CN107673814A - A kind of Chinese garden planting soil prepared by building waste and application - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese garden planting soil prepared by building waste and application Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010053759 Growth retardation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000001 growth retardation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008636 plant growth process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物40‑60％、粘土30‑50％、腐殖质土10％。本发明将建筑垃圾分离后的混合物与粘土、腐殖质土配合制备成了一种园林种植土，配合后的园林种植土具备较好的物理结构，腐殖质土富含植物生长所需的元素，同时建筑垃圾的加入，提高了土壤的渗透性、通透性，且该配合后的土壤土质性能稳定持久，能为植物的生长发育提供一个较好的土壤生长环境，促进植物的生长。本发明将建筑垃圾分离的混合物作为园林种植土的主要组分，是对建筑垃圾的有效利用，为现场处理建筑垃圾提供了有效途径，同时也节省了园林种植土，实现了资源的可持续发展。本发明还公开了上述园林种植土的应用。The invention discloses a garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, which comprises the following components in volume percentage: 40-60% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 30-50% of clay and 10% of humus soil. The present invention prepares a garden planting soil by combining the separated mixture of construction waste with clay and humus soil. The garden planting soil has a good physical structure, and the humus soil is rich in elements needed for plant growth. The addition of garbage improves the permeability and permeability of the soil, and the soil properties after the combination are stable and long-lasting, which can provide a better soil growth environment for the growth and development of plants and promote the growth of plants. The invention uses the separated mixture of construction waste as the main component of garden planting soil, which is an effective use of construction waste, provides an effective way for on-site treatment of construction waste, saves garden planting soil, and realizes sustainable development of resources . The invention also discloses the application of the garden planting soil.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及园林种植土技术领域，特别是涉及一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土及应用。The invention relates to the technical field of garden planting soil, in particular to a garden planting soil prepared from construction waste and its application.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市建设的不断发展，产生的建筑类垃圾不断增多。据统计目前我国建筑垃圾总量已占到城市垃圾总量的30％～40％。建筑垃圾主要由渣土、碎石块、碎砖块、废砂浆块、废混凝土块、废玻璃、废陶瓷、废沥青块、废塑料、废金属材料、废竹木等组成。大部分的建筑垃圾未经任何处理进行露天堆放或填埋处理,需进行垃圾清运及耗用大量的土地,清运和堆放过程中遗撒的粉尘、灰砂飞扬等问题无疑使城市日益严重的雾霆天雪上加霜。少部分是将建筑垃圾进行分拣后，利用废弃混凝土和砖块制备成建筑材料所需的骨料或水泥以及其它建筑制品,主要是利用粒径3cm以上的作为粗骨料使用，粒径5mm至3cm之内的作为细骨料使用，粒径5mm以下的很少被再利用，以至于现场仍有大量的弃渣无有效办法进行处置。With the continuous development of urban construction, the amount of construction waste generated continues to increase. According to statistics, the total amount of construction waste in my country has accounted for 30% to 40% of the total amount of urban waste. Construction waste is mainly composed of muck, crushed stones, broken bricks, waste mortar blocks, waste concrete blocks, waste glass, waste ceramics, waste asphalt blocks, waste plastics, waste metal materials, waste bamboo and wood, etc. Most of the construction waste is stacked in the open air or landfilled without any treatment, and it needs to be cleaned up and consumes a lot of land. The problems of dust, dust and sand flying in the process of cleaning up and stacking will undoubtedly make the city increasingly serious. The smog made the situation worse. A small part is to use waste concrete and bricks to prepare aggregates or cement and other building products required for building materials after sorting construction waste, mainly to use as coarse aggregate with a particle size of 3 cm or more, and a particle size of 5 mm Those with a particle size of less than 3cm are used as fine aggregates, and those with a particle size of less than 5mm are rarely reused, so that there are still a large amount of waste slag on site with no effective way to deal with it.
