CN107398559A - A kind of powder injection-molded method of large parts for support of arranging in pairs or groups - Google Patents
A kind of powder injection-molded method of large parts for support of arranging in pairs or groups Download PDFInfo
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- CN107398559A CN107398559A CN201710681785.7A CN201710681785A CN107398559A CN 107398559 A CN107398559 A CN 107398559A CN 201710681785 A CN201710681785 A CN 201710681785A CN 107398559 A CN107398559 A CN 107398559A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical group [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F2003/1042—Sintering only with support for articles to be sintered
- B22F2003/1046—Sintering only with support for articles to be sintered with separating means for articles to be sintered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明一种搭配支撑的大型零部件粉末注射成型方法,包括以下步骤:a、将金属粉末和粘结剂混合均匀,然后制备成喂料颗粒;b、利用注塑成型机将喂料颗粒注射到模具中形成坯件;c、压制成型与坯件形状相匹配的支撑,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层;d、将坯件放置在支撑表面上后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,烧结完成得到成品。通过在对注射成型过程的烧结步骤中将坯件放置在支撑上,并在坯件和支撑之间刷上分离涂层,调节喂料参数及成型参数,然后将其一同进行烧结,保证了烧结时坯件、分离涂层和支撑的收缩率一致,同时三者之间结合紧密,形状相匹配,相互之间没有间隙,则坯件在烧结时不会产生裂纹,有效提高了成品的合格率与成品的质量。A method for powder injection molding of large parts with supporting parts in the present invention, comprising the following steps: a. mixing metal powder and binder evenly, and then preparing feed particles; b. using an injection molding machine to inject the feed particles into The blank is formed in the mold; c, the support that matches the shape of the blank is pressed, and the separation coating is brushed on the support surface; d, the blank is placed on the support surface and put into the sintering furnace together for degreasing and sintering, sintering Finish to get the finished product. By placing the blank on the support during the sintering step of the injection molding process, and brushing the separation coating between the blank and the support, adjusting the feeding parameters and molding parameters, and then sintering them together, the sintering is guaranteed When the shrinkage rate of the blank, the separation coating and the support are the same, at the same time, the three are closely combined, the shapes match, and there is no gap between them, the blank will not crack during sintering, which effectively improves the pass rate of the finished product and the quality of the finished product.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及粉末冶金领域,尤其是一种搭配支撑的大型零部件粉末注射成型方法。The invention relates to the field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a method for powder injection molding of large-scale parts with supports.
背景技术Background technique
金属注射成型技术(Metal Injection Molding,简称MIM)是一种从塑料注射成型行业中引申出来的新型粉末冶金成型技术。众所周知,塑料注射成型技术的生产价格低廉,能生产各种形状复杂的产品,但塑料制品强度不高,为了改善其性能,可通过在塑料原料中添加金属或陶瓷粉末来提高制品的强度和耐磨性。近年来,这一想法已经发展演变为最大限度得提高固体粒子的含量并且在随后的烧结过程中完全除去粘结剂使成型后的坯件致密化,即是金属注射成型技术。金属注射成型的基本工艺步骤是:首先选取符合MIM要求的金属粉末和粘结剂,在一定温度下采用适当的方法将金属粉末和粘结剂混合成均匀的喂料,然后经过制粒后注射成型,获得的成型坯经过脱脂处理后烧结致密化得到成品。Metal Injection Molding (MIM for short) is a new powder metallurgy molding technology derived from the plastic injection molding industry. As we all know, the production price of plastic injection molding technology is low, and it can produce products with various complex shapes, but the strength of plastic products is not high. In order to improve its performance, the strength and durability of products can be improved by adding metal or ceramic powder to plastic raw materials. Abrasive. In recent years, this idea has been developed to maximize the content of solid particles and completely remove the binder in the subsequent sintering process to densify the formed blank, that is, metal injection molding technology. The basic process steps of metal injection molding are: first select the metal powder and binder that meet the requirements of MIM, and use an appropriate method to mix the metal powder and binder into a uniform feed at a certain temperature, and then inject after granulation Molding, the obtained molded blank is sintered and densified after degreasing to obtain a finished product.
