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CN108514763A - A kind of continuous type lead plaster method for sieving and device - Google Patents

A kind of continuous type lead plaster method for sieving and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108514763A
CN108514763A CN201810325227.1A CN201810325227A CN108514763A CN 108514763 A CN108514763 A CN 108514763A CN 201810325227 A CN201810325227 A CN 201810325227A CN 108514763 A CN108514763 A CN 108514763A
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sieve
separation
lead paste
screen
pipe
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CN108514763B (en
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张俊丰
曹靖
黄妍
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Xiangtan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/01Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with translationally moving filtering elements, e.g. pistons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/35Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D33/48Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B01D33/50Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
    • B01D33/503Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles the backwash arms, shoes acting on the cake side
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D33/00Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/70Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D33/76Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种连续型铅膏筛分方法和装置。先将铅膏配成均化浆液,铅膏与杂质的分离由湿式筛分完成,分离筛在外力强制下摆动,交替轮换进行筛分操作和筛上杂质清除操作;筛分时,向分离筛上供铅膏浆液;杂质清除时,停止供应铅膏浆液并向筛下通入压缩空气,使筛上杂质上浮并溢流离开分离筛。实现上述方法的装置包括水箱、分离筛、铅膏浆液管、压缩空气管、筛上物收集槽和流出管,分离筛固定在与筛动电机连接的筛摆动支架上,分离筛上下罩桶断面内分别设置铅膏进料管支管和压缩空气管支管,分离筛外壁上固定安装筛上物收集槽,其下端与穿越水箱壁的筛下物流出管连通。本发明的方法和装置能够连续对铅膏进行筛分分离,操作维护简单,生产效率高。

The invention discloses a continuous type lead paste screening method and device. The lead paste is made into a homogenized slurry first, and the separation of the lead paste and impurities is completed by wet screening. The separation sieve is forced to swing by external force, and the sieving operation and the removal of impurities on the sieve are alternately performed; Supply lead paste slurry from above; when impurities are removed, stop supplying lead paste slurry and supply compressed air to the bottom of the sieve to make the impurities on the sieve float up and overflow to leave the separation sieve. The device for realizing the above method includes a water tank, a separation screen, a lead paste slurry pipe, a compressed air pipe, an oversize collection tank and an outflow pipe. The lead paste feed pipe branch and the compressed air pipe branch are respectively arranged inside, and the oversize collection tank is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the separation screen, and its lower end is connected with the undersize outflow pipe passing through the water tank wall. The method and device of the invention can continuously sieve and separate the lead paste, has simple operation and maintenance, and high production efficiency.

Description

一种连续型铅膏筛分方法和装置A continuous type lead paste screening method and device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于废旧铅酸蓄电池资源再生领域,用于废旧铅酸蓄电池再生过程中的铅膏精细分离。The invention belongs to the field of resource regeneration of waste lead-acid batteries and is used for the fine separation of lead paste in the regeneration process of waste lead-acid batteries.

背景技术Background technique

铅酸蓄电池因其性能稳定、安全性高、制造成本低等优点,将在很长一段时期内存在,报废的铅蓄电池的安全处置和资源清洁循环是经济社会发展的必然要求。报废的铅蓄电池汇集到再生点后,进行机械拆解,得到塑料、板栅、铅膏、废酸等主要物料,铅膏作为混合程度最高的含铅物料,其中含有不少的塑料碎片和隔膜纤维,这些都对铅膏的短流程高效资环化造成障碍。开发铅膏中碎塑料片和隔膜纤维的高效分选技术和设备,对铅蓄电池资源循环产业意义很大。Lead-acid batteries will exist for a long time due to their advantages of stable performance, high safety, and low manufacturing cost. The safe disposal of scrapped lead-acid batteries and the clean recycling of resources are the inevitable requirements of economic and social development. After the scrapped lead-acid batteries are collected at the regeneration point, they are mechanically disassembled to obtain main materials such as plastics, grids, lead paste, waste acid, etc. Lead paste is the most mixed lead-containing material, which contains a lot of plastic fragments and separators Fiber, these are obstacles to the short-process and efficient recycling of lead paste. The development of high-efficiency separation technology and equipment for plastic fragments and diaphragm fibers in lead paste is of great significance to the resource recycling industry of lead-acid batteries.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种连续型铅膏筛分方法和装置,实现碎塑料片和纤维丝的高效分离。The object of the present invention is to provide a continuous type lead paste screening method and device to realize efficient separation of broken plastic pieces and fiber filaments.

