CN108087584B - Fluid reversing structure and gas-liquid impact mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluid reversing structure and a gas-liquid impact mechanism, and relates to the technical field of fluid transmission. The fluid reversing structure includes a base cylinder, a seal, a piston rod body and a control valve body. The piston rod body is slidably disposed in the stroke cavity along the direction from the first end to the second end. The control valve body is slidably disposed in the control cavity along the direction from the first end to the second end. The control valve body has a conductive control cavity by sliding in the control cavity, so that the air inlet channel enters the pressure space through the control cavity, connects the first pressure port, and the exhaust channel is in a natural state of conduction with the control channel and cuts off the control space. The cavity blocks the air inlet channel from the pressurizing space, and blocks the exhaust channel from the control channel, causing the air inlet channel to pass through the control cavity and enter a compressed state where the control channel is connected to the second pressure port. The reversing structure is simple in structure and does not require an external reversing mechanism or dual inlet and outlet oil circuits.

Description

A fluid reversing structure and a gas-liquid impact mechanism

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of fluid transmission technology, and specifically, to a fluid reversing structure and a gas-liquid impact mechanism.

Background technique

Impactor, a basic equipment required for drilling projects, is generally divided into two types:

Hydraulic impactor, also known as hydraulic impact rotary drilling tool, hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, hydraulic hammer. It uses drilling flushing fluid and hydraulic oil as the power medium and uses high-pressure fluid flow energy and dynamic water hammer energy to generate continuous impact loads at the bottom of the hole. It is usually directly connected to the upper part of the drilling tool and transmits continuous impact load to the drill bit while rotary drilling, so that the drill bit breaks the rock in two ways: rotary cutting and impact. It is used in geological drilling and engineering construction, and is especially suitable for use in hard, broken rock formations and medium-hard coarse-grained heterogeneous rock formations.

Pneumatic impactor, also known as pneumatic impactor and pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. It uses compressed air as the power medium and uses the energy of compressed air to generate continuous impact load at the bottom of the hole. Compressed air can also be used as a hole cleaning medium. Pneumatic impactors are divided into high air pressure and low air pressure, valve type and valveless type. Usually the pneumatic impactor is directly connected to the carbide cylindrical drill bit to break the rock by impact, and the low-speed rotation does not require coring for comprehensive drilling. It is mainly used in hydrological water well drilling, coreless geological drilling, geological disaster prevention and control engineering, and mining rock drilling. Features of existing impactors: (1) pressure works, spring reset, (2) pressure reset, spring force works, (3) pressure reset, relies on the weight of the piston to fall to generate impact force, (4) external reversing mechanism, defects (1) The impact force is small, and a large part of the impact force is offset by the reverse force. (2) The impact stroke is long, the energy consumption is high, and the overall size is large. (3) The external reversing mechanism is large and has a complex structure. It cannot be used as a bottom drilling tool. (4) The impact force of the piston's own weight is small and the efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The first object of the present invention is to provide a fluid reversing structure that can be used in the fields of drilling and engineering. The fluid reversing structure has a simple structure and does not require an external reversing mechanism and a two-way air or liquid supply. , can effectively save energy.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid impact mechanism. The gas-liquid impact mechanism has the above-mentioned fluid reversing structure and can effectively save energy. It does not need an external energy storage mechanism to generate impact force by gas-liquid pressure in both directions, and there is no pressure. losses and operate efficiently.

The embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:

A fluid reversing structure, including:

The base cylinder has an opposite first end and a second end. The interior of the base cylinder has a stroke cavity. The first end has an air inlet connected to the stroke cavity, and the second end has an exhaust port connected to the stroke cavity. ;

a seal located within the stroke cavity and between the first end and the second end;

The piston rod body has a pressure end and an output end. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body is in sealing contact with the seal. The interior of the piston rod body has a control cavity and a control channel. The piston rod body can slide in the direction from the first end to the second end. is disposed in the stroke cavity. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body, the base cylinder and the seal jointly define the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel. The pressure end and the first end jointly define the pressure space.

