CN108981385B - Biomass furnace for aluminum smelting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to an aluminum smelting biomass furnace. During the operation, biomass fuel adds the combustion chamber from the feeding hopper, produces the aluminium scrap melting that high temperature will melt the aluminium room through the burning, and the residue falls into the collection room after biomass fuel burning simultaneously, utilizes the residue residual temperature to carry out the carbomorphism to biomass material in the carbomorphism room, and the living beings after the carbomorphism become fuel can supply with the combustion chamber and use, and biomass material after the carbomorphism can be more abundant burning, reaches energy utilization's maximize. The vibration is utilized to ensure that the fuel is uniformly distributed and fully combusted when being combusted, the biomass fuel is utilized to maximize the energy utilization, and simultaneously, the residue temperature is utilized to carbonize the straw, the corn cob and other substances, so that the utilization rate of the biomass material is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; stirring has guaranteed that aluminium scrap is heated evenly when melting aluminium, has promoted and has melted aluminium efficiency.

Description

A kind of aluminum smelting biomass furnace

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to an aluminum smelting biomass furnace.

Background technique

In order to improve the recycling rate, generally the scrap aluminum remaining from the processing of aluminum profile manufacturers will be recycled and sent to the manufacturers of scrap aluminum processing aluminum bars for smelting and recasting. In the whole process of aluminum scrap recycling and processing aluminum rods, there are three major processes: first, recycling of scrap aluminum; second, smelting; third, recasting. The second process requires scrap aluminum to be fed into the smelting furnace for smelting, which is also divided into two steps: 1. feeding; 2. smelting. The traditional method is: feeding from the feeding port on the side of the smelting furnace, the hot gas in the smelting furnace will escape when feeding, and a lot of heat energy is wasted; there are many impurities in the hot gas generated during smelting, and the impurities are rich in combustibles. The hood is drawn out and discharged, which not only pollutes the environment but also wastes energy.

There are also some technical solutions about waste aluminum smelting in the prior art, such as a patent disclosed in the application number CN104165520A, a waste aluminum smelting furnace, including a furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a combustion chamber and a waste heat gas chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is It is arranged in the lower left part of the furnace body, the waste heat gasification chamber is arranged in the right part of the furnace body, a longitudinal partition wall is arranged between the combustion chamber and the waste heat gasification chamber, and a thermal pressure balance hole is arranged on the longitudinal partition wall. The bottom of the gasification chamber is connected, the left wall of the upper part of the waste heat gasification chamber is connected to the left with an exhaust pipe to a cyclone separator on the left side of the furnace body, and the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected to the top of the combustion chamber.

This solution cannot fully burn the fuel, and the fuel used is non-environmentally friendly fuel, and at the same time, it cannot ensure that the scrap aluminum is fully heated in the smelting furnace.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, solve the problems that the fuel cannot be fully burned, the fuel used is non-environmentally friendly fuel, and the waste aluminum cannot be fully heated in the smelting furnace, the present invention provides a technical solution to solve the problem.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: an aluminum smelting biomass furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a feeding hopper, a smoke collecting chamber, an aluminum melting chamber, a collecting chamber and a carbonization chamber; two said feeding hoppers It is installed on the outer walls on both sides of the combustion chamber for adding biomass fuel; the combustion chamber is installed on the outside of the aluminum melting chamber for burning biomass fuel, and a smoke collecting chamber is installed above the combustion chamber; the aluminum melting chamber is installed in the combustion chamber It is used for smelting waste aluminum; the top of the smoke collecting chamber has an opening, which is convenient for flue gas discharge; the collecting chamber is installed under the combustion chamber, communicated with the combustion chamber, and collects the waste residue after combustion, and the outside of the collecting chamber is a carbonization chamber; The carbonization chamber is located outside the collection chamber and below the fuel chamber, and is used to carbonize biomass such as straw and corn cobs. During operation, biomass fuel is added to the combustion chamber from the feed hopper, and the waste aluminum in the aluminum melting chamber is melted by burning to generate high temperature. At the same time, the residue after the biomass fuel is burned falls into the collection chamber, and the residual temperature of the residue is used for the biomass in the carbonization chamber. The material is carbonized, and the carbonized biomass can be turned into a fuel that can be supplied to the combustion chamber. The carbonized biomass material can be more fully burned to maximize energy utilization.