本发明的技术方案为:Technical scheme of the present invention is:

一种连续型铅膏筛分方法,包括如下步骤:A kind of continuous type lead plaster screening method, comprises the steps:

将铅膏配成浆液并充分均化,铅膏与杂质的分离由分离筛湿式筛分完成,分离筛浸没在水中,分离筛为若干个,分成两组以上,分离筛在外力强制下摆动,一部分进行筛分操作,另一部分进行筛上杂质清除操作,之后交替、轮换;筛分时,向分离筛上供应铅膏浆液并对铅膏进行筛分;杂质清除时,停止向分离筛上供应铅膏浆液并向分离筛下通入压缩空气,使分离筛上的杂质(杂质以塑料片和纤维丝为主)上浮并溢流离开分离筛。The lead paste is made into a slurry and fully homogenized. The separation of the lead paste and impurities is completed by the wet screening of the separating sieve. The separating sieve is immersed in water. There are several separating sieves, which are divided into two or more groups. The separating sieve is forced to swing by external force. One part performs sieving operation, and the other part performs the operation of removing impurities on the sieve, and then alternates and rotates; during sieving, supply lead paste slurry to the separation sieve and sieve the lead paste; when impurities are removed, stop supplying to the separation sieve The lead paste slurry is fed with compressed air under the separation sieve, so that the impurities on the separation sieve (the impurities are mainly plastic sheets and fiber filaments) float up and overflow to leave the separation sieve.

进一步地,分离筛筛网浸没在液面下5~20mm。Further, the separating sieve mesh is submerged 5-20mm below the liquid surface.

进一步地,铅膏浆液的质量分数优选20~80%,优选40~60%;铅膏加料速度优选60~180毫升/分钟,更优选80~120毫升/分钟;筛摆动频率优选70~160次/分钟,更优选100~130次/分钟;分离筛筛网优选100~400目,更优选为160~300目。Further, the mass fraction of the lead paste slurry is preferably 20-80%, preferably 40-60%; the feeding speed of the lead paste is preferably 60-180 ml/min, more preferably 80-120 ml/min; the sieve swing frequency is preferably 70-160 times /min, more preferably 100~130 times/min; the separating sieve mesh is preferably 100~400 mesh, more preferably 160~300 mesh.

一种用于上述的连续型铅膏筛分方法的装置,包括水箱、分离筛、铅膏浆液管、压缩空气管、筛上物收集槽和筛上物流出管,所述的分离筛固定在筛摆动支架上,筛摆动支架与筛动电机连接,筛摆动支架通过固定支架与水箱固定连接;铅膏浆液管安置于水箱上方,且在每个分离筛上罩桶断面内设置支管;分离筛外壁上固定安装筛上物收集槽,筛上物收集槽与分离筛外壁间隙的上端面敞开,下端面封闭但与筛下物流出管连通,筛下物流出管穿越水箱壁;压缩空气管安置于分离筛下罩桶端面以下,且在每个分离筛下罩桶断面内设置支管。A device for the above-mentioned continuous type lead plaster screening method, comprising a water tank, a separating sieve, a lead paste slurry pipe, a compressed air pipe, an oversize collection tank and an oversize outflow pipe, and the described separating sieve is fixed on On the sieve swing bracket, the sieve swing bracket is connected with the sieve motor, and the sieve swing bracket is fixedly connected with the water tank through the fixed bracket; the lead paste slurry pipe is placed above the water tank, and a branch pipe is set in the section of the upper cover bucket of each separation screen; the separation screen The oversize collection tank is fixedly installed on the outer wall, the upper end surface of the gap between the oversize collection tank and the outer wall of the separation screen is open, the lower end surface is closed but communicated with the underscreen outflow pipe, and the underscreen outflow pipe passes through the water tank wall; the compressed air pipe is installed A branch pipe is arranged below the end surface of the bucket under the separation screen and in the section of the bucket under the separation screen.

