CN107794351A - A kind of middle low temperature oil bath tempering equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment, which includes a furnace body, a vacuum protection atmosphere system, a hot oil circulation system, and a cold oil circulation system. A vacuum pump connected to the internal cavity and a steel cylinder for storing inert gas, the steel cylinder is connected to the three-way gas pipe; the thermal oil circulation system includes a thermal oil tank, a first thermal oil pump, a heater and a thermal oil circulation pipeline connected to the furnace body at both ends, the thermal oil The tank, the first hot oil pump, and the heater are sequentially connected to the hot oil circulation pipeline; the cold oil circulation system includes the second hot oil pump, the cold oil tank and the cold oil circulation pipeline connected to the furnace body at both ends, the second hot oil pump and the cold The oil tanks are all connected to the cold oil circulation pipeline. By heating and keeping the tempering oil under completely sealed conditions, the aging of the tempering oil due to oxidation due to contact with air is eliminated, and the oil fume is eliminated at the same time, and a higher tempering temperature can be obtained. At the same time, the tempering is completed After processing.

Description

A medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment

technical field

The invention belongs to the equipment used for medium and low temperature tempering treatment of parts in the metal heat treatment industry.

Background technique

Tempering is a heat treatment process in which the quenched workpiece is heated to an appropriate temperature below the critical point AC1 for a certain period of time, and then cooled by a method that meets the requirements to obtain the required structure and properties.

When implementing the tempering process, a variety of tempering equipment can be used. According to different heating sources, there are electric heating and gas heating tempering furnaces; according to different equipment structures, there are box type tempering furnaces, well type tempering furnaces, etc.; according to different workpiece transmission methods, there are mesh belt type tempering furnaces, trolley type tempering furnaces, etc. ; and according to the "heat transfer medium", there are air tempering furnaces, atmosphere tempering furnaces, salt bath tempering furnaces, oil bath tempering furnaces, vacuum tempering furnaces, etc. Among them, the air and atmosphere tempering furnace transfer the heat of the heating source to the workpiece through gas convection, and there is a problem of uneven temperature due to uneven gas flow; vacuum tempering transfers heat through heat radiation, and is generally used for medium and high temperature tempering above 400°C. Fire, low temperature tempering poor temperature uniformity, low efficiency. The salt bath and oil bath tempering furnaces use liquid as the heat transfer medium, and each workpiece is in direct contact with the liquid substance. Therefore, the temperature uniformity of the salt bath and oil bath tempering is high, and the consistency and stability of the workpiece quality are good. Among them, the salt bath can be used for medium and high temperature tempering, while the oil bath is often used for low temperature tempering.

However, chemical raw materials such as nitrate and nitrite are usually used in salt bath tempering, which has a great destructive effect on the environment. Therefore, it is currently only used in important fields such as military industry, and has been banned or restricted in general manufacturing. However, when the oil bath is tempered, there are problems such as low tempering temperature, short service life of the oil bath, and poor working environment due to oil fume leakage. The root cause of the above problems is that in the current technology, the tempering oil and air are in contact with each other, and at a certain temperature, the tempering oil reacts with oxygen, resulting in soot, oil carbonization, aging, etc.

Some of the new tempering equipment proposed at present mostly focus on the improvement of the structure. For example, the patent application number 2010102014547 discloses a mesh-belt hot blast tempering furnace equipped with a large rotating fan to keep the temperature in the furnace uniform; the patent application number 2014108037540 discloses a vertical continuous tempering furnace , using the upper-supply and lower-return air supply structure to improve temperature uniformity and reduce the equipment footprint; the patent application number is 2007100246552 discloses a push rod type continuous vacuum tempering and annealing multi-purpose furnace, the purpose is to solve the vacuum tempering furnace production The efficiency is low, and it is difficult to adapt to the needs of mass production. In addition, the patent application No. 2007100246783 is based on the current situation that oil baths are often used for low-temperature tempering, and uses solar energy to heat the oil baths to achieve energy-saving effects. There is also a vacuum tempering equipment that integrates cleaning, degreasing and tempering. First, vacuum degrease the workpiece quenched by vacuum oil, and then vacuum temper (application number 200710132904X), so as to solve the need for manual cleaning before tempering and reduce the impact of oil on the workpiece. Pollution.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to invent a heat treatment equipment that uses oil as the heating medium to temper the workpiece. By making the tempering oil heat and keep warm under the condition of complete sealing, it can eliminate the oxidation of the tempering oil caused by contact with air. aging, while eliminating oil fume, and can obtain a higher tempering temperature, and at the same time after the tempering process is completed.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment, including a furnace body, a vacuum protection atmosphere system, a hot oil circulation system, and a cold oil circulation system, characterized in that the vacuum protection atmosphere The system includes a three-way gas pipe, a vacuum pump communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace through the three-way gas pipe, and a steel cylinder for storing inert gas. The thermal oil circulation pipeline connected to the furnace body, the thermal oil tank, the first thermal oil pump, and the heater are connected to the thermal oil circulation pipeline in sequence; the cold oil circulation system includes the second thermal oil pump, the cold oil tank and the furnace body connected at both ends. The cold oil circulation pipeline, the second hot oil pump and the cold oil tank are all connected to the cold oil circulation pipeline.

