CN108836553A - A kind of gasserian ganglion injection guide plate, preparation method and applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, comprising: a fitting part, which fits with the maxillofacial tissue; a hollow part, which exposes the soft tissues and nasal cavities within the range of bilateral nasal alae; a supporting part, which is located at the upper end of the hollow part, and support the hard tissue on the forehead; the fixed part is located at the lower end of the hollow part and has grooves fixed on the upper front teeth; and two injection channels are respectively located on the left and right sides of the fixed part, and the injection channels have The direction of approach to the foramen ovale of the skull base is used to allow the guided puncture of the injection needle through the injection channel to the trigeminal ganglion. Using the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate of the present invention can realize the approach of the trigeminal ganglion simply, quickly, accurately and with little damage, and the preparation process of the injection guide plate is simple, and the repeatability is good. Body research is of great significance.

Description

A kind of trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, preparation method and application thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a medical model, in particular to a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, a preparation method and an application thereof.

Background technique

The trigeminal ganglion is composed of pseudounilevel neuron cell bodies, and its central process is concentrated into a thick sensory root of the trigeminal nerve. An important structure with important research significance. In various animal experiments, it is necessary to obtain the closest access to the trigeminal ganglion in a way that minimizes damage while ensuring the survival of the animals, so as to facilitate reagent injection and electrophysiological studies.

In vivo studies, there are two ways to obtain access to the trigeminal ganglion. One is through craniotomy with the aid of a stereotaxic instrument, through puncture of the brain tissue to reach the base of the skull and approach the trigeminal ganglion. However, this method is complicated to operate, and the animal needs deep anesthesia and suffers a lot of damage. The other is to refer to the extraoral approach of the human trigeminal ganglion, from the face approach to the foramen ovale at the skull base to approach the trigeminal ganglion. This method is relatively simple, but relying entirely on manual injection requires high operator experience, improper operation can easily damage important tissues, and it is not operable and practical in actual application scenarios.

Therefore, it is an urgent problem to be solved in this field to provide a simple, fast, accurate and less invasive approach to the trigeminal ganglion.

It should be noted that the information disclosed in the foregoing Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a guide plate for trigeminal ganglion injection, its preparation method and its application. The guide plate can obtain the injection site closest to the trigeminal ganglion in a way that minimizes damage under the condition that the animal’s survival is close to a good physiological state. The puncture of the foramen ovale at the base of the skull has a high success rate and accuracy, and unnecessary damage caused by repeated punctures can be avoided. The preparation process of the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate is simple and repeatable, and is of great significance to the in vivo study of maxillofacial sensation and pain.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides a trigeminal ganglion injection guide, comprising:

Fitting part, fits with maxillofacial tissue;

The hollow part exposes the soft tissue and nasal cavity within the range of bilateral nasal alae;

a supporting part, located at the upper end of the hollow part, and supporting the hard tissue on the forehead;

a fixing part, located at the lower end of the hollow part, has a groove fixed to the upper front teeth; and

Two injection channels, respectively located on the left and right sides of the fixing part, the injection channels have an approach direction reaching the foramen ovale at the base of the skull, and are used to make the injection needle puncture through the guidance of the injection channels to reach the trigeminal nerve Festival.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a trocar is arranged inside the injection channel.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the trocar is a detachable trocar.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the depth of the injection channel is 8-10 mm.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, including:

Insert a puncture needle into the cranium where the trigeminal ganglion is exposed, enter the foramen ovale through the foramen ovale where the trigeminal ganglion exits the cranium, and pass through the facial surface of the cranium to determine the facial needle entry point and entry point. road direction;

Retaining the puncture needle to take an impression and casting a model, the model has a hollow injection channel along the approach direction;

The computer scans the model to obtain a three-dimensional model image, and performs digital processing on the three-dimensional model image to obtain digitized guide plate data;

Import the digitized guide plate data into a 3D printing device to prepare the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate.

The present invention also provides another method for preparing the above-mentioned trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, comprising:

Insert a puncture needle into the cranium where the trigeminal ganglion is exposed, enter the foramen ovale through the foramen ovale where the trigeminal ganglion exits the cranium, and pass through the facial surface of the cranium to determine the facial needle entry point and entry point. road direction;

Retaining the puncture needle to take an impression and casting a model, the model has a hollow injection channel along the approach direction;

A pre-cured template in the shape of the model is made by using a photo-cured prepolymer, and light treatment is performed on the pre-cured template to prepare the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate.

The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate in the puncture of the skull base foramen ovale.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate provided by the present invention has an injection channel reaching the approach direction of the foramen ovale at the base of the skull. Physiological research. Using the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate of the present invention can realize the approach of the trigeminal ganglion simply, quickly, accurately and with little damage, with high success rate and accuracy, can avoid unnecessary damage caused by repeated puncture, and the preparation process is simple, The repeatability is good, and it is of great significance to the in vivo study of maxillofacial sensation and pain.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate applied to the cranium of a rat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a rat cranial specimen in which the puncture needle is inserted into the exposed trigeminal ganglion in Example 1;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the model poured in embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are respectively the three-dimensional model image obtained after computer scanning model among the embodiment 1;

Fig. 8 is an image of the three-dimensional model of the guide plate obtained after digital processing in Example 1.