Preferably, the combustion chamber includes a casing, an igniter, a material conveying plate, a No. 1 spring, a discharge mechanism, a vibration mechanism, a support block and a connecting shaft; the material conveying plate is staggeredly installed on the inner wall of the casing and the melting point. On the aluminum outer wall, the connecting end of the material conveying plate is a movable connection, and the adjacent material conveying plates are connected by a No. 1 spring; the vibration mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the left side of the casing and the inner wall of the bottom of the casing; the discharger The mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the shell, and the unloading mechanism is located on the right side of the vibration mechanism; the middle of the connecting shaft is connected to the support block, the left side of the connecting shaft is connected to the vibration mechanism, and the right side is connected to the unloading mechanism to realize the linkage between the unloading mechanism and the vibration mechanism. . During operation, the fuel enters the fuel chamber and falls onto the transport plate, and the igniter ignites the fuel. Since the transport plate is flexibly connected and the two are connected by a No. 1 spring, the fuel falls on the transport plate and vibrates, which can ignite the fuel. Better spread evenly, more complete combustion, at the same time, the vibration drives the fuel to fall step by step, and the burned residue falls on the unloading mechanism and is unloaded to the collection chamber. The vibration of the mechanism is transmitted to the conveying plate to ensure that when no material is added, the conveying plate still keeps vibrating, and the remaining fuel and residue are discharged.

Preferably, the aluminum melting chamber includes a furnace body, a blanking plate, a No. 2 spring, a fixing plate, a cylinder, a compression shaft and a stirring rod; one side of the blanking plate is movably connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace, and the middle of the blanking plate is movably connected. The compression shaft is movably connected, and the right end of the blanking plate is connected to the No. 2 spring; one end of the No. 2 spring is connected to the blanking plate, and the other end is connected to the fixing plate; the compression shaft is connected to the cylinder through the fixing plate; the cylinder is fixed on the fixing plate Below; the stirring rod is installed on the cylinder, and is used to stir the molten aluminum in the furnace body to make it heated evenly. When scrap aluminum is added, it will hit the blanking plate, and the blanking plate vibrates, driving the compression shaft to compress the cylinder, so that the stirring rod vibrates up and down to stir the scrap aluminum and molten aluminum to heat them evenly. The compressed gas generated by the vibration of the mechanism will be introduced into the cylinder to keep it vibrating for a long time.

Preferably, the smoke collecting chamber includes an outer casing and an inner casing; the outer casing is in contact with the outside air; the inner casing is a heat collecting material, which can absorb the heat in the flue gas for preheating the waste aluminum. The flue gas is discharged along the smoke collecting chamber, and the heat it carries is absorbed by the inner shell. When the waste aluminum is added, it is preferentially preheated.

Preferably, the discharge mechanism includes a discharge plate, a long shaft, a No. 1 piston cavity, a No. 1 piston rod, a No. 4 spring and a No. 3 spring; the left side of the discharge plate is movably connected to the long shaft, and a No. 1 piston is fixed in the middle. The piston rod is connected to the spring on the right side, and the stripper plate is installed inclined to the right to facilitate unloading; one end of the long shaft is connected to the left side of the stripper plate, and the other end is connected to the right side of the connecting shaft, below the intersection of the long axis and the connecting shaft Install the No. 4 spring. When the residue falls on the unloading plate, a squeezing force is generated, and the No. 1 piston rod is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder of the molten aluminum chamber. At the same time, the unloading plate is pressed down to drive the long shaft to move up and down, thereby driving the connecting shaft to move up and down. The vibration energy supplied to the vibration mechanism.

Preferably, the vibration mechanism comprises a No. 2 piston cavity, a No. 2 piston rod, a No. 5 spring, a No. 6 spring and a movable piston rod; one end of the movable piston rod is connected to the long shaft; one end of the No. 6 spring is connected to the transport material The other end is connected to the No. 2 piston rod, which has the effect of compression and vibration. Driven by the unloading mechanism, the connecting shaft moves up and down, which drives the movable piston rod to compress, so that the No. 2 piston rod expands and contracts, and achieves the function of driving the conveying plate to vibrate.

Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The material transport plate of the present invention is movably connected and connected by a No. 1 spring, the fuel falls on the material transport plate to generate vibration, the fuel can be spread evenly better, and the combustion is more sufficient, and the vibration drives the fuel to gradually move. The burning residue falls on the unloading mechanism and is unloaded to the collection chamber. At the same time, the unloading mechanism vibrates due to the falling of the residue. The vibration drives the vibration mechanism to vibrate and is transmitted to the conveying plate to ensure that when no material is added, the The conveying plate still keeps vibrating to discharge the remaining fuel and residue, which improves the combustion efficiency of biomass fuel;

2. After the biomass fuel of the present invention is burned, the residue falls into the collection chamber, and the residual temperature of the residue is used to carbonize the biomass material in the carbonization chamber. The carbonized biomass becomes fuel and can be supplied to the combustion chamber for use, and the carbonized biomass material can be used. More complete combustion to maximize energy utilization;

3. When scrap aluminum is added, it will hit the blanking plate, and the blanking plate will vibrate, driving the compression shaft to compress the cylinder, so that the stirring rod will vibrate up and down to stir the scrap aluminum and molten aluminum to heat them evenly. The compressed gas generated by the vibration of the unloading mechanism will be introduced into the cylinder to maintain long-term vibration, ensuring that the scrap aluminum is heated evenly during the heating and melting process, and improving the melting efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of I in FIG. 1 .