粉末注射成型技术具有能够一次成型出形状复杂的工件、尺寸精度高、易于实现高效率自动化生产等优点,特别适合大批量制造形状复杂、高精度、高性能的小型机械零件,已成为快速发展的新工艺。但目前金属注射成型技术基本上都用于生产小型机械零部件,而对于大型零部件(质量大于等于500g以上的产品)的生产存在以下问题:由于零部件较大、自重过重,重力的作用会使烧结制品底部出现裂纹、变形,甚至无法成型,严重影响烧结制品品质,废品率过高、生产效率低。Powder injection molding technology has the advantages of being able to form complex-shaped workpieces at one time, high dimensional accuracy, and easy to realize high-efficiency automatic production. It is especially suitable for mass production of small mechanical parts with complex shapes, high precision, and high performance. It has become a rapidly developing New Technology. However, at present, metal injection molding technology is basically used to produce small mechanical parts, and the production of large parts (products with a mass greater than or equal to 500g) has the following problems: due to the large parts and heavy weight, the effect of gravity It will cause cracks and deformation at the bottom of the sintered product, and even fail to form, seriously affecting the quality of the sintered product, resulting in high reject rate and low production efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:提供一种搭配支撑的大型零部件粉末注射成型方法,以克服现有生产工艺中成品由于受到自重作用而出现裂纹、变形甚至无法成型的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a powder injection molding method for large-scale parts with support, so as to overcome the problems in the existing production process that the finished product is cracked, deformed or even unable to be molded due to its own weight.
为解决上述技术问题本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种搭配支撑的大型零部件粉末注射成型方法,包括以下步骤:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a powder injection molding method for large-scale parts with support, including the following steps:
a、将金属粉末和粘结剂混合均匀,然后制备成喂料颗粒;a. Mix metal powder and binder evenly, and then prepare feed granules;
b、利用注塑成型机将喂料颗粒注射到模具中形成坯件;b. Using an injection molding machine to inject the feed particles into the mold to form a blank;
c、压制成型与坯件形状相匹配的支撑,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层;c. Press and form a support that matches the shape of the blank, and brush the separation coating on the support surface;
d、将坯件放置在支撑表面上后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,烧结完成得到成品。d. Place the blank on the support surface and put it into the sintering furnace together for degreasing and sintering, and the finished product is obtained after sintering.
进一步的是:步骤c中所述的支撑由还原铁粉、粘结剂和润滑剂压制而成。Further, the support described in step c is formed by pressing reduced iron powder, binder and lubricant.
进一步的是:所述粘结剂为石蜡,润滑剂为硬脂酸铝。Further, the binder is paraffin, and the lubricant is aluminum stearate.
进一步的是:所述粘结剂的重量百分比为1~1.2%,润滑剂的重量百分比为0.45~0.55%。Further, the weight percentage of the binder is 1-1.2%, and the weight percentage of the lubricant is 0.45-0.55%.
进一步的是:所述分离涂层由氧化铝粉末和氧化锆粉末混合制成。Further, the separation coating is made by mixing aluminum oxide powder and zirconium oxide powder.
进一步的是:所述分离涂层中氧化铝粉末的重量占比为50%,氧化锆粉末的重量占比为50%。Further, the weight proportion of aluminum oxide powder in the separation coating is 50%, and the weight proportion of zirconia powder is 50%.
进一步的是:所述分离涂层的厚度为0.05~0.15mm。Further, the thickness of the separation coating is 0.05-0.15 mm.
进一步的是:步骤d中的烧结温度≥1300℃,烧结时间为2h。Further, the sintering temperature in step d is ≥1300° C., and the sintering time is 2 hours.
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过在对注射成型过程的烧结步骤中将坯件放置在支撑上,并在坯件和支撑之间刷上分离涂层,调节喂料参数及成型参数,然后将其一同进行烧结,保证了烧结时坯件、分离涂层和支撑的收缩率一致,同时三者之间结合紧密,形状相匹配,相互之间没有间隙,则坯件在烧结时不会产生裂纹,有效提高了成品的合格率与成品的质量。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention places the blank on the support in the sintering step of the injection molding process, and brushes the separation coating between the blank and the support, adjusts the feeding parameters and the molding parameters, and then They are sintered together to ensure that the shrinkage rate of the blank, the separation coating and the support are consistent during sintering. At the same time, the three are closely combined, the shapes match, and there is no gap between them, so the blank will not be produced during sintering. Cracks effectively improve the qualified rate of finished products and the quality of finished products.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了便于理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明。In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples.
