CN108154781A - The purposes of elastic webbing/cloth and surgical operation model for training - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is for surgical operation model in the prior art,When carrying out surgical operation training operation,The feel that knife cuts skin can not be experienced,And simulated skin it is easily rupturable the technical issues of,The purposes of a kind of surgical operation model for training and elastic webbing/cloth is provided,This model includes body block,Body block includes simulated skin layer and at least one layer of soft bed course,Purposes is referred mainly to for the simulated skin as medical training model or simulation theca of rectus abdominis muscle,Using surgical operation model for training provided by the invention,When carrying out surgical procedures,Do not slide knife,Breach will not be generated,Have and the comparable operating handle of real skin feel during incision operation,It is and cheap,Material be easy to get to,Elastic band/cloth simulated skin layer is used to provide the cheap skin layer of price for simulation people,Be easy to get to,And easily production,Easily it is fixed in production with other organs,Therefore has big space to reduce the cost of medical lecture model and providing.

Description

Use of Elastic Bands/Cloth and Models for Surgical Training

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of a medical teaching model, in particular to a teaching model for surgical operation training and materials used therein.

Background technique

In the fields of medical teaching and scientific research, clinical practice and clinical operation training are often carried out. In order to avoid direct operation training on the human body, the usual practice is to use models for operation training. For example, the simulation skin suture model is used in the training of skin suture technology. The puncture model is used for puncture training. The existing training models use silica gel or rubber as the simulated skin layer, EVA resin, foam or sponge as the cushion layer, and the simulated skin layer is pasted on the cushion layer. Surgical training using the above materials and structures Using the model, the price of silica gel is high, and there is no sense of breakthrough when making incisions on the skin. When rubber is used as the simulated skin layer, it is smooth and difficult to insert needles and knives. .

In addition, when suprapubic cystostomy is performed, silicon capsules are placed on the simulated abdomen to simulate the bladder, which is relatively expensive and unfavorable for group teaching and simulated operations, and can only simulate needle insertion in the puncture training For the operation of bladder and catheterization, it is not possible to simulate the operation of cutting the skin with a knife, and it is not possible to carry out wound suturing training, let alone experience the breakthrough feeling of a sharp knife piercing the skin during the process of cutting the skin with a sharp knife, and it is impossible to train the surgical personnel to find the correct puncture. Therefore, the teaching process is incomplete and the teaching effect is not ideal. In other puncture teaching, such as percutaneous nephrostomy and peritoneal cavity puncture, water is added into the simulated puncture organ to imitate the effusion site for puncture operation, and there is no simulated skin incision operation, and the same teaching process does not Perfect, poor teaching effect.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the surgical model in the prior art uses silica gel and rubber as the simulated skin layer, and cannot experience the feeling of cutting the skin with a knife and the simulated skin is easy to break when performing surgical training operations, and provides A model for surgical operation training and the use of elastic band/cloth.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A model for surgical operation training, comprising a human body module, the human body module includes a simulated skin layer and at least one soft cushion layer, the simulated skin layer is arranged above the cushion layer, and the simulated skin layer is elastic Belt/cloth, the elastic belt/cloth is fixedly connected with the cushion layer; the cushion layer of each layer is one or more composite layers of foam plastic, EVA board or sponge; the cushion layer includes at least two upper and lower layers. layer, a resistance layer is arranged between the upper cushion layer and the lower cushion layer, and the resistance layer is an elastic belt/cloth fixedly connected with the lower cushion layer; it also includes a human body module fixing device, at least the simulated skin layer is carried out by the fixing device Support and/or fixation; the fixing device includes a cover plate with a through hole, the simulated skin layer is fixedly covered at the through hole of the cover plate, the cushion layer is opposite to the position of the through hole, and is located between the simulated skin layer and the cover Between the boards or below the cover plate; the fixing device also includes a box body provided with a cavity, the cover plate is covered on the box body; the box body is a microwave fast food box body, and the cover plate is a microwave fast food box cover; elastic The tape/cloth is one or a composite layer of two or more of ordinary elastic bands, self-adhesive elastic bandages, medical self-adhesive bandages, medical self-adhesive elastic bandages or elastic tape; surgical training models are for puncture training The model also includes a simulated puncture organ. The simulated puncture organ is arranged in the box body below the body module and is in contact with or fixedly connected with the lower surface of the body module.

The use of elastic band/cloth, the elastic band/cloth is one or two or more composite layers of ordinary elastic bandage, self-adhesive elastic bandage, medical self-adhesive bandage or elastic tape, used as a medical training model of simulated skin or simulated rectus anterior sheath.

Adopt the surgical operation training model provided by the present invention, owing to adopt elastic belt/cloth as simulated skin layer, elastic belt/cloth is arranged on cushion layer upper surface, elastic belt/cloth has good toughness and elasticity, and surface roughness is moderate, Therefore, when performing surgical operations, the knife will not slip, and no cracks will be generated. When performing incision operations, it has an operating feel comparable to that of real skin. It is cheap and easy to obtain materials. It can be made by the trainers at any time, and can be greatly improved Save the cost of operation training.