In the figure: combustion chamber 1, feeding hopper 2, smoke collection chamber 3, molten aluminum chamber 4, collection chamber 5, carbonization chamber 6, shell 11, igniter 12, material transport plate 13, No. 1 spring 14, discharge Mechanism 15, vibration mechanism 16, support block 17, connecting shaft 18, furnace body 41, blanking plate 42, No. 2 spring 43, fixing plate 44, cylinder 45, compression shaft 46, stirring rod 47, outer shell 31, inner shell 32 , Stripper plate 151, long shaft 152, No. 1 piston cavity 153, No. 1 piston rod 154, No. 4 spring 155, No. 3 spring 156, No. 2 piston cavity 161, No. 2 piston rod 162, No. 5 spring 163, No. 6 Number spring 164 and movable piston rod 165.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 2, the present invention is an aluminum smelting biomass furnace, including a combustion chamber 1, a feeding hopper 2, a smoke collecting chamber 3, a melting aluminum chamber 4, a collecting chamber 5 and a carbonization chamber 6 Two described feed hoppers 2 are installed on the outer walls on both sides of the combustion chamber 1 for adding biomass fuel; the combustion chamber 1 is installed on the outside of the aluminum melting chamber 4 for burning biomass fuel, and is installed above the combustion chamber 1 The smoke collecting chamber 3; the aluminum melting chamber 4 is installed inside the combustion chamber 1 for smelting waste aluminum; the smoke collecting chamber 3 has an opening at the top, which is convenient for flue gas discharge; the collecting chamber 5 is installed under the combustion chamber 1 The carbonization chamber 6 is located outside the collection chamber 5, below the fuel chamber, and is used to carbonize biomass such as straw and corn cobs. During operation, biomass fuel is added from the feed hopper 2 to the combustion chamber 1, and the waste aluminum in the aluminum melting chamber 4 is melted by burning to generate a high temperature. At the same time, after the biomass fuel is burned, the residue falls into the collection chamber 5, and the residual temperature of the residue is used for carbonization. The biomass material in the chamber 6 is carbonized, and the carbonized biomass becomes fuel and can be supplied to the combustion chamber 1 for use, and the carbonized biomass material can be more fully burned to maximize energy utilization.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber 1 includes a casing 11, an igniter 12, a material transport plate 13, a No. 1 spring 14, a discharge mechanism 15, a vibration mechanism 16, a support block 17 and a connecting shaft 18; One side of the material conveying plate 13 is staggeredly installed on the inner wall of the housing 11 and the outer wall of the molten aluminum chamber 4, the connecting end of the material conveying plate 13 is movably connected, and the adjacent material conveying plates 13 are connected by a No. 1 spring 14; The vibration mechanism 16 is installed on the inner wall of the left side of the casing 11 and the inner wall of the bottom of the casing 11; the unloading mechanism 15 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the casing 11, and the unloading mechanism 15 is located on the right side of the vibration mechanism 16; the middle of the connecting shaft 18 The support block 17 is connected, the left side of the connecting shaft 18 is connected with the vibration mechanism 16 , and the right side is connected with the unloading mechanism 15 , so as to realize the linkage between the unloading mechanism 15 and the vibration mechanism 16 . During operation, the fuel enters the fuel chamber and falls on the conveying plate 13, and the igniter 12 ignites the fuel. Since the conveying plate 13 is flexibly connected and the two are connected by a No. 1 spring 14, the fuel falls on the conveying plate 13. Vibration can spread the fuel evenly and burn more fully. At the same time, the vibration drives the fuel to fall step by step, and the burned residue falls on the unloading mechanism 15 and is unloaded to the collection chamber 5. At the same time, the unloading mechanism 15 has residue falling on The input generates vibration, and the vibration drives the vibration mechanism 16 to vibrate and transmit it to the conveying plate 13 to ensure that when no material is added, the conveying plate 13 still keeps vibrating, and the remaining fuel and residue are discharged.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum melting chamber 4 includes a furnace body 41, a blanking plate 42, a No. 2 spring 43, a fixing plate 44, a cylinder 45, a compression shaft 46 and a stirring rod 47; the blanking plate 42 One side is movably connected to the top of the inner wall of the furnace body 41, the middle of the blanking plate 42 is movably connected to the compression shaft 46, and the right end of the blanking plate 42 is connected to the No. 2 spring 43; one end of the No. 2 spring 43 is connected to the blanking plate 42, and the other end is connected and fixed plate 44; the compression shaft 46 is connected to the cylinder 45 through the fixed plate 44; the cylinder 45 is fixed under the fixed plate 44; the stirring rod 47 is installed on the cylinder 45 for stirring the molten aluminum in the furnace body 41 , so that it is evenly heated. When the scrap aluminum is added, it will hit the blanking plate 42, and the blanking plate 42 will vibrate and drive the compression shaft 46 to compress the cylinder 45, so that the stirring rod 47 will vibrate up and down to stir the scrap aluminum and molten aluminum to heat them evenly. The compressed gas generated by the vibration of the unloading mechanism 15 of the combustion chamber 1 will be introduced into the cylinder 45 to keep it vibrating for a long time.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the smoke collecting chamber 3 includes an outer casing 31 and an inner casing 32; the outer casing 31 is in contact with the outside air; the inner casing 32 is a heat collecting material, which can absorb the heat in the flue gas, and use for preheating scrap aluminum. The flue gas is discharged along the smoke collecting chamber 3, and the heat it carries is absorbed by the inner shell 32. When the waste aluminum is added, it is preferentially preheated.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the discharge mechanism 15 includes a discharge plate 151, a long shaft 152, a No. 1 piston cavity 153, a No. 1 piston rod 154, a No. 4 spring 155 and a No. 3 spring 156; the discharge The left side of the plate 151 is movably connected to the long shaft 152, a No. 1 piston rod 154 is fixed in the middle, and the right side is connected to a spring. The other end is connected to the right side of the connecting shaft 18, and a No. 4 spring 155 is installed below the intersection of the long shaft 152 and the connecting shaft 18. When the residue falls on the unloading plate 151, a squeezing force is generated, and the No. 1 piston rod 154 is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder 45 of the molten aluminum chamber 4. At the same time, the unloading plate 151 is pressed down to drive the long shaft 152 to move up and down, thereby The connecting shaft 18 is driven to move up and down, and the vibration energy of the vibration mechanism 16 is supplied.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration mechanism 16 includes a No. 2 piston cavity 161, a No. 2 piston rod 162, a No. 5 spring 163, a No. 6 spring 164 and a movable piston rod 165; The shaft 152 is connected; one end of the No. 6 spring 164 is connected to the material conveying plate 13, and the other end is connected to the No. 2 piston rod 162, which has the effect of compression and vibration. The connecting shaft 18 moves up and down driven by the unloading mechanism 15, and drives the movable piston rod 165 to compress, so that the No. 2 piston rod 162 expands and contracts to achieve the function of driving the material conveying plate 13 to vibrate.

