CN108157375A - 一种含有flutianil的杀菌组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种含有flutianil的杀菌组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108157375A CN108157375A CN201611117539.0A CN201611117539A CN108157375A CN 108157375 A CN108157375 A CN 108157375A CN 201611117539 A CN201611117539 A CN 201611117539A CN 108157375 A CN108157375 A CN 108157375A
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- Prior art keywords
- flutianil
- powdery mildew
- pyraclostrobin
- trifloxystrobin
- bactericidal composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclostrobin Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C=C1 HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000005784 Fluoxastrobin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N fluoxastrobin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC=2C(=C(OC=3C(=CC=CC=3)Cl)N=CN=2)F)C=1C(=N/OC)\C1=NOCCO1 UFEODZBUAFNAEU-NLRVBDNBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有flutianil的杀菌组合物，其有效成分由A和B组成，A为flutianil，B为选自嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和肟菌酯中的任意一种，A与B的质量比为1︰50～50︰1。该组合物增效作用明显，防效高，适合于防治瓜果蔬菜上的多种病害，尤其适合于防治白粉病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种杀菌组合物，尤其涉及一种以flutianil为主要成分的杀菌组合物及其防治农作物病害的应用，属于农药技术领域。
背景技术
白粉病是由真菌中的白粉菌科(Erysiphacesae)引起的植物病害。例如：由禾白粉菌(Ery-siphe graminis)引起的禾谷类白粉病；由苍耳单丝壳(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)引起的瓜类、豆类、麻类等多种植物的白粉病；由草莓钩丝壳(Uncinula necator)引起的草莓白粉病；由榛球针壳(Phyllactinia corylea)引起的桑、梨、柿、核桃、栗、荔枝、番木瓜等80多种树木的白粉病；由蔷薇单丝壳(Sphaerotheca pannosa)引起的蔷薇属花卉的白粉病等。
在白粉病的防治上，目前主要依赖苯并咪唑类、三唑类杀菌剂。这些药剂因为长期使用已产生了不同程度的抗药性，防治效果降低。另外，三唑类药剂在使用剂量大时对作物生长有抑制作用，容易引发药害。
flutianil为噻唑烷类杀菌剂，分子式：C19H14F4N20S2，分子量426.5。该药剂通过抑制病原菌的菌丝生长而见效。flutianil在极低的浓度(10mg/L)对瓜果蔬菜的白粉病等病害具卓效。
flutianil作为一种新型杀菌剂，目前的生产和使用成本均较高，并且长期单独使用也有很大的抗性风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种增效作用明显，对白粉病防治效果好、成本低、抗性风险低的杀菌组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供该杀菌组合物的应用。
发明人通过大量的室内生测和田间药效试验，意外发现flutianil和嘧菌酯或吡唑醚菌酯或肟菌酯以一定的比例混配后，对白粉病等病害有显著的增效作用。
所述嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)：甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂，分子式C22H17N3O5。高效、广谱，对几乎所有的真菌界(子囊菌亚门、担子菌亚门、鞭毛菌亚门和半知菌亚门)病害如白粉病、锈病、颖枯病、网斑病、霜霉病、晚疫病、疫病、稻瘟病等均有良好的活性。可用于茎叶喷雾、种子处理，也可进行土壤处理，主要用于谷物、水稻、花生、葡萄、马铃薯、果树、蔬菜、咖啡、草坪等。作用机理为抑制病真菌线粒体呼吸，破坏病菌的能量合成，具保护、治疗和铲除三重功效。
所述吡唑醚菌酯(pyraclostrobin)：甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂，分子式C19H18ClN3O4。广谱杀菌剂，具有保护、治疗、叶片渗透传导作用。为线粒体呼吸抑制剂。吡唑醚菌酯对黄瓜白粉病、霜霉病和香蕉黑星病、叶斑病、马铃薯晚疫病、葡萄霜霉病等均有很好效果。
所述肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)：甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂，分子式C20H19F3N2O4。具有高效、广谱、保护、治疗、铲除、渗透、内吸活性、耐雨水冲刷、持效期长等特性。除对白粉病、叶斑病有特效外，对锈病、霜霉病、晚疫病、立枯病、苹果黑星病、油菜菌核病有良好的活性。
嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯、肟菌酯是本领域公知的甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂，可以通过各种商业渠道获得。
为克服现有技术的不足，本发明的技术方案是这样解决的：一种含有flutianil的杀菌组合物，含有有效成分A和B，A为flutianil，B为选自嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和肟菌酯中的任意一种，A与B质量比为1︰50～50︰1，优选质量比为1:30～30:1。
该组合物可以加工成农业上允许的任意剂型，较好的剂型有乳油、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂。