The air inlet channel is connected to the pressure application space through the control cavity, and the exhaust channel is connected to the control channel from the exhaust port through the control cavity. The pressure end has a first pressure port connected to the control cavity. A pressure port is located in the air inlet channel, the output end has a second pressure port connected to the control cavity, and the second pressure port is located in the exhaust channel;

a control valve body, which is slidably disposed in the control cavity along the direction from the first end to the second end;

The control valve body, by sliding in the control cavity, has:

The control cavity is connected so that the air inlet channel enters the pressure space through the control cavity and is connected to the first pressure port and the exhaust channel is in a natural state of communication with the control channel;

Cutting off the control cavity causes the air inlet channel to be cut off from the pressurizing space, and the exhaust channel is cut off from the control channel, causing the air inlet channel to pass through the control cavity and enter a compressed state where the control channel is connected to the second pressure applying port;

When the control valve body is in its natural state, the air pressure in the air inlet channel acts on the pressure end, causing the piston rod body to move in the direction from the first end to the second end. The air pressure in the air channel acts on the control valve body through the first pressure port, causing the control valve body to convert from a natural state to a compressed state;

When the control valve body is in the compressed state, the air pressure in the air inlet passage acts on the control valve body through the second pressure port, causing the control valve body to transform from the compressed state to the natural state and push the piston rod body along the edge through the sliding movement of the control valve body. Movement in the direction from the second end to the first end.

The inventor designed the above-mentioned fluid reversing structure, which is used in drilling engineering. The fluid reversing structure has a simple structure and can effectively save energy. The fluid reversing structure is suitable for both pneumatic and hydraulic pressure transmission modes. , specifically, the fluid reversing structure includes a base cylinder, a seal, a piston rod body and a control valve body, wherein the control valve body is slidably disposed in the control cavity of the piston rod body, and the piston rod body is slidably disposed in the base cylinder. In the stroke cavity, the outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body, the base cylinder and the seal jointly define the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel. The pressure end of the piston rod body is separated from the first end and jointly define the pressure space. The air inlet channel is connected to the air inlet and is connected to the pressure space through the control cavity. The exhaust channel is connected to the exhaust port and is connected to the control channel of the piston rod body through the control cavity. Discharging hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure into the air inlet can cause the hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure to push the pressure end, causing the piston rod body to move in the direction from the first end to the second end. In order to make the piston rod reciprocate and ensure the unity of driving energy, that is, only use hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure, a control valve body is set. When the piston rod body descends to the maximum position and abuts the second end, hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure acts on the control valve body. , causing the control valve body to change from the natural state to cutting off the control cavity, cutting off the air inlet channel and the pressure space, and cutting off the exhaust channel and the control channel, causing the air inlet channel to enter the control channel through the control cavity and connect to the second pressure port. In the compressed state, hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure is continued to be provided, and the hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure acts on the control valve body through the second pressure port, causing the control valve body to slide in the direction from the second end to the first end, and it moves from the compressed state to the control air. The cavity allows the air inlet passage to enter the pressure space through the control cavity to communicate with the first pressure port and the exhaust passage to the control passage in a natural state, and through further sliding of the control valve body, the piston rod body is pushed along the second end to the third Move one end in one direction and return to the initial position. By providing hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, the piston rod body and the control valve body slide, so that the piston rod body can reciprocate under the action of a single energy source to complete the drilling operation. The fluid reversing structure has a simple structure, does not require an external reversing mechanism, a two-way supply of air or liquid, does not require a double inlet and outlet oil circuit, and can effectively save energy.

In an embodiment of the invention:

Two ends of the control valve body in the direction from the first end to the second end are respectively connected to the pressure end and the output end through the first elastic member and the second elastic member;

There is a gap between the opposite ends of the control valve body and the first pressure port and the second pressure port respectively;

The control valve body is in a natural state under the joint action of the first elastic member and the second elastic member.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The first elastic member is a spring, and the second elastic member is a spring.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The valve body control cover is located in the control cavity, and the valve body control cover has opposite connecting ends and abutting ends;

The opposite ends of the first elastic member are connected to the control valve body and the connecting end respectively;

The abutting end is configured to abut and seal the first pressure port and to abut against the first end through the first pressure port, so that there is a gap between the piston rod body and the first end.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body is sequentially provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and a fourth through hole that penetrate the control cavity in the direction from the first end to the second end;

The first through hole connects the air inlet channel and the pressure space, the second through hole connects the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel, the third through hole connects the air inlet channel and the control channel, and the fourth through hole connects the control channel and the exhaust channel;

When the control valve body is in a natural state, the control valve body conducts the first through hole, blocks the second through hole, blocks the third through hole, and conducts the fourth through hole;

When the control valve body is in a compressed state, the control valve body blocks the first through hole, conducts the second through hole, conducts the third through hole, and blocks the fourth through hole.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The outer peripheral wall of the control valve body is sequentially provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove, a third annular groove and a fourth annular groove in the direction from the first end to the second end;

The first annular groove is used to conduct the first through hole, the second annular groove is used to conduct the second through hole, the third annular groove is used to conduct the third through hole, and the fourth annular groove is used to conduct the fourth through hole. hole.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The air inlet is an arc-shaped hole opened at the first end.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The seal is a sealing ring.