进一步地,分离筛下罩桶长度为上罩桶长度的1.5~4倍。Further, the length of the lower cover barrel of the separation screen is 1.5 to 4 times the length of the upper cover barrel.

进一步地,筛上物收集槽与分离筛断面形状相同。Further, the shape of the oversize collection tank is the same as that of the separation screen section.

进一步地,压缩空气管支管开口端面高于分离筛下罩桶下端面1~1.2倍上罩桶长度。Furthermore, the opening end face of the branch pipe of the compressed air pipe is 1 to 1.2 times the length of the upper cover barrel higher than the lower end face of the lower cover barrel of the separation screen.

进一步地,筛下物流出管穿越水箱壁,与外界的筛上物储槽连接。Further, the undersize outlet pipe passes through the wall of the water tank and is connected with the outside oversize storage tank.

配制并充分均化后的铅膏浆液由铅膏浆液管输送到分离筛上,分离筛筛网浸没水箱的液面以下,分离筛在筛动电机的强制作用下摆动对铅膏进行筛分,铅膏颗粒通过筛网成为筛下物,并经筛下物流出管流出装置边界,再进入后续处理;铅膏中的塑料片和纤维丝等截留在筛网上成为筛上物。筛上物清理时,停止向筛上供应铅膏浆液,同时开始向分离筛下供应压缩空气,压缩空气经过筛网向上运动,造成的气液环流使筛上物溢流进入筛上物收集槽并经过筛上物流出管流出装置边界,再进行后续处理。The prepared and fully homogenized lead paste slurry is transported to the separation sieve by the lead paste slurry pipe, the separation sieve mesh is submerged below the liquid level of the water tank, and the separation sieve swings under the force of the sieving motor to sieve the lead paste. Paste particles pass through the screen and become undersize, and flow out of the device boundary through the underflow outflow pipe, and then enter the subsequent treatment; plastic sheets and fiber filaments in the paste are retained on the screen to become oversize. When the oversize is cleaned, stop supplying lead paste slurry to the top of the sieve, and start supplying compressed air to the bottom of the separation sieve at the same time, the compressed air moves upward through the screen, and the resulting air-liquid circulation makes the oversize overflow into the oversize collection tank And flow out of the boundary of the device through the oversize outflow pipe, and then carry out subsequent treatment.

本发明的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明的方法和装置能够连续对铅膏进行筛分分离铅膏夹带的碎塑料片和隔膜纤维丝,分选效率高,杂质去除率能够高达99.9%以上,且操作简单、维护方便,生产效率高。The method and device of the present invention can continuously sieve and separate the broken plastic pieces and diaphragm fiber filaments entrained in the lead plaster. The separation efficiency is high, the removal rate of impurities can be as high as 99.9%, and the operation is simple, the maintenance is convenient, and the production efficiency is high. high.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明,废铅酸电池经过破碎筛分处理后得到铅膏,实施样品铅膏中不含铅的杂质质量含量为0.9%,主要是塑料和纤维丝。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. The waste lead-acid batteries are crushed and screened to obtain lead paste. The mass content of lead-free impurities in the sample lead paste is 0.9%, mainly plastics and fiber filaments.