本发明的杀菌组合物中，有效成分A与B的累积质量百分含量为5％～85％，其余为助剂和填料或稀释剂。
上述杀菌组合物的剂型除包括有效成分A与B之外，还包括助剂和其它有助于药效发挥的物质。乳油包括有机溶剂、助溶剂和乳化剂；微乳剂包括有机溶剂、乳化剂和水；水乳剂包括有机溶剂、分散剂、乳化剂和水；悬浮剂包括水、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂和润湿剂；可湿性粉剂包括润湿剂、分散剂和填料；水分散粒剂包括分散剂、崩解剂、填料和湿润剂。以上都是农药制剂中常用或允许使用的各种成分，并无特别限定，具体成分和用量根据配方要求通过简单试验确定。例如：
有机溶剂可选择异丙醇、二甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、环乙酮、甲苯、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙醇、三甲基环乙烯酮、N-辛基吡咯烷酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、乙二醇甲醚、丁醚、乙酸乙酯、植物油中的一种或多种。
助溶剂可选择N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺、乙醇、丙乙醇、丙酮中的一种或多种。
分散剂可选择木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙、拉开粉、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、聚羧酸盐、烷基苯磺酸钙盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、甘油脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
乳化剂可选择农乳600号(苯基酚聚氧乙基醚)、农乳1601号(苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚)、农乳500号(烷基苯磺酸钙)、OP系列磷酸酯(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)、600号磷酸酯(苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯)、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯米硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、农乳400号(苄基二甲酚聚氧乙基醚)、农乳700号(烷基酚醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、农乳36号(苯乙基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、农乳1600号(苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚)、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、OP系列(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚)、农乳33号(烷基芳基聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚)、农乳34号(烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚)、司盘系列(山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯)、吐温系列(失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚)、AEO系列(肪醇醇聚氧乙烯醚)中的一种或多种。
防冻剂可选择丙三醇、尿素、乙二醇、丙二醇中的一种或多种。
湿润剂可选择甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物、十二烷基硫酸钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钙、茶枯、皂角粉、蚕沙、无患子粉、月桂醇基硫酸钠、洗衣粉、拉开粉中的一种或多种。
崩解剂可选择硫酸铵、尿素、膨润土、氯化铝、柠檬酸、丁二酸、碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种。
增稠剂可选择黄原胶、羟甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、硅酸铝镁、聚乙烯醇中一种或多种。
填料可选择白碳黑、岭土、轻质碳酸钙、滑石、蒙脱土或凸凹棒石、浮石、碎砖、海泡石或膨润土以及非吸附性钙质土或砂中的一种或多种。
本发明所描述的产物可以成品制剂形式提供，即组合物中各物质已经混合，组合物的成分也可以以单剂形式提供，使用前直接在桶或罐中按比例混合，然后稀释至所需的浓度。
本发明的杀菌组合物尤其适用于防治白粉病。本发明的组合物可以按普通的方法施用，如浇注、喷射、喷雾、撒粉、散布或发烟，其施用量随天气条件或作物状态变化。
本发明与现有技术相比，其优点是：1、组合物增效作用明显，防效与单剂相比显著提高；2、药效提高后，田间的有效成分用量下降，降低了生产和使用成本，减少了农药残留和环境污染；3、组合物由不同作用机制的有效成分组成，作用位点增加，有利于克服和延缓病菌抗药性的产生。
具体实施方式
本发明组合物对白粉病菌等具有明显的协同增效作用，而不仅仅是两种药剂作用的简单相加，这可从以下毒力测定实验的结果中很清楚地看出。
生物测定实例1：组合物对瓜类白粉病菌的室内毒力测定试验
试验对象为黄瓜白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)。
试验方法：参照《中华人民共和国农业行业标准NY/T 1156.11-2008》。选取生长势一致的盆栽两片真叶期黄瓜苗，用Potter喷雾塔在50PSI压力下喷雾，每盆5mL。每个药剂设置5个浓度梯度。24h后进行接种浓度为3×105个孢子/mL的黄瓜白粉病菌分生孢子悬浮液。以喷施等量清水的黄瓜苗为空白对照。接种后将黄瓜苗放入温室中培养。10d后，按照黄瓜白粉病的发病分级标准调查病情指数，并计算防治效果。
黄瓜白粉病病情分级标准：
0级：叶片无病斑；
1级：病斑面积占整个叶片的面积5％以下；
3级：病斑面积占整个叶片的面积的6％～10％；
5级：病斑面积占整个叶片面积的11％～25％；
7级：病斑面积占整个叶片面积的25％～50％；
9级：病斑面积占整个叶片面积的50％以上。
活性成分混合物的预期效力(即理论防治效果,％)使用Colby公式确定并与观察到的效力比较：
