CN108170256B - A USB-C dynamic distribution power system and its power detection method - Google Patents
A USB-C dynamic distribution power system and its power detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开一种USB‑C动态分配功率系统及其功率检测方法，包括USB‑C插头、PD控制器、微处理器、电源管理电路、电源开关、USB‑C插头、USB3.0插座；其中所述USB‑C插头与PD控制器连接；PD控制器与微处理器连接；所述微处理器分别与带有电源监测的电源开关以及USB‑C插座连接；所述电源管理电路与电源开关连接。该装置可同时扩展多个输出接口的装置，增加了利用率，降低成本，同时该装置可监测各个输出接口的功率值，以最大化的利用PD电源的功率。
The invention discloses a USB-C dynamic power distribution system and a power detection method thereof, which includes a USB-C plug, a PD controller, a microprocessor, a power management circuit, a power switch, a USB-C plug, and a USB3.0 socket; wherein The USB-C plug is connected to the PD controller; the PD controller is connected to the microprocessor; the microprocessor is connected to the power switch with power monitoring and the USB-C socket respectively; the power management circuit is connected to the power switch connect. This device can simultaneously expand devices with multiple output interfaces, increasing utilization and reducing costs. At the same time, the device can monitor the power value of each output interface to maximize the use of the power of the PD power supply.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种USB-C电脑、平板、手机周边配件的领域及其检测方法，尤其是涉及一种USB-C动态分配功率系统及其功率检测方法。The invention relates to the field of USB-C peripheral accessories for computers, tablets, and mobile phones and detection methods thereof, and in particular, to a USB-C dynamic distribution power system and power detection method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
自从USB-C接口(USB Type-C接口，简称USB-C)推出后，市面上出现了许多USB-C接口的电脑、平板、手机，这些设备的USB-C接口不但可以保留有USB3.1的信号，还可以同时支持DP(DisplayPort)信号输出。由于这些设备上的接口比较少，一般都需要用一个USB-C扩展坞以扩展成不同的接口满足不同的需求。一般这些USB-C扩展坞都支持PD充电，同时有多个USB接口及其他接口。这些USB接口需要供电给外围设备供电，多个USB接口连接了多个USB设备后同时工作所需要的电量很大，PD电源(Power delivery快速充电电源)除了要供电给外围的USB设备，剩余的电量才能供电给电脑。大部份的USB-C扩展坞都是从PD电源截取固定的电源功率预留给USB接口使用，即使USB接口没有连接设备，这部份的功率也要保留给USB接口，不能充给电脑。有时就造成了资源闲置，不能最大化地利用PD电源的功率。Since the launch of the USB-C interface (USB Type-C interface, USB-C for short), many computers, tablets, and mobile phones with USB-C interfaces have appeared on the market. The USB-C interfaces of these devices can not only retain USB3.1 signals, and can also support DP (DisplayPort) signal output at the same time. Since there are relatively few interfaces on these devices, a USB-C docking station is generally required to expand into different interfaces to meet different needs. Generally, these USB-C docking stations support PD charging and have multiple USB interfaces and other interfaces. These USB interfaces need to supply power to peripheral devices. Multiple USB interfaces connected to multiple USB devices require a lot of power to work at the same time. In addition to power delivery to peripheral USB devices, the PD power supply (Power delivery fast charging power supply) needs to supply power to peripheral USB devices. power to power the computer. Most USB-C docking stations intercept a fixed power supply from the PD power supply and reserve it for the USB interface. Even if the USB interface is not connected to a device, this part of the power must be reserved for the USB interface and cannot be charged to the computer. Sometimes the resources are left idle and the power of the PD power supply cannot be maximized.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了解决现技术中的不足，发明一种USB-C动态分配功率系统及其功率检测方法以解决现有技术中的不足。In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention invents a USB-C dynamic power allocation system and a power detection method thereof to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