In an embodiment of the invention:

The exhaust port is a plurality of arc-shaped holes arranged at intervals around the center of the second end.

A gas-liquid impact mechanism, the gas-liquid impact mechanism has an impact head and any one of the above fluid reversing structures;

The air inlet is configured to communicate with a pressure pump that delivers pressure to the air inlet;

The impact head passes through the second end and is connected to the output end.

The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

The invention provides a fluid reversing structure, which is used in the fields of drilling and engineering. The fluid reversing structure has a simple structure, does not require an external reversing mechanism and a two-way supply of air or liquid, and can effectively save money. energy.

The invention provides a gas-liquid impact mechanism. The gas-liquid impact mechanism has the above-mentioned fluid reversing structure and can effectively save energy. It does not need an external energy storage mechanism to generate impact force by gas-liquid pressure in both directions, has no pressure loss and operates efficiently.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reversing structure from a first perspective in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reversing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a second perspective;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reversing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a third perspective;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reversing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a fourth perspective;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the fluid reversing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a fifth perspective;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of VI in Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first end in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the second end in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Icon: 10-fluid reversing structure; 11-base cylinder; 12-seal; 13-piston rod body; 14-control valve body; 15-first elastic member; 16-second elastic member; 17-valve body control cover ; 21-first through hole; 22-second through hole; 23-third through hole; 24-fourth through hole; 31-first annular groove; 32-second annular groove; 33-third annular groove; 34-The fourth annular groove; 61-the first pressure port; 62-the second pressure port; 70-pressure space; 81-air inlet channel; 82-exhaust channel; 91-air inlet; 92-exhaust Air port; 93-control channel; 130-pressure end; 131-output end; 170-resistance end.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather to represent selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or is the customary placement when the product of the invention is used. The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to differentiate descriptions and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integrated connection; it can be mechanical connection, direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal connection between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the first feature being above or below the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features not being in direct contact. is through additional characteristic contact between them. Furthermore, the first feature on, above and above the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher level than the second feature. The first feature below, below and below the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.

It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a fluid reversing structure 10, which is used in drilling engineering. The fluid reversing structure 10 has a simple structure and can effectively save energy.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows the specific structure of the fluid reversing structure 10 in this embodiment from a first perspective.

The fluid reversing structure 10 is suitable for both pneumatic and hydraulic pressure transmission modes. Specifically, the fluid reversing structure 10 includes a base cylinder 11 , a seal 12 , a piston rod body 13 and a control valve body 14 .

The base cylinder 11 has an opposite first end and a second end. The base cylinder 11 has a stroke cavity inside. The first end has an air inlet 91 connected to the stroke cavity, and the second end has an exhaust port connected to the stroke cavity. 92.

Seal 12 is located within the stroke cavity between the first and second ends. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the sealing member 12 is a sealing ring installed in the stroke cavity.

The piston rod body 13 has a pressure end 130 and an output end 131. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body 13 is in sealing contact with the seal 12. The interior of the piston rod body 13 has a control cavity and a control channel 93. The piston rod body 13 extends from the first end to the second end. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body 13, the base cylinder 11 and the seal 12 jointly define the air inlet channel 81 and the exhaust channel 82. The pressure end 130 and the first end jointly define the pressure end. Pressure space 70, the air inlet channel 81 is connected to the air inlet 91 and is connected to the pressure space 70 through the control cavity, the exhaust channel 82 is connected to the exhaust port 92 and is conducted to the control channel 93 through the control cavity, the pressure end 130 It has a first pressure port 61 connected to the control cavity. The first pressure port 61 is located in the air inlet channel 81. The output end 131 has a second pressure port 62 connected to the control cavity. The second pressure port 62 is located in the control cavity. In channel 93.

The control valve body 14 is slidably disposed in the control cavity along the direction from the first end to the second end.

The control valve body 14 has: by sliding in the control cavity:

The control cavity is connected to a natural state in which the air inlet channel 81 enters the pressure applying space 70 through the control cavity and is connected to the first pressure applying port 61 and the exhaust channel 82 is connected to the control channel 93. It should be explained that the natural state Refers to the state in which the air inlet channel 81 enters the pressure applying space 70 through the control cavity and is connected to the first pressure applying port 61, and the exhaust channel 82 is connected to the control channel 93.

