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CN107636174A - 转炉 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN107636174A
CN107636174A CN201680020811.5A CN201680020811A CN107636174A CN 107636174 A CN107636174 A CN 107636174A CN 201680020811 A CN201680020811 A CN 201680020811A CN 107636174 A CN107636174 A CN 107636174A
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Prior art keywords
converter
oxygen
injector
nozzle
converter according
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CN201680020811.5A
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CN107636174B (zh
Inventor
R.内尔特曼
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Siemag AG
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/32—Blowing from above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
    • F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
    • F27D2003/164—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
    • F27D2003/165—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being a fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于由基本上液态的原料、尤其生铁以吹气法制造钢的转炉。

Description

转炉
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造钢的转炉。
背景技术
在电弧炉(缩写为EAF)中制造钢的情形中，在其中主要投入使用固体，已知的是，在用于金属废料的熔合阶段期间使用附加的天然气燃烧器。这有助于显著地降低对于电能的需求。
在此，自一段时间以来已将所谓的SIS单元(SMS=Siemag Injektionssysteme)投入应用。
在此涉及所谓的注射器-燃烧器组合，用于燃烧、带入氧气且若有可能用于通过EAF的侧壁吹入碳。
注射器以两种模式操纵，更确切地说，燃烧器模式及注射器模式。
在燃烧器模式中，强功率的火焰支持在炉的相对冷的区域中，即基本上在炉中间之外的金属废料的熔合。在熔化期间，更确切地说在所谓的平熔池阶段中，燃烧器切换到注射器模式中。
在此，集中的氧气束以超声速度吹入到炉中，由此调整在氧气和熔化物之间的最优的相互作用，其对于钢的快速除碳而言是十分重要的。
在转炉中以BOF(吹氧转炉Basic Oxygen Furnace)或AOD(氩氧脱碳Argon OxygenDecarburisation)运行来制造钢是不同的。
目前，在转炉处为了将氧气带入到熔池中，使用吹氧烧枪。其位于转炉上方且然后从上方驶入到梨形的内部空间中。
在使用氧气烧枪的情形中，必须在转炉上方设置有极大的结构高度。其在用于钢厂房的新建筑的情形中需要较高的投资规模。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，尤其降低用于转炉钢车间的投资成本。
根据本发明，该任务利用一种用于以吹气法由基本上液态的原料、尤其生铁制造钢的转炉来解决，其特征在于，
- 为了精炼生铁代替可通过上转炉开口引入的氧气烧枪以及在转炉的底部中布置的底部喷嘴，设置有多个在其侧壁中在转炉内周缘上分布的、朝向熔池液位取向的注射器，
- 注射器构造为超声喷嘴，其由形成包络气束(Hüllgasstral)的环形喷嘴所围绕，
- 注射器以相对熔池表面最大43°的角度取向，
- 氧气可穿过超声喷嘴导入且压力空气和天然气的混合物可穿过环形喷嘴导入，且
- 如此配置用于通过超声喷嘴供应的氧气束的束脉冲，使得确保氧气束穿入到熔化池中。
优选地，注射器可切换到带有较长火焰的燃烧器运行上或带有集中的氧气束和较高的冲击脉冲的注射器运行上。
从该转炉构造和转炉操纵方式中得出的优点在于，转炉可以以相对较低的结构高度安装在所有钢厂房中。
由此，还给出了用于改装在BOF工厂中的EAF钢车间的可能性。
烧枪的投资规模相比于带有SIS注射器的侧壁注射是同样非常高的。
该优点对于生产国而言具有特别的意义，对于这些国家DRI和HBI至少暂时几乎不可供使用且因此必须增加使用由高炉的原料生铁。EAF房是较低的。对于这些应用情况而言准确的是，在取消吹烧枪的情形中，SIS转炉的应用同样是引人关注的，因为在较大的生铁量的应用的情形中，转炉目前就是更好的机组。
原则上，根据本发明的组件可附加于应用氧气烧枪和底部喷嘴地被使用，以便将其优点补充地充分利用。
附图说明
本发明随后应参考附图解释。
在附图中以侧视图和横截面示意性地呈现了转炉。
具体实施方式
以已知的方式，梨形的转炉容器1(由承载环2保持地)在侧向上被支承，其中，倾卸驱动装置3可集成到侧向上的支承中。通常，通过转炉的上开口4(在此未呈现)驶入有氧气烧枪，通过其带入对于精炼生铁熔化物所必要的氧气。
根据本发明，当前，氧气的该带入方式通过装入到转炉容器的侧壁中的、在周缘上分布的注射器5代替，通过该注射器必需的氧气可被带入到在熔池液位上方的转炉的内部中。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于由基本上液态的原料、尤其生铁以吹气法制造钢的转炉，
其特征在于，
- 为了精炼所述生铁代替可通过上转炉开口引入的氧气烧枪以及在所述转炉的底部中布置的底部喷嘴，设置有多个在所述转炉的侧壁中在转炉内周缘上分布的、朝向熔池液位取向的注射器，
- 所述注射器构造为超声喷嘴，其由形成包络气束的环形喷嘴所围绕，
- 所述注射器以相对熔池表面最大43°的角度取向，
- 氧气可穿过所述超声喷嘴导入且压力空气和天然气的混合物可穿过所述环形喷嘴导入，且
- 如此配置用于通过超声喷嘴供应的氧气束的束脉冲，使得确保所述氧气束穿入到熔化池中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的转炉，
其特征在于，
所述注射器可以以可切换到带有较长火焰的燃烧器运行上或带有集中的氧气束和较高的冲击脉冲的注射器运行上的方式操纵。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的转炉，
其特征在于，
所述超声喷嘴构造为拉伐儿喷嘴。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的转炉，
其特征在于，
超声速度大于(1.5x)声波速度。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的转炉，
其特征在于，
所述注射器的装入高度为在熔池表面上的最大大约2m之内。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的转炉，
其特征在于，
所述注射器附加于应用氧气烧枪和底部喷嘴地被使用。
CN201680020811.5A 2015-04-08 2016-04-01 转炉 Expired - Fee Related CN107636174B (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015105307.1A DE102015105307A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2015-04-08 Konverter
DE102015105307.1 2015-04-08
PCT/DE2016/100155 WO2016162016A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2016-04-01 Konverter

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CN107636174A true CN107636174A (zh) 2018-01-26
CN107636174B CN107636174B (zh) 2019-12-27

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US (1) US20180100207A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3280824B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20170133474A (zh)
CN (1) CN107636174B (zh)
DE (1) DE102015105307A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2711692C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2016162016A1 (zh)

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EP3548640B1 (en) 2016-12-02 2022-09-21 Tenova S.p.A. Convertible metallurgical furnace and modular metallurgical plant comprising said furnace for conducting production processes for the production of metals in the molten state, in particualr steel or cast iron
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DE102018208433A1 (de) 2018-05-29 2019-12-05 Sms Group Gmbh Sauerstoffinjektor für einen Konverter insbesondere zur Stahlherstellung
CN112344748A (zh) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-09 中国瑞林工程技术股份有限公司 利用侧吹熔炼炉进行熔炼的方法

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CN107636174B (zh) 2019-12-27
WO2016162016A1 (de) 2016-10-13
RU2711692C2 (ru) 2020-01-21
US20180100207A1 (en) 2018-04-12
KR20170133474A (ko) 2017-12-05
EP3280824A1 (de) 2018-02-14
RU2017137941A (ru) 2019-05-08
RU2017137941A3 (zh) 2019-08-29
DE102015105307A1 (de) 2016-10-13
EP3280824B1 (de) 2019-06-12

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