目前有少部分园林种植土的研究领域涉及粒径5mm以下的建筑垃圾，但仅是对建筑垃圾中粒径5mm以下的泥土进行利用，但实际在建筑垃圾中分离的泥土少，而且分离、拌合过程极其繁琐；同时由于其种植土的组成成分配置不合理，没有充分考虑各组分之间的协同效应，而是进行组分功能的简单叠加，往往导致透水透气性强，但保水保肥能力差，极易形成植物萌芽困难及生长发育迟缓，甚至死亡。At present, a small part of the research field of garden planting soil involves construction waste with a particle size of less than 5mm, but only the soil with a particle size of less than 5mm in construction waste is used, but actually there is little soil separated from construction waste, and the separation, mixing The combination process is extremely cumbersome; at the same time, due to the unreasonable composition of the planting soil, the synergistic effect between the components is not fully considered, but the simple superposition of component functions often results in strong water permeability and poor water and fertilizer retention. The ability is poor, and it is easy to cause difficulty in plant germination and growth retardation, or even death.
同时在城市快速的建设中,土壤资源变得越来越稀缺，可用的园林绿化土资源也越来越稀。同时绝大多数室外场地的绿化种植又必须依赖于土壤，土壤资源却越来越医乏，二者形成了不可调和的矛盾局面，因此急需对现有废弃资源的再利用，开发一种园林种植土，减少对自然土壤的需要。At the same time, in the rapid construction of cities, soil resources are becoming more and more scarce, and the available landscaping soil resources are also becoming more and more scarce. At the same time, the green planting of most outdoor sites must rely on the soil, and the soil resources are becoming more and more scarce. The two have formed an irreconcilable contradictory situation. Therefore, it is urgent to reuse the existing waste resources and develop a garden planting method. soil, reducing the need for natural soil.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服现有技术中存在的上述不足，本发明的一方面提供一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，既能够解决建筑垃圾处置又能解决园林绿化土的稀缺问题，还能实现保肥保水及透水透气性能均优良的具有植物全寿命生长所需营养。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, one aspect of the present invention provides a garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, which can not only solve the problem of construction waste disposal but also solve the scarcity of landscaping soil, and can also achieve fertilizer and water conservation It has excellent water permeability and air permeability, and has the nutrients needed for the growth of plants throughout their life.
一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物40-60％、粘土30-50％、腐殖质土10％。A garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, comprising the following components in volume percentage: 40-60% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 30-50% of clay, and 10% of humus soil.
根据本发明提出的由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，将建筑垃圾分离后的混合物与粘土、腐殖质土配合制备成了一种园林种植土，其中，原始的建筑垃圾分离的混合物内部结构疏散，非毛管孔隙度比例过大，而与粘土、腐殖质土按照比例配合后，配合后的土壤具备较好的物理结构，腐殖质土富含植物生长所需的元素，同时建筑垃圾的加入，提高了土壤的渗透性、通透性，且该配合后的土壤土质性能稳定持久，能为植物的生长发育提供一个较好的土壤生长环境，促进植物的生长。According to the garden planting soil prepared from construction waste proposed by the present invention, the mixture separated from construction waste is combined with clay and humus soil to prepare a garden planting soil, wherein the internal structure of the original separation mixture of construction waste is evacuated, and it is very The proportion of capillary porosity is too large, and after mixing with clay and humus soil in proportion, the soil after matching has a better physical structure. Humus soil is rich in elements needed for plant growth. At the same time, the addition of construction waste improves the soil. Permeability, permeability, and the soil properties of the compounded soil are stable and long-lasting, which can provide a better soil growth environment for the growth and development of plants and promote the growth of plants.
本发明所带来的有益效果：The beneficial effects brought by the present invention:
环境效益：建筑垃圾的充分资源化利用，在变废为宝的同时，还解决了建筑垃圾堆积等问题，节省了大量的宝贵土地资源，保护了环境，实现了建筑材料的全寿命循环利用。添加的腐殖土富含多种有机质及腐殖酸，为植物生长提供营养物质，减少后期使用的无机肥导致土壤养分比例失调，土壤大量板结退化以至荒芜的发生。Environmental benefits: The full resource utilization of construction waste not only turns waste into treasure, but also solves the problem of construction waste accumulation, saves a lot of precious land resources, protects the environment, and realizes the full-life cycle of construction materials. The added humus is rich in a variety of organic matter and humic acid, which provides nutrients for plant growth, reduces the use of inorganic fertilizers in the later stage, leads to an imbalance of soil nutrients, a large amount of soil compaction and degradation, and the occurrence of barrenness.