本发明一种搭配支撑的大型零部件粉末注射成型方法,包括以下步骤:A method for powder injection molding of large parts with supporting parts according to the present invention, comprising the following steps:
a、将金属粉末和粘结剂混合均匀,然后制备成喂料颗粒;a. Mix metal powder and binder evenly, and then prepare feed granules;
b、利用注塑成型机将喂料颗粒注射到模具中形成坯件;b. Using an injection molding machine to inject the feed particles into the mold to form a blank;
c、压制成型与坯件形状相匹配的支撑,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层;支撑由还原铁粉、粘结剂和润滑剂压制而成,粘结剂的重量百分比为1~1.2%,润滑剂的重量百分比为0.45~0.55%;分离涂层由氧化铝粉末和氧化锆粉末混合制成,分离涂层中氧化铝粉末的重量占比为50%,氧化锆粉末的重量占比为50%;为了便于烧结后坯件从支撑上脱离,分离涂层的厚度为0.05~0.15mm。c. Press and form a support that matches the shape of the blank, and brush the separation coating on the support surface; the support is formed by pressing reduced iron powder, a binder and a lubricant, and the weight percentage of the binder is 1 to 1.2%. The weight percentage of the lubricant is 0.45-0.55%; the separation coating is made by mixing alumina powder and zirconia powder, the weight proportion of alumina powder in the separation coating is 50%, and the weight proportion of zirconia powder is 50% %; In order to facilitate the separation of the blank from the support after sintering, the thickness of the separation coating is 0.05-0.15 mm.
d、将坯件放置在支撑表面上后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,烧结后坯件从分离涂层上脱离得到成品。d. Place the blank on the support surface and put it into the sintering furnace together for degreasing and sintering. After sintering, the blank is detached from the separation coating to obtain a finished product.
实施例1Example 1
制备重量900g的锁具,将重量占比90%的不锈钢粉和重量占比10%的粘结剂混合均匀,混合温度为180℃,混合时间30min,混合完成后制备成喂料并注射成型为坯件;然后取重量占比为98.5%的还原铁粉、重量占比为1%的石蜡和重量占比为0.5%的硬脂酸铝在10Mpa的压力下压制成型为支撑,支撑的表面与坯件向匹配,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层后将坯件放置在支撑上,支撑与坯件形状相匹配,结合处相互衔接,然后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,在1300℃的温度下烧结2h,最后得到的成品致密度达到99.8%,没有裂纹。To prepare a lock with a weight of 900g, mix 90% stainless steel powder by weight and 10% binder by weight evenly, the mixing temperature is 180°C, and the mixing time is 30 minutes. After the mixing is completed, prepare a feed and inject it into a billet Then take the reduced iron powder that is 98.5% by weight, the paraffin wax that is 1% by weight and the aluminum stearate that is 0.5% by weight and press and form it as support under the pressure of 10Mpa, the surface of support and blank The parts are matched to each other. After brushing the separation coating on the support surface, the blank is placed on the support. The shape of the support matches the blank. After sintering for 2 hours, the final product has a density of 99.8% and no cracks.
实施例2Example 2
制备重量600g的锁具,将重量占比89%的Fe2Ni金属粉末和重量占比11%的粘结剂混合均匀,混合温度为160℃,混合时间40min,混合完成后制备成喂料并注射成型为坯件;然后取重量占比为98.25%的还原铁粉、重量占比为1.2%的石蜡和重量占比为0.55%的硬脂酸铝在8Mpa的压力下压制成型为支撑,支撑的表面与坯件向匹配,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层后将坯件放置在支撑上,支撑与坯件形状相匹配,结合处相互衔接,然后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,在1300℃的温度下烧结2h,最后得到的成品致密度达到99.8%,没有裂纹。Prepare a lock with a weight of 600g. Mix Fe2Ni metal powder with a weight of 89% and a binder with a weight of 11% evenly. The mixing temperature is 160°C and the mixing time is 40 minutes. Blank; then take the reduced iron powder that is 98.25% by weight, the paraffin wax that is 1.2% by weight and the aluminum stearate that is 0.55% by weight and press molding under the pressure of 8Mpa to support, the surface of support and The blank is matched to each other. After brushing the separation coating on the support surface, the blank is placed on the support. The support matches the shape of the blank, and the joints are connected to each other. Then they are put into the sintering furnace for degreasing and sintering. After sintering at high temperature for 2 hours, the final product has a density of 99.8% and no cracks.