技术方案如下：一种USB-C动态分配功率系统，包括USB-C插头、PD控制器、微处理器、电源管理电路、电源开关、USB-C插头、USB3.0插座、USB集线器、DP视频处理器；所述USB-C插头与PD控制器连接；PD控制器与微处理器连接；所述微处理器分别与带有电源监测的电源开关以及USB-C插座连接；所述电源管理电路与电源开关连接；所述USB-C插头与USB集线器以及DP视频处理器连接；其特征在于：所述USB-C接口扩展装置中包括带有电流监测的电源开关，该电源开关内部集成有电流检测电路，可以准确地检测到流过多大电流。微处理器通过I2C总线就可以访问该电源开关，读取USB接口所消耗的电流。微处理器同时还检测是否有PD电源连接，如果有PD电源连接后，通过PD通讯检测PD电源的功率。然后微处理器计算还有多少功率可以提供给电脑充电，给电脑充电的功率＝PD电源功率–USB消耗的功率。微处理器每隔1秒扫描一次USB消耗的功率是否有变化，如果USB消耗的功率有变化，则意味着提供给电脑的功率也有变化，微处理器则会通知前端的PD控制器调整功率，以改变可以提供给电脑的功率。The technical solution is as follows: a USB-C dynamic power distribution system, including USB-C plug, PD controller, microprocessor, power management circuit, power switch, USB-C plug, USB3.0 socket, USB hub, DP video Processor; the USB-C plug is connected to the PD controller; the PD controller is connected to the microprocessor; the microprocessor is connected to the power switch with power monitoring and the USB-C socket respectively; the power management circuit Connected to a power switch; the USB-C plug is connected to a USB hub and a DP video processor; it is characterized in that: the USB-C interface expansion device includes a power switch with current monitoring, and the power switch has a current integrated inside The detection circuit can accurately detect how much current flows. The microprocessor can access the power switch through the I2C bus and read the current consumed by the USB interface. The microprocessor also detects whether there is a PD power supply connected. If there is a PD power supply connected, it detects the power of the PD power supply through PD communication. Then the microprocessor calculates how much power is available to charge the computer. The power to charge the computer = PD power power – power consumed by USB. The microprocessor scans every 1 second whether the power consumed by the USB changes. If the power consumed by the USB changes, it means that the power provided to the computer also changes. The microprocessor will notify the front-end PD controller to adjust the power. to change the power that can be supplied to the computer.
优选为：所述电源开关为带有电流监测功能的电源开关。Preferably, the power switch is a power switch with a current monitoring function.
优选为：所述微处理器通过I2C总线访问电源开关。Preferably, the microprocessor accesses the power switch through the I2C bus.
优选为：所述带有电流监测的电源开关，其内部集成有电流检测电路，可以准确地检测到流过多大电流，检测误差小于100mA。微处理器通过I2C总线就可以访问该电源开关，读取USB接口所消耗的电流。Preferably, the power switch with current monitoring has a current detection circuit integrated inside it, which can accurately detect how much current flows, and the detection error is less than 100mA. The microprocessor can access the power switch through the I2C bus and read the current consumed by the USB interface.
优选为：所述微处理器选用ARM Cortex-M032-bit微处理器。Preferably, the microprocessor is an ARM Cortex-M032-bit microprocessor.
优选为：所述电流监测的电源开关设有8挡通过I2C总线调节的电流限流阈值，分别是530mA、960mA、1070mA、1280mA、1600mA、2130mA、2670mA、3200mA，可以满足不同的USB接口的限流功能。Preferably, the power switch for current monitoring is provided with 8 current limiting thresholds adjusted through the I2C bus, which are respectively 530mA, 960mA, 1070mA, 1280mA, 1600mA, 2130mA, 2670mA, and 3200mA, which can meet the limits of different USB interfaces. streaming functionality.
优选为：所述PD控制器负责处理USB-C供电管理、DP Alt-Mode握手。Preferably, the PD controller is responsible for handling USB-C power supply management and DP Alt-Mode handshake.
优选为：所述微处理器负责与PD电源通讯，检测PD电源的输出功率：通过读取带有电流监测的电源开关上的电流，计算PD电源有多大功率、本装置自身消耗了多少功率、PD电源还剩下多少可用功率，然后再通过PD通讯通知PD控制器还有多少可用功率可以提供给外部。Preferably, the microprocessor is responsible for communicating with the PD power supply and detecting the output power of the PD power supply: by reading the current on the power switch with current monitoring, it can calculate how much power the PD power supply has and how much power the device itself consumes. How much available power is left in the PD power supply, and then the PD controller is notified through PD communication how much available power can be provided to the outside.
优选为：所述电源管理电路，负责选通供电通道以及输出稳定的5V，提供给5V系统电源。当没有连接PD电源时，选通插头-Vbus作为电源输入；当连接了PD电源后，选通插座-Vbus作为电源输入；当电源输入为5V电压时，电源管理电路需要输出5V，当电源输入大于5V的电压时，电源管理电路也要输出5V。Preferably, the power management circuit is responsible for selecting the power supply channel and outputting stable 5V to provide the 5V system power supply. When the PD power supply is not connected, the strobe plug-Vbus is used as the power input; when the PD power supply is connected, the strobe socket-Vbus is used as the power input; when the power input is 5V, the power management circuit needs to output 5V. When the power input When the voltage is greater than 5V, the power management circuit must also output 5V.