社会效益：为建筑垃圾的资源化利用提供了一种新的途径，为风景园林提供了一种全新理念和全新产业，实现了绿色、环保、低碳的号召，真正实现了人与自然的和谐共生。建筑垃圾在风景园林中的利用，可以减少风景园林材料对于自然资源的依赖，优化园林建设中资源的配置，避免建设过程中自然资源和能源的消耗，为我国资源的循环利用和社会的可持续发展做出贡献。同时给施工企业在建筑垃圾的处理方面提供了一个较有效的处理方式。Social benefits: It provides a new way for the resource utilization of construction waste, provides a new concept and a new industry for landscape architecture, realizes the call for green, environmental protection, and low carbon, and truly realizes the harmony between man and nature Symbiosis. The use of construction waste in landscape gardens can reduce the dependence of landscape garden materials on natural resources, optimize the allocation of resources in garden construction, avoid the consumption of natural resources and energy in the construction process, and contribute to the recycling of resources in our country and the sustainable development of society. contribute to development. At the same time, it provides a more effective treatment method for construction enterprises in the treatment of construction waste.
经济效益：可节省建筑垃圾的清运、贮存、堆放、填埋所产生的费用，并节省植物生产所需的种植土及无机肥的花费，节省植物浇灌费用。因此该园林种植土具有良好的经济效益，市场应用前景广阔。Economic benefits: It can save the cost of removal, storage, stacking and landfill of construction waste, save the cost of planting soil and inorganic fertilizers required for plant production, and save the cost of plant watering. Therefore, the garden planting soil has good economic benefits and broad market application prospects.
此外本发明还解决了传统种植土的技术难题：本发明的园林种植土，最大化的利用了剩余部分的弃渣，同时制备的园林种植土的保水、保肥、透水、透气性能及pH值符合园林种植土各种理化性质的标准，给植物生长发育整个生命周期提供了所需的丰富养分。In addition, the present invention also solves the technical problems of traditional planting soil: the garden planting soil of the present invention maximizes the use of the remaining waste residue, and the water retention, fertilizer retention, water permeability, air permeability and pH value of the garden planting soil prepared at the same time It meets the standards of various physical and chemical properties of garden planting soil, and provides the rich nutrients needed for plant growth and development throughout the life cycle.
另外，根据本发明上述的由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：In addition, the above-mentioned garden planting soil prepared from construction waste according to the present invention can also have the following additional technical features:
进一步地，所述的建筑垃圾分离的混合物的细度≤2mm，所述建筑垃圾分离后的混合物主要包含：泥土、砂石及碎木屑。Further, the fineness of the separated construction waste mixture is ≤2 mm, and the separated construction waste mixture mainly includes: soil, sand and wood chips.
进一步地，上述建筑垃圾需在露天下堆放预定时间，并需经雨水多次淋洗或用水浸泡过。Further, the construction waste mentioned above needs to be piled up in the open air for a predetermined period of time, and needs to be rinsed with rainwater or soaked in water for many times.
进一步地，所述的建筑垃圾分离后的混合物的pH值为7.5-8.0。Further, the pH value of the separated construction waste mixture is 7.5-8.0.
进一步地，所述粘土为粘粒含量在50％-85％之间的自然土壤。Further, the clay is natural soil with a clay content of 50%-85%.
进一步地，所述的腐殖质土的pH值为5.5-7.0。Further, the pH value of the humus soil is 5.5-7.0.
