CN107686748A - Gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gasification furnace. The gasification furnace comprises: a casing, the casing inlet, a water inlet and a slag discharge port are arranged on the casing, and a gasification chamber for gasification reaction is formed in the casing , a waste heat chamber for recovering the heat of the product generated in the gasification chamber, and a slag collection tank for collecting the ash discharged from the gasification chamber, the gasification chamber is located above the waste heat chamber and the collection The slag tank is located below the waste heat chamber, the gasification chamber is connected to the inlet of the shell, the slag discharge port and the water inlet are connected to the slag collecting tank; the gas outlet pipe is connected to the gas outlet pipe The waste heat chamber is directly connected, and the gas outlet pipe is located above the rated liquid level of the slag collecting tank. The gasifier according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Gasifier

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a gasification furnace.

Background technique

In the gasification furnace in the related art, in order to facilitate subsequent processing, the high-temperature crude gas from the waste boiler room is cooled by chilling and then sent out of the gasification furnace. This energy recovery method leads to a great waste of heat energy, and the coal fuel Thermal efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art at least to a certain extent. Therefore, the present invention proposes a gasifier, which has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

In order to achieve the above object, a gasification furnace is proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification furnace includes: a shell, the shell is provided with a shell inlet, a water inlet and a slag discharge port, and there is formed in the shell for A gasification chamber for gasification reaction, a waste heat chamber for recovering the heat of products generated in the gasification chamber, and a slag collection tank for collecting ash discharged from the gasification chamber, the gasification chamber is located in the Above the waste heat chamber and the slag collection tank is located below the waste heat chamber, the gasification chamber is connected to the shell inlet, the slag discharge port and the water inlet are connected to the slag collection tank; the gas outlet The gas outlet pipe is directly connected to the waste heat chamber, and the gas outlet pipe is located above the rated liquid level of the slag collection tank.

The gasifier according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

In addition, the gasifier according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas outlet pipe is made of refractory bricks.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas outlet pipe has a discharge channel and a cooling layer between the outer peripheral surface of the gas outlet pipe and the discharge channel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple gas outlet pipes.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas outlet pipe includes: a vertical section, the upper end of the vertical section extends into the waste heat chamber; a horizontal section, one end of the horizontal section is connected to the lower end of the vertical section connected with the other end sticking out of the housing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat chamber reduces the temperature of the product generated in the gasification chamber to 600-800°C.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification furnace further includes: a gasification cavity, the gasification cavity is arranged in the casing and spaced apart from the inner surface of the casing, the gasification cavity forms In the gasification cavity, the gasification cavity is provided with an outlet of the gasification cavity and an inlet of the gasification cavity connected with the inlet of the shell; a waste heat cavity, the waste heat cavity is arranged in the shell and Spaced apart from the inner surface of the shell, the waste heat chamber is formed in the waste heat chamber, and the waste heat chamber body is provided with a waste heat chamber outlet and a waste heat chamber inlet communicating with the gasification chamber outlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification furnace further includes a nozzle, and the inlet of the gasification chamber communicates with the inlet of the casing through the nozzle.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the nozzle is exposed from the housing and the lower end extends into the gasification chamber through the inlet of the housing and the inlet of the gasification chamber.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lower part of the shell constitutes the slag collecting tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the slag discharge port is formed on the bottom wall of the shell.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gasifier according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs: gasification furnace 1, shell 100, shell inlet 110, slag discharge port 120, water inlet 130, rated liquid level 140, slag collection tank 150, gasification chamber 200, gasification chamber 210, gasification chamber inlet 220, gasification chamber outlet 230, waste heat chamber body 300, waste heat chamber 310, waste heat chamber inlet 320, waste heat chamber outlet 330, gas outlet pipe 400, discharge channel 401, cooling layer 402, vertical section 410, horizontal section 420, nozzle 500.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

A gasifier 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a gasifier 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 100 and a gas outlet pipe 400 .

The shell 100 is provided with a shell inlet 110, a water inlet 130, and a slag discharge port 120, and the shell 100 is formed with a gasification chamber 210 for gasification reaction, a waste heat chamber 310 for recovering the heat generated by the gasification chamber 210, and The slag collection tank 150 for collecting the ash discharged from the gasification chamber 210. The gasification chamber 210 is located above the waste heat chamber 310 and the slag collection tank 150 is located below the waste heat chamber 310. The gasification chamber 210 communicates with the shell inlet 110. The slag port 120 and the water inlet 130 communicate with the slag collection tank 150 . The gas outlet pipe 400 is directly connected to the waste heat chamber 310 , and the gas outlet pipe 400 is located above the rated liquid level 140 of the slag collecting tank 150 . What needs to be understood here is that the "rated liquid level 140" refers to the height of the liquid level in the slag collecting tank 150 under the normal working conditions of the gasifier 1, and the height of the rated liquid level 140 can be adjusted by adjusting the water flow rate at the water inlet 130 and the discharge rate. The outlet water flow at the slag port 120 is adjusted.

