CN108818163A - Multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) - Google Patents

Abstract

Multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant).Mainly solve the problems, such as that traditional machine add mode can not good machining of non-metallic crisp and hard material.The present invention provides multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant), assistance processing method on the basis of ordinary ultrasonic processing, three kinds of methods of the secondary process being added：Compressed air is added in the tool, acceleration drainage is carried out to abrasive material abrasive material（It drives abrasive grain abrasive material to rush at the finished surface of workpiece by hose, reduces grinding temperature, be conducive to chip removal）；Rotary motion is aided with to the mounting plate equipped with workpiece（It converge abrasive grain abrasive material can preferably during processing, improve the cutting service efficiency of abrasive grain abrasive material）；Low-frequency vibration is added to the mounting plate equipped with workpiece, low-frequency vibration keeps the collision of abrasive grain abrasive material more abundant with ultrasonic vibration, and processing effect is good.

Description

Multiple frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ultrasonic vibration processing, in particular to a multi-frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device.

Background technique

With the rapid development of science and technology and industrial production, the application fields of complex micro/nano structured surfaces are more and more extensive, such as optics, solar technology, bioengineering, automatic cleaning, advanced manufacturing, etc. Compared with simple smooth surfaces, these micro/nanostructured surfaces can exhibit many novel functions and excellent characteristics.

In order to obtain the maximum utilization from structured surfaces, the application technology of complex micro/nanostructured surfaces has been a hot research topic in the past decades. Using complex micro/nano structured surfaces to make thin and light solar panels, adjusting the appropriate solar cell emission angle can make the efficiency reach 38%. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the manufacturing technology of micro/nano structures of various materials.

With the development of the machinery industry, the demand for high-hardness components is also increasing day by day, which also promotes the application of materials such as ceramics, composite materials, silicon, quartz, and ferrite. It is precisely because these materials have high requirements for high hardness and brittleness, and the shape of parts is complex, it is generally difficult to process them by traditional machining methods.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention provides a multi-frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device, which mainly solves the problem that the traditional machining method cannot process non-metallic brittle and hard materials well.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

The multi-frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device includes a correspondingly arranged base and a support, and the support is provided with a liftable beam, and the beam is provided with a transducer connected to an ultrasonic generator, and the transducer The bottom is connected with a horn, and the bottom of the horn is provided with a grinding head, and an air flow channel is arranged in the grinding head;

The base is provided with a platform driven by the first power source to rotate, the platform is provided with a mounting plate driven by the second power source to vibrate, and the mounting plate is provided with a fixture for fixing the workpiece;

An air compressor is also included, and the air compressor communicates with the air flow channel through a conduit.

The air flow channel includes an inlet arranged on the side wall of the grinding head and an outlet arranged at the bottom of the grinding head, and the inlet communicates with the outlet.

The support is provided with a screw driven by the third power source, the screw is provided with a matching sliding seat, and the cross beam is connected with the sliding seat.

The first power source is a motor, the base is provided with a fixed seat, the fixed seat is provided with a main shaft driven by the motor, and a rotating cylinder, the top of the main shaft extends into the rotating cylinder and drives the rotating cylinder to rotate, and the mounting plate is arranged on the top of the rotating cylinder.

The second power source is provided inside the rotating cylinder, and the second power source is a polarization motor.

The bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a connecting plate, the polarizing motor is mounted on the connecting plate through screws, the edge of the rotating cylinder is provided with a flange, and the upper end of the flange is provided with an elastic member. The upper end surface is press-fitted with the lower end surface of the connecting plate.

The elastic member is a spring.

It also includes a grinding liquid storage tank, the grinding liquid storage tank communicates with the conduit, and the conduit is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve communicates with the grinding liquid storage tank and the tool in turn.

The ultrasonic generator emits a frequency of 15000-30000 Hz and an amplitude of 15-50 μm, and the output vibration frequency of the polarization motor is 20-200 Hz and an amplitude of 100-200 μm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a multi-frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device, on the basis of ordinary ultrasonic processing, auxiliary processing methods, three methods of auxiliary processing added by it: adding compressed air to the tool to perform abrasive grinding Accelerated drainage (through the hose to drive the abrasive grains and abrasives to the processing surface of the workpiece, reducing the grinding temperature, which is conducive to chip removal); the mounting plate with the workpiece is supplemented by rotating motion (to make the abrasive grains and abrasives in the process of processing more. Good convergence, improve the cutting efficiency of abrasive grains and abrasives); add low-frequency vibration to the mounting plate with workpieces, low-frequency vibration and ultrasonic vibration make the collision of abrasive grains and abrasives more sufficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of point A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of point B in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of point C in FIG. 2 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: the multi-frequency vibration microstructure surface processing device includes a correspondingly arranged base 1 and a support 2, the support is provided with a liftable beam 21, and the beam is provided with an ultrasonic The transducer 22 connected to the generator 6, the bottom of the transducer is connected with a horn 23, the bottom of the horn is provided with a grinding head 24, and an air flow channel 241 is provided in the grinding head; the base A platform 11 driven by the first power source 91 to rotate is provided on the platform, and a mounting plate 12 driven by the second power source 92 to vibrate is provided on the platform, and a clamp 121 for fixing the workpiece 7 is provided on the mounting plate; An air compressor 3 , the air compressor communicates with the airflow channel through a conduit 31 . Preferably, the fixture is a three-jaw chuck, and the outer wall of the workpiece is cylindrical and positioned by the chuck.

