CN108561237B - Gasoline engine aluminum piston valve pit and flash processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Gasoline engine aluminum piston valve pit and flash processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108561237B CN108561237B CN201810507178.3A CN201810507178A CN108561237B CN 108561237 B CN108561237 B CN 108561237B CN 201810507178 A CN201810507178 A CN 201810507178A CN 108561237 B CN108561237 B CN 108561237B
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及活塞加工技术领域，具体地说是一种汽油机铝活塞气门坑及其飞边的加工工艺。The invention relates to the technical field of piston processing, in particular to a processing technology for a valve pit and a flash edge of an aluminum piston of a gasoline engine.
背景技术Background technique
由于汽油机活塞的高压缩比不断增多，从而需要在活塞顶面增加气门坑以避免活塞运动到上止点时与气门干涉。但是较深的气门坑与气门坑直径会导致机加工后的气门坑与活塞外圆之间的材料过少，形成尖边、毛刺，这样必然在加工完气门坑后增加一道工序：机加工气门坑飞边。As the high compression ratio of gasoline engine pistons continues to increase, it is necessary to add valve pits on the top surface of the piston to avoid interference with the valve when the piston moves to the top dead center. However, the deeper valve pits and valve pit diameters will result in too little material between the machined valve pits and the outer circle of the piston, forming sharp edges and burrs, which will inevitably add a process after machining the valve pits: machining the valve pit flash.
对于现有活塞加工方式，由于其机加工气门坑飞边的刀具与机加工气门坑的刀具不同，导致加工完气门坑需更换刀具。通常情况，主推力侧与副推力侧的气门坑直径ΦDts不同，整个加工过程需额外增加两次换刀与加工时间，从而延长了加工周期超过20秒、增加了额外费用。For the existing piston processing method, the tool for machining the valve pit flash is different from the tool for machining the valve pit, which results in the need to replace the tool after machining the valve pit. Usually, the valve pit diameter ΦDts on the main thrust side and the auxiliary thrust side is different, and the entire processing process requires two additional tool changes and processing time, thereby extending the processing cycle by more than 20 seconds and increasing additional costs.
对于现有活塞加工方式，由于机加工气门坑飞边剩余的材料过少，以及加工偏差而产生的飞边毛刺，在发动机运行过程中：一方面早燃导致飞边温度过高，铝材料氧化脱落，另一方面气流运动不畅，导致排放气体中颗粒物（PN）的增加。With the existing piston processing method, due to the small amount of remaining material on the machined valve pit flash and the flash burrs caused by processing deviation, during the operation of the engine: on the one hand, pre-ignition causes the flash temperature to be too high, and the aluminum material oxidizes and falls off; on the other hand, the airflow movement is not smooth, resulting in an increase in particulate matter (PN) in the exhaust gas.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明为克服现有技术的不足，提供一种汽油机铝活塞气门坑及其飞边的加工工艺。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a processing technology for a gasoline engine aluminum piston valve pit and its flash.
为实现上述目的，设计一种汽油机铝活塞气门坑及其飞边的结构，包括铝活塞，其特征在于：在铝活塞顶面的主推力侧及副推力侧分别设有一组气门坑，所述的一组气门坑由两个气门坑组成，并且两个气门坑分别位于铝活塞顶面的上侧及下侧，两个气门坑为相互镜面布置；所述的气门坑呈“√”型结构，气门坑的一侧为向外凸起的圆弧结构，并且圆弧结构的一端设有气门坑飞边，气门坑飞边与铝活塞的活塞外圆连接；气门坑的另一侧为竖直结构，竖直结构的一端连接圆弧的另一端，竖直结构的另一端连接铝活塞的活塞外圆。To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a structure of a valve pit and a flash of an aluminum piston of a gasoline engine is designed, comprising an aluminum piston, and characterized in that: a group of valve pits are respectively provided on the main thrust side and the secondary thrust side of the top surface of the aluminum piston, the group of valve pits consists of two valve pits, and the two valve pits are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the top surface of the aluminum piston, and the two valve pits are arranged in mirror images of each other; the valve pit is in a "√"-shaped structure, one side of the valve pit is a circular arc structure protruding outward, and one end of the circular arc structure is provided with a valve pit flash, and the valve pit flash is connected to the piston outer circle of the aluminum piston; the other side of the valve pit is a vertical structure, one end of the vertical structure is connected to the other end of the arc, and the other end of the vertical structure is connected to the piston outer circle of the aluminum piston.