Colby公式：E＝X+Y-X*Y/100
E：当组合物中活性成分A使用浓度为a，活性成分B使用浓度为b时的组合物预期效力。
X：活性成分A使用剂量为a时的效力。
Y：活性成分B使用剂量为b时的效力。
当观察到的实际防治效果超过预期防效时说明混合物有增效作用。
毒力测定结果参见表1至表3。
表1 flutianil与嘧菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病菌的盆栽试验测定结果
表2 flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病菌的盆栽试验测定结果
表3 flutianil与肟菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病菌的盆栽试验测定结果
试验结果表明，flutianil与嘧菌酯或吡唑醚菌酯或肟菌酯在一定范围内复配防治黄瓜白粉病菌，具有增效作用。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，本发明用以下具体制剂实例进行说明，但本发明绝非限于这些例子。以下所述仅为本发明较好的实施例，仅仅用以解释本发明，并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
乳油实施例
将农药有效成分、乳化剂、溶剂按比例混合，在调制釜中混合搅拌，待完全溶解后，再把剩余的溶剂缓慢地加入，充分搅拌后得到均匀的油相，制成乳油产品。
实施例1、51％flutianil〃嘧菌酯乳油
flutianil 50％、嘧菌酯1％、农乳500号2％(乳化剂)、二甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
实施例2、31％flutianil〃嘧菌酯乳油
flutianil 30％、嘧菌酯1％、土温80 3％(乳化剂)、甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
实施例3、51％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯乳油
flutianil 50％、吡唑醚菌酯1％、农乳600号2％(乳化剂)、二甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
实施例4、31％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯乳油
flutianil 30％、吡唑醚菌酯1％、农乳1600号3％(乳化剂)、甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
实施例5、51％flutianil〃肟菌酯乳油
flutianil 50％、肟菌酯1％、农乳500号2％(乳化剂)、二甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
实施例6、31％flutianil〃肟菌酯乳油
flutianil 30％、肟菌酯1％、农乳1601号3％(乳化剂)、甲苯(溶剂)补充至100％。
微乳剂、水乳剂实施例
按各组分配比，将活性组分溶解在溶剂和助溶剂中，加入表面活性剂，混合均匀制得油相。将水溶性组分和水混合制得水相，再将油相加入水相中或水相加入油相中，边加边搅拌，制得微乳剂或水乳剂。
实施例7、5％flutianil〃嘧菌酯微乳剂
flutianil 2.5％、嘧菌酯2.5％、环己醇(溶剂)10％、农乳500号8％(乳化剂)、农乳600号5％(乳化剂)、农乳1600号5％(乳化剂)、月桂醇硫酸钠2％(湿润剂)、乙二醇5％(防冻剂)、水补充至100％
实施例8、11％flutianil〃嘧菌酯水乳剂
flutiani l0％、嘧菌酯1％、DMF(溶剂)5％、甲苯8％(溶剂)、甘油(防冻剂)5％、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚(乳化剂)10％、十二烷基苯磺酸钙(湿润剂)5％、水补充至100％
实施例9、5％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯微乳剂
flutianil 2.5％、吡唑醚菌酯2.5％、甲苯8％(溶剂)、农乳500号8％(乳化剂)、农乳600号5％(乳化剂)、农乳1600号5％(乳化剂)、月桂醇硫酸钠2％(湿润剂)、乙二醇5％(防冻剂)、水补充至100％
实施例10、11％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯水乳剂
flutianil 10％、吡唑醚菌酯1％、DMF(溶剂)5％、环己醇(溶剂)10％、甘油(防冻剂)5％、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚(乳化剂)10％、十二烷基苯磺酸钙(湿润剂)5％、水补充至100％
实施例11、5％flutianil〃肟菌酯微乳剂
flutianil 2.5％、肟菌酯2.5％、甲苯8％(溶剂)、农乳500号8％(乳化剂)、农乳600号5％(乳化剂)、农乳1600号5％(乳化剂)、月桂醇硫酸钠2％(湿润剂)、乙二醇5％(防冻剂)、水补充至100％
实施例12、11％flutianil〃肟菌酯水乳剂
flutianil0％、肟菌酯1％、DMF(溶剂)5％、环己醇(溶剂)10％、甘油(防冻剂)5％、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚(乳化剂)10％、十二烷基苯磺酸钙(湿润剂)5％、水补充至100％
悬乳剂实施例
将有效成分、分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和水等各组分按配方的比例混合均匀，经砂磨或高速剪切后得到半成品，分析后补加水混合均匀过滤即得悬浮剂。
先将固体有效成分制得稳定的浓悬浮液。利用高剪切混合器，将液体有效成分乳液相加入到悬浮液中，制得悬乳剂。
实施例13、31％flutianil〃嘧菌酯悬浮剂
flutianil 1％、嘧菌酯30％、木质素磺酸钠(分散剂)5％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚8％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
实施例14、51％flutianil〃嘧菌酯悬浮剂
flutianil 1％、嘧菌酯50％、木质素磺酸钙(分散剂)5％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚8％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
实施例15、31％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂
flutianil 1％、吡唑醚菌酯30％、木质素磺酸钙(分散剂)6％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚6％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
实施例16、51％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯悬乳剂
flutianil 1％、吡唑醚菌酯50％、木质素磺酸钠(分散剂)5％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚6％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
实施例17、31％flutianil〃肟菌酯悬浮剂
flutianil 1％、肟菌酯30％、木质素磺酸钙(分散剂)8％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚8％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
实施例18、51％flutianil〃肟菌酯悬浮剂
flutianil 1％、肟菌酯50％、木质素磺酸钠(分散剂)7％、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚8％(润湿剂)、丙二醇2％(防冻剂)、黄原胶1％(增稠剂)、有机硅2％(消泡剂)、水补充至100％
水分散粒剂实施例
将农药活性组分、助剂和填料按比例混合，经气流粉碎，然后加15-20％的水，经捏合、造粒、干燥、筛分制得水分散粒剂产品。主要设备：混合机、气流粉碎机、捏合机、挤压造粒机、干燥设备(烘房或流化床)。
实施例19、85％flutianil〃嘧菌酯水分散粒剂
flutianil 50％、嘧菌酯35％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2％(湿润剂)、木质素磺酸钠4％(分散剂)、硫酸铵2％(崩解剂)、高岭土(填料)至100％
实施例20、85％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯水分散粒剂
flutianil 50％、吡唑醚菌酯35％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2％(湿润剂)、木质素磺酸钠5％(分散剂)、硫酸铵3％(崩解剂)、白碳黑(填料)至100％
实施例21、85％flutianil〃肟菌酯水分散粒剂
flutianil 45％、肟菌酯40％、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2％(湿润剂)、木质素磺酸钠6％(分散剂)、硫酸铵2％(崩解剂)、滑石粉(填料)至100％
可湿性粉剂实施例
将农药活性组分、助剂、填料按比例混合经气流粉碎后再混合制得可湿性粉剂。主要设备：混合机、气流粉碎机。
实施例22、50％flutianil〃嘧菌酯可湿性粉剂
flutianil 15％、嘧菌酯35％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、高岭土(填料)至100％
实施例23、11％flutianil〃嘧菌酯可湿性粉剂
flutianil 1％、嘧菌酯10％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、滑石粉(填料)至100％
实施例24、50％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯可湿性粉剂
lutianil 10％、吡唑醚菌酯40％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、硅藻土(填料)至100％
实施例25、11％flutianil〃吡唑醚菌酯可湿性粉剂
flutianil 1％、吡唑醚菌酯10％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、高岭土(填料)至100％
实施例26、50％flutianil〃肟菌酯可湿性粉剂
flutianil 5％、肟菌酯45％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、硅藻土(填料)至100％
实施例27、11％flutianil〃肟菌酯可湿性粉剂
flutianil 1％、肟菌酯10％、月桂醇基硫酸钠4％(湿润剂)、烷基磺酸钠盐7％(分散剂)、白炭黑8％(填料)、滑石粉(填料)至100％
田间应用例1：flutianil与嘧菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点广东四会。试验药剂及用量见表4，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查黄瓜白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准：
0级：无病斑；
1级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的5％以下；
3级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的6％-15％；
5级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的16％-25％；
7级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的26％-50％；
9级：病斑面积占整个叶面积的50％以上。
药效计算方法：
从表4可以看出：flutianil、嘧菌酯单剂对黄瓜白粉病的防效分别为78.0％和73.9％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为87.7％，最高达到了92.4％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与嘧菌酯复配后对黄瓜白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果大幅提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表4 flutianil与嘧菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间试验结果
田间应用例2：flutianil与嘧菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点广东清远。试验药剂及用量见表5，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查草莓白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准和药效计算方法同田间应用例1。