Cutting off the control cavity causes the air inlet channel 81 to be cut off from the pressurizing space 70 , and the exhaust channel 82 is cut off from the control channel 93 , causing the air inlet channel 81 to pass through the control cavity and enter the compressed state where the control channel 93 is connected to the second pressure applying port 62 .

Please refer to Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5 in conjunction with Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the specific structure of the fluid reversing structure 10 in this embodiment from a second perspective. Figure 3 shows the specific structure of the fluid reversing structure 10 in this embodiment. The specific structure of the fluid reversing structure 10 from a third perspective. Figure 4 shows the specific structure of the fluid reversing structure 10 in this embodiment from a fourth perspective. Figure 5 shows the fluid reversing structure in this embodiment. 10 in the fifth perspective. Figures 1 to 5 show the schematic working process of the fluid reversing structure 10 when it is in a non-working state and is affected by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. The direction of the arrow is the gas flow direction (or liquid flow direction). Among them, Figure 1 shows the fluid reversing structure 10 in a non-working state, Figure 2 shows the state when the piston rod body 13 descends to the maximum distance after being pressurized, and Figure 3 shows the control valve body 14 completing the fluid change from the natural state to the compressed state. The state of each channel in the structure 10, Figure 4 and Figure 5, shows the state when the control valve body 14 is pressed to push the piston rod body 13 upward to the point where it is not working.

When the control valve body 14 is in a natural state (as shown in Figure 1), the air pressure (or hydraulic pressure, in the following the air pressure can also be replaced by hydraulic pressure) in the air inlet passage 81 acts on the pressure end 130, so that the piston rod body 13 moves along the first When the piston rod body 13 abuts against the second end, the air pressure (or hydraulic pressure) in the air inlet passage 81 acts on the control valve body through the first pressure port 61 14, so that the control valve body 14 switches from the natural state to the compressed state (as shown in Figure 3).

When the control valve body 14 is in the compressed state (as shown in Figure 3), the air pressure in the air inlet passage 81 acts on the control valve body 14 through the second pressure port 62 (as shown in Figure 4), so that the control valve body 14 changes from the compressed state to the compressed state. Switch to the natural state and push the piston rod body 13 to move in the direction from the second end to the first end through the sliding of the control valve body 14 (as shown in Figure 5).

Specifically, both ends of the control valve body 14 in the direction from the first end to the second end are respectively connected to the pressure end 130 and the output end 131 through the first elastic member 15 and the second elastic member 16 . There are gaps between the opposite ends of the control valve body 14 and the first pressure port 61 and the second pressure port 62 respectively, which facilitates the entry of gas or liquid. The control valve body 14 is in a natural state under the joint action of the first elastic member 15 and the second elastic member 16 . In this embodiment, the first elastic member 15 is a spring, and the second elastic member 16 is a spring.

Further, in order to ensure that the control valve body 14 can smoothly switch between the compressed state and the natural state under the condition that the piston rod body 13 operates smoothly, a valve body control cover 17 is also provided. Please refer to Figure 6. Figure 6 is the diagram in Figure 4. Magnified view of point VI.

The valve body control cover 17 is located in the control cavity, and the valve body control cover 17 has opposite connection ends and abutment ends 170 .

The opposite ends of the first elastic member 15 are respectively connected to the control valve body 14 and the connecting end.

The abutting end 170 is configured to abut and seal the first pressure port 61 and to abut against the first end through the first pressure port 61 so that there is a gap between the piston rod body 13 and the first end. Specifically, through the valve body The elastic resistance of the control cover 17 enables the air pressure to push the valve body control cover 17 to act on the control valve body 14 after pushing the piston rod body 13. When the control valve body 14 switches from the compressed state to the natural state, the valve body control cover 17 resists Lean and support on the pressure end 130.

Specifically, please refer again to Figures 1 and 3.

The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body 13 is sequentially provided with a first through hole 21 , a second through hole 22 , a third through hole 23 and a fourth through hole 24 that penetrate the control cavity in the direction from the first end to the second end.

The first through hole 21 connects the air intake channel 81 and the pressure space 70 , the second through hole 22 connects the air intake channel 81 and the exhaust channel 82 , the third through hole 23 connects the air intake channel 81 and the control channel 93 , and the fourth through hole 23 connects the air intake channel 81 and the control channel 93 . The hole 24 communicates with the control channel 93 and the exhaust channel 82 .