Among the further advantages, the imitation skin layer is fixed at least by the immobilization device. During the surgical operation, it is not necessary to use the other hand to fix the training model, and the other hand is freed for operation training, which is more similar to the real surgical operation process and feeling .

Furthermore, due to the use of elastic and tough elastic belt/cloth as the simulated skin layer, the simulated skin layer is fixedly arranged on the cover plate, and a through hole is arranged on the cover plate, and the simulated skin layer is arranged at the through hole. When using this When the model performs simulated suprapubic cystostomy training, it can simulate the operation steps of finding the suprapubic acupuncture position, so that the training steps are closer to the actual operation steps.

Further, the use of elastic band/cloth to simulate the skin layer provides a cheap skin layer for the simulator, which is easy to obtain, easy to produce, and easy to fix with other organs during production, thus providing a practical way to reduce the cost of medical teaching models. big space.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the model for puncture training of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the model for puncture training of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the surgical training model of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the model cover plate for surgical operation training of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the surgical training model of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the surgical training model of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs

1-simulated puncture organ; 3-fixation device; 4-cushion layer; 6-simulated skin layer; 7-through hole; 8-box body; 9-cover plate 10-resistance layer.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:

As shown in Figures 1-3, the surgical training model of the present invention at least includes a simulated skin layer 6 and at least one cushion layer 4, adopts elastic belt/cloth as the simulated skin layer, and adopts materials such as EVA plastics, sponges, foamed plastics, etc. As a cushion layer, the cushion layer is located under the simulated skin layer, and can be connected together by bonding, hot pressing, etc., or can be connected by contacting up and down. The cushion layer can be used as a simulated subcutaneous tissue layer, and the cushion layer can be one layer or It is multi-layer, and the cushion layers of each layer are fixed and connected as a whole. The human body module with this structure can be used as a suturing model for suturing and surgical practice, and can also be used on the puncture model as the surface layer of a simulated puncture organ. It can also be used to simulate the structure of the human body and cover the simulated human body.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, a resistance layer 10 can be set between the two layers of cushions, the resistance layer is arranged on the surface of the lower cushion, the resistance layer and the upper cushion can be fixedly connected, or can be connected in contact, and the resistance layer is an elastic band /cloth. This cushion layer provided with a resistance layer structure can be used in a bladder puncture model as a simulated abdominal wall layer, and the resistance layer is used as an anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle.

The elastic band/cloth can be an ordinary elastic band, a self-adhesive elastic bandage or an elastic tape, preferably a medical self-adhesive bandage, especially an orthopedic medical self-adhesive bandage.

Because the elastic belt/cloth has good elasticity and toughness, when using a scalpel to simulate skin incision, you can get the breakthrough feeling of the knife entering the skin and the texture of the knife piercing the skin, which is similar to the feeling of operating on real skin It is similar, and the knife edge is not easy to tear, especially when this model is used for puncture operations, the breakthrough feeling of the sharp knife entering the skin and the texture of scratching the skin are more realistic. The materials of the cushion layer 4 are all flexible materials such as EVA plastic, sponge, foam plastic, etc. The cushion layer and the elastic belt/cloth are integrated to form a structure with toughness on the surface and soft inner layer of elasticity. When layering, since foam plastic, EVA plastic, and sponge are relatively soft and have a certain hardness like the feel of fat, you can get the feel of piercing the skin and subcutaneous fat layer. When using this model for skin suture training, you can get The feel and texture of stitching on real human skin. Since the orthopedic medical self-adhesive bandage is elastic in the horizontal and vertical directions, it is more like the characteristics of the skin and feels more realistic in operation.

As shown in Figure 5-Figure 6, when using this model for bladder puncture training, a resistance layer is set under the upper cushion layer and above the lower cushion layer to simulate the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle, forming a simulated skin layer/simulated subcutaneous fat layer /Simulating the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle/The body module structure of simulating fat, the human body module with this structure is used in combination with the imitation puncture organ, not only can get the feeling of piercing the skin and subcutaneous fat but also can obtain the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle The sense of resistance can be obtained, and the sense of layering can also be obtained when the scalpel cuts through each layer of structure during the operation, so that the steps of the surgical training operation are closer to the real operation steps.

The human body module can be block-shaped, such as a rectangular block, a triangular block, a circular block, etc., and can also be arranged in the human body to adapt and match the shapes of the relevant organs of the human body.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, a fixing device can also be set to fix the human body module. The cushion layer can be fixed together with the simulated skin layer and then be fixed by the fixing device together with the simulated skin layer, such as the simulated skin layer is bonded to the simulated skin layer. For the upper surface of the subcutaneous tissue, the simulated skin layer and the simulated subcutaneous tissue are fixed on the chopping board by pins, and the edges of the simulated skin layer and the cushion layer and the chopping board edge can also be fixed by clips. The model for skin suture training can also use the support device and the clamping device to fix the simulated skin layer and the cushion layer, and the clamping device clamps the periphery of the simulated skin and the simulated subcutaneous tissue and fixes it on the support device. It is set on a simulated human body for suturing training. The human body module can also be arranged on the cover plate with holes for operation training, and the through hole is closed by the human body module. Each layer of the human body module can be arranged above the cover plate, or at least one layer can be arranged above the cover plate , and the rest of the layers are disposed under the board or within the vias.