Further, the medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment also includes a cleaning circulation system. The cleaning circulation system includes a cleaning water pump, a cleaning agent storage tank, and a cleaning circulation pipeline with both ends connected to the furnace body. The cleaning water pump and the cleaning agent storage tank are connected On the cleaning circulation pipeline, cleaning agent is stored in the cleaning agent storage tank.

The three processes of tempering, cooling, and cleaning of the workpiece are all completed in the furnace body, and the workpiece does not need to be moved during the process, and they are all completed in the sealed furnace body, and there is no oil fume leakage during processing, which is environmentally safe. After cooling, it can be connected to the cleaning circulation system immediately, and the workpiece can be cleaned directly in the furnace body.

Further, the cold oil circulation pipeline also includes a heat exchanger and an oil cooler, the heat exchanger is connected to the cold oil circulation pipeline between the second heat oil pump and the furnace body, and the oil cooler is connected to the heat exchanger. The oil heat on the cold oil circulation pipeline is transferred to the oil cooler through the heat exchanger, so that the hot oil on the cold oil circulation pipeline can be cooled rapidly.

Further, a fume separator is provided on the hot oil circulation pipeline between the furnace body and the hot oil tank, and the outlet pipe of the fume separator is connected to a high-level tank containing cold oil, and the high-level tank also has a function to deliver cold oil to the oil fume separator. Fill pipe. The separated oil fumes are turned back into cold oil after being cooled in the high-level tank, and are stored in the high-level tank. When part of the oil in the hot oil circulation system is consumed, the cold oil is replenished from the high-level tank to the hot oil circulation system, and heated by a heater to become hot oil. Oil.

Further, the three-way air pipe, the hot oil circulation pipeline, the cold oil circulation pipeline, and the cleaning circulation pipeline are all provided with solenoid valves. The four systems are respectively connected to the furnace body, and the switching between the systems is realized through the control of the solenoid valve, and only one system is connected at a time.

Working principle: The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment completely seals the working area. After taking and placing the workpiece, seals the furnace body, vacuumizes the furnace body and fills it with inert gas to prevent the tempering oil from contacting the air at high temperature. The aging problem of tempering oil caused by oxidation is eliminated; at the same time, after the furnace body is sealed, the inner cavity of the furnace is isolated from the external environment, and the soot generated by the decomposition of tempering oil at high temperature enters the cold oil in the high level tank through the oil and gas separator. The oil fume is cooled in the high level tank and turned back to cold oil, so there will be no oil fume problem. When the hot oil circulation system lacks hot oil, the cold oil is delivered to the oil fume separator through the elevated tank, and the cold oil enters the hot oil circulation pipeline. At the same time, due to the complete sealing of the tempering oil, some high-temperature resistant tempering oil can be used to increase the upper limit of the tempering temperature, which can generally reach 400 °C.

After the tempering is completed, the hot oil circulation pipeline is closed through the solenoid valve, the cold oil circulation pipeline is opened, and the cold oil is sprayed into the furnace body, and the workpiece is rapidly cooled by the cold oil, and the recovered cold oil flows back to the cold oil tank.