本发明的另一方面还提供一种上述由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土的应用，将所述建筑垃圾分离的混合物、所述粘土和所述腐殖质土按上述的体积百分比充分混合、搅拌均匀，将混匀后的园林种植土倒入种植槽中，土壤深度根据不同的植物种类进行确定，植物种植后，浇灌水。Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of application of above-mentioned garden planting soil prepared by construction waste, the mixture of described construction waste separation, described clay and described humus soil are fully mixed according to above-mentioned volume percentage, stir evenly, The mixed garden planting soil is poured into the planting tank, the soil depth is determined according to different plant species, and the plants are watered after planting.
进一步地，各组成在混合、搅拌之前，控制各组成的水份含量，使所述建筑垃圾分离的混合物的含水量控制在10％以下，所述粘土的含水量控制在5％以下。Further, before the components are mixed and stirred, the moisture content of each component is controlled, so that the moisture content of the separated construction waste mixture is controlled below 10%, and the moisture content of the clay is controlled below 5%.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. the embodiment. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的实施方式提供了一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物40-60％、粘土30-50％、腐殖质土10％。An embodiment of the present invention provides a garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, comprising the following components in volume percentage: 40-60% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 30-50% of clay, and 10% of humus soil.
其中，所述的建筑垃圾在露天堆放下一定时间，需经过雨水多次淋洗或用水浸泡过。Wherein, the construction waste needs to be washed by rainwater or soaked in water for a certain period of time after being piled up in the open air.
建筑垃圾分离的混合物细度为≤2mm，分离过筛之前需按照环保部门进行不同材料的分拣，并控制最后过筛的孔径为2mm。所述建筑垃圾分离后的混合物主要包含：泥土、砂石及碎木屑。The fineness of the mixture of construction waste separation is ≤2mm. Before separation and sieving, it is necessary to sort different materials according to the environmental protection department, and control the final sieving aperture to 2mm. The separated mixture of construction waste mainly includes: soil, sand and gravel and sawdust.
建筑垃圾分离后的混合物pH值调节在弱碱性范围之内(7.5-8.0)，如果超出范围，可用水进行浸泡。The pH value of the mixture after separation of construction waste is adjusted within the weakly alkaline range (7.5-8.0). If it exceeds the range, it can be soaked with water.
所述的腐殖土又称堆肥土，是一类含有大分子土壤有机质及土壤微生物的物质。农林园艺上的各种植物的残枝落叶、各种农作物秸秆、温室、苗圃和城乡各种容易腐烂的垃圾废物等都可作为原料，资源极为丰富,堆制也比较容易。腐殖土组分中含有大量的土壤微生物，能够将建筑垃圾分离的混合物及砂石中的有机质、氮、磷、钾转化，为植物生长储备所需养分，实现循环利用。众所周知氮、磷、钾是植物生长过程中必须的营养元素，这三种营养元素的含量多少对植物生长有着重要的影响。The humus soil is also called compost soil, which is a kind of material containing macromolecular soil organic matter and soil microorganisms. The residual branches and leaves of various plants in agriculture, forestry and horticulture, various crop straws, greenhouses, nurseries, and various perishable garbage in urban and rural areas can be used as raw materials. The resources are extremely rich and the stacking is relatively easy. The humus soil component contains a large number of soil microorganisms, which can transform the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the mixture of construction waste separation and sand, and store the nutrients needed for plant growth to realize recycling. It is well known that nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential nutrients in the process of plant growth, and the content of these three nutrients has an important impact on plant growth.
所述的粘土为粘粒含量在50％-85％之间的自然土壤，自然土壤是指未经人类开垦利用的自然植被下的土壤。所述的腐殖质土的pH值调节在弱酸性范围之内(5.5-7.0)The clay is natural soil with a clay content of 50%-85%, and the natural soil refers to the soil under natural vegetation that has not been exploited by humans. The pH value of described humus soil is adjusted within the weakly acidic range (5.5-7.0)
所述的各组成成分在拌合之前，控制各组成成分的水份含量，建筑垃圾分离的混合物的含水量控制在10％以下，粘土的含水量控制在5％以下。Before the components are mixed, the water content of each component is controlled, the water content of the separated construction waste mixture is controlled below 10%, and the water content of the clay is controlled below 5%.