When the control valve body 14 is in a natural state, the control valve body 14 conducts the first through hole 21 , blocks the second through hole 22 , blocks the third through hole 23 , and conducts the fourth through hole 24 .

When the control valve body 14 is in a compressed state, the control valve body 14 blocks the first through hole 21 , conducts the second through hole 22 , conducts the third through hole 23 , and blocks the fourth through hole 24 .

The outer peripheral wall of the control valve body 14 is sequentially provided with a first annular groove 31 , a second annular groove 32 , a third annular groove 33 and a fourth annular groove 34 in the direction from the first end to the second end.

The first annular groove 31 is used to conduct the first through hole 21 , the second annular groove 32 is used to conduct the second through hole 22 , the third annular groove 33 is used to conduct the third through hole 23 , and the fourth annular groove 34 used to conduct the fourth through hole 24 .

Please refer to Figures 7 and 8. Figure 7 shows the specific structure of the end face of the first end in this embodiment. Figure 8 shows the specific structure of the end surface of the second end in this embodiment.

The air inlet 91 is an arc-shaped hole opened at the first end. The exhaust port 92 is a plurality of arc-shaped holes arranged at intervals around the center of the second end.

The inventor has designed the above-mentioned fluid reversing structure 10. The fluid reversing structure 10 is used in drilling engineering. The fluid reversing structure 10 has a simple structure and can effectively save energy. The fluid reversing structure 10 is suitable for both pneumatic and hydraulic pressure. A pressure transmission mode, specifically, the fluid reversing structure 10 includes a base cylinder 11, a seal 12, a piston rod body 13 and a control valve body 14, wherein the control valve body 14 is slidably disposed in the control cavity of the piston rod body 13 , the piston rod body 13 is slidably disposed in the stroke cavity of the base cylinder 11. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body 13, the base cylinder 11 and the seal 12 jointly define the air inlet channel 81 and the exhaust channel 82. The pressure of the piston rod body 13 The end 130 is spaced apart from the first end and together defines a pressure space 70 . The air inlet channel 81 is connected to the air inlet 91 and communicated with the pressure space 70 through the control cavity. The exhaust channel 82 is connected to the exhaust port 92 and is connected to the control channel 93 of the piston rod body 13 through the control cavity. Discharging hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure into the air inlet 91 can cause the hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure to push the pressure end 130 so that the piston rod body 13 moves in the direction from the first end to the second end. In order to make the piston rod body 13 reciprocate and ensure the unity of driving energy, that is, only use hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure, a control valve body 14 is provided. When the piston rod body 13 descends to the maximum position and abuts the second end, the hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure acts on Control the valve body 14 so that the control valve body 14 changes from the natural state to cutting off the control cavity so that the air inlet channel 81 is cut off from the pressure space 70, and the exhaust channel 82 is cut off from the control channel 93, causing the air inlet channel 81 to pass through the control cavity. Enter the compression state where the control channel 93 is connected to the second pressure port 62 to continue to provide hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. The hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure acts on the control valve body 14 through the second pressure port 62, so that the control valve body 14 moves along the second end toward the third end. One end slides in the direction from the compressed state to the control cavity, so that the air inlet channel 81 enters the pressurizing space 70 through the control cavity and is connected to the first pressure port 61 and the exhaust channel 82 is naturally connected to the control channel 93. state, and by controlling further sliding of the valve body 14, the piston rod body 13 is pushed to move in the direction from the second end to the first end and return to the initial position. By providing hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, the piston rod body 13 cooperates with the sliding movement of the control valve body 14, so that the piston rod body 13 can reciprocate under the action of a single energy source to complete the drilling operation. The fluid reversing structure 10 has a simple structure, does not require an external reversing mechanism, a two-way supply of air or liquid, does not require a double inlet and outlet oil circuit, and can effectively save energy.