After the cooling is completed, the cooling oil circulation pipeline is closed through the solenoid valve, the cleaning circulation pipeline is opened, and the cleaning agent is sprayed into the furnace body to clean the workpiece, and the recovered cleaning agent flows back into the cleaning agent storage tank.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The furnace body and each system work in a sealed environment, no oil fume, and environmental protection;

2. The furnace body is vacuumed and then injected with inert gas, which eliminates the aging problem of tempering oil caused by oxidation and prolongs the service life of tempering oil;

3. The tempering temperature is high, which can realize partial medium temperature tempering, the tempering temperature is uniform, the quality uniformity of each workpiece is good, and the performance is stable;

4. Tempering and cleaning are completed in the same equipment, and the workpiece is clean and free of oil.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment.

In the figure, 1. Furnace body; 2. Tee vent pipe; 3. Vacuum pump; 4. Steel cylinder; 5. Thermal oil tank; 6. First thermal oil pump; 7. Heater; 8. Thermal oil circulation pipeline; 9. The second hot oil pump; 10. Cold oil tank; 11. Cold oil circulation pipeline; 12. Heat exchanger; 13. Oil cooler; 14. Cleaning water pump; 15. Cleaning agent storage tank; 16. Cleaning circulation pipeline; 17. Oil fume separator; 18. High position tank; 19. Air outlet pipe; 20. Oil supply pipe; 21. Solenoid valve.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment includes a furnace body 1, a vacuum protection atmosphere system, a hot oil circulation system, a cold oil circulation system, and a cleaning circulation system. It is characterized in that the vacuum protection atmosphere system includes Three vent pipes 2, a vacuum pump 3 communicating with the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 through the three vent pipes 2, and a steel cylinder 4 for storing inert gas, the steel cylinder 4 is connected with the three vent pipes 2; the thermal oil circulation system includes a thermal oil tank 5, a first heating The oil pump 6, the heater 7 and the thermal oil circulation pipeline 8 connected to the furnace body 1 at both ends, the thermal oil tank 5, the first thermal oil pump 6, and the heater 7 are sequentially connected to the thermal oil circulation pipeline 8; the cold oil circulation system It includes a second hot oil pump 9, a cold oil tank 10 and a cold oil circulation pipeline 11 connected to the furnace body 1 at both ends, and the second hot oil pump 9 and the cold oil tank 10 are connected to the cold oil circulation pipeline 11; the cleaning circulation system It includes a cleaning water pump 14, a cleaning agent storage tank 15, and a cleaning circulation pipeline 16 connected to the furnace body 1 at both ends. The cleaning water pump 14 and the cleaning agent storage tank 15 are connected to the cleaning circulation pipeline 16. Inside the cleaning agent storage tank 15 Cleaning agent is stored.

The three processes of tempering, cooling, and cleaning of the workpiece are all completed in the furnace body 1, and the workpiece does not need to be moved during the process, and are all completed in the sealed furnace body 1, and there is no oil fume leakage during processing, which is environmentally safe. After cooling, it can be connected to the cleaning circulation system immediately, and the workpiece can be cleaned directly in the furnace body 1.

The cold oil circulation pipeline 11 also includes a heat exchanger 12 and an oil cooler 13, the heat exchanger 12 is connected on the cold oil circulation pipeline 11 between the second heat oil pump 9 and the furnace body 1, and the oil cooler 13 is connected to on the heat exchanger 12. The heat of the oil on the cold oil circulation line 11 is transferred to the oil cooler through the heat exchanger 12, so that the oil on the cold oil circulation line 11 is rapidly cooled.

The hot oil circulation pipeline 8 between the furnace body 1 and the hot oil tank 5 is provided with an oil fume separator 17, and the outlet pipe 19 of the oil fume separator 17 is connected with a high-level tank 18 containing cold oil. Separator 17 feeds oil charge line 20 for cold oil. The separated oil fumes are turned back into cold oil after being cooled in the head tank 18, and stored in the head tank 18. When part of the oil in the hot oil circulation system is consumed, the cold oil is replenished from the head tank 18 to the hot oil circulation system and passed through the heater. 7Heat into hot oil.

Electromagnetic valves 21 are all provided on the three vent pipes 2 , the hot oil circulation pipeline 8 , the cold oil circulation pipeline 11 and the cleaning circulation pipeline 16 . The four systems are respectively connected to the furnace body 1, and are controlled by the solenoid valve 21 to switch between the systems, and only one system is connected each time.