根据本发明提出的由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，将建筑垃圾分离后的混合物与粘土、腐殖质土配合制备成了一种园林种植土，其中，原始的建筑垃圾分离的混合物内部结构疏散，非毛管孔隙度比例过大，而与粘土、腐殖质土按照比例配合后，配合后的土壤具备较好的物理结构，腐殖质土富含植物生长所需的元素，同时建筑垃圾的加入，提高了土壤的渗透性、通透性，且该配合后的土壤土质性能稳定持久，能为植物的生长发育提供一个较好的土壤生长环境，促进植物的生长。According to the garden planting soil prepared from construction waste proposed by the present invention, the mixture separated from construction waste is combined with clay and humus soil to prepare a garden planting soil, wherein the internal structure of the original separation mixture of construction waste is evacuated, and it is very The proportion of capillary porosity is too large, and after mixing with clay and humus soil in proportion, the soil after matching has a better physical structure. Humus soil is rich in elements needed for plant growth. At the same time, the addition of construction waste improves the soil. Permeability, permeability, and the soil properties of the compounded soil are stable and long-lasting, which can provide a better soil growth environment for the growth and development of plants and promote the growth of plants.
相比现有技术，上述由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土所带来的有益效果包括：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the above-mentioned garden planting soil prepared from construction waste include:
环境效益：建筑垃圾的充分资源化利用，在变废为宝的同时，还解决了建筑垃圾堆积等问题，节省了大量的宝贵土地资源，保护了环境，实现了建筑材料的全寿命循环利用。添加的腐殖土富含多种有机质及腐殖酸，为植物生长提供营养物质，减少后期使用的无机肥导致土壤养分比例失调，土壤大量板结退化以至荒芜的发生。Environmental benefits: The full resource utilization of construction waste not only turns waste into treasure, but also solves the problem of construction waste accumulation, saves a lot of precious land resources, protects the environment, and realizes the full-life cycle of construction materials. The added humus is rich in a variety of organic matter and humic acid, which provides nutrients for plant growth, reduces the use of inorganic fertilizers in the later stage, leads to an imbalance of soil nutrients, a large amount of soil compaction and degradation, and the occurrence of barrenness.
社会效益：为建筑垃圾的资源化利用提供了一种新的途径，为风景园林提供了一种全新理念和全新产业，实现了绿色、环保、低碳的号召，真正实现了人与自然的和谐共生。建筑垃圾在风景园林中的利用，可以减少风景园林材料对于自然资源的依赖，优化园林建设中资源的配置，避免建设过程中自然资源和能源的消耗，为我国资源的循环利用和社会的可持续发展做出贡献。同时给施工企业在建筑垃圾的处理方面提供了一个较有效的处理方式。Social benefits: It provides a new way for the resource utilization of construction waste, provides a new concept and a new industry for landscape architecture, realizes the call for green, environmental protection, and low carbon, and truly realizes the harmony between man and nature Symbiosis. The use of construction waste in landscape gardens can reduce the dependence of landscape garden materials on natural resources, optimize the allocation of resources in garden construction, avoid the consumption of natural resources and energy in the construction process, and contribute to the recycling of resources in our country and the sustainable development of society. contribute to development. At the same time, it provides a more effective treatment method for construction enterprises in the treatment of construction waste.
经济效益：可节省建筑垃圾的清运、贮存、堆放、填埋所产生的费用，并节省植物生产所需的种植土及无机肥的花费，节省植物浇灌费用。因此该园林种植土具有良好的经济效益，市场应用前景广阔。Economic benefits: It can save the cost of removal, storage, stacking and landfill of construction waste, save the cost of planting soil and inorganic fertilizers required for plant production, and save the cost of plant watering. Therefore, the garden planting soil has good economic benefits and broad market application prospects.