The working process of the gasifier 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .

The coal water slurry used as raw material is mixed with oxygen and enters the gasification chamber 210 through the shell inlet 110 , where the gasification reaction takes place. The high-temperature gas in the product of the gasification chamber 210 enters the waste heat chamber 310, where the heat is recovered and cooled down, and then directly discharged through the gas outlet pipe 400 for subsequent processes. The ash in the product of the gasification chamber 210 is collected in the slag collection tank 150 , and finally discharged out of the casing 100 through the slag discharge port 120 .

According to the gasification furnace 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the gas outlet pipe 400 so that the gas outlet pipe 400 is directly connected with the waste heat chamber 310, the high temperature gas generated by the reaction of the gasification chamber 210 can be directly Discharging the gasification furnace 1 avoids the waste of heat after the high-temperature gas is quenched and cooled, and the exhausted gas can recover heat again through other devices, for example, the flue gas discharged from the gas outlet pipe 400 can be introduced into the convection waste pot. In this way, the heat loss of the gasifier 1 can be reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the coal fuel can be improved.

Moreover, by making the gas outlet pipe 400 above the rated liquid level 140, not only can the water in the slag collecting tank 150 be used to cool and wash the ash falling into the slag collecting tank 150, so as to facilitate the discharge of the ash and slag, but also can avoid The cooling water in the slag collection tank 150 cools the gas outlet pipe 400 to reduce the temperature in the gas outlet pipe 400, further reducing the heat loss of the gasifier 1 and further improving the thermal efficiency of the coal fuel.

That is to say, the gasifier 1 can make full use of the heat energy generated by coal fuel, avoid waste of coal fuel, and reduce energy consumption in the overall production process.

Therefore, the gasifier 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

A gasifier 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , a gasifier 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a casing 100 and a gas outlet pipe 400 .

The gas outlet pipe 400 is made of refractory bricks. In this way, the gas outlet pipe 400 can have good high temperature resistance, avoid deformation and damage of the gas outlet pipe 400 due to the high temperature of the flue gas, and ensure the reliability of the gas outlet pipe 400 .

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the gas outlet pipe 400 has a discharge channel 401 and a cooling layer 402 located between the outer peripheral surface of the gas outlet pipe 400 and the discharge channel 401 . Those skilled in the art can understand that the cooling layer 402 can be configured to avoid reducing the temperature of the flue gas in the discharge channel 401 . This can also make the gas outlet pipe 400 have good high temperature resistance, and prevent the gas outlet pipe 400 from being deformed and damaged due to local high temperature.

Specifically, there are multiple gas outlet pipes 400 . It should be understood here that "plurality" means two or more. In this way, a plurality of gas outlet pipes 400 can be used to discharge the gas, which further facilitates the discharge of the gas.

Those skilled in the art can understand that there is at least one gas outlet pipe 400 .

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the gas outlet pipe 400 includes a vertical section 410 and a horizontal section 420 . The upper end of the vertical section 410 protrudes into the waste heat chamber 310 . One end of the horizontal section 420 is connected to the lower end of the vertical section 410 and the other end extends out of the housing 100 . This not only facilitates direct communication between the gas outlet pipe 400 and the waste heat chamber 310, but also facilitates the gas outlet pipe 400 to discharge high-temperature flue gas out of the housing 100 for subsequent treatment.

Optionally, the waste heat chamber 310 reduces the temperature of the product generated in the gasification chamber 210 to 600-800°C. This can ensure that the flue gas discharged from the waste heat chamber 310 has a sufficient temperature under the condition of preventing the flue gas temperature from being too high, so that the heat can be reused in the subsequent process and the waste of heat can be avoided.