Working principle: The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment completely seals the working area. After taking and placing the workpiece, the furnace body 1 is sealed, and the furnace body 1 is evacuated and filled with inert gas to prevent the tempering oil from interfering with the air at high temperature. contact, eliminating the problem of tempering oil aging due to oxidation.

At the same time, after the furnace body 1 is sealed, the inner cavity of the furnace body 1 is isolated from the external environment, and the oil fume generated by the decomposition of tempered oil at high temperature enters the cold oil in the head tank 18 through the oil-gas separator, and the oil fume cools in the head tank 18 and turns back Cold oil, no oil fume problem. When the hot oil circulation system lacks hot oil, the cold oil is delivered to the oil fume separator 17 through the header tank 18 , and the cold oil enters the hot oil circulation pipeline 8 . At the same time, due to the complete sealing of the tempering oil, some high-temperature resistant tempering oil can be used to increase the upper limit of the tempering temperature, which can generally reach 400 °C.

After the tempering is completed, the hot oil circulation pipeline 8 is closed through the electromagnetic valve 21, the cold oil circulation pipeline 11 is opened, and the cold oil is sprayed into the furnace body 1, and the workpiece is rapidly cooled by the cold oil, and the recovered cold oil flows back to the cooling chamber. oil tank 10.

After the cooling is completed, the cooling oil circulation pipeline 11 is closed through the electromagnetic valve 21, the cleaning circulation pipeline 16 is opened, and the cleaning agent is sprayed into the furnace body 1 to clean the workpiece, and the recovered cleaning agent flows back into the cleaning agent storage tank 15 .

The specific operation is as follows:

Operating procedures:

1. Open the furnace cover, put in the workpiece, and seal the furnace cover;

2. The vacuuming and protective atmosphere system is connected to the furnace body 1 to realize that there is no air in the furnace body 1;

3. The hot oil circulation system is connected to the furnace body 1 to realize the oil bath tempering work of the workpiece;

4. The cold oil circulation system is connected to the furnace body 1 to realize rapid cooling of the workpiece;

5. The cleaning circulation system is connected to the furnace body 1 to realize the cleaning of the workpiece;

6. Open the furnace cover, take out the workpiece, and complete the tempering and cleaning process.

Claims (5)

1. A medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment, including a furnace body, a vacuum protection atmosphere system, a hot oil circulation system, and a cold oil circulation system, characterized in that the vacuum protection atmosphere system A vacuum pump connected to the inner cavity of the furnace and a steel cylinder for storing inert gas, the steel cylinder is connected with a three-way gas pipe; the thermal oil circulation system includes a thermal oil tank, a first thermal oil pump, a heater and a thermal oil circulation pipeline connected to the furnace body at both ends, The hot oil tank, the first hot oil pump, and the heater are sequentially connected to the hot oil circulation pipeline; the cold oil circulation system includes the second hot oil pump, the cold oil tank and the cold oil circulation pipeline connected to the furnace body at both ends, and the second hot oil pump Both the cold oil tank and the cold oil tank are connected to the cold oil circulation pipeline. 2. The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment also includes a cleaning circulation system, and the cleaning circulation system includes a cleaning water pump, a cleaning agent storage tank and two ends connected to each other. The cleaning circulation pipeline of the furnace body, the cleaning water pump and the cleaning agent storage tank are connected to the cleaning circulation pipeline, and the cleaning agent is stored in the cleaning agent storage tank. 3. The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the cold oil circulation pipeline also includes a heat exchanger and an oil cooler, and the heat exchanger is connected between the second heat oil pump and the furnace body On the cold oil circulation pipeline, the oil cooler is connected to the heat exchanger. 4. The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, the oil fume separator is arranged on the hot oil circulation pipeline between the furnace body and the hot oil tank, and the outlet pipe of the oil fume separator is connected with a The high-level tank for cold oil, the high-level tank also has an oil supply pipe for delivering cold oil to the oil fume separator. 5. The medium and low temperature oil bath tempering equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, the three-way air pipe, the hot oil circulation pipeline, the cold oil circulation pipeline, and the cleaning circulation pipeline are all equipped with solenoid valves.