此外本发明还解决了传统种植土的技术难题：本发明的园林种植土，最大化的利用了剩余部分的弃渣，同时制备的园林种植土的保水、保肥、透水、透气性能及pH值符合园林种植土各种理化性质的标准，给植物生长发育整个生命周期提供了所需的丰富养分。In addition, the present invention also solves the technical problems of traditional planting soil: the garden planting soil of the present invention maximizes the use of the remaining waste residue, and the water retention, fertilizer retention, water permeability, air permeability and pH value of the garden planting soil prepared at the same time It meets the standards of various physical and chemical properties of garden planting soil, and provides the rich nutrients needed for plant growth and development throughout the life cycle.
下面分多个实施例对本发明实施例进行进一步的说明。本发明实施例不限定于以下的具体实施例。在不变主权利的范围内，可以适当的进行变更实施。The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in several embodiments. Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following specific examples. Within the scope of unchanging master rights, changes can be implemented as appropriate.
实施例1Example 1
一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物40％、粘土50％、腐殖质土10％。A garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, comprising the following components in volume percentage: 40% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 50% of clay, and 10% of humus soil.
选取的建筑垃圾需在露天下堆放一定时间，经过雨水多次淋洗或用水浸泡过。The selected construction waste needs to be piled up in the open air for a certain period of time, and has been washed by rainwater or soaked in water for many times.
建筑垃圾分离的混合物细度为≤2mm，分离过筛之前需按照环保部门进行不同材料的分拣，并控制最后过筛的孔径为2mm，筛网目数为10目。The fineness of the mixture of construction waste separation is ≤2mm. Before separation and sieving, it is necessary to sort different materials according to the environmental protection department, and control the aperture of the final sieve to 2mm, and the mesh number of the sieve to be 10 mesh.
建筑垃圾分离后的混合物pH值控制在7.5-8.0范围之内，如果超出范围，可用水进行浸泡。The pH value of the mixture after construction waste separation is controlled within the range of 7.5-8.0, if it exceeds the range, it can be soaked with water.
粘土选择第四纪红壤的心土层土壤，腐殖质土pH值需调节至5.5-7.0范围之内。The core soil of the Quaternary red soil is selected as the clay soil, and the pH value of the humus soil needs to be adjusted within the range of 5.5-7.0.
上述园林种植土的应用，在各组成成分在拌合之前，控制各组成成分的水份含量，建筑垃圾分离后的混合物的含水量控制在10％以下，粘土的含水量控制在5％以下。For the application of the above-mentioned garden planting soil, the moisture content of each component is controlled before each component is mixed, and the moisture content of the mixture after separation of construction waste is controlled below 10%, and the moisture content of the clay is controlled below 5%.
将各组分按所述的体积百分比充分混合、搅拌均匀，在春天或其它适宜植物生长的季节将混匀后的园林种植土种植多年生园林花卉，土壤深度为30-50㎝，浇灌适量水即可。Mix each component thoroughly according to the volume percentage, and stir evenly. In spring or other seasons suitable for plant growth, plant perennial garden flowers with the mixed garden planting soil. The soil depth is 30-50cm. Can.
实施例2Example 2
一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物50％、粘土40％、腐殖质土10％。A garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, comprising the following components in volume percentage: 50% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 40% of clay, and 10% of humus soil.
选取的建筑垃圾需在露天下堆放一定时间，经过雨水多次淋洗或用水浸泡过。The selected construction waste needs to be piled up in the open air for a certain period of time, and has been washed by rainwater or soaked in water for many times.
建筑垃圾分离的混合物细度为≤2mm，分离过筛之前需按照环保部门进行不同材料的分拣，并控制最后过筛的孔径为2mm，筛网目数为10目。The fineness of the mixture of construction waste separation is ≤2mm. Before separation and sieving, it is necessary to sort different materials according to the environmental protection department, and control the aperture of the final sieve to 2mm, and the mesh number of the sieve to be 10 mesh.
建筑垃圾分离后的混合物pH值控制在7.5-8.0范围之内，如果超出范围，可用水进行浸泡。The pH value of the mixture after construction waste separation is controlled within the range of 7.5-8.0, if it exceeds the range, it can be soaked with water.
粘土选择第四纪红壤的心土层土壤，腐殖质土pH值需调节至5.5-7.0范围之内。The core soil of the Quaternary red soil is selected as the clay soil, and the pH value of the humus soil needs to be adjusted within the range of 5.5-7.0.