Wherein, the reference signs are explained as follows:

1: Fitting part

2: Hollow part

3: Support part

4: fixed part

51, 52: injection channel

Detailed ways

The following content provides many different embodiments or examples to realize different components of the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples of components and configurations are described below to simplify embodiments of the invention. Of course, these are just examples, not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in various examples. This repetition is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, and is not, in itself, intended to dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention in which a component is formed on, connected to, and/or coupled to another component may include forming embodiments in which the component directly contacts another component, and may also include Embodiments are formed in which additional components are interposed between such components so that the components are not in direct contact. Furthermore, in order to easily describe the relationship between one component and another component in the embodiment of the present invention, space-related terms may be used here, for example, "lower", "higher", "horizontal", "vertical ", "above", "above", "below", "under", "up", "down", "top", "bottom" and other spatially related terms (such as " horizontally", "vertically", "upwardly", "downwardly", etc.). These spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of a device containing these components.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a side schematic view of a trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; in combination with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate of the present invention Sectional injection guide plate, including: fitting part 1, which fits with the maxillofacial tissue; hollow part 2, which exposes the soft tissue and nasal cavity in the range of bilateral nose wings, so that the user can breathe normally during the use of the injection guide plate; support Part 3 is located at the upper end of the hollow part 2 and supports the hard tissue on the forehead; the fixing part 4 is located at the lower end of the hollow part 2 and has a groove fixed on the upper front teeth; and two injection channels 51 , 52, respectively located on the left and right sides of the fixing part, have an approach direction reaching the foramen ovale at the base of the skull, and are used to make the injection needle puncture through the injection channel to reach the trigeminal ganglion.

Specifically, taking a rat as an example, as shown in Figure 3, during use, the fixing part 4 of the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate is fixed on the upper anterior teeth of the rat, and the supporting part 3 is supported on the hard tissue of the frontal part of the rat. , so as to fix it on the face of the rat. When preparing to inject the trigeminal ganglion, it is only necessary to insert the injection needle into the two injection channels 51 and 52 respectively, and the directional puncture of the injection needle can be realized through the guidance of the two injection channels 51 and 52. When the injection needle reaches the base of the skull When the plate is the position of the trigeminal ganglion. Trigeminal ganglion injections through this injection guide have been validated to both localize and avoid trauma to vital structures.

In some embodiments, a trocar is disposed inside the injection channel. The trocar is beneficial to guide the position of the puncture needle. Preferably, the trocar is a detachable trocar, which can be taken out and replaced from the injection channel, so that it is convenient to use the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate in the experiment. Disinfection operations were performed on different rats.

In some embodiments, the injection channel has a depth of 8-10 mm. Accurate positioning can be achieved by controlling the depth of the injection channel. The diameter of the injection channel can be designed and matched according to the thickness of the injection needle, and it is advisable that the puncture needle or the injection needle should just pass through.

In some embodiments, the material of the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate is 3D printing material or photocurable resin, including but not limited to epoxy acrylate, polyurethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, acrylic resin, Unsaturated polyesters, polyene/thiol systems, water-based acrylates, epoxy resins, ethynyl ethers, etc.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, including:

Insert a puncture needle into the cranium where the trigeminal ganglion is exposed, enter the foramen ovale through the cranial foramen ovale where the trigeminal ganglion exits, and pass through the facial surface of the cranium in order to find a passage, thereby determining inversely Needle entry point and approach direction on the face;

Retaining the puncture needle to take an impression and casting a model, the model has a hollow injection channel along the approach direction;

The computer scans the model to obtain a three-dimensional model image, and performs digital processing on the three-dimensional model image to obtain digitized guide plate data;

Import the digitized guide plate data into a 3D printing device to prepare the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate.

The specific methods of "preparing the impression" and "casting the model" adopt methods well known in the art, wherein the materials for making the impression are conventional impression materials, such as silicone rubber, alginate and the like. Materials used for casting models include but are not limited to plaster.

The present invention also provides another method for preparing the above-mentioned trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, comprising:

Insert a puncture needle into the cranium where the trigeminal ganglion is exposed, enter the foramen ovale through the foramen ovale where the trigeminal ganglion exits the cranium, and pass through the facial surface of the cranium to determine the facial needle entry point and entry point. road direction;

Retaining the puncture needle to take an impression and casting a model, the model has a hollow injection channel along the approach direction;

A pre-cured template in the shape of the model is made by using a photo-cured prepolymer, and light treatment is performed on the pre-cured template to prepare the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate.

In some embodiments, the method of making the pre-cured template includes coating a release agent on the model in advance, and the release agent includes but is not limited to vaseline and the like. Spread the light-curing prepolymer (that is, the plastic light-curing material) on the surface of the model to make it close to the model, and keep the injection channel. The specific method of "photocuring" adopts methods well known in the art, so that the prepared trigeminal ganglion guide plate can be cured and shaped.

The trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate prepared by the above method has good repeatability. Taking rats as an example, different guide plates can be made according to rats of different weights. For example, 250g, 300g, 350g, and 400g rats can be made respectively. A series of trigeminal ganglion injection guides for better application in rats of different weights. It has been verified that rats with similar body weights can use the same guide plate, so the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate of the present invention has industrial applicability.

Further illustrate by specific embodiment below:

Example 1

Take the dead rat body, separate its head, remove the brain tissue, and expose the trigeminal ganglion at the base of the skull. As shown in Figure 4, take two long needles as puncture needles to enter from the foramen ovale where the trigeminal ganglion exits the skull and pass through the skin from the surface layer of the face of the cranial specimen, so that after the passage is found, reversely determine the needle entry point on the face and approach direction.

Place the trocar on the puncture needle and keep both, spread a layer of 2mm dental wax on the face of the rat, and make individual trays for the face of the rat with light-curing materials. Remove the dental wax, put the impression material into individual trays, place it in place on the face of the rat, and remove it after the impression material is hardened, and the impression is completed. Mix dental superhard gypsum material into the impression, and pour the plaster model. As shown in Figure 5, the prepared model has a puncture needle and a trocar reaching the direction of the foramen ovale at the base of the skull; the obtained model is scanned by computer to obtain a three-dimensional model image, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 . The obtained three-dimensional model image is digitally processed Geomagic Studio 2013 (3D Systems, Germany), and the guide plate three-dimensional model image (as shown in Figure 8) and digital guide plate data are obtained; the digital guide plate data is imported into the 3D printing equipment DLP (Digital light processing), acrylic resin e shell 600 (ENVISIONTEC, Germany) was used to prepare the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate.

Example 2

"Preparing the impression" and "casting the model" and the previous steps are the same as in Example 1. The plaster model is coated with a release agent, and the plasticable photocurable material (Shandong Huge Dental Co., Ltd., the main component is methacrylic acid) Salt) spread on the surface of the plaster model to make it close to the model, forming the fitting part, support part, hollow part, and fixed part in sequence, and pay attention to thicken the light-cured material around the puncture needle and catheter that penetrate the skin surface to form an injection channel . After molding, it is cured with a light curing lamp. The guide plate for trigeminal ganglion injection is obtained by taking it off after solidification.

It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the described embodiments of the present invention are only exemplary, and various other substitutions, changes and improvements can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, the above-mentioned embodiments all use "rat" as the animal model, but the trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate of the present invention includes but is not limited to the injection guide plate suitable for rats, and others need to be used for trigeminal ganglion reagent injection, electrophysiological research, etc. Animals, such as rabbits, mice, guinea pigs and other small experimental animals, can adopt the preparation method of the present invention to prepare a suitable trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate, and carry out corresponding applications. That is, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but only limited by the claims, because the trigeminal ganglion injection guide obtained by only changing the animal model should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of gasserian ganglion injects guide plate, which is characterized in that including：

Sticking part is bonded with Maxillary region tissue；

Hollow portion exposes soft tissue and nasal cavity within the scope of the bilateral wing of nose；

Support portion positioned at the upper end of the hollow portion, and is supported on the sclerous tissues of frons；

Fixed part has the groove for being fixed on Upper Anterior Teeth positioned at the lower end of the hollow portion；And

Two injection canals are located at the left and right sides of the fixed part, and the injection canal, which has, reaches foramen of cranial base Approach direction, for making injection needle reach the gasserian ganglion by the guiding puncture of the injection canal.

2. gasserian ganglion according to claim 1 injects guide plate, which is characterized in that the inside of the injection canal is equipped with Trochar.

3. gasserian ganglion according to claim 2 injects guide plate, which is characterized in that described sleeve pipe needle is dismountable set Pipe needle.

4. gasserian ganglion according to claim 1 injects guide plate, which is characterized in that the depth of the injection canal is 8 ~10mm.

5. a kind of preparation method of gasserian ganglion injection guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, including：

It is inserted into puncture needle to the cranium of exposure gasserian ganglion, the puncture needle is made to go out the oval foramen of cranium from the gasserian ganglion It is pierced by into and from the facial surface of the cranium, to determine facial entry point and approach direction；

Retain the puncture needle to produce stamp and record model, the model has the hollow injection along the approach direction logical Road；

Model described in computer scanning obtains threedimensional model image, carries out digitized processing to the threedimensional model image, obtains digital Change guide plate data；

The digitlization guide plate data are imported into 3D printing equipment, the gasserian ganglion injection guide plate is made.

6. a kind of preparation method of gasserian ganglion injection guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, including：

It is inserted into puncture needle to the cranium of exposure gasserian ganglion, the puncture needle is made to go out the oval foramen of cranium from the gasserian ganglion It is pierced by into and from the facial surface of the cranium, to determine facial entry point and approach direction；

Retain the puncture needle to produce stamp and record model, the model has the hollow injection along the approach direction logical Road；

The precuring template that the mould shapes are made of photocuring prepolymer carries out at illumination the precuring template The gasserian ganglion injection guide plate is made in reason.

7. gasserian ganglion injection guide plate answering in foramen of cranial base puncture according to any one of claims 1 to 4 With.