CN107711836A - A kind of wasp fly traps composition and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hoverfly trapping composition and an application thereof, which belong to the technical field of preparation of insect sex pheromones. It includes insect pheromone component cis-11-hexadecene acetate, and one or more of plant volatiles ocimene, nerol and α-caryophyllene. The weight ratio of the insect pheromone component to the plant volatile is (50-100):1. The lure composition for hoverflies provided by the invention is simple to prepare, and the raw materials are easy to obtain; it has strong lure ability, good stability, long-lasting effect, and the control effect can be maintained for more than 30 days; strong specificity, no It will cause resistance to hoverflies; it is harmless to humans and animals, and is environmentally friendly; it has strong stress resistance and is easy to use. The invention can be applied to the situation of hoverflies and attract a large number of hoverflies to prey on the wheat aphids, and has great significance for the comprehensive control of the wheat aphids.

Description

A lure composition for hoverflies and its application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of insect sex pheromone preparation, and in particular relates to a hoverfly trapping composition and application thereof.

Background technique

Wheat is the second largest food crop in my country, second only to rice in terms of area and output. Wheat aphid is a major pest in wheat production, and its occurrence area is on the rise. Wheat aphids affect wheat photosynthesis and nutrient absorption and conduction. They overwinter in wheat and rice piles, and swarm in nymph and adult stages to absorb juice from wheat leaves, stems and spikes. The peak period of wheat aphid damage is from the earing to grain filling stage of wheat. During the earing period, wheat aphids concentrate on the wheat ears and suck the wheat, which makes the wheat grains empty and the wheat yield decreases. Since the 1990s, the annual occurrence area of wheat aphids has risen rapidly, from 3.42 million hm ² in 1972 to 18.38 million hm ² in 1999. rice planthopper, rice sheath blight). After entering the 21st century, the occurrence area of wheat aphid has remained high, and the average annual occurrence area of wheat aphid in China has been more than ¹² million hm2, which poses a serious threat to the safe production of wheat in China. Therefore, controlling the damage of wheat aphids has become a major demand for safe production of wheat.

Hoverflies are important natural enemies of agricultural pests. Its larvae prey on a wide range of objects. In addition to preying on various aphids such as wheat aphids, cotton aphids, peach aphids, and cabbage aphids, they also prey on eggs and newly hatched larvae of leafhoppers, scale insects, thrips, and Lepidoptera pests. The larvae of hoverfly have a large amount of predation and can prey on wheat aphids throughout the larval stage. Adults have the habit of visiting flowers and are important pollinators. Through pollination, the pollination rate and seed setting rate of crops can be significantly improved. Therefore, it is of great significance in natural and agricultural ecosystems.

Field production generally adopts chemical control methods, which have quick results, but there are problems of pesticide residues. At the same time, the food safety and taste of wheat are affected. In addition, the long-term application of pesticides will also cause the wheat aphids to develop resistance, resulting in a decline in efficacy, making future control more difficult. Therefore, in the face of the above problems, biological control can be used as a sustainable control method. In addition to artificial reproduction and release, the way of using hoverflies is also a very important means of attracting and attracting traps. According to the principle that insects release aggregation pheromones to have a strong ability to gather insects within a species, the discovery and preparation of a trapping composition for hoverflies can be applied to insect monitoring, attracting a large number of hoverflies to prey on wheat aphids, and can achieve pollution-free There is no residue, and it does not affect the taste of wheat and the purpose of yield per mu, so as to achieve the ideal effect of comprehensive control of wheat aphids.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a hoverfly trapping composition and its application, so as to improve the effect of comprehensive control of wheat aphids.

A lure composition for hoverflies, comprising cis-11-hexadecene acetate, an insect pheromone component, and one or one of its plant volatiles ocimene, nerol and α-caryophyllene more than one species.

The weight ratio of the insect pheromone component to the plant volatile is (50-100):1.

A method for preparing a lure core of a hoverfly lure composition. After mixing cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatiles in proportion, dissolve them in a volatile solvent, drop them into a rubber head, and wait until The solvent is evaporated to dryness to obtain the lure core of the hoverfly trap composition.

The volatile solvent is dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, n-hexane or n-pentane.

A method for preparing a lure of a hoverfly lure composition. After mixing cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatile matter, it is dissolved in a non-volatile solvent, added into a polyethylene bottle, and sealed. A lure of the hoverfly trap composition was obtained.

The low-volatility solvent is liquid paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, peanut oil, sunflower oil, dimethylsulfoxide or N,N-dimethylformamide.

The use of the above-mentioned hoverfly trap composition is used for monitoring the hoverfly situation and trapping a large number of hoverflies to prey on wheat aphids.