一种基于USB-C动态分配功率系统的功率检测方法，其特征在于：微处理器检测是否有PD电源连接，如果有PD电源连接后，通过PD通讯检测PD电源的功率，然后通过I2C总线访问带有电源监测的电源开关，读取所有USB设备实际消耗多大功率，然后微处理器计算还有多少功率可以提供给电脑充电，给电脑充电的功率＝PD电源功率–USB消耗的功率。微处理器每隔1秒扫描一次USB消耗的功率是否有变化，如果USB消耗的功率有变化，则意味着提供给电脑的功率也有变化，微处理器则会通知前端的PD控制器调整功率，以改变可以提供给电脑的功率。A power detection method based on USB-C dynamic distribution power system, characterized by: a microprocessor detects whether there is a PD power supply connected, and if there is a PD power supply connected, it detects the power of the PD power supply through PD communication, and then accesses it through the I2C bus The power switch with power monitoring reads the actual power consumed by all USB devices, and then the microprocessor calculates how much power is available to charge the computer. The power used to charge the computer = PD power power – power consumed by USB. The microprocessor scans every 1 second whether the power consumed by the USB changes. If the power consumed by the USB changes, it means that the power provided to the computer also changes. The microprocessor will notify the front-end PD controller to adjust the power. to change the power that can be supplied to the computer.
有益效果：该装置可同时扩展多个输出接口的装置，增加了利用率，降低成本，同时该装置可监测各个输出接口的功率值，以最大化的利用PD电源的功率。Beneficial effects: This device can simultaneously expand devices with multiple output interfaces, increasing utilization and reducing costs. At the same time, the device can monitor the power value of each output interface to maximize the use of the power of the PD power supply.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是一种USB-C动态分配功率系统的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a USB-C dynamic power distribution system.
图2为一种USB-C动态分配功率系统的功率检测方法示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the power detection method of a USB-C dynamic allocation power system.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种USB-C插头与USB集线器以及DP视频处理器连接；所述动态分配功率系统包括USB-C插头、PD控制器、微处理器、电源管理电路、电源开关、USB-C插头、USB3.0插座、USB集线器、DP视频处理器；所述USB-C插头与PD控制器连接；PD控制器与微处理器连接；所述微处理器分别与带有电源监测的电源开关以及USB-C插座连接；所述电源管理电路与电源开关连接；所述电源开关与USB连接；所述电源开关为带有电流监测功能的电源开关。该带有电流监测的电源开关还支持限流功能，有8挡可以通过I2C总线调节的电流限流阈值，分别是530mA、960mA、1070mA、1280mA、1600mA、2130mA、2670mA、3200mA，可以满足不同的USB接口的限流功能。所述PD控制器负责处理USB-C供电管理、DP Alt-Mode握手。所述微处理器负责与PD电源通讯，检测PD电源的输出功率：通过读取带有电流监测的电源开关上的电流，计算PD电源有多大功率、本装置自身消耗了多少功率、PD电源还剩下多少可用功率，然后再通过PD通讯通知PD控制器还有多少可用功率可以提供给外部；在本发明中，对于PD控制器来说，微处理器相当于一个PD电源。所述电源管理电路，负责选通供电通道以及输出稳定的5V，提供给5V系统电源。当没有连接PD电源时，选通插头-Vbus作为电源输入；当连接了PD电源后，选通插座-Vbus作为电源输入；当电源输入为5V电压时，电源管理电路需要输出5V，当电源输入大于5V的电压时，电源管理电路也要输出5V。A USB-C plug is connected to a USB hub and a DP video processor; the dynamic distribution power system includes a USB-C plug, a PD controller, a microprocessor, a power management circuit, a power switch, a USB-C plug, and USB3. 0 socket, USB hub, DP video processor; the USB-C plug is connected to the PD controller; the PD controller is connected to the microprocessor; the microprocessor is respectively connected to the power switch with power monitoring and the USB-C The socket is connected; the power management circuit is connected to the power switch; the power switch is connected to the USB; the power switch is a power switch with a current monitoring function. The power switch with current monitoring also supports current limiting function. There are 8 current limiting thresholds that can be adjusted through the I2C bus, which are 530mA, 960mA, 1070mA, 1280mA, 1600mA, 2130mA, 2670mA, and 3200mA, which can meet different needs. Current limiting function of USB interface. The PD controller is responsible for handling USB-C power supply management and DP Alt-Mode handshake. The microprocessor is responsible for communicating with the PD power supply and detecting the output power of the PD power supply: by reading the current on the power switch with current monitoring, it calculates how much power the PD power supply has, how much power the device itself consumes, and how much power the PD power supply has. How much available power is left, and then the PD controller is notified through PD communication how much available power can be provided to the outside; in the present invention, for the PD controller, the microprocessor is equivalent to a PD power supply. The power management circuit is responsible for selecting the power supply channel and outputting stable 5V to provide the 5V system power supply. When the PD power supply is not connected, the strobe plug-Vbus is used as the power input; when the PD power supply is connected, the strobe socket-Vbus is used as the power input; when the power input is 5V, the power management circuit needs to output 5V. When the power input When the voltage is greater than 5V, the power management circuit must also output 5V.