实施例3Example 3
制备时钟壳,将重量占比88%的Fe2Ni金属粉末和重量占比12%的粘结剂混合均匀,混合温度为190℃,混合时间45min,混合完成后制备成喂料并注射成型为坯件;然后取重量占比为98.4%的还原铁粉、重量占比为1.1%的石蜡和重量占比为0.5%的硬脂酸铝在12Mpa的压力下压制成型为支撑,支撑的表面与坯件向匹配,在支撑表面刷上分离涂层后将坯件放置在支撑上,支撑与坯件形状相匹配,结合处相互衔接,然后一同放入烧结炉中进行脱脂烧结,在1300℃的温度下烧结2h,最后得到的成品致密度达到99.7%,没有裂纹。To prepare the clock case, mix 88% Fe2Ni metal powder by weight and 12% binder by weight evenly, the mixing temperature is 190°C, and the mixing time is 45 minutes. After the mixing is completed, it is prepared as a feed and injection molded into a blank Then take the reduced iron powder that is 98.4% by weight, the paraffin wax that is 1.1% by weight and the aluminum stearate that is 0.5% by weight and press molding under the pressure of 12Mpa to support, the surface of support and blank To match, brush the separation coating on the support surface and place the blank on the support. The support matches the shape of the blank, and the joints are connected to each other. Then they are put into the sintering furnace together for degreasing and sintering. After sintering for 2 hours, the final product has a density of 99.7% and no cracks.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. powder injection-molded method of large parts for support of arranging in pairs or groups, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:A, metal dust and binding agent are well mixed, are then prepared into feed pellet;B, feed pellet is expelled in mould using injection moulding machine and forms blank;C, the compressing support to match with blank shapes, breakcoating is painted in support surface;D, by blank place on a support surface it is latter be put into sintering furnace carry out it is degreasing sintered, sintering completion obtain finished product.
- A kind of 2. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Support described in rapid c is formed by the compacting of reduced iron powder, binding agent and lubricant.
- A kind of 3. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:Institute It is paraffin to state binding agent, and lubricant is aluminum stearate.
- A kind of 4. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:Institute The percentage by weight for stating binding agent is 1~1.2%, and the percentage by weight of lubricant is 0.45~0.55%.
- A kind of 5. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute Breakcoating is stated to be mixed by alumina powder and Zirconium oxide powder.
- A kind of 6. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that:Institute The weight accounting for stating alumina powder in breakcoating is 50%, and the weight accounting of Zirconium oxide powder is 50%.
- A kind of 7. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:Institute The thickness for stating breakcoating is 0.05~0.15mm.
- A kind of 8. powder injection-molded method of large parts of support of arranging in pairs or groups as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step Sintering temperature >=1300 DEG C in rapid d, sintering time 2h.
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| CN108149239A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-12 | 广州市阳铭新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of forming method of face coat and its application in matrix surface processing |
| CN108687348A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-23 | 合肥汇智新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of Novel valve core production technology |
| CN111250710A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市富优驰科技有限公司 | Method for machining hollow-structure differential shell capable of preventing sintering deformation |
| CN112207280A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2021-01-12 | 上海富驰高科技股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of engine rocker arm and profiling clamping support for sintering |
| CN113500205A (en) * | 2021-07-11 | 2021-10-15 | 吉林大学重庆研究院 | 3D printing method of bimetallic material |
| CN116765420A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-09-19 | 共享智能装备有限公司 | Preparation method of part follow-up type supporting piece |
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Effective date of registration: 20180525 Address after: 213000 Yue Lake Road, Jintan District, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, No. 6 Applicant after: Jiangsu science and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 617000 Airport Road, East District, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, No. 10 Applicant before: Panzhihua University |
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