从表5可以看出：flutianil、嘧菌酯单剂对草莓白粉病的防效分别为77.9％和75.6％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为86.3％，最高达到了91.9％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与嘧菌酯复配后对草莓白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果明显提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表5 flutianil与嘧菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间试验结果
田间应用例3：flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点广东肇庆。试验药剂及用量见表6，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查黄瓜白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准和药效计算方法同田间应用例1。
从表6可以看出：flutianil、吡唑醚菌酯单剂对黄瓜白粉病的防效分别为75.5％和72.4％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为86.2％，最高达到了90.1％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配后对黄瓜白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果大幅提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表6 flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间试验结果
田间应用例4：flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点湖南衡阳。试验药剂及用量见表7，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查草莓白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准和药效计算方法同田间应用例1。
从表7可以看出：flutianil、吡唑醚菌酯单剂对草莓白粉病的防效分别为77.9％和75.2％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为89.2％，最高达到了92.4％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配后对草莓白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果明显提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表7 flutianil与吡唑醚菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间试验结果
田间应用例5：flutianil与肟菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点广东增城。试验药剂及用量见表8，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查黄瓜白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准和药效计算方法同田间应用例1。
从表8可以看出：flutianil、肟菌酯单剂对黄瓜白粉病的防效分别为75.1％和72.2％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为84.4％，最高达到了87.8％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与肟菌酯复配后对黄瓜白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果大幅提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表8 flutianil与肟菌酯复配对黄瓜白粉病的田间试验结果
田间应用例6：flutianil与肟菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间药效试验
试验地点广东德庆。试验药剂及用量见表9，每处理4个小区重复，每个小区面积20平方米。在病害发生初期进行第一次施药，均匀喷雾，喷至叶片滴水为止，以清水处理为空白对照。7天后施第二次药。在第一次药前和第二次药后7天调查草莓白粉病的发病情况。每小区采用五点取样，每点调查两株，每株调查所有叶片，以病斑面积占整个叶面积的百分率来分级记载。计算各处理病情指数和防治效果。
分级标准和药效计算方法同田间应用例1。
从表9可以看出：flutianil、肟菌酯单剂对草莓白粉病的防效分别为78.7％和74.7％，而本发明实施例杀菌组合物在防效上均有显著提高，最低防效为89.6％，最高达到了93.7％。田间试验的结果充分表明，flutianil与肟菌酯复配后对草莓白粉病具有显著的协同增效作用，在有效成分用量较单剂减少的情况下，防治效果明显提高。因此，本发明组合物具有降低成本、延缓抗性、减少施药次数和农药残留的有益作用。
表9 flutianil与肟菌酯复配对草莓白粉病的田间试验结果
Claims (5)
1.一种含有flutianil的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：含有有效成分A和B，A为flutianil，B为选自嘧菌酯、吡唑醚菌酯和肟菌酯中的任意一种，A与B的质量比为1︰50～50︰1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：有效成分A与B的质量比为1︰30～30︰1。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：组合物中有效成分的累积质量百分含量为5％～85％。
4.根据权利要求3所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：剂型为乳油、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、可湿性粉剂或水分散粒剂。
5.权利要求1所述杀菌组合物在防治瓜果蔬菜白粉病上的应用。
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