实施例1Example 1
一种USB-C动态分配功率系统的功率检测方法：微处理器检测是否有PD电源连接，如果有PD电源连接后，通过PD通讯检测PD电源的功率，然后通过I2C总线访问带有电源监测的电源开关，将功率监测信号输出到微处理器，读取所有USB设备实际消耗多大功率，然后通过减法电路计算还有多少功率可以提供给电脑，如果提供给电脑的功率有变化，则通知前端的PD控制器调整功率，每隔1秒扫描一次USB消耗的功率是否有变化。通过不断监测USB接口的功率变化，动态地调整可能提供给USB-C电脑的充电功率。A power detection method for USB-C dynamic distribution power system: the microprocessor detects whether there is a PD power supply connected. If there is a PD power supply connected, it detects the power of the PD power supply through PD communication, and then accesses the device with power monitoring through the I2C bus. The power switch outputs the power monitoring signal to the microprocessor, reads how much power all USB devices actually consume, and then calculates how much power can be provided to the computer through the subtraction circuit. If the power provided to the computer changes, the front-end is notified The PD controller adjusts the power and scans every 1 second whether the power consumed by the USB has changed. By constantly monitoring the power changes of the USB interface, the charging power that may be provided to the USB-C computer is dynamically adjusted.
本发明选用ARM Cortex-M032-bit作为微处理器，其内部集成有模拟比较器，可以处理PD通讯信号接收；通过外部的电阻配置成PD通讯的电平，可以处理PD通讯信号的发送，这样，微处理器就可以模拟出USC-C PD通讯。微处理器主要负责与外部的PD电源进行PD通讯，获取PD电源的最大功率，然后通过I2C总线读取两个带有电流监测的电源开关，统计所有USB接口当前消耗的实际功率，同时设置各个USB接口的电流限流值。计算当前PD电源需要提供多少功率给扩展坞使用，然后再将剩余的PD电源功率通过PD通讯告诉前面的PD控制器，由PD控制器再提供给电脑充电。The present invention uses ARM Cortex-M032-bit as the microprocessor, which has an internal integrated analog comparator that can process the reception of PD communication signals; the external resistor is configured to the level of PD communication, and can process the transmission of PD communication signals. In this way , the microprocessor can simulate USC-C PD communication. The microprocessor is mainly responsible for PD communication with the external PD power supply, obtaining the maximum power of the PD power supply, and then reading two power switches with current monitoring through the I2C bus, counting the actual power currently consumed by all USB interfaces, and setting each The current limit value of the USB interface. Calculate how much power the current PD power supply needs to provide to the docking station, and then tell the remaining PD power supply to the previous PD controller through PD communication, and the PD controller then provides it to charge the computer.
选用带有电流监测的电源开关，可以实时监测电流，微处理器通过I2C总线可以访问到实际消耗了多大电流，这样减轻了微处理器的工作量。另外，该带有电流监测的电源开关还支持限流功能，有8挡可以通过I2C总线调节的电流限流阈值，分别是530mA、960mA、1070mA、1280mA、1600mA、2130mA、2670mA、3200mA，可以满足不同的USB接口的限流功能。Choosing a power switch with current monitoring can monitor the current in real time. The microprocessor can access the actual consumed current through the I2C bus, which reduces the workload of the microprocessor. In addition, the power switch with current monitoring also supports current limiting function. There are 8 current limiting thresholds that can be adjusted through the I2C bus, which are 530mA, 960mA, 1070mA, 1280mA, 1600mA, 2130mA, 2670mA, and 3200mA, which can meet Current limiting functions of different USB interfaces.
在以上的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是以上描述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，因此本发明不受上面公开的具体实施的限制。同时任何熟悉本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。In the foregoing description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, so the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed above. At the same time, any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention using the methods and technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into equivalent implementations with equivalent changes. example. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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