 4g of modified coal slime, 1.5g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5g of modified graphene oxide, 7g of sodium alginate and 75g of deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension; and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
Taking 20g of coal slime, washing the coal slime with 200g of deionized water, drying, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime; putting 10g of dried coal slime into 50g of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing with 100g of deionized water at 60 ℃ for 8 times, and then placing in an oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime; uniformly mixing 8g of alkalized coal slime, 2g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 40g of deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution; carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues for 8 times by using 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃, and then grinding and sieving by using a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime; uniformly mixing 4g of butyl titanate, 80g of absolute ethyl alcohol, 80g of ammonium chloride and 100g of deionized water to obtain a solution A; mixing 2g of graphene oxide and 100g of deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 2g of glucose and 10g of 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10 minutes to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide; mixing 5g of modified coal slime, 2g of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2g of modified graphene oxide, 10g of sodium alginate and 100g of deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension; and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
The graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres prepared by the method and the gel spheres sold in the market are detected, and the specific detection results are shown in the following table 1:
the detection method comprises the following steps: adding 0.25g of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel balls into 50mL of water with lead ion and cadmium ion concentrations of 10mg/L, performing oscillation adsorption on an HY-4 speed-regulating multi-purpose oscillator for 1.5h, and detecting the content of heavy metals in the water body by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP).
TABLE 1 characterization of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads
As can be seen from Table 1, the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads prepared by the method disclosed by the invention have extremely high adsorption efficiency on metal ions in water in a short time, and have a wide application prospect.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel ball is characterized by comprising the specific preparation steps of
(1) Taking and washing the coal slime with deionized water, drying and grinding the coal slime, and sieving the coal slime with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain dried coal slime;
(2) putting the dried coal slime into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring at 50 ℃, uniformly mixing, filtering out the coal slime after 24 hours, washing with deionized water at 60 ℃ for 5-8 times, and then putting into a drying oven for drying to obtain alkalized coal slime;
(3) uniformly mixing the alkalized coal slime, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and deionized water, and stirring for 24 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(4) carrying out suction filtration on the mixed solution, washing filter residues with 100g of deionized water at 30 ℃ for 5-8 times, then grinding and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain modified coal slime;
(5) taking butyl titanate, absolute ethyl alcohol, ammonium chloride and deionized water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solution A;
(6) mixing graphene oxide and deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding glucose and 13mol/L ammonia water solution into the dispersion liquid, and stirring for 10min to obtain a solution B;
(7) mixing the solution A and the solution B, reacting for 4 hours at 160 ℃ in a glycerol bath to obtain a reaction solution, carrying out suction filtration on the reaction solution, and drying filter residues to obtain modified graphene oxide;
(8) mixing modified coal slime, sodium dodecyl sulfate, modified graphene oxide, sodium alginate and deionized water, and stirring for 10min to obtain a suspension;
(9) and dripping the suspension into 500g of saturated calcium chloride solution, and curing to obtain the graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres.
2. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel spheres as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the coal slurry and the deionized water in the step (1) is 1: 10.
3. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coal slurry, the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water in the step (2) is 1:5: 10.
4. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the alkalized coal slime, the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and the deionized water in the step (3) is 4:1: 20.
5. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the butyl titanate, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the ammonium chloride and the deionized water in the step (5) is 1:20:20: 25.
6. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the graphene oxide, the deionized water, the glucose and the ammonia water in the step (6) is 1:50:1: 5.
7. The preparation method of graphene oxide-sodium alginate gel beads as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the modified coal slime, sodium dodecyl sulfate, modified graphene oxide, sodium alginate and deionized water in the step (8) is 3:1:1: 50.
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| CN111001393B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-05-23 | 北方工业大学 | Sodium Alginate-Based Loaded Nano-Timanganite/Lignite-Based Activated Coke Hydrogel and Its Preparation Method |
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| CN106944013A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-07-14 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | The removal of heavy metal lead ion in sodium alginate hydrotalcite Graphene gel ball adsorbed water body |
| CN107098427A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-08-29 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method that utilization adsorption tank efficiently removes heavy metal pollution in farmland irrigating water |
| CN108393065A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏开放大学（江苏城市职业学院） | A kind of fly ash float Compound Heavy Metals sorbing material and its application |
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