上述园林种植土的应用，各组成成分在拌合之前，控制各组成成分的水份含量，建筑垃圾分离后的混合物的含水量控制在10％以下，粘土的含水量控制在5％以下。For the application of the above-mentioned garden planting soil, the moisture content of each component is controlled before mixing, and the moisture content of the mixture after separation of construction waste is controlled below 10%, and the moisture content of the clay is controlled below 5%.
将各组分按所述的体积百分比充分混合、搅拌均匀，在春天或其它适宜植物生长的季节将混匀后的园林种植土种植多年生园林花卉，土壤深度为30-50㎝，浇灌适量水即可。Mix each component thoroughly according to the volume percentage, and stir evenly. In spring or other seasons suitable for plant growth, plant perennial garden flowers with the mixed garden planting soil. The soil depth is 30-50cm. Can.
实施例3Example 3
一种由建筑垃圾制备的园林种植土，包括以下体积百分比的组分：建筑垃圾分离的混合物60％、粘土30％、腐殖质土10％。A garden planting soil prepared from construction waste, comprising the following components in volume percentage: 60% of a mixture separated from construction waste, 30% of clay, and 10% of humus soil.
选取的建筑垃圾需在露天下堆放一定时间，经过雨水多次淋洗或用水浸泡过。The selected construction waste needs to be piled up in the open air for a certain period of time, and has been washed by rainwater or soaked in water for many times.
建筑垃圾分离的混合物细度为≤2mm，分离过筛之前需按照环保部门进行不同材料的分拣，并控制最后过筛的孔径为2mm，筛网目数为10目。The fineness of the mixture of construction waste separation is ≤2mm. Before separation and sieving, it is necessary to sort different materials according to the environmental protection department, and control the aperture of the final sieve to 2mm, and the mesh number of the sieve to be 10 mesh.
建筑垃圾分离后的混合物pH值控制在7.5-8.0范围之内，如果超出范围，可用水进行浸泡。The pH value of the mixture after construction waste separation is controlled within the range of 7.5-8.0, if it exceeds the range, it can be soaked with water.
粘土选择第四纪红壤的心土层土壤，腐殖质土pH值需调节至5.5-7.0范围之内。The core soil of the Quaternary red soil is selected as the clay soil, and the pH value of the humus soil needs to be adjusted within the range of 5.5-7.0.
上述园林种植土的应用，各组成成分在拌合之前，控制各组成成分的水份含量，建筑垃圾分离后的混合物的含水量控制在10％以下，粘土的含水量控制在5％以下。For the application of the above-mentioned garden planting soil, the moisture content of each component is controlled before mixing, and the moisture content of the mixture after separation of construction waste is controlled below 10%, and the moisture content of the clay is controlled below 5%.
将各组分按所述的体积百分比充分混合、搅拌均匀，在春天或其它适宜植物生长的季节将混匀后的园林种植土种植多年生园林花卉，土壤深度为30-50㎝，浇灌适量水即可。Fully mix and stir each component according to the volume percentage, and plant perennial garden flowers with the mixed garden planting soil in spring or other seasons suitable for plant growth. Can.
三个月后、六个月后、十二个月后分别观察以上各个实施例的植物生长情况，结果显示，各个实施例中的植物长势在前后期均良好，枝叶繁茂，无不良长势。所述园林的园林种植土可充分吸收雨水并具有良好的保水能力，同时具有极好的透气透水性。实现了保水、保肥、透水、透气、不板结、不涝水、无烂根现象。Three months later, six months later, and twelve months later, the plant growth of each of the above examples was observed respectively. The results showed that the plant growth in each example was good in the early and late stages, with luxuriant branches and leaves, and no bad growth. The garden planting soil of the garden can fully absorb rainwater, has good water retention capacity, and has excellent air permeability and water permeability. It has achieved water retention, fertilizer retention, water permeability, air permeability, no hardening, no waterlogging, and no rotten roots.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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Application publication date: 20180209 |