During application, the trap fixed with the wick of the hoverfly trapping composition is suspended in an area where wheat aphids occur or may occur, and is used for monitoring the situation of hoverflies and attracting a large number of hoverflies to prey on wheat aphids. The trap is one of sticky board traps, boat traps, triangular traps, barrel traps and basin traps.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the preparation of the hoverfly trapping composition provided by the present invention is simple, and the raw materials are easy to obtain; it has strong trapping ability, good stability, long duration, and can control The effect can be maintained for more than 30 days; it is highly specific and will not cause resistance to hoverflies; it is harmless to humans and animals and is environmentally friendly; it has strong stress resistance and is easy to use. The invention can be applied to monitor the situation of hoverflies and trap and prey wheat aphids in large quantities, and has great significance for comprehensive control of wheat aphids.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the chemical formula of cis-11-hexadecene acetate.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the chemical formula of α-caryophyllene.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the chemical formula of nerol.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the chemical formula of ocimene.

detailed description

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

Example 1 Preparation of hoverfly trapping composition

Mix cis-cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatiles in different proportions (the total amount is 1000 μg), dissolve in 1 mL of n-hexane, drop into 1 mL of anti-mouth rubber tip, and air-dry to obtain hoverfly Lure composition lure core.

Mix cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatiles in different proportions (the total amount is 1000 μg), dissolve them in 1 mL of chlorinated paraffin, add them to a 1 mL polyethylene bottle, and seal them to obtain hoverfly lures. Set composition lures. The formulations of different hoverfly trapping compositions are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 The formulation of different hoverfly trap compositions

Example 2 Field test of hoverfly trapping composition (anti-mouth rubber lure core)

A wheat field with consistent growth, consistent management conditions, and large and neat plots was selected as the experimental field. To facilitate the monitoring of the lure effect, the lure core prepared in Example 1 was placed on the box-type trap, and the middle part of the box-type trap was placed to be flush with the top of the crop. To ensure the release effect, 100 ~1500 μg of hoverfly trapping composition, the average distance between traps is above 10m. Three replicates were set up for each treatment, arranged randomly, and the rubber carrier of n-hexane was used as the control. After setting, the number of lured hoverflies was investigated every two days, and the investigation continued for 30 days. The test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 2 Field test results of hoverfly trapping composition (reverse mouth rubber lure core)

recipe number Total trapping amount of hoverflies (head) Average trapping quantity (head/day) 1 955 31.83 2 1666 55.53 3 2301 76.70 4 1324 44.13 5 2540 84.67 blank trap 78 2.6

The test results show that the average trapping amount of the trapping composition of the invention to the hoverfly is obviously higher than that of the control, and exhibits excellent trapping effect on the hoverfly. Utilizing this trapping composition to attract and trap hoverflies will have great significance for improving the control effect of wheat aphids and other pests.

Example 3 Investigation of the growth and decline of aphids by the hoverfly trapping composition,

According to the occurrence dynamics of wheat aphids and their natural enemies, and experimental data such as wheat aphid control indicators (about 500 heads/hundred plants) and the best time to release natural enemies, field investigations are carried out on the basis of Example 2, and wheat flower end grouting is carried out. At the initial stage, hoverflies were used to trap and prey on wheat aphids, and a good control effect was obtained (see Table 3).

Table 3 The growth and decline of wheat aphids in the treatment area and the control area

Growth Period The amount of aphids in the control area (head/hundred plants) Aphid amount in treatment area (head/hundred plants) jointing 12.84 16.67 booting 56.53 84.01 heading 146.0 189.05 pop flowers 324.7 368.33 Grouting (treatment) 2566.45 421.16 Ripe (processing) 891.33 196.45 Cooked (processed) 78.11 26.35

The test results show that: after the treatment area is subjected to the effect of the hoverfly trap composition, the number of aphids in a hundred plants of aphids is significantly reduced, and the reasonable hanging of the lure core of the hoverfly trap composition can artificially advance the hysteresis control effect of natural enemies, fully The natural aphid control ability of natural enemies has been brought into play, and no control measures can be implemented before wheat harvest.

It can be seen that the hoverfly trapping composition provided by the present invention can be accurately applied to the monitoring and reporting of hoverfly insects and trapping a large number of hoverflies to prey on wheat aphids, which is of great significance for comprehensive control of wheat aphids.

The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A lure composition for hoverflies, characterized in that it comprises insect pheromone components and plant volatiles, the pheromone components being cis-11-hexadecene acetate, and the plant The volatile matter is one or more of ocimene, nerol, and α-caryophyllene. 2 . The hoverfly trapping composition according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the insect pheromone component to the plant volatile is (50-100):1. 3. A method for preparing a lure of a hoverfly trapping composition, characterized in that cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatiles are mixed in a weight ratio of (50-100):1 Finally, it is dissolved in a volatile solvent, dropped into the rubber head, and the lure core of the hoverfly trap composition is obtained after the solvent evaporates to dryness. 4. The preparation method of the lure of the hoverfly trapping composition according to claim 3, wherein the volatile solvent is dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, n-hexane or n-pentane. 5. A method for preparing a lure of a hoverfly trapping composition, characterized in that after mixing cis-11-hexadecene acetate and plant volatiles in a weight ratio of (50-100):1 , dissolved in a non-volatile solvent, added to a polyethylene bottle, and sealed to obtain a lure of the hoverfly trap composition. 6. the preparation method of described hoverfly trap composition according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described difficult volatile solvent is liquid paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, peanut oil, sunflower oil, dimethyl sulfide Sulfone or N,N-dimethylformamide. 7. The use of the hoverfly trapping composition according to claims 1-6, characterized in that it is used for monitoring the insect situation of hoverflies and attracting a large number of hoverflies to prey on wheat aphids.