所述的主推力侧的一组气门坑与副推力侧的一组气门坑为相互镜面布置。The group of valve pits on the main thrust side and the group of valve pits on the auxiliary thrust side are arranged in mirror image with each other.
所述的气门坑飞边与铝活塞的第一环槽的距离大于等于3.4mm。The distance between the flash edge of the valve pit and the first ring groove of the aluminum piston is greater than or equal to 3.4 mm.
所述的气门坑飞边的宽度大于等于1.2mm。The width of the valve pit flash is greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.
一种汽油机铝活塞气门坑及其飞边的加工工艺，具体加工工艺如下：A processing technology for a gasoline engine aluminum piston valve pit and its flash, the specific processing technology is as follows:
（1）先加工主推力侧；(1) Process the main thrust side first;
（2）加工完主推力侧后，加工副推力侧。(2) After machining the main thrust side, machine the secondary thrust side.
所述的主推力侧的加工工艺如下：The processing technology of the main thrust side is as follows:
（1）找到气门坑中心、铝活塞的销孔中心线、铝活塞的中心线；(1) Find the center of the valve pit, the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston, and the center line of the aluminum piston;
（2）根据铝活塞的型号，定义气门坑的直径为ΦDts、气门坑的深度L1st、气门坑的角度Bst；(2) According to the model of aluminum piston, define the valve pit diameter as ΦDts, the valve pit depth as L1st, and the valve pit angle as Bst;
（3）定义气门坑中心至活塞的销孔中心线的距离为H1ts；(3) Define the distance from the center of the valve pit to the centerline of the piston pin hole as H1ts;
（4）定义气门坑中心至铝活塞的中心线的距离为H2ts；(4) Define the distance from the center of the valve pit to the center line of the aluminum piston as H2ts;
（5）根据L1st、H1ts及H2ts的数据得出机加工气门坑刀具旋转中心的位置Pts；(5) The position Pts of the rotation center of the tool for machining the valve pit is obtained based on the data of L1st, H1ts and H2ts;
（6）以气门坑刀具旋转中心Pts为运动轨迹的起始点；(6) The valve pit tool rotation center Pts is used as the starting point of the motion trajectory;
（7）定义气门坑刀具旋转中心Pts运动轨迹的半径为R1ts；(7) Define the radius of the motion trajectory of the valve pit tool rotation center Pts as R1ts;
（8）定义气门坑与气门坑飞边之间的倒角为R2ts，R2ts=0.5mm常量；(8) Define the chamfer between the valve pit and the valve pit flash as R2ts, R2ts = 0.5mm constant;
（9）得出R1ts= R2ts+（ΦDts/2）；(9) We can conclude that R1ts = R2ts + (ΦDts/2);
（10） 刀具旋转中心运动轨迹的切线与铝活塞的销孔中心线形成的夹角为Ats，Ats取值范围为50°~60°。(10) The angle formed by the tangent line of the tool rotation center motion trajectory and the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston is Ats, and the value range of Ats is 50°~60°.
所述的副推力侧的加工工艺与主推力侧的加工工艺一致。The processing technology of the secondary thrust side is consistent with the processing technology of the main thrust side.