It should be noted that this embodiment also provides a gas-liquid impact mechanism. The gas-liquid impact mechanism has an impact head and the fluid reversing structure 10 provided above. The air inlet 91 is configured to communicate with a pressure pump, and the pressure pump supplies The air inlet 91 delivers pressure, and the impact head passes through the second end and is connected to the output end 131 . The gas-liquid impact mechanism has the above-mentioned fluid reversing structure 10, which can effectively save energy and operate efficiently. This gas-liquid impact mechanism does not require an external energy storage mechanism to generate impact force by gas-liquid pressure in both directions. There is no pressure loss, the gas (liquid) consumption is lower than similar products, and the impact force is greater.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A fluid reversing structure, characterized in that it includes: A base cylinder, the base cylinder has an opposite first end and a second end, the interior of the base cylinder has a stroke cavity, the first end has an air inlet connected to the stroke cavity, and the second end The end has an exhaust port connected to the stroke cavity; a seal located within the stroke cavity and between the first end and the second end; The piston rod body has a pressure end and an output end. The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body is in sealing contact with the seal. The interior of the piston rod body has a control cavity and a control channel. The piston rod body is arranged along the The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body, the base barrel and the seal jointly define an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel. , the pressure end and the first end jointly define a pressure space, the air inlet channel is connected to the air inlet and is connected to the pressure space through the control cavity, and the exhaust channel is connected The exhaust port is connected to the control channel through the control cavity. The pressure end has a first pressure port connected to the control cavity. The first pressure port is located on the inlet. In the air channel, the output end has a second pressure port connected to the control cavity, and the second pressure port is located in the control channel; a control valve body slidably disposed in the control cavity in the direction from the first end to the second end; The control valve body slides in the control cavity and has: Connecting the control cavity allows the air inlet channel to pass through the control cavity and enter the natural state in which the pressure space is connected to the first pressure port and the exhaust channel is connected to the control channel; Cutting off the control cavity causes the air inlet channel to be cut off from the pressurizing space, and the exhaust channel is cut off from the control channel, causing the air inlet channel to enter the control channel through the control cavity and connect the The compression state of the second pressure port; When the control valve body is in the natural state, the air pressure in the air inlet passage acts on the pressure end, causing the piston rod body to move in the direction from the first end to the second end. , when the piston rod body abuts the second end, the air pressure located in the air inlet passage acts on the control valve body through the first pressure port, so that the control valve body is moved by the The transition from a natural state to said oppressive state; When the control valve body is in the compressed state, the air pressure in the air inlet passage acts on the control valve body through the second pressure port, so that the control valve body moves from the compressed state to the compressed state. The natural state is converted and the sliding movement of the control valve body pushes the piston rod body to move in the direction from the second end to the first end; Two ends of the control valve body in the direction from the first end to the second end are respectively connected to the pressure end and the output end through a first elastic member and a second elastic member; There is a gap between the two opposite ends of the control valve body and the first pressure port and the second pressure port respectively; The control valve body is in the natural state under the joint action of the first elastic member and the second elastic member; The outer peripheral wall of the piston rod body is sequentially provided with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole and a fourth through hole penetrating the control cavity in the direction from the first end to the second end. ; The first through hole communicates with the air inlet channel and the pressure space, the second through hole communicates with the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel, and the third through hole communicates with the air inlet channel and the control channel, the fourth through hole connecting the control channel and the exhaust channel; When the control valve body is in the natural state, the control valve body conducts the first through hole, blocks the second through hole, blocks the third through hole, and conducts the fourth through hole. hole; When the control valve body is in the compressed state, the control valve body blocks the first through hole, conducts the second through hole, conducts the third through hole, and blocks the fourth through hole. hole; the outer peripheral wall of the control valve body is provided with a first annular groove, a second annular groove, a third annular groove and a fourth annular groove in sequence along the direction from the first end to the second end; The first annular groove is used to conduct the first through hole, the second annular groove is used to conduct the second through hole, and the third annular groove is used to conduct the third through hole. , the fourth annular groove is used to conduct the fourth through hole. 2. The fluid reversing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first elastic member is a spring, and the second elastic member is a spring. 3. The fluid reversing structure according to claim 1, further comprising: a valve body control cover located in the control cavity, the valve body control cover having opposite connection ends and abutment ends; The opposite ends of the first elastic member are connected to the control valve body and the connecting end respectively; The abutting end is configured to abut and seal the first pressure port and abut against the first end through the first pressure port, so that the piston rod body and the first end have a gap. 4. The reversing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet is an arc-shaped hole opened at the first end. 5. The fluid reversing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing member is a sealing ring. 6. The fluid reversing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust port is a plurality of arc-shaped holes arranged at intervals around the center of the second end. 7. A gas-liquid impact mechanism, characterized by: The gas-liquid impact mechanism has an impact head and the fluid reversing structure described in any one of claims 1-6; the air inlet is configured to communicate with a pressure pump that delivers pressure to the air inlet; The impact head penetrates the second end and is connected to the output end.