During operation, biomass fuel is added from the feed hopper 2 to the combustion chamber 1, the fuel enters the fuel chamber and falls on the transport plate 13, and the igniter 12 ignites the fuel. The number spring 14 is connected, and the fuel falls on the conveying plate 13 to generate vibration, which can spread the fuel better and evenly, and the combustion is more sufficient. At the same time, the vibration drives the fuel to fall step by step, and the burned residue falls on the unloading mechanism 15. To the collection chamber 5, when the residue falls on the unloading plate 151, a squeezing force is generated, and the No. 1 piston rod 154 is compressed to generate compressed gas for the cylinder 45 of the molten aluminum chamber 4. At the same time, the unloading plate 151 is pressed down to drive the long shaft. 152 moves up and down, thereby driving the connecting shaft 18 to move up and down, and the connecting shaft 18 moves up and down under the drive of the unloading mechanism 15, which drives the movable piston rod 165 to compress, so that the No. , to ensure that when no material is added, the conveying plate 13 still keeps vibrating, and the remaining fuel and residue are discharged. When the scrap aluminum is added to the molten aluminum chamber 4, it will hit the blanking plate 42, and the blanking plate 42 will vibrate, which will drive the compression shaft 46 to compress the cylinder 45, so that the stirring rod 47 will vibrate up and down to stir the scrap aluminum and molten aluminum to heat them evenly. After feeding, the compressed gas generated by the vibration of the unloading mechanism 15 of the combustion chamber 1 will be introduced into the cylinder 45 to keep it vibrating for a long time. Fall into the collection chamber 5, and use the residual temperature of the residue to carbonize the biomass material in the carbonization chamber 6. The carbonized biomass becomes fuel and can be supplied to the combustion chamber 1 for use, and the carbonized biomass material can be more fully burned to achieve energy. maximization of utilization.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. An aluminium smelting biomass furnace is characterized in that: comprises a combustion chamber (1), a feeding hopper (2), a smoke collecting chamber (3), an aluminum melting chamber (4), a collecting chamber (5) and a carbonization chamber (6); the two feeding hoppers (2) are arranged on the outer walls of the two sides of the combustion chamber (1) and are used for adding biomass fuel; the combustion chamber (1) is arranged at the outer side of the aluminum melting chamber (4) and used for combusting biomass fuel, and the smoke collection chamber (3) is arranged above the combustion chamber (1); the aluminum melting chamber (4) is arranged on the inner side of the combustion chamber (1) and is used for melting aluminum scrap; the top of the smoke collection chamber (3) is provided with an opening, so that smoke can be discharged conveniently; the collecting chamber (5) is arranged below the combustion chamber (1), is communicated with the combustion chamber (1) and is used for collecting waste residues after combustion, and the outer side of the collecting chamber (5) is provided with a carbonization chamber (6); the carbonization chamber (6) is positioned outside the collection chamber (5) and below the fuel chamber and is used for carbonizing the straws and the corn cobs;