本发明同现有技术相比，根据铝活塞的主推力侧及副推力侧的加工工艺，无需更换气门坑刀具即可完成铝活塞上的所有气门坑的加工，减少了加工周期，大大提高了工作效率。并且优化活塞气门坑飞边的设计，设计成“√”的形状，提高了铝活塞的整体品质。Compared with the prior art, the present invention can complete the processing of all valve pits on the aluminum piston without replacing the valve pit tool according to the processing technology of the main thrust side and the auxiliary thrust side of the aluminum piston, thereby reducing the processing cycle and greatly improving the work efficiency. In addition, the design of the piston valve pit flash is optimized and designed into a "√" shape, thereby improving the overall quality of the aluminum piston.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明结构俯视图。FIG1 is a top view of the structure of the present invention.
图2为本发明结构主视图。FIG. 2 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.
图3为本发明加工工艺示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the processing technology of the present invention.
图4为气门坑俯视加工工艺示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the valve pit machining process from a top view.
图5为图4中E-E向剖视图。Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in Fig. 4 .
参见图1，图2，1为气门坑飞边，2为活塞外圆，3为气门坑，4为铝活塞，5为第一环槽5。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , 1 is the flash edge of the valve pit, 2 is the outer circle of the piston, 3 is the valve pit, 4 is the aluminum piston, and 5 is the first ring groove 5 .
参见图3至图5，1为气门坑飞边，3为气门坑，7为铝活塞的销孔中心线，8为铝活塞的中心线，9为气门坑的直径，10为刀具旋转中心运动轨迹的半径，11为气门坑中心至活塞的销孔中心线的距离，12为刀具旋转中心运动轨迹的切线与铝活塞的销孔中心线形成的夹角，13为气门坑刀具旋转中心运动轨迹，14为气门坑与气门坑飞边之间的倒角，15为气门坑中心至铝活塞的中心线的距离。Referring to Figures 3 to 5, 1 is the valve pit flash, 3 is the valve pit, 7 is the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston, 8 is the center line of the aluminum piston, 9 is the diameter of the valve pit, 10 is the radius of the motion trajectory of the tool rotation center, 11 is the distance from the center of the valve pit to the center line of the pin hole of the piston, 12 is the angle formed by the tangent of the motion trajectory of the tool rotation center and the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston, 13 is the motion trajectory of the valve pit tool rotation center, 14 is the chamfer between the valve pit and the valve pit flash, and 15 is the distance from the center of the valve pit to the center line of the aluminum piston.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面根据附图对本发明做进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1，图2所示，在铝活塞4顶面的主推力侧及副推力侧分别设有一组气门坑，所述的一组气门坑由两个气门坑组成，并且两个气门坑3分别位于铝活塞4顶面的上侧及下侧，两个气门坑3为相互镜面布置；所述的气门坑3呈“√”型结构，气门坑3的一侧为向外凸起的圆弧结构，并且圆弧结构的一端设有气门坑飞边1，气门坑飞边1与铝活塞4的活塞外圆2连接；气门坑3的另一侧为竖直结构，竖直结构的一端连接圆弧的另一端，竖直结构的另一端连接铝活塞4的活塞外圆2。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a group of valve pits are respectively provided on the main thrust side and the auxiliary thrust side of the top surface of the aluminum piston 4, and the group of valve pits consists of two valve pits, and the two valve pits 3 are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the top surface of the aluminum piston 4, and the two valve pits 3 are arranged in mirror image with each other; the valve pit 3 is a "√"-shaped structure, one side of the valve pit 3 is an arc structure protruding outward, and one end of the arc structure is provided with a valve pit flash 1, and the valve pit flash 1 is connected to the piston outer circle 2 of the aluminum piston 4; the other side of the valve pit 3 is a vertical structure, one end of the vertical structure is connected to the other end of the arc, and the other end of the vertical structure is connected to the piston outer circle 2 of the aluminum piston 4.
主推力侧的一组气门坑与副推力侧的一组气门坑为相互镜面布置。A group of valve pits on the main thrust side and a group of valve pits on the auxiliary thrust side are arranged in mirror image with each other.
气门坑飞边1与铝活塞4的第一环槽5的距离大于等于3.4mm。The distance between the valve pit flash 1 and the first ring groove 5 of the aluminum piston 4 is greater than or equal to 3.4 mm.