如图1所示,本发明的连续型铅膏筛分装置,包括水箱6、分离筛1、铅膏浆液管3、压缩空气管4、筛上物收集槽2和筛上物流出管5,所述的分离筛1固定在筛摆动支架9上,筛摆动支架9与筛动电机10连接,筛摆动支架9通过固定支架8与水箱6固定连接;铅膏浆液管3安置于水箱6上方,且在每个分离筛1上罩桶断面内设置支管;分离筛1外壁上固定安装筛上物收集槽2,筛上物收集槽2与分离筛1断面形状相同,筛上物收集槽2与分离筛1外壁间隙的上端面敞开,下端面封闭但与筛下物流出管7连通,筛下物流出管7穿越水箱壁,与外界的筛上物储槽连接;压缩空气管4安置于分离筛1下罩桶端面以下,且在每个分离筛1下罩桶断面内设置支管。As shown in Figure 1, the continuous type lead paste screening device of the present invention comprises a water tank 6, a separating screen 1, a lead paste slurry pipe 3, a compressed air pipe 4, an oversize collecting tank 2 and an oversize outflow pipe 5, The separation sieve 1 is fixed on the sieve swing bracket 9, the sieve swing bracket 9 is connected with the sieve motor 10, the sieve swing bracket 9 is fixedly connected with the water tank 6 through the fixed bracket 8; the lead paste slurry pipe 3 is placed above the water tank 6, And a branch pipe is set in the section of the upper cover barrel of each separating screen 1; an oversize collection tank 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the separation screen 1, and the oversize collection tank 2 has the same section shape as the separation screen 1, and the oversize collection tank 2 and The upper end surface of the gap on the outer wall of the separation screen 1 is open, and the lower end surface is closed but communicated with the undersieve outflow pipe 7. The undersieve outflow pipe 7 passes through the water tank wall and connects with the outside oversieve storage tank; the compressed air pipe 4 is placed in the separation Below the end surface of the lower cover barrel of the screen 1, branch pipes are arranged in the section of the lower cover barrel of each separation screen 1.

以下实施例的铅膏筛分在上述筛分装置内进行。The lead paste sieving of following embodiment is carried out in above-mentioned sieving device.

实施例1Example 1

铅膏加水配成质量百分数为40%的浆液,充分搅拌均化,分离筛直径200毫米,筛网200目,筛分时铅膏加料速度100毫升/分钟,筛摆动频率120次/分钟,运行60分钟,处理铅膏浆液6升,筛上物流出管收集到杂质0.021公斤,杂质去除率97.2%。Add water to the lead plaster to make a slurry with a mass percentage of 40%, fully stir and homogenize, separate the sieve with a diameter of 200 mm, and a screen of 200 mesh. When sieving, the feed rate of the lead paste is 100 ml/min, and the sieve swing frequency is 120 times/min. After 60 minutes, 6 liters of lead paste slurry was processed, and 0.021 kg of impurities were collected from the oversieve discharge pipe, and the removal rate of impurities was 97.2%.

实施例2Example 2

铅膏加水配成质量百分数为60%的浆液,充分搅拌均化,分离筛直径200毫米,筛网160目,筛分时铅膏加料速度100毫升/分钟,筛摆动频率120次/分钟,运行60分钟,处理铅膏浆液6升,筛上物流出管收集到杂质0.03公斤,杂质去除率92.6%。Add water to the lead paste to make a slurry with a mass percentage of 60%, fully stir and homogenize, separate the sieve with a diameter of 200 mm, and a sieve of 160 mesh. When sieving, the lead paste feeding speed is 100 ml/min, and the sieve swing frequency is 120 times/min. After 60 minutes, 6 liters of lead plaster slurry was processed, and 0.03 kg of impurities were collected from the oversieve discharge pipe, and the removal rate of impurities was 92.6%.

实施例3Example 3

铅膏加水配成质量百分数为40%的浆液,充分搅拌均化,分离筛直径200毫米,筛网300目,筛分时铅膏加料速度100毫升/分钟,筛摆动频率120次/分钟,运行60分钟,处理铅膏浆液6升,筛上物流出管收集到0.0216公斤,杂质去除率99.9%。Add water to the lead plaster to make a slurry with a mass percentage of 40%, fully stir and homogenize, separate the sieve with a diameter of 200 mm, and a screen of 300 mesh. When sieving, the feed rate of the lead paste is 100 ml/min, and the sieve swing frequency is 120 times/min. In 60 minutes, 6 liters of lead plaster slurry was processed, and 0.0216 kg of the oversieve discharge pipe was collected, and the impurity removal rate was 99.9%.