the combustion chamber (1) comprises a shell (11), an igniter (12), a material conveying plate (13), a first spring (14), a discharging mechanism (15), a vibrating mechanism (16), a supporting block (17) and a connecting shaft (18); one side of each material conveying plate (13) is installed on the inner wall of the shell (11) and the outer wall of the aluminum melting chamber (4) in a staggered mode, the connecting ends of the material conveying plates (13) are movably connected, and adjacent material conveying plates (13) are connected through a first spring (14); the vibration mechanism (16) is arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the shell (11) and the inner wall of the bottom of the shell (11); the discharging mechanism (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the shell (11), and the discharging mechanism (15) is positioned on the right side of the vibrating mechanism (16); the middle of the connecting shaft (18) is connected with a supporting block (17), the left side of the connecting shaft (18) is connected with a vibrating mechanism (16), and the right side of the connecting shaft is connected with a discharging mechanism (15), so that the linkage of the discharging mechanism (15) and the vibrating mechanism (16) is realized.

2. The aluminum smelting biomass furnace of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum melting chamber (4) comprises a furnace body (41), a blanking plate (42), a second spring (43), a fixing plate (44), a cylinder (45), a compression shaft (46) and a stirring rod (47); one side of the blanking plate (42) is movably connected with the upper part of the inner wall of the furnace body (41), the middle of the blanking plate (42) is movably connected with a compression shaft (46), and the right end of the blanking plate (42) is connected with a second spring (43); one end of the second spring (43) is connected with the blanking plate (42), and the other end of the second spring is connected with the fixing plate (44); the compression shaft (46) penetrates through the fixing plate (44) and is connected with the air cylinder (45); the air cylinder (45) is fixed below the fixing plate (44); the stirring rod (47) is arranged on the cylinder (45) and is used for stirring the molten aluminum in the furnace body (41) to ensure that the molten aluminum is heated uniformly.

3. The aluminum smelting biomass furnace of claim 1, wherein: the smoke collection chamber (3) comprises an outer shell (31) and an inner shell (32); the housing (31) is in contact with the outside air; the inner shell (32) is made of heat collecting materials, can absorb heat in smoke and is used for preheating waste aluminum.

4. The aluminum smelting biomass furnace of claim 1, wherein: the discharging mechanism (15) comprises a discharging plate (151), a long shaft (152), a first piston cavity (153), a first piston rod (154), a fourth spring (155) and a third spring (156); the left side of the discharging plate (151) is movably connected with a long shaft (152), a first piston rod (154) is fixed in the middle of the discharging plate, a spring is connected to the right side of the discharging plate, and the discharging plate (151) is installed in a rightward inclined mode and used for facilitating discharging; one end of the long shaft (152) is connected with the left side of the discharging plate (151), the other end of the long shaft is connected with the right side of the connecting shaft (18), and a fourth spring (155) is arranged below the intersection point of the long shaft (152) and the connecting shaft (18).

5. The aluminum smelting biomass furnace of claim 1, wherein: the vibration mechanism (16) comprises a second piston cavity (161), a second piston rod (162), a fifth spring (163), a sixth spring (164) and a movable piston rod (165); one end of the movable piston rod (165) is connected with the long shaft (152); and one end of the six-spring (164) is connected with the material conveying plate (13), and the other end of the six-spring is connected with the second piston rod (162), so that the effect of compression vibration is achieved.

Images