气门坑飞边1的宽度大于等于1.2mm。The width of the valve pit flash 1 is greater than or equal to 1.2 mm.
如图3至图5所示，一种汽油机铝活塞气门坑及其飞边的加工工艺，具体加工工艺如下：As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , a processing technology for a gasoline engine aluminum piston valve pit and its flash is shown. The specific processing technology is as follows:
（1）找到气门坑中心、铝活塞的销孔中心线、铝活塞的中心线；(1) Find the center of the valve pit, the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston, and the center line of the aluminum piston;
（2）根据铝活塞的型号，定义气门坑的直径为ΦDts、气门坑的深度L1st、气门坑的角度Bst；(2) According to the model of aluminum piston, define the valve pit diameter as ΦDts, the valve pit depth as L1st, and the valve pit angle as Bst;
（3）定义气门坑中心至活塞的销孔中心线的距离为H1ts；(3) Define the distance from the center of the valve pit to the centerline of the piston pin hole as H1ts;
（4）定义气门坑中心至铝活塞的中心线的距离为H2ts；(4) Define the distance from the center of the valve pit to the center line of the aluminum piston as H2ts;
（5）根据L1st、H1ts及H2ts的数据得出机加工气门坑刀具旋转中心的位置Pts；(5) The position Pts of the rotation center of the tool for machining the valve pit is obtained based on the data of L1st, H1ts and H2ts;
（6）以气门坑刀具旋转中心Pts为运动轨迹的起始点；(6) The valve pit tool rotation center Pts is used as the starting point of the motion trajectory;
（7）定义气门坑刀具旋转中心Pts运动轨迹的半径为R1ts；(7) Define the radius of the motion trajectory of the valve pit tool rotation center Pts as R1ts;
（8）定义气门坑与气门坑飞边之间的倒角为R2ts，R2ts=0.5mm常量；(8) Define the chamfer between the valve pit and the valve pit flash as R2ts, R2ts = 0.5mm constant;
（9）得出R1ts= R2ts+（ΦDts/2）；(9) We can conclude that R1ts = R2ts + (ΦDts/2);
（10） 刀具旋转中心运动轨迹的切线与铝活塞的销孔中心线形成的夹角为Ats，Ats取值范围为50°~60°。(10) The angle formed by the tangent line of the tool rotation center motion trajectory and the center line of the pin hole of the aluminum piston is Ats, and the value range of Ats is 50°~60°.
副推力侧的加工工艺与主推力侧的加工工艺一致。The processing technology of the auxiliary thrust side is consistent with that of the main thrust side.
根据铝活塞的主推力侧及副推力侧的加工工艺，无需更换气门坑刀具即可完成铝活塞上的所有气门坑的加工，减少了加工周期，大大提高了工作效率。并且优化活塞气门坑飞边的设计，设计成“√”的形状，提高了铝活塞的整体品质。According to the processing technology of the main thrust side and the secondary thrust side of the aluminum piston, all valve pits on the aluminum piston can be processed without changing the valve pit tool, which reduces the processing cycle and greatly improves the work efficiency. In addition, the design of the piston valve pit flash is optimized and designed into a "√" shape, which improves the overall quality of the aluminum piston.
Claims (4)
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| CN103182647A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 | Positioning device and positioning method for rough process of piston rabbet |
| CN107110063A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2017-08-29 | 费德罗-莫格尔有限责任公司 | Piston |
| CN204436611U (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-07-01 | 海马轿车有限公司 | Engine piston |
| CN104879234A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Engine piston |
| CN205805695U (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-14 | 北京汽车动力总成有限公司 | A kind of piston of automobile engine combustor and automobile |
| CN106112645A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-16 | 山东双港活塞股份有限公司 | Swing piston port hole processing unit (plant) and using method thereof |
| CN106762101A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-31 | 清华大学 | A kind of directly jetting gasoline engine combustion system and control method |
| CN208605291U (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-03-15 | 华域科尔本施密特活塞有限公司 | A kind of gasoline engine aluminum piston with valve hole |
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