When this model is used for bladder puncture training, it is preferable to arrange the simulated skin layer on the cover plate 9 with the through hole 7, the simulated skin layer is covered on the through hole of the cover plate, and is bonded and fixedly connected with the cover plate. The layer can be located under the cover plate, or between the cover plate and the simulated skin layer, but it needs to be opposite to the position of the through hole to cover the through hole, or the upper cushion layer is located between the cover plate and the simulated skin layer, and the lower cushion layer is located on the cover plate Below, it can also be that the upper cushion and the lower cushion are all located above the cover plate or below the cover plate; the diameter of the through hole 7 is preferably 5-6cm, and the cover plate is preferably a hard material. The model adopting this structure, due to The cover plate is relatively hard, and there is a through hole 7 on it. The diameter of the through hole 7 is 5-6cm, and the radius of 2.5-3cm is the commonly used suprapubic bladder puncture point, so it can be simulated by this model The operation of finding the position on the pubic bone can be trained, and the operation of disinfecting the operation site can also be simulated, so that the puncture model can simulate the complete operation steps. It is also possible to set the box body and the cover plate to cooperate. The box body is provided with an inner cavity, and the cover plate is used as a lid to cover the box body. It can be fixed on the box body by threaded connection, or it can be buckled on the box body. The human body module can be further fixed for convenient operation. The simulated bladder can be arranged in the cavity, and the simulated skin layer, the upper cushion layer, the lower cushion layer, and the simulated bladder are arranged in sequence, and are pressed together by the cover body.

Supports can also be provided to fix and support the cover plate 9 .

Preferably, the box body is a microwave fast food box, and the cover plate is a microwave fast food box cover. The surgical operation model using this material and structure is convenient, simple, cheap, easy to assemble, can be used repeatedly, can greatly increase the number of actual operations of the trainees, and can perform surgical operations at any time and the operation steps can be compared with The operation steps of the actual operation maintain a fairly high consistency.

It is also possible to directly arrange the simulated skin layer and cushion layer above the simulated puncture organ.

The surgical training model of the present invention can be used for skin suture operation training, bladder puncture model, and simulation training of percutaneous nephrotomy and paracentesis. The simulated puncture organ can be simulated bladder, simulated kidney, or simulated abdominal cavity.

In the present invention, the adhesive tape/cloth is used as a simulated skin layer for the first time, which is not only suitable for simulated skin for surgical training, but also can be used as simulated human skin for medical teaching and training. The elastic band/cloth also acts as an anterior sheath to simulate the rectus abdominis.

Claims (10)

1. A model for surgical operation training, characterized in that it comprises a human body module, and the human body module includes a simulated skin layer and at least one soft cushion layer, and the simulated skin layer is arranged above the cushion layer, so The simulated skin layer is an elastic belt/cloth, and the elastic belt/cloth is fixedly connected with the cushion layer. 2. The model for surgical operation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cushion layer (4) of each layer is one or more composite layers of foam plastic, EVA board or sponge. 3. The model for surgical operation training as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cushion layer comprises at least two layers up and down, and a resistance layer is arranged between the upper layer cushion layer and the lower floor cushion layer, and the resistance layer is an elastic band /cloth, fixedly connected with the lower cushion. 4. The model for surgical operation training according to claim 1 or 3, further comprising a human body module fixing device, at least the simulated skin layer is supported and/or fixed by the fixing device. 5. The model for surgical operation training according to claim 4, characterized in that, the fixing device includes a cover plate provided with a through hole (7), and the simulated skin layer (6) is fixedly covered on the through hole of the cover plate , the cushion layer is opposite to the through hole, and is located between the simulated skin layer and the cover plate or under the cover plate. 6 . The model for surgical operation training according to claim 4 , wherein the fixing device further comprises a box body provided with a cavity, and the cover plate covers the box body. 7 . 7. The model for surgical operation training according to claim 6, characterized in that the box body is a microwave oven snack box box body, and the cover plate is a microwave oven snack box lid. 8. The model for surgical operation training as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, said elastic band/cloth is one of ordinary elastic band, self-adhesive elastic bandage, medical self-adhesive bandage, medical self-adhesive elastic bandage or elastic adhesive plaster One or two or more composite layers. 9. The model for surgical operation training according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, the model for surgical operation training is a model for puncture training, and also includes a simulated puncture organ, and the simulated puncture organ is arranged in the box body and is located at The lower part of the human body module is in contact with or fixedly connected with the lower surface of the human body module. 10. The purposes of elastic tape/cloth, it is characterized in that, described elastic tape/cloth is one or two or more composite layers in ordinary elastic bandage, self-adhesive elastic bandage, medical self-adhesive bandage or elastic tape , used as a simulated skin or simulated rectus abdominis anterior sheath as a medical training model.