Claims (8)

1.一种连续型铅膏筛分方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:1. a continuous type lead plaster screening method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: 将铅膏配成浆液并充分均化,铅膏与杂质的分离由分离筛湿式筛分完成,分离筛浸没在水中,分离筛在外力强制下摆动,一部分进行筛分操作,另一部分进行筛上杂质清除操作,之后交替、轮换;筛分时,向分离筛上供应铅膏浆液并对铅膏进行筛分;杂质清除时,停止向分离筛上供应铅膏浆液并向分离筛下通入压缩空气,使分离筛上的杂质上浮并溢流离开分离筛。The lead paste is made into a slurry and fully homogenized. The separation of the lead paste and impurities is completed by the wet screening of the separating sieve. The separating sieve is immersed in water, and the separating sieve is forced to swing by external force. One part is sieved, and the other part is sieved. Impurity removal operation, followed by alternation and rotation; during screening, supply lead paste slurry to the separation sieve and sieve the lead paste; when impurities are removed, stop supplying lead paste slurry to the separation sieve and pass compressed Air, which floats the impurities on the separating screen and overflows away from the separating screen. 2.根据权利要求1所述的连续型铅膏筛分方法,其特征在于,分离筛为若干个,分成两组以上。2. continuous type lead plaster screening method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, separating sieve is several, is divided into more than two groups. 3.根据权利要求1所述的连续型铅膏筛分方法,其特征在于,分离筛筛网浸没在液面下5~20mm。3. continuous type lead plaster screening method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, separating sieve screen cloth is submerged in 5~20mm below liquid level. 4.一种用于权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法的装置,其特征在于,包括水箱、分离筛、铅膏浆液管、压缩空气管、筛上物收集槽和筛上物流出管,所述的分离筛固定在筛摆动支架上,筛摆动支架与筛动电机连接,筛摆动支架通过固定支架与水箱固定连接;铅膏浆液管安置于水箱上方,且在每个分离筛上罩桶断面内设置支管;分离筛外壁上固定安装筛上物收集槽,筛上物收集槽与分离筛外壁间隙的上端面敞开,下端面封闭但与筛下物流出管连通,筛下物流出管穿越水箱壁;压缩空气管安置在分离筛下罩桶端面以下,且在每个分离筛下罩桶断面内设置支管。4. A device for the method described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a water tank, a separating screen, a lead paste slurry pipe, a compressed air pipe, an oversize collecting tank and an oversize outlet The separation screen is fixed on the sieve swing bracket, and the sieve swing bracket is connected to the sieve motor, and the sieve swing bracket is fixedly connected to the water tank through the fixed bracket; A branch pipe is arranged in the section of the cover barrel; an oversize collection tank is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the separation screen, and the upper end surface of the gap between the oversize collection tank and the outer wall of the separation screen is open, and the lower end surface is closed but connected with the undersieve outflow pipe, and the undersieve flow out The pipe passes through the wall of the water tank; the compressed air pipe is arranged below the end surface of the bucket under the separation screen, and a branch pipe is arranged in the section of the bucket under the separation screen. 5.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,分离筛下罩桶长度为上罩桶长度的1.5~4倍。5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the lower cover barrel of the separation screen is 1.5 to 4 times the length of the upper cover barrel. 6.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,筛上物收集槽与分离筛断面形状相同。6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the oversize collection tank has the same section shape as the separation screen. 7.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,压缩空气管支管开口端面高于分离筛下罩桶下端面1~1.2倍上罩桶长度。7. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the opening end face of the branch pipe of the compressed air pipe is higher than the lower end face of the lower cover barrel of the separation screen by 1 to 1.2 times the length of the upper cover barrel. 8.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,筛下物流出管穿越水箱壁,与外界的筛上物储槽连接。8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the oversize outflow pipe passes through the wall of the water tank and is connected with the outside oversize storage tank.
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