Fig. 1 shows a gasifier 1 according to a specific example of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the gasifier 1 further includes a gasification chamber 200 and a waste heat chamber 300 . The gasification chamber 200 is arranged in the casing 100 and is spaced apart from the inner surface of the casing 100. The gasification chamber 210 is formed in the gasification chamber 200. The gasification chamber 200 is provided with a gasification chamber outlet 230 and an inlet of the casing. 110 connected to the gasification chamber inlet 220 . The waste heat cavity 300 is arranged in the shell 100 and is spaced apart from the inner surface of the shell 100. The waste heat cavity 310 is formed in the waste heat cavity 300. The waste heat cavity 300 is provided with a waste heat cavity outlet 330 and a port communicating with the gasification cavity outlet 230. Waste heat chamber inlet 320. This can facilitate the formation of the gasification chamber 210 and the waste heat chamber 310, and can facilitate the arrangement of cooling systems and other structures between the gasification chamber 200 and the shell 100 and between the waste heat chamber 300 and the shell 100, so that the gasification furnace 1 The structure is more reasonable.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the gasifier 1 further includes a nozzle 500 through which the inlet 220 of the gasification chamber communicates with the inlet 110 of the casing. In this way, the coal-water slurry and oxygen as raw materials can be mixed through the nozzle 500 and sprayed into the gasification chamber 210, so that the coal-water slurry can fully contact with oxygen to ensure that the gasification reaction is fully carried out.

More advantageously, as shown in FIG. 1 , the upper end of the nozzle 500 is exposed from the casing 100 and the lower end extends into the gasification chamber 210 through the casing inlet 110 and the gasification chamber inlet 220 . This not only facilitates the connection of the nozzle 500 to external pipelines, but also facilitates the nozzle 500 to evenly spray the raw materials into the gasification chamber 210 , preventing the raw materials from accumulating on the upper part of the gasification chamber 210 .

Advantageously, as shown in FIG. 1 , the lower part of the casing 100 constitutes a slag collecting tank 150 . This can facilitate the formation of the slag collecting tank 150, facilitate the sealing of the casing 100, and facilitate the communication between the slag unloading port 120 and the slag collecting tank 150, so as to facilitate the discharge of ash and slag.

More advantageously, as shown in FIG. 1 , the slag discharge port 120 is formed on the bottom wall of the casing 100 . This can facilitate the discharge of ash and slag and prevent the ash and slag from remaining in the slag collection tank 150 .

Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the slag collecting tank 150 decreases gradually from bottom to top. This can facilitate centralized discharge of ash.

Other configurations and operations of the gasifier 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (11)

1. A kind of 1. gasification furnace, it is characterised in that including：

   Shell, the shell is provided with housing entrance, water inlet and unloads cinder notch, formed with for carrying out gasified reverse in the shell The gasification chamber answered, for reclaim the gasification chamber occur product heat used heat chamber and for collecting the gasification chamber discharge Lime-ash dreg collecting slot, the gasification chamber is located at the top of the used heat chamber and the dreg collecting slot is located under the used heat chamber Side, the gasification chamber connects with the housing entrance, described to unload cinder notch and the water inlet connects with the dreg collecting slot；

   Gas outlet tube, the gas outlet tube directly connect with the used heat chamber, and the gas outlet tube is located at the collection slag The top of the specified liquid level of groove.
2. 2. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas outlet tube is piled up by refractory brick to be formed.
3. 3. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that there is discharge-channel in the gas outlet tube and be located at Cooling layer between the outer peripheral face of the gas outlet tube and the discharge-channel.
4. 4. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas outlet tube is multiple.
5. 5. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas outlet tube includes：

   The used heat chamber is stretched into vertical section, the upper end of the vertical section；

   Horizontal segment, one end of the horizontal segment is connected with the lower end of the vertical section and the other end stretches out the shell.
6. 6. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the used heat chamber is by the generation product of the gasification chamber Temperature is reduced to 600-800 DEG C.
7. 7. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：

   Gasify cavity, and the gasification cavity is located in the shell and is arranged at intervals with the inner surface of the shell, the gasification Chamber is formed in the gasification chamber body, and the gasification cavity is provided with the gas that gasification chamber is exported and connected with the housing entrance Change chamber import；

   Used heat cavity, the used heat cavity are located in the shell and are arranged at intervals with the inner surface of the shell, the used heat Chamber formed in the used heat cavity, the used heat cavity be provided with used heat chamber export and with the gasification chamber outlet Used heat chamber import.
8. 8. gasification furnace according to claim 7, it is characterised in that also pass through described including nozzle, the gasification chamber import Nozzle connects with the housing entrance.
9. 9. gasification furnace according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the shell is exposed in the upper end of the nozzle and lower end leads to Cross the housing entrance and the gasification chamber is stretched into the gasification chamber import.
10. 10. gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of the shell forms the dreg collecting slot.
11. 11. gasification furnace according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the slag dumping mouth forms the bottom wall in the shell On.