Referring to accompanying drawing 6 of the specification, the grinding head is provided with a tiny cutter 249, the tiny cutter only vibrates up and down ultrasonically, and does not rotate. The surface microstructure is processed, and at the same time, ultrasonic cavitation polishes the edge and interior of the surface microstructure, which makes the complex microstructure have better performance.

Through experiments, we found that brittle and hard metal materials can be processed by ultrasonic vibration processing. This processing method is generally more suitable for processing non-conductive non-metallic brittle and hard materials such as glass and ceramics. Ultrasonic vibration microstructure functional surface processing technology is a new technology that applies ultrasonic vibration system to precision machining and ultra-precision machining, and the function reflected by the microstructure functional surface has very superior performance, and the processed parts have the ability to transfer materials Physical, chemical and other special properties. The specific processing principle is as follows:

The multi-frequency vibration microstructure processing device driven by airflow (the principle is shown in Figure 6), includes an ultrasonic vibration mechanism, a low-frequency vibration mechanism, an airflow input mechanism, a chemical polishing liquid delivery mechanism and a tool. The ultrasonic vibration system includes an ultrasonic generator, a transducer and a horn for generating ultrasonic frequency vibration; the air compressor communicates with the grinding head through a conduit, and several through holes are arranged on the peripheral outer wall of the grinding head. The grinding tool head has ultrasonic frequency vibration; the workpiece has low frequency vibration and rotational movement with the worktable; micro/nano texture can be generated according to the principle of trajectory method.

At the same time, ultrasonic grinding can grind the surface of the micro/nano texture structure and the boundary, so that the micro/nano texture structure with good surface quality can be obtained. The working principle of the ultrasonic micro-grinding device is: the ultrasonic generator converts the 220V, 50Hz alternating current into an ultrasonic frequency electrical oscillation signal, the transducer converts the electrical oscillation signal generated by the ultrasonic generator into an ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration, and the horn will change The vibration of the transducer is amplified and transmitted to the grinding tool.

The grinding tool transmits ultrasonic vibration to the grinding fluid 71, and the grinding fluid produces cavitation effect under the action of the ultrasonic vibration. Cavitation effect is the dynamic process of vibration, growth, collapse and closure of bubble nuclei in liquid under the action of sound intensity. Under the action of the pressure wave, the average distance of the molecules in the liquid changes with the vibration of the molecules. When a sufficient negative pressure is applied to the liquid, the distance between the molecules exceeds the critical distance between the molecules that maintain the action of the liquid, and a cavity will be formed. Once the cavitation is formed, it will grow until the negative acoustic pressure reaches a maximum value, but these cavities will be compressed again in the subsequent positive pressure phase of the acoustic wave. As a result, some cavitation bubbles will enter into continuous oscillation, while Others will collapse completely. It is accompanied by a strong shock wave and a jet with a speed of 400km per hour, and the jet shock wave pushes the abrasive grains to grind the workpiece. Under the action of air pressure, it will increase its cavitation efficiency, and then increase the efficiency of ultrasonic grinding. The ultrasonic vibration mechanism generates an ultrasonic mechanical vibration, which is transmitted to the grinding head, and the grinding head grinds the workpiece; and through the air compressor. The air flow enters the grinding head and rushes out from the through hole on the grinding head to wash the workpiece and the grinding liquid, which increases the cavitation efficiency of the grinding liquid and facilitates the removal of grinding debris. At the same time, the chemical action of the chemical polishing liquid and the physical action of the ultrasonic cavitation simultaneously polish the surface of the workpiece, which improves the processing efficiency.

To sum up, the present invention assists the processing method on the basis of ordinary ultrasonic processing, and adds three methods of auxiliary processing: adding compressed air to the tool to accelerate the drainage of the abrasive (abrasives are driven to the workpiece through the hose) machining surface, reducing the grinding temperature, which is conducive to chip removal); the mounting plate with the workpiece is supplemented by rotating motion (so that the abrasive grains can be better gathered during the processing process, and the cutting efficiency of the abrasive grains and abrasives can be improved); Low-frequency vibration is added to the mounting plate with the workpiece, and the low-frequency vibration and ultrasonic vibration make the collision of abrasive grains and abrasives more sufficient.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the airflow channel includes an inlet 2411 provided on the side wall of the grinding head and an outlet 2412 provided at the bottom of the grinding head, and the inlet communicates with the outlet.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, a screw rod 201 driven and rotated by a third power source is provided on the support, and a sliding seat 202 is provided on the screw rod, and the beam and the sliding seat 202 are arranged on the screw rod. seat connection. The third power source can be a motor, etc., and the motor drives the screw to rotate, and then drives the sliding seat to move up and down.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the first power source is a motor, the base is provided with a fixed seat 10, and the fixed seat is provided with a main shaft 101 driven by the motor to rotate, and includes The rotating cylinder 102, the top end of the main shaft extends into the rotating cylinder and drives the rotating cylinder to rotate, and the mounting plate is arranged on the top of the rotating cylinder. Preferably, the motor can drive the main shaft to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the rotating cylinder is provided with the second power source, and the second power source is a polarization motor.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the bottom of the mounting plate is provided with a connecting plate 26, the polarization motor is mounted on the connecting plate through screws, and a flange 103 is provided on the edge of the rotating cylinder. An elastic piece 104 is provided on the upper end surface of the edge, and the upper end surface of the elastic piece is press-fitted with the lower end surface of the connecting plate. Since the vibration of a device tends to have a greater impact on the vibration of the entire system, the vibration connection between the rotating part and the vibrating part is used to weaken the vibration of the base using springs and bolts, and the spring with appropriate rigidity is used to eliminate polarization. Effect of motor on system vibration.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the elastic member is a spring.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, it also includes a grinding liquid storage tank 8, the grinding liquid storage tank is communicated with the conduit, and the conduit is provided with a one-way valve 311, and the one-way valve is sequentially connected with the The above-mentioned grinding liquid placement tank is communicated with the cutting tool. Prevent diversion, safe to use.

In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the frequency emitted by the ultrasonic generator is 15000-30000 Hz and the amplitude is 15-50 μm, and the output vibration frequency of the polarization motor is 20-200 Hz and the amplitude is 100-200 μm. Within this range, a better grinding effect can be achieved.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than Nothing indicating or implying that a referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation should therefore not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

The embodiments described with reference to the figures are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, but any improvement based on the spirit of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant), including the pedestal being correspondingly arranged（1）And bracket（2）, it is characterised in that：Institute Bracket is stated equipped with liftable crossbeam（21）, the crossbeam is equipped with and ultrasonic generator（6）The energy converter of connection（22）, institute It states energy converter bottom and is connected with amplitude transformer（23）, the amplitude transformer bottom is equipped with grinding head（24）, the grinding head is interior to be equipped with gas Circulation road（241）；

The pedestal is equipped with by the first power source（91）Drive the platform of rotation（11）, the platform is equipped with the second power source （92）Drive the mounting plate of vibration（12）, the mounting plate is equipped with for fixing workpiece（7）Fixture（121）；

It further include air compressor（3）, the air compressor passes through conduit（31）It is connected to the airflow channel.

2. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The airflow channel Import including being set to the grinding head side wall（2411）With the outlet for being set to the grinding head bottom（2412）, the import with The outlet.

3. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is set on the bracket There is the screw rod rotated by third power source drive（201）, the screw rod is equipped with the slide matched（202）, the crossbeam with The slide connection.

4. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：First power Source is motor, and the pedestal is equipped with fixing seat（10）, the fixing seat, which is equipped with, drives the main shaft rotated by the motor （101）, further include rotary cylinder（102）, the rotary cylinder rotation is protruded into the rotary cylinder and is driven on the main shaft top, described Mounting plate is set at the top of the rotary cylinder.

5. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In the fixing seat Guide protrusions equipped with v-shaped（108）, the rotary cylinder bottom is equipped with the guide groove being slidably matched with the guide protrusions （1021）.

6. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In the rotary cylinder Equipped with second power source, second power source is polarization motor.

7. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The mounting plate bottom Portion is equipped with connecting plate（26）, the polarization motor is installed on the connecting plate by screw, and the rotary cylinder edge is equipped with convex Edge（103）, the flange upper surface is equipped with elastic component（104）, the lower end surface of the upper surface of the elastic component and the connecting plate Compress cooperation.

8. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The elastic component is Spring.

9. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：It further include lapping liquid Placing tank（8）, the lapping liquid placing tank is connected to the conduit, and the conduit is equipped with check valve（311）, the check valve Successively it is connected to the lapping liquid placing tank with cutter.

10. multifrequency vibration micro-structure surface processing unit (plant) according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The ultrasound hair The frequency that raw device issues is 15000 ~ 30000Hz, and amplitude is 15 ~ 50 μm and the frequency of the output vibration of the polarization motor is 20 ~ 200Hz, amplitude